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Note 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2024
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of presentation: The interim unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024. Accordingly, footnote disclosures, which would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, have been omitted. The financial information of the Company included herein has been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and has been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Such information reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. Any differences appearing between the numbers presented in financial statements and management's discussion and analysis are due to rounding. The results of the interim period ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2024, or for any other period. The acronyms and abbreviations identified below are used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. It may be helpful to refer back to this page as you read this report.
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ACL: Allowance for credit losses | GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
AFS: Available for sale | GB: Guaranty Bank
Allowance: Allowance for credit losses | GDP: U.S. gross domestic product
AOCI: Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | GFED: Guaranty Federal Bancshares, Inc.
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification | HTM: Held to maturity
ASU: Accounting Standards Update | ICS: Insured Cash Sweep
BOLI: Bank-owned life insurance | LIBOR: London Inter-Bank Offered Rate
Caps: Interest rate cap derivatives | LIHTC: Low-income housing tax credit
CDARS: Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service | m2: m2 Equipment Finance, LLC
CECL: Current Expected Credit Losses | NIM: Net interest margin
Community National: Community National Bancorporation | NPA: Nonperforming asset
Company: QCR Holdings, Inc. | NPL: Nonperforming loan
CRBT: Cedar Rapids Bank & Trust Company | OBS: Off-balance sheet
CRE: Commercial real estate | OREO: Other real estate owned
CSB: Community State Bank | PCAOB: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
C&I: Commercial and industrial | Provision: Provision for credit losses
EBA: Excess balance account | QCBT: Quad City Bank & Trust Company
EPS: Earnings per share | ROAA: Return on average assets
Exchange Act: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as | ROAE: Return on average equity
amended | SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board | SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | Swaption: Swap option
Federal Reserve: Board of Governors of the Federal | TA: Tangible assets
Reserve System | TCE: Tangible common equity
FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank | TEY: Tax equivalent yield
FRB: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago | VIE: Variable interest entities
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​ The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries which include the accounts of four commercial banks: QCBT, CRBT, CSB and GB. All four banks are state-chartered commercial banks and all are members of the Federal Reserve system. The Company also engages in direct financing lease contracts through m2, a wholly owned subsidiary of QCBT. Additionally, the Company also engages in wealth management services through its banking subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Credit quality indicators: During the first quarter of 2024, the Company revised the risk rating scale used for credit quality monitoring. The previous risk rating scale and associated definitions are included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024. With the exception of leases and equipment financing agreements, all loans are now risk rated utilizing the following internal risk rating scale:
| 1. | Highest Quality (pass) – loans of the highest quality with no credit risk, including those fully secured by bank certificates of deposit and U.S. government securities.
| 2. | Superior Quality (pass) – loans with very strong credit quality. Borrowers have exceptionally strong earnings, liquidity, capital, cash flow coverage, and management ability. Includes loans secured by high quality, marketable securities, certificates of deposit from other institutions, and cash value of life insurance. Also includes loans supported by U.S. government, state, or municipal guarantees.
| 3. | Good Quality (pass) – loans with good credit quality. Established borrowers with good financial condition, including earnings, liquidity, capital and cash flow coverage. Financial performance is above industry average. Management is capable and is very experienced. Collateral coverage, if applicable, is good. Includes loans secured by personal assets and business assets including equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, and real estate.
| 4. | Moderate Quality (pass) – loans with moderate credit quality. Established borrowers with good financial condition, including earnings, liquidity, capital and cash flow coverage. Financial performance should be above industry averages. Management is capable and has more than adequate experience. Collateral coverage, if applicable, is more than adequate. Includes loans secured by personal assets and business assets including equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, and real estate.
| 5. | Satisfactory Quality (pass) – loans with satisfactory credit quality. Established borrowers with satisfactory financial condition, including earnings, liquidity, capital, and cash flow coverage. Performance should at or above industry averages. Management is capable with adequate experience. Collateral coverage, if applicable, is adequate. Includes loans secured by personal assets and business assets including equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, and real estate.
| 6. | Fair Quality (pass) – loans with acceptable credit quality. The primary repayment source is adequate; however, management’s ability to maintain consistent profitability is unproven or uncertain. Borrowers exhibit acceptable leverage and liquidity. May include new businesses with inexperienced management, performance at industry averages, or borrowers operating in highly cyclical or deteriorating industries.
| 7. | Low Quality (pass) – loans with low credit quality. The primary repayment source remains adequate; however, management’s ability to maintain consistent profitability remains unproven or uncertain. Borrowers exhibit moderate leverage and limited liquidity. May include new businesses with inexperienced management, performance below industry averages, or borrowers operating in highly cyclical or deteriorating industries.
| 8. | Early Warning (pass) – loans where the borrowers have generally performed as agreed, however unfavorable financial trends exist or are anticipated. Earnings may be erratic, with marginal cash flow or declining sales. Borrowers reflect leveraged financial condition and/or marginal liquidity. Management may be new, and a track record of performance has yet to be developed. Financial information may be incomplete, and reliance on secondary repayment sources may be increasing.
| 9. | Special Mention – loans where the borrowers exhibit credit weaknesses or unfavorable financial trends requiring close monitoring. Weaknesses and adverse trends are more pronounced than Early Warning loans, and if left uncorrected, may jeopardize repayment according to the contractual terms. Currently, no loss of principal or interest is expected. Borrowers in this category have deteriorated to the point that it would be difficult to refinance with another lender. Special Mention should be assigned to borrowers in turnaround situations. This rating is intended as a transitional rating; therefore, it is generally not assigned to a borrower for a period of more than one year.
| 10. | Substandard – loans which are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if applicable. These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses which jeopardize repayment according to the contractual terms. There is distinct loss potential if the weaknesses are not corrected. Includes loans with insufficient cash flow coverage which are collateral dependent, other real estate owned, and repossessed assets.
| 11. | Doubtful – loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard loan, with the added characteristic that existing weaknesses make full principal collection, based on current facts, conditions, and values, highly doubtful. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of pending factors, recognition of a loss is deferred until a more exact status can be determined. All doubtful loans will be placed on non-accrual, with all payments, including interest, applied to principal reduction.
The credit quality indicator for leases and equipment financing agreements remains unchanged at performing and nonperforming status. Recent accounting developments: In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-4, “Reference Rate Reform,” which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to loan and lease agreements, derivative contracts, and other transactions affected by the anticipated transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks. ASU 2020-04 is effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. An entity may elect to apply ASU 2020-04 for contract modifications as of January 1, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. In December 2022, in response to the postponement of the cessation date of LIBOR, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06 which defers the sunset date of the ASU 2020-4 guidance to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief. Management has assessed the impacts of ASU 2020-04 and the related opportunities and risks involved in the LIBOR transition. Specifically, management identified all of the financial instruments with LIBOR exposure, which include certain commercial loans, interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, and certain securities and in all cases, determined a plan of transition from LIBOR to a different index. This transition occurred prior to the expiration of published LIBOR rates on June 30, 2023 and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements. In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-02, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method (a Consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force).” Under the standard, the accounting guidance expands use of the proportional amortization method of accounting to equity investments in tax credit programs beyond those in LIHTC programs. The ASU also prescribes specific information reporting entities must disclose about tax credit investments each period. The ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2023, for public business entities, with all other entities having an extra year to adopt. Entities will have the option of applying the ASU using either a modified retrospective or retrospective adoption approach. For some changes related to existing LIHTC investments, prospective application is permitted. The standard was adopted on January 1, 2024 and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements. ​ In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance expands the disclosures for reportable segments made by public entities to disclose significant expenses for reportable segments in both interim and annual reporting periods to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Investors, lenders, creditors and other allocators of capital information will be able to use the expanded disclosures to better assess how an entity’s operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operation opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements. In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance improves GAAP by adding an illustrative example to demonstrate how an entity should apply the scope guidance of “Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation” for profits interest and similar awards. The illustrative examples will benefit investors and other allocators of capital by providing them with more consistent information. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those annual periods. The standard is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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