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Note 21 - Fair Value | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] | Note 21. Fair Value Accounting guidance on fair value measurements uses a hierarchy intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy includes three levels and is based upon the valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities. The three levels are as follows:
| ● | Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in markets;
| ● | Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; and
| ● | Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis comprised the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014:
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
|  |  |  |  |  | Quoted Prices |  |  | Significant |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | in Active |  |  | Other |  |  | Significant |
|  |  |  |  |  | Markets for |  |  | Observable |  |  | Unobservable |
|  |  |  |  |  | Identical Assets |  |  | Inputs |  |  | Inputs |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | (Level 1) |  |  | (Level 2) |  |  | (Level 3) |
December 31, 2015: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. govt. sponsored agency securities |  | $ | 213,537,379 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 213,537,379 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 80,670,135 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 80,670,135 |  |  |  | - |
Municipal securities |  |  | 27,578,588 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 27,578,588 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 1,648,880 |  |  |  | 411 |  |  |  | 1,648,469 |  |  |  | - |
Derivative instruments |  |  | 856,024 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 856,024 |  |  |  | - |
|  | $ | 324,291,006 |  |  | $ | 411 |  |  | $ | 324,290,595 |  |  | $ | - |
December 31, 2014: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. govt. sponsored agency securities |  | $ | 307,869,572 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 307,869,572 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 111,423,224 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 111,423,224 |  |  |  | - |
Municipal securities |  |  | 30,399,981 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 30,399,981 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 1,966,853 |  |  |  | 345,952 |  |  |  | 1,620,901 |  |  |  | - |
Derivative instruments |  |  | 1,487,387 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,487,387 |  |  |  | - |
|  | $ | 453,147,017 |  |  | $ | 345,952 |  |  | $ | 452,801,065 |  |  | $ | - |
There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between Levels 1, 2, and 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2015 or 2014. A small portion of the securities available for sale portfolio consists of common stock issued by various unrelated bank holding companies and mutual funds. The fair values used by the Company are obtained from an independent pricing service, which represent quoted market prices for the identical securities (Level 1 inputs). The remainder of the securities available for sale portfolio consists of securities whereby the Company obtains fair values from an independent pricing service. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data, such as interest rate volatilities, LIBOR yield curve, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level 2 inputs). Derivative instruments consist of interest rate caps that are used for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the details of these instruments. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data for derivative instruments with similar structures (Level 2 inputs). Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis comprised the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014:
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
|  |  |  |  |  | Quoted Prices |  |  | Significant |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | in Active |  |  | Other |  |  | Significant |
|  |  |  |  |  | Markets for |  |  | Observable |  |  | Unobservable |
|  |  |  |  |  | Identical Assets |  |  | Inputs |  |  | Inputs |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | (Level 1) |  |  | (Level 2) |  |  | (Level 3) |
December 31, 2015: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans/leases |  | $ | 4,545,966 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 4,545,966 |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 7,722,711 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,722,711 |
|  | $ | 12,268,677 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 12,268,677 |
December 31, 2014: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans/leases |  | $ | 12,467,362 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 12,467,362 |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 13,789,047 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 13,789,047 |
|  | $ | 26,256,409 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 26,256,409 |
Impaired loans/leases are evaluated and valued at the time the loan/lease is identified as impaired, at the lower of cost or fair value and are classified as a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans/leases. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable and is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business. Other real estate owned in the table above consists of property acquired through foreclosures and settlements of loans. Property acquired is carried at the estimated fair value of the property, less disposal costs, and is classified as a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the property is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values are discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the property. The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
|  | Quantitative Information about Level Fair Value Measurements |
|  | December 31, 2015 Fair Value |  |  | December 31, 2014 Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Input |  | Range |
Impaired loans/leases |  | $ | 4,545,966 |  |  | $ | 12,467,362 |  | Appraisal of collateral | Appraisal adjustments |  | -10.00% | to | -50.00% |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 7,722,711 |  |  |  | 13,789,047 |  | Appraisal of collateral | Appraisal adjustments |  | 0.00% | to | -35.00% |
For impaired loans/leases and other real estate owned, the Company records carrying value at fair value less disposal or selling costs. The amounts reported in the tables above are fair values before the adjustment for disposal or selling costs. There have been no changes in valuation techniques used for any assets measured at fair value during the years ended December 31, 2015 or 2014. The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities carried on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis:
| Fair Value |  | As of December 31, 2015 |  |  | As of December 31, 2014 |
| Hierarchy Level |  | Carrying Value |  |  | Estimated Fair Value |  |  | Carrying Value |  |  | Estimated Fair Value |
Cash and due from banks | Level 1 |  | $ | 41,957,855 |  |  | $ | 41,957,855 |  |  | $ | 38,235,019 |  |  | $ | 38,235,019 |
Federal funds sold | Level 2 |  |  | 19,850,000 |  |  |  | 19,850,000 |  |  |  | 46,780,000 |  |  |  | 46,780,000 |
Interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions | Level 2 |  |  | 36,098,431 |  |  |  | 36,098,431 |  |  |  | 35,334,682 |  |  |  | 35,334,682 |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Held to maturity | Level 2 |  |  | 253,674,159 |  |  |  | 255,691,285 |  |  |  | 199,879,574 |  |  |  | 201,113,796 |
Available for sale | See Previous Table |  |  | 323,434,982 |  |  |  | 323,434,982 |  |  |  | 451,659,630 |  |  |  | 451,659,630 |
Loans/leases receivable, net | Level 3 |  |  | 4,209,228 |  |  |  | 4,545,966 |  |  |  | 11,543,853 |  |  |  | 12,467,362 |
Loans/leases receivable, net | Level 2 |  |  | 1,767,672,541 |  |  |  | 1,764,178,772 |  |  |  | 1,595,384,852 |  |  |  | 1,606,646,146 |
Derivative instruments | Level 2 |  |  | 856,024 |  |  |  | 856,024 |  |  |  | 1,487,387 |  |  |  | 1,487,387 |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nonmaturity deposits | Level 2 |  |  | 1,516,599,081 |  |  |  | 1,516,599,081 |  |  |  | 1,304,044,099 |  |  |  | 1,304,044,099 |
Time deposits | Level 2 |  |  | 364,067,103 |  |  |  | 364,192,000 |  |  |  | 375,623,914 |  |  |  | 376,509,000 |
Short-term borrowings | Level 2 |  |  | 144,662,716 |  |  |  | 144,662,716 |  |  |  | 268,351,670 |  |  |  | 268,351,670 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | Level 2 |  |  | 151,000,000 |  |  |  | 153,143,000 |  |  |  | 203,500,000 |  |  |  | 208,172,000 |
Other borrowings | Level 2 |  |  | 110,000,000 |  |  |  | 116,061,000 |  |  |  | 150,282,492 |  |  |  | 159,741,000 |
Junior subordinated debentures | Level 2 |  |  | 38,499,052 |  |  |  | 27,642,093 |  |  |  | 40,423,735 |  |  |  | 28,585,294 |
The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis are discussed above. For certain financial assets and liabilities, carrying value approximates fair value due to the nature of the financial instrument. These instruments include: cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions, non-maturity deposits, and short-term borrowings. The Company used the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of the following instruments: Securities held to maturity: The fair values are estimated using pricing models that consider certain observable market data and some observable inputs, such as rate and term. Loans/leases receivable: The fair values for all types of loans/leases are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans/leases with similar terms to borrowers with similar credit quality. The fair value of loans held for sale is based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in the secondary market. Deposits: The fair values disclosed for demand deposits equal their carrying amounts, which represent the amount payable on demand. Fair values for time deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on time deposits to a schedule of aggregate expected monthly maturities on time deposits. FHLB advances and junior subordinated debentures: The fair value of these instruments is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company's current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. Other borrowings: The fair value for the wholesale repurchase agreements and fixed rate other borrowings is estimated using rates currently available for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. The fair value for variable rate other borrowings is equal to its carrying value. Commitments to extend credit: The fair value of these commitments is not material.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=36462937&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 30 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14172-108612 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 28 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14064-108612 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=49121117&loc=d3e13537-108611 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 16 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=49121117&loc=d3e13504-108611 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=49121117&loc=d3e13433-108611 + Details
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