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Note 7 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Note 7. Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Derivatives are summarized as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:


		December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023

		(dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Hedged Derivatives
Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate caps		$	—		$	2,847
Interest rate swaps			1,905			1,689
Unhedged Derivatives
Interest rate caps			118			951
Swaptions			998			—
Interest rate swaps			183,760			181,854
		$	186,781		$	187,341

Liabilities:
Hedged Derivatives
Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate swaps		$	(30,623)		$	(30,407)
Interest rate collars			(105)			(166)
Fair Value Hedges
Interest rate swaps			(335)			(3,308)
Unhedged Derivatives
Interest rate swaps			(183,760)			(181,854)
		$	(214,823)		$	(215,735)

The Company uses interest rate swap, cap and collar instruments to manage interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments due to changes in interest rates.

Note 7. Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

The Company has entered into interest rate caps to hedge against the risk of rising interest rates on liabilities. The liabilities consist of deposits and the benchmark rates hedged vary at 1-month SOFR, 3-month SOFR and the Prime Rate. The interest rate caps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. An initial premium of $3.5 million was paid upfront for the caps executed. The details of the interest rate caps are as follows:


						Balance Sheet								Fair Value as of
Hedged Item		Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount			Strike Rate			December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2024		Derivatives - Assets		$	25,000		1.75	%		$	-			$	(79)
Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2024		Derivatives - Assets			50,000		1.57	%			-				-
Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2024		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		1.80	%			-				-
Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2025		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		1.75	%			-				672
Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2025		Derivatives - Assets			50,000		1.57	%			-				1,503
Deposits		1/1/2020		1/1/2025		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		1.80	%			-				751
								$	200,000					$	-			$	2,847

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on its variable rate trust preferred securities and its subordinated notes. All of the interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:


						Balance Sheet		Notional										Fair Value as of
Hedged Item		Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Amount			Receive Rate				Pay Rate			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

QCR Holdings Statutory Trust V		7/7/2018		7/7/2028		Derivatives - Assets		$	10,000		6.47	%			4.54	%		$	427		$	335
Community National Statutory Trust III		9/15/2018		9/15/2028		Derivatives - Assets			3,500		6.37	%			4.75	%			197			118
Guaranty Bankshares Statutory Trust I		9/15/2018		9/15/2028		Derivatives - Assets			4,500		6.37	%			4.75	%			153			152
Community National Statutory Trust II		9/20/2018		9/20/2028		Derivatives - Assets			3,000		6.79	%			5.17	%			132			101
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust II		9/30/2018		9/30/2028		Derivatives - Assets			10,000		7.72	%			5.85	%			443			341
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust III		9/30/2018		9/30/2028		Derivatives - Assets			8,000		7.72	%			5.85	%			353			272
Guaranty Statutory Trust II*		5/23/2019		2/23/2026		Derivatives - Assets			10,310		6.23	%			4.09	%			200			370
QCR Holdings Subordinated Note		3/1/2024		2/15/2028		Derivatives - Liabilities			65,000		5.04	%			4.02	%			(50)			-
								$	114,310									$	1,855		$	1,689

* Acquired on April 1, 2022 with GFED acquisition.

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of declining interest rates on floating rate loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:


						Balance Sheet													Fair Value as of
Hedged Item		Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount				Receive Rate				Pay Rate			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

Loans		7/1/2021		7/1/2031		Derivatives - Liabilities		$	35,000			1.40	%			4.66	%		$	(5,445)		$	(5,004)
Loans		7/1/2021		7/1/2031		Derivatives - Liabilities			50,000			1.40	%			4.66	%			(7,779)			(7,149)
Loans		7/1/2021		7/1/2031		Derivatives - Liabilities			40,000			1.40	%			4.66	%			(6,233)			(5,730)
Loans		10/1/2022		7/1/2031		Derivatives - Liabilities			25,000			1.30	%			4.66	%			(3,916)			(3,696)
Loans		4/1/2022		4/1/2027		Derivatives - Liabilities			15,000			1.91	%			4.66	%			(720)			(868)
Loans		4/1/2022		4/1/2027		Derivatives - Liabilities			50,000			1.91	%			4.66	%			(2,400)			(2,892)
Loans		4/1/2022		4/1/2027		Derivatives - Liabilities			35,000			1.91	%			4.66	%			(1,680)			(2,024)
Loans		4/1/2022		4/1/2027		Derivatives - Liabilities			50,000			1.91	%			4.66	%			(2,401)			(3,044)
								$	300,000										$	(30,574)		$	(30,407)

The Company uses interest rate collars in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure on variable rate loans. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The collar is designated as a cash flow hedge in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate collars are as follows:


																	Fair Value as of
Hedged Item		Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount			Cap Strike Rate			Floor Strike Rate			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Loans		10/1/2022		10/1/2026		Derivatives - Liabilities		$	50,000		4.40	%		2.44	%		$	(105)		$	(166)

Note 7. Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as fair value hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:



						Balance Sheet												Fair Value as of
Hedged Item		Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount			Receive Rate				Pay Rate			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2025		Derivatives - Assets		$	15,000		4.65	%			4.60	%		$	(35)		$	(69)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		4.65	%			4.38	%			(77)			(195)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			15,000		4.65	%			4.38	%			(46)			(117)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			20,000		4.65	%			4.38	%			(61)			(140)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			30,000		4.65	%			4.21	%			(79)			(293)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			15,000		4.65	%			4.21	%			(40)			(146)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2026		Derivatives - Assets			20,000		4.65	%			4.21	%			(53)			(176)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			32,500		4.65	%			4.08	%			(44)			(364)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			15,000		4.65	%			4.08	%			(20)			(168)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			20,000		4.65	%			4.08	%			(27)			(202)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			32,500		4.65	%			3.98	%			14			(397)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			15,000		4.65	%			3.98	%			6			(183)
Loans		7/12/2023		8/1/2027		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		4.65	%			3.98	%			11			(276)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2028		Derivatives - Assets			30,000		4.65	%			3.90	%			77			(388)
Loans		7/12/2023		2/1/2028		Derivatives - Assets			15,000		4.65	%			3.90	%			39			(194)
								$	325,000									$	(335)		$	(3,308)

Changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of AOCI. The following is a summary of how AOCI was impacted by hedging activities during the periods listed:


		Year Ended
		December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023

		(dollars in thousands)

Unrealized loss at beginning of period, net of tax		$	(19,979)		$	(20,221)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense related to caplet amortization			(510)			(872)
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax			(1,187)			1,114
Unrealized loss at end of period, net of tax		$	(21,676)		$	(19,979)

Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as fair value hedges, to the extent that they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of interest income/expense.

For derivative instruments that are designated as unhedged, the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized into current earnings. The details of the unhedged interest rate caps are as follows:


				Balance Sheet								Fair Value as of
Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount			Strike Rate			December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

2/1/2020		2/1/2024		Derivatives - Assets		$	25,000		1.90	%		$	-			$	79
3/1/2020		3/3/2025		Derivatives - Assets			25,000		1.90	%			118				872
						$	50,000					$	118			$	951

Note 7. Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

During the third quarter of 2024, the Company executed a derivative strategy more commonly known as a swaption. The swaptions are designed to hedge the Company’s regulatory capital ratios against the adverse effects of a significant decline in long-term interest rates. The swaptions are designated as unhedged in accordance with ASC 815, therefore the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized into current earnings. An initial premium of $4.5 million was paid upfront for the swaptions. The details of the swaptions are as follows:


												Fair Value as of
Effective Date		Maturity Date		Location		Notional Amount			Strike Rate			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)

7/30/2024		7/30/2025		Derivatives - Assets		$	77,600		2.13	%		$	37			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2025		Derivatives - Assets			33,100		2.62	%			54			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2025		Derivatives - Assets			28,254		2.12	%			48			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2025		Derivatives - Assets			66,247		2.63	%			33			N/A
7/30/2024		1/29/2026		Derivatives - Assets			20,750		2.63	%			102			N/A
7/30/2024		1/29/2026		Derivatives - Assets			41,700		2.13	%			77			N/A
7/30/2024		1/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			36,546		2.14	%			70			N/A
7/30/2024		1/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			18,453		2.64	%			93			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			16,100		2.64	%			140			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			29,800		2.14	%			116			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			25,971		2.14	%			103			N/A
7/30/2024		7/30/2026		Derivatives - Assets			14,280		2.64	%			125			N/A
						$	408,801					$	998			N/A

The Company has also entered into interest rate swap contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative contracts relate to transactions in which the Company enters into an interest rate swap with a customer while at the same time entering into an equal and offsetting interest rate swap with a third-party financial institution. Additionally, the Company receives an upfront, non-refundable fee from the third-party financial institution, dependent upon the pricing that is recognized upon receipt from the third-party financial institution. Because the Company acts as an intermediary for the customer, changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts, for the most part, offset each other and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations.

Interest rate swaps that are not designated as hedging instruments are summarized as follows:


				December 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
			Notional Amount			Estimated Fair Value			Notional Amount			Estimated Fair Value

			(dollars in thousands)
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Assets:
Interest rate swap contracts			$	4,148,306		$	183,760		$	3,308,024		$	181,854
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Liabilities:
Interest rate swap contracts			$	4,148,306		$	183,760		$	3,308,024		$	181,854

The effect of cash flow hedging and fair value accounting on the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:


		Year Ended December 31, 2024							Year Ended December 31, 2023							Year Ended December 31, 2022
		Interest and			Interest				Interest and			Interest				Interest and			Interest
		Dividend Income			Expense				Dividend Income			Expense				Dividend Income			Expense

		(dollars in thousands)

Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income		$	481,857		$	250,069			$	413,410		$	192,404			$	292,571		$	61,451

The effects of cash flow hedging:
Gain (loss) on interest rate caps on deposits			-			(4,032)				-			(7,639)				-			(1,422)
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps on debt			-			(1,271)				-			(1,167)				-			500
(Gain) loss on interest rate swaps and collars on loans			(11,431)			-				(10,763)			-				(829)			-

The effects of fair value hedging:
Gain on interest rate swaps on loans			3,380			-				1,746			-				-			-

Note 7. Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

The Company’s hedged interest rate swaps and non-hedged interest rate swaps are collateralized with cash and investment securities with carrying values as follows, as of the dates presented:


		December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023

		(dollars in thousands)

Cash		$	39,431		$	51,680
U.S. govt. sponsored agency securities			6,222			6,413
Municipal securities			151,107			68,651
Residential mortgage-backed and related securities			18,132			23,358
		$	214,892		$	150,102

The Company may be exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to its interest rate derivative agreements. The Company assesses the credit risk of its financial institution counterparties by monitoring publicly available credit rating and financial information. Additionally, the Company manages financial institution counterparty credit risk by entering into interest rate derivatives only with primary and highly rated counterparties, the use of ISDA master agreements, central clearing mechanisms and counterparty limits. The agreements contain bilateral collateral arrangements with the amount of collateral to be posted generally governed by the settlement value of outstanding swaps. The Company manages the risk of default by its borrower/customer counterparties through its normal loan underwriting and credit monitoring policies and procedures. The Company underwrites the combination of the base loan amount and potential swap exposure and focuses on high quality borrowers with strong collateral values. The majority of the Company’s swapped loan portfolio consists of loans on projects, with loan-to-values, including the potential swap exposure, below 65%. The Company does not currently anticipate any losses from failure of interest rate derivative counterparties to honor their obligations.