<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-20-023400.txt : 20200204
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-20-023400.hdr.sgml : 20200204
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20200204061611
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-20-023400
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200130
ITEM INFORMATION:		Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200204
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200204

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			PRECIGEN, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001356090
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-COMMERCIAL PHYSICAL & BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH [8731]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			VA
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-36042
		FILM NUMBER:		20570587

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		20374 SENECA MEADOWS PARKWAY
		CITY:			GERMANTOWN
		STATE:			MD
		ZIP:			20876
		BUSINESS PHONE:		301-556-9900

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		20374 SENECA MEADOWS PARKWAY
		CITY:			GERMANTOWN
		STATE:			MD
		ZIP:			20876

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	INTREXON CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20060313
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:WrittenCommunications" contextRef="duration_2020-01-30_to_2020-01-30" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#32;</td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</td></tr></table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Securities registered pursuant to 12(b) of the Act:</p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Title of each class</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Trading</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Symbol(s)</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Name of each exchange</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">on which registered</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" contextRef="duration_2020-01-30_to_2020-01-30">Common Stock, No Par Value</ix:nonNumeric></p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"> <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" contextRef="duration_2020-01-30_to_2020-01-30">PGEN</ix:nonNumeric></p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" contextRef="duration_2020-01-30_to_2020-01-30" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">Nasdaq Global Select Market</ix:nonNumeric></p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0%;text-align:left;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" contextRef="duration_2020-01-30_to_2020-01-30" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal">&#9744;</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:10pt"></p> <div style="text-align:center"> <p style="line-height:0.5pt;border-bottom:0.50px solid #000000;width:100%;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p></div> <div style="text-align:center"> <p style="line-height:3pt;border-bottom:0.50px solid #000000;width:100%;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt">&#160;</p></div> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:0em"></p></div>

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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">Item&#160;2.01 </td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Completion of Acquisition or disposition of Assets.</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">On January&#160;31, 2020, Precigen, Inc. (the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;) completed the previously-announced sale of a number of its bioengineering assets (the &#8220;Transaction&#8221;) to TS Biotechnology Holdings, LLC (&#8220;TS Biotechnology&#8221;), a Virginia limited liability company managed by Third Security, LLC (&#8220;Third Security&#8221;). </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">The Transaction was completed pursuant to the terms of the Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement dated January&#160;1, 2020 (the &#8220;Agreement&#8221;) pursuant to which the Corporation agreed to sell, on the terms and subject to the conditions specified therein, a number of its bioengineering assets to TS Biotechnology. The assets divested in the Transaction included the Corporation&#8217;s domain name dna.com and all of the Corporation&#8217;s equity interests in (1)&#160;Blue Marble AgBio LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, (2)&#160;ILH Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (3)&#160;Intrexon Produce Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (4)&#160;Intrexon UK Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation, (5)&#160;Oragenics, Inc., a Florida corporation, and (6)&#160;SH Parent, Inc., a Delaware corporation, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $53 million and certain contingent payment rights. The purchase price was the result of negotiations between Third Security and the Corporation under the direction of an independent special committee of the Corporation&#8217;s board of directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;). The Agreement was approved by the independent members of the Board after a unanimous recommendation of the independent special committee of the Board, following a process to consider strategic alternatives for the Corporation&#8217;s assets, and with the advice of independent financial and legal advisors. </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Randal J. Kirk, the Corporation&#8217;s former Chief Executive Officer and current Executive Chairman and a member of the Corporation&#8217;s Board, and shareholders affiliated with him beneficially own approximately 48.2% of the Corporation&#8217;s voting stock. Mr.&#160;Kirk also currently serves as the Senior Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Third Security and owns 100% of the equity interests of Third Security. Third Security directly owns shares of the Corporation&#8217;s common stock (&#8220;Common Stock&#8221;) and is also the manager of certain entities that directly own shares of Common Stock, and may be deemed to beneficially own approximately 34.6% of the Common Stock. </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:18pt"></p>
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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">Item&#160;5.03 </td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">On January&#160;30, 2020, the Corporation filed its amended and restated Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended (as amended and restated, the &#8220;Articles of Incorporation&#8221;) with the State Corporation Commission of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to change the name of the Corporation from Intrexon Corporation to Precigen, Inc. (the &#8220;Name Change&#8221;) and to delete the provisions authorizing and governing the Corporation&#8217;s Series A Redeemable Preferred Stock, no shares of which were ever issued and all rights to which had previously ceased to exist, to be effective February&#160;1, 2020 (the &#8220;Effective Date&#8221;). Effective as of the Effective Date, the Corporation also amended and restated its Amended and Restated Bylaws (as amended and restated, the &#8220;Bylaws&#8221;) to reflect the Name Change. </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Copies of the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws are filed herewith as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, and incorporated by reference herein. </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:18pt"></p>
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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">Item&#160;8.01 </td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Other Events.</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">On February 3, 2020, the Corporation announced the closing under the previously-announced subscription agreement (the &#8220;Subscription Agreement&#8221;) entered into by the Corporation and TS Biotechnology on January&#160;1, 2020 pursuant to which TS Biotechnology purchased, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, 5,972,696 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock for $35&#160;million. </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">On February 3, 2020, the Corporation issued a press release announcing the closing of the Transaction, the closing under the Subscription Agreement, the effective date of the Name Change and a change in the trading symbol for the Common Stock from &#8220;XON&#8221; to &#8220;PGEN&#8221; effective with the opening of trading on February&#160;3, 2020. A copy of the press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein by reference. </p> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:0em"></p>
 <div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">1</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"></p> <div></div> </div>

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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">Item&#160;9.01 </td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0%;text-align:left;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">(b) Pro Forma Financial Information </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">The Corporation intends to file with the SEC pro forma financial information required pursuant to Article 11 of Regulation <span style="white-space:nowrap">S-X </span>&#32;relating to the event described in Item 2.01 above under cover of Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K/A</span> not later than four business days after the completion of the Transaction. </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt"></p>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">(d)&#32;</td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Exhibits.</td> </tr> </table>
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<td colspan="2" style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Exhibit </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;display:inline-block">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;No.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</p> </td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;font-weight:bold;padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;display:inline-block;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;display:inline-block">Description </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">&#160;&#160;3.1 </p> </td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0.00em;text-align:left;text-indent:0.00em;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"> <a href="d876809dex31.htm">Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, effective February&#160;1, 2020 </a> </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">&#160;&#160;3.2 </p> </td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0.00em;text-align:left;text-indent:0.00em;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"> <a href="d876809dex32.htm">Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective February&#160;1, 2020 </a> </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">99.1 </p> </td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0.00em;text-align:left;text-indent:0.00em;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"> <a href="d876809dex991.htm">Press Release dated February 3, 2020 </a> </p> </td> </tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt;">
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:8px;">&#160;</td> </tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">104 </p> </td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0.00em;text-align:left;text-indent:0.00em;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101) </p> </td> </tr> </table> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:0em"></p>
 <div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">2</p> <div></div> </div>

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 <div style="font-size:10pt;width:8.5in;margin:0 auto"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">SIGNATURES </p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. </p> <div style="float:right;width:100%">
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<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Precigen, Inc. </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="height:16px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:16px;">&#160;</td>
<td style="height:16px;">&#160;</td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">By: </p> </td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;margin-bottom:1pt;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">/s/ Rick L. Sterling </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"></p> </td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Rick L. Sterling </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"></p> </td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Chief Financial Officer </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0%;text-align:left;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Dated:&#160;February 4, 2020 </p> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:0em"></p>
 <div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">3</p> <div></div> </div>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>of </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PRECIGEN, INC.
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE I </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The name of the Corporation
shall be Precigen, Inc. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE II </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The
purpose for which the Corporation is formed is to transact any or all lawful business, not required to be specifically stated in these Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, for which corporations may be incorporated under the Virginia
Stock Corporation Act, as amended from time to time, and any legislation succeeding thereto (the &#147;<U>VSCA</U>&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE III
</P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">A.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">All references herein to &#147;<U>Articles of Incorporation</U>&#148; shall mean these Amended and Restated
Articles of Incorporation, as subsequently amended or restated in accordance herewith and with the VSCA. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">B.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The aggregate number of shares that the Corporation shall have authority to issue shall be 25,000,000 shares of
Preferred Stock, no par value per share (hereinafter called &#147;<U>Preferred Stock</U>&#148;), and 400,000,000 shares of Common Stock, no par value per share (hereinafter called &#147;<U>Common Stock</U>&#148;). </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">C.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The following is a description of each of such classes of stock, and a statement of the preferences,
limitations, voting rights and relative rights in respect of the shares of each such class: </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">1.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Authority to Fix Rights of Preferred Stock</U>. The Board of Directors shall have authority, without
shareholder action, by resolution or resolutions adopting Articles of Amendment, at any time and from time to time to divide and establish any or all of the unissued shares of Preferred Stock not then allocated to any series of Preferred Stock into
one or more series, and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to fix and determine the designation of each such series, the number of shares that shall constitute such series and the following relative rights and preferences of the
shares of each series so established: </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The annual or other periodic dividend rate payable on shares of such series, the time of payment thereof,
whether such dividends shall be cumulative or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-cumulative,</FONT> and the date or dates from which any cumulative dividends shall commence to accrue; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions, if any, on which shares of such series may be
redeemed; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the amounts payable upon shares of such series in the event of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution,
liquidation or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">winding-up</FONT> of the affairs of the Corporation; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the sinking fund provisions, if any, for the redemption or purchase of shares of such series;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(v)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the extent of the voting powers, if any, of the shares of such series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vi)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the terms and conditions, if any, on which shares of such series may be converted into shares of stock of the
Corporation of any other class or classes or into shares of any other series of the same or any other class or classes; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">whether, and if so the extent to which, shares of such series may participate with the Common Stock in any
dividends in excess of the preferential dividend fixed for shares of such series or in any distribution of the assets of the Corporation, upon a liquidation, dissolution or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">winding-up</FONT> thereof, in excess of the
preferential amount fixed for shares of such series; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(viii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">any other preferences and relative, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or
restrictions of such preferences or rights, of shares of such series not fixed and determined by law or in this <U>Article III</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">2.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Distinctive Designations of Series</U>. Each series of Preferred Stock shall be so designated as to
distinguish the shares thereof from the shares of all other series. Different series of Preferred Stock shall not be considered to constitute different voting groups of shares for the purpose of voting by voting groups except as required by the VSCA
or as otherwise specified by the Board of Directors with respect to any series at the time of the creation thereof. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

</DIV></Center>


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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">


<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">3.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Restrictions on Certain Distributions</U>. So long as any shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding, the
Corporation shall not declare and pay or set apart for payment any dividends (other than dividends payable in Common Stock or other stock of the Corporation ranking junior to the Preferred Stock as to dividends) or make any other distribution on
such junior stock if, at the time of making such declaration, payment or distribution, the Corporation shall be in default with respect to any dividend payable on, or any obligation to redeem, any shares of Preferred Stock. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">4.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Redeemed or Reacquired Shares</U>. Shares of any series of Preferred Stock that have been redeemed or
otherwise reacquired by the Corporation (whether through the operation of a sinking fund, upon conversion or otherwise) shall have the status of authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock and may be redesignated and reissued as a part of such
series (unless prohibited by the articles of amendment creating such series) or of any other series of Preferred Stock. Shares of Common Stock that have been reacquired by the Corporation shall have the status of authorized and unissued shares of
Common Stock and may be reissued. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">5.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Voting Rights</U>. Subject to the provisions of the VSCA or of the Bylaws of the Corporation as from time to
time in effect with respect to the closing of the transfer books or the fixing of a record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to vote, and except as otherwise provided by the VSCA or in resolutions of the Board of Directors
establishing any series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the provisions of <U>Section A</U> of this <U>Article III</U>, the holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation shall exclusively possess voting power for the election of
directors and for all other purposes, with each holder of record of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation being entitled to one vote for each share of such stock standing in his name on the books of the Corporation. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">6.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>No Preemptive Rights</U>. No holder of shares of stock of any class of the Corporation shall, as such
holder, have any right to subscribe for or purchase (a)&nbsp;any shares of stock of any class of the Corporation, or any warrants, options or other instruments that shall confer upon the holder thereof the right to subscribe for or purchase or
receive from the Corporation any shares of stock of any class, whether or not such shares of stock, warrants, options or other instruments are issued for cash or services or property or by way of dividend or otherwise, or (b)&nbsp;any other security
of the Corporation that shall be convertible into, or exchangeable for, any shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or classes, or to which shall be attached or appurtenant any warrant, option or other instrument that shall confer upon the
holder of such security the right to subscribe for or purchase or receive from the Corporation any shares of its stock of any class or classes, whether or not such securities are issued for cash or services or property or by way of dividend or
otherwise, other than such right, if any, as the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may from time to time determine. If the Board of Directors shall offer to the holders of shares of stock of any class of the Corporation, or any of them,
any such shares of stock, options, warrants, instruments or other securities of the Corporation, such offer shall not, in any way, constitute a waiver or release of the right of the Board of Directors subsequently to dispose of other securities of
the Corporation without offering the same to said holders. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">7.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Control Share Acquisition Statute</U>. The provisions of Article 14.1 of the VSCA shall not apply to
acquisitions of shares of any class of capital stock of the Corporation. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE IV </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">A.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board of Directors shall consist of such number of directors as shall be specified in accordance with the
Bylaws of the Corporation. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">B.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Subject to the rights of the holders of any Preferred Stock then outstanding, directors may be removed only
with cause and only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by each voting group that is entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (&#147;<U>Voting Stock</U>&#148;). </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">C.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Subject to the rights of the holders of any Preferred Stock then outstanding and to any limitations set forth
in the VSCA, newly-created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors and any vacancies in the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other cause shall be filled solely
(i)&nbsp;by the Board of Directors or (ii)&nbsp;at an annual meeting of shareholders by the shareholders entitled to vote on the election of directors. If the directors remaining in office constitute fewer than a quorum of the Board, they may fill
the vacancy by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors remaining in office. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">D.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">No provision of any agreement, plan or related document contemplated by
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;13.1-646</FONT> of the VSCA and approved by the Board of Directors shall be considered to be a limitation on the authority or power of the Board of Directors but, if so considered, is hereby authorized
by these Articles of Incorporation. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE V </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as expressly otherwise required in the Articles of Incorporation, (i)&nbsp;an amendment or restatement of the Articles of Incorporation for which the
VSCA requires shareholder approval, (ii)&nbsp;the approval of a plan of merger or share exchange for which the VSCA requires shareholder approval, (iii)&nbsp;the approval of a sale of assets other than in the regular course of business or
(iv)&nbsp;the approval of the dissolution of the Corporation shall be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by each voting group that is entitled to vote on the matter, unless in submitting any such matter to the shareholders the
Board of Directors shall require a greater vote. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VI </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">A.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">To the full extent that the VSCA, as it exists on the date hereof or may hereafter be amended, permits the
limitation or elimination of the liability of directors and officers in a proceeding brought by or in the right of the Corporation or brought by or on behalf of the shareholders of the Corporation, a director or officer of the Corporation shall not
be liable to the Corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages arising out of a single transaction occurrence or course of conduct in excess of $1.00. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the liability of a director or officer shall not be
eliminated in accordance with the provisions of <U>Section B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U> if the director or officer engaged in willful misconduct or a knowing violation of criminal law or of any federal or state securities law, including without
limitation, any claim of unlawful insider trading or manipulation of the market for any security. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">B.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">To the full extent that the VSCA, as it exists on the date hereof or may hereafter be amended, the Corporation
shall indemnify, any person who is or was a party to any proceeding (including a proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation) against any liability imposed upon or asserted against him or her (including amounts paid in settlement) arising out
of conduct in his or her official capacity with the Corporation or otherwise by reason of the fact that he or she is or was such a director or officer or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, manager, partner,
trustee, employee or agent of another corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other entity, except to the extent such liability is a result of his or her willful misconduct or a knowing
violation of the criminal law. A person is considered to be serving an employee benefit plan at the Corporation&#146;s request if his duties to the Corporation also impose duties on, or otherwise involve services by, him to the plan or to
participants in or beneficiaries of the plan. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">C.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The termination of a proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of <I>nolo
contendere</I> or its equivalent, is not, of itself, determinative that an individual did not meet the standard of conduct set forth in <U>Section A</U> or <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">D.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Unless ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction, any indemnification under <U>Section B</U> of this
<U>Article VI</U> shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the individual is permissible in the circumstances because he or she met the standard of conduct set forth in
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>. Such determination shall be made: (i)&nbsp;if there are two or more disinterested directors, by the Board by a majority vote of all disinterested directors, a majority of whom shall
constitute a quorum; or by a majority vote of a committee consisting of two or more disinterested directors appointed by such a vote; or (ii)&nbsp;by special legal counsel selected by the Board or its committee in the manner heretofore provided or,
if there are fewer than two disinterested directors, selected by a majority vote of the Board (in which selection directors who do not qualify as disinterested directors may participate); or (iii)&nbsp;by the shareholders, but shares owned by or
voted under the control of individuals who at the time do not qualify as disinterested directors may not be voted on the determination. Authorization of indemnification, evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses and determination and authorization
of advancements for expenses shall be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification is permissible, except that if there are fewer than two disinterested directors or if the determination is made by special legal counsel,
authorization of indemnification and evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses shall be made by those selecting such counsel. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses shall be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification is appropriate,
except that if the determination is made by special legal counsel, such evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses shall be made by those entitled under <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;D(iii)</U> of this <U>Article VI</U> to select counsel. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event there has been a change in the composition of a majority of the Board of Directors after the date
of the alleged act or omission with respect to which indemnification is claimed, any determination as to indemnification and advancement of expenses with respect to any claim for indemnification made pursuant to this <U>Article VI</U> shall be made
by special legal counsel agreed upon by the Board of Directors and the applicant. If the Board of Directors and the applicant are unable to agree upon such special legal counsel the Board of Directors and the applicant each shall select a nominee,
and the nominees shall select such special legal counsel. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">E.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Corporation is empowered to contract in advance to indemnify any director or officer to the extent
indemnification is granted under <U>Section B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>. The Board is also empowered to cause the Corporation to indemnify or contract in advance to indemnify any other person not covered by <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;B</U> of
this <U>Article VI</U> who was or is a party to any proceeding, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, manager, partner,
trustee, employee or agent of another corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise to the same extent as if such person were specified as one to whom indemnification is granted
under <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">F.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Corporation shall pay for or reimburse the reasonable expenses incurred by any individual who is a party to
a proceeding in advance of final disposition of the proceeding or the making of any determination under <U>Section B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U> if he or she furnishes the Corporation a written statement of his or her good faith belief that he or
she has met the standard of conduct described in <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U> and a written undertaking, executed personally or on his or her behalf, to repay the advance if it is ultimately determined that such
individual did not meet such standard of conduct. An undertaking furnished to the Corporation in accordance with the provisions of this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;F</U> of this <U>Article VI</U> shall be an unlimited general obligation of the
individual furnishing the same but need not be secured and may be accepted by the Corporation without reference to financial ability to make repayment. Any determination or authorization under this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;F</U> of this
<U>Article VI</U> shall be made as set forth in <U>Section D</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">G.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Corporation may indemnify or contract to indemnify any person not specified in <U>Section A</U> or <U>B</U>
of this <U>Article VI</U> who was, is or may become a party to any proceeding, by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as director, officer, employee or
agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, to the same extent as if such person were specified as one to whom indemnification is granted in <U>Section B</U> of this <U>Article VI</U>.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">H.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance to indemnify it against the whole or any portion of the
liability assumed by it in accordance with this <U>Article VI</U> and may also procure insurance, in such amounts as the Board may determine, on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or
was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against or incurred by such
person in any such capacity or arising from his status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of this <U>Article VI</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">I.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The provisions of this <U>Article VI</U> shall be applicable to all actions, claims, suits or proceedings
commenced after the adoption hereof, whether arising from any action taken or failure to act before or after such adoption. No amendment, modification or repeal of this <U>Article VI</U> shall diminish the rights provided hereby or diminish the
right to indemnification with respect to any claim, issue or matter in any then pending or subsequent proceeding that is based in any material respect on any alleged action or failure to act prior to such amendment, modification or repeal. The
Corporation shall promptly take all such actions, and make all such determinations, as shall be necessary or appropriate to comply with its obligation to make any indemnity under this <U>Article VI</U> and shall promptly pay or reimburse all
reasonable expenses, including attorneys&#146; fees, incurred by any such director or officer in connection with such actions and determinations or proceedings of any kind arising therefrom. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">J.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The indemnification hereby provided and provided hereafter pursuant to the power hereby conferred by this
Article V on the Board of Directors shall not be exclusive of any other rights to which any person may be entitled, including any right under policies of insurance that may be purchased and maintained by the Corporation or others, with respect to
claims, issues or matters in relation to which the Corporation would not have the power to indemnify such person under the provisions of this <U>Article VI</U>. Such rights shall not prevent or restrict the power of the Corporation to make or
provide for any further indemnity, or provisions for determining entitlement to indemnity, pursuant to one or more indemnification agreements, bylaws, or other arrangements (including, without limitation, creation of trust funds or security
interests funded by letters of credit or other means) approved by the Board of Directors (whether or not any of the Directors of the Corporation shall be a party to or beneficiary of any such agreements, bylaws or arrangements); <I>provided,
however,</I> that any provision of such agreements, bylaws or other arrangements shall not be effective if and to the extent that it is determined to be contrary to this <U>Article VI</U> or applicable laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">K.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Except to the extent inconsistent with this <U>Article VI</U>, terms used herein shall have the same meanings
assigned them in Article 10 of the VSCA, as now in effect or hereafter amended. Without limitation, it is expressly understood that reference herein to director or officer shall include every director or officer or former director or officer of the
Corporation and every person who may have served at the request of the Corporation or one of its subsidiaries as a director, officer, partner or trustee of any corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise, and, in all of such cases, his heirs, executors and administrators. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">4 </P>

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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">L.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Each provision of this <U>Article VI</U> shall be severable, and any adverse determination as to any such
provision shall in no way affect the validity of any other provision. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VII </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In furtherance of, and not in limitation of, the powers conferred by the VSCA, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized and empowered to adopt, amend or
repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation; <I>provided, however</I>, that the Bylaws adopted by the Board of Directors under the powers hereby conferred may be altered, amended or repealed by the Board of Directors or by the shareholders having voting
power with respect thereto, <I>provided further</I> that, in the case of any such action by shareholders, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the then outstanding Voting Stock, voting together as a single voting
group, shall be required in order for the shareholders to alter, amend or repeal any provision of the Bylaws or to adopt any additional Bylaw. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.2 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">OF
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">PRECIGEN, INC. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">February&nbsp;1, 2020 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE I
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Place of Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">All meetings of the shareholders of Precigen, Inc. (hereinafter called the &#147;<U>Corporation</U>&#148;) shall be held at such place, either within or
without the Commonwealth of Virginia, as may from time to time be fixed by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (hereinafter called the &#147;<U>Board</U>&#148;). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Annual Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The annual meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come
before the meeting shall be held on the first Thursday in May in each year (or, if that day shall be a legal holiday, then on the next succeeding business day), or on such other day and/or in such other month as may be fixed by the Board, at such
hour as may be specified in the notice thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Special Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>General</U>. A special meeting of the shareholders for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise provided by
law or in the Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, as from time to time amended (hereinafter called the &#147;<U>Articles</U>&#148;), may be held at any time upon the call of the Board, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive
Officer. Except as provided in the Articles, no other person shall be authorized or entitled to call a special meeting of the shareholders. At a special meeting, no business shall be transacted and no corporate action shall be taken other than as
stated in the notice of the special meeting. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Shareholder Requested Special Meeting</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A special meeting of the shareholders shall be called by the Board upon written request to the Secretary of the
Corporation (the &#147;<U>Secretary</U>&#148;) (a &#147;<U>Special Meeting Request</U>&#148;) of one or more shareholders of record at the time of delivery of the written request representing in the aggregate not less than 25% of the total number of
shares of stock entitled to vote on the matter or matters to be brought before the proposed special meeting of the shareholders. A Special Meeting Request shall be signed by each shareholder, or a duly authorized agent of such shareholder,
requesting the special meeting and shall set forth: (A)&nbsp;a brief description of each matter of business desired to be brought before the special meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the special meeting, (B)&nbsp;the name and
address, as they appear on the Corporation&#146;s books, of each shareholder requesting the special meeting, (C)&nbsp;the class and number of shares of the Corporation </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

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which are owned by each shareholder requesting the special meeting, including shares beneficially owned and shares held of record, (D)&nbsp;any material interest of each shareholder in the
business desired to be brought before the special meeting, and (E)&nbsp;any other information, documents and representations that is required under <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)</U> herein. The Board shall determine whether all such
requirements have been satisfied and such determination shall be binding on the Corporation and the shareholders. </TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A special meeting requested by the shareholders shall be held at such date, time and place within or without
the Commonwealth of Virginia as may be fixed by the Board; <I>provided, however</I>, the Board may (in lieu of calling the special meeting requested in such Special Meeting Request) present an identical or substantially similar item (a
&#147;<U>Similar Item</U>&#148; and the election of directors shall be deemed a &#147;<U>Similar Item</U>&#148; with respect to all items of business involving the election or removal of directors) for shareholder approval at any other meeting of
the shareholders that is held not less than 120 calendar days after the Secretary receives such Special Meeting Request. A shareholder may revoke a Special Meeting Request at any time by written revocation delivered to the Secretary; <I>provided,
however,</I> the Board shall have the discretion to determine whether or not to proceed with the special meeting. If, following a revocation of a Special Meeting Request, there are <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">un-revoked</FONT> requests from the
shareholders holding in the aggregate less than the requisite number of shares entitling the shareholders to request the calling of a special meeting, the Board, in its discretion, may cancel the special meeting. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A Special Meeting Request shall not be valid if (A)&nbsp;the Special Meeting Request relates to an item of
business that is not a proper subject for shareholder action under applicable law, (B)&nbsp;a Similar Item was presented at any meeting of the shareholders held within 120 calendar days prior to receipt by the Corporation of such Special Meeting
Request, (C)&nbsp;a Similar Item is included in the Corporation&#146;s notice as an item of business to be brought before a shareholder meeting that has been called but not yet held, or (D)&nbsp;the Special Meeting Request is received by the
Corporation during the period commencing 90 calendar days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s annual meeting and ending on the date of that year&#146;s annual meeting of the shareholders. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Business transacted at a special meeting requested by the shareholders shall be limited to the purposes stated
in the request for the special meeting; <I>provided, however</I>, that nothing herein shall prohibit the Board from submitting additional matters to the shareholders at any such special meeting. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(v)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">If none of the shareholders who submitted the Special Meeting Request for a special meeting of the shareholders
appears or sends a representative to present the proposal(s) or business submitted by the shareholders for consideration at the special meeting, the Corporation need not present such proposal(s) or business for a vote at such meeting.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Notice of Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Notice stating the place, day and hour of every meeting of the shareholders and, in case of a special meeting,
the purpose or purposes for which such special meeting is called, shall be given, not fewer than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting, to </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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each shareholder of record of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting, at his or her address that appears in the share transfer books of the Corporation. Notice of a shareholders&#146;
meeting to act on an amendment of the Articles, a plan of merger, share exchange, domestication or entity conversion, a proposed sale of all, or substantially all of the Corporation&#146;s assets, otherwise than in the usual and regular course of
business, or the dissolution of the Corporation shall be given not less than 25 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting and shall be accompanied, as appropriate, by a copy of the proposed amendment, plan of merger, share exchange,
domestication or entity conversion or sale agreement. </TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Notwithstanding the foregoing, a written waiver of notice signed by the person or persons entitled to such
notice, either before or after the time stated therein, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice. A shareholder who attends a meeting shall be deemed to have (i)&nbsp;waived objection to lack of notice or defective notice of the meeting,
unless at the beginning of the meeting he or she objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting, and (ii)&nbsp;waived objection to consideration of a particular matter at the meeting that is not within the purpose or purposes
described in the meeting notice, unless he or she objects to considering the matter when it is presented. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given, except as expressly required by law. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(c)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to shareholders, any notice to
shareholders given by the Corporation, under any provision of the Virginia Stock Corporation Act (the &#147;<U>VSCA</U>&#148;), the Articles or these Bylaws, shall be effective if given (i)&nbsp;by a form of electronic transmission consented to by
the shareholder to whom the notice is given or (ii)&nbsp;in a manner permitted by the rules and regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#147;<U>Exchange Act</U>&#148;), <I>provided</I> that the Corporation has first
received any affirmative written consent or implied consent required thereunder. Any such consent shall be revocable by the shareholder by written notice to the Corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if (A)&nbsp;the Corporation is
unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation in accordance with such consent and (B)&nbsp;such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer
agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice; <I>provided, however</I>, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action. Notice given pursuant to this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.4(c)</U> shall be deemed given: (1)&nbsp;if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the shareholder has consented to receive notice; (2)&nbsp;if by electronic mail, when directed to an
electronic mail address at which the shareholder has consented to receive notice; (3)&nbsp;if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the shareholder of such specific posting when such notice is directed to the record
address of the shareholder or to such other address at which the shareholder has consented to receive notice, upon the later of such posting or the giving of such separate notice; and (4)&nbsp;if by any other form of electronic transmission, when
consented to by the shareholder. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Quorum</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Shares representing a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on a matter by all classes or series which are entitled to vote thereon and be counted together
collectively, represented in person or </P>
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by proxy at any meeting of the shareholders, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business thereat with respect to such matter, unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles. In
the absence of a quorum at any such meeting or any adjournment or adjournments thereof, (a)&nbsp;the chairman of such meeting or (b)&nbsp;shares representing a majority of the votes cast on the matter of adjournment, either in person or by proxy,
may adjourn such meeting from time to time until a quorum is obtained. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum has been obtained, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Voting</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles, at each meeting of the shareholders each shareholder entitled to vote at such meeting shall be entitled to
one vote for each share of stock standing in his name on the books of the Corporation upon any date fixed as hereinafter provided, and may vote either in person or by proxy in writing. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Written Authorization</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A shareholder or a shareholder&#146;s duly authorized <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">attorney-in-fact</FONT></FONT> may
execute a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy. Execution may be accomplished by the shareholder or such shareholder&#146;s duly authorized
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">attorney-in-fact</FONT></FONT> or authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such writing or causing such shareholder&#146;s signature to be affixed to such writing by
any reasonable means including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Electronic
Authorization</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary may approve procedures to enable a shareholder or a shareholder&#146;s duly authorized <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">attorney-in-fact</FONT></FONT> to authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of a telegram, cablegram, internet
transmission, telephone transmission or other means of electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will
be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, <I>provided</I> that any such transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which the inspectors of election can determine that the transmission was authorized by
the shareholder or the shareholder&#146;s duly authorized <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">attorney-in-fact.</FONT></FONT> If it is determined that such transmissions are valid, the inspectors shall specify the
information upon which they relied. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.8</U> may be substituted or used in lieu of the original
writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, <I>provided</I> that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original
writing or transmission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Judges or Inspectors of Election</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Corporation shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at a meeting of shareholders of the Corporation and make a written report of the inspector&#146;s
determinations. The Corporation may </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">4 </P>

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designate one or more persons as alternate inspector to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at any meeting of shareholders, the chairman of such
meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. The inspectors shall (a)&nbsp;ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, (b)&nbsp;determine the shares represented at the meeting and the validity of
proxies and ballots, (c)&nbsp;count all votes, (d)&nbsp;determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (e)&nbsp;certify their determination of the number of
shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Conduct of Meeting</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The chairman of the meeting at each meeting of shareholders shall have all the powers and authority vested in presiding officers by law or practice, without
restriction, as well as the authority to conduct an orderly meeting and to impose reasonable limits on the amount of time taken up in remarks by any one shareholder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Advance Notice of Nominations and Shareholder Business</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Annual Meetings of Shareholders</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Nominations of persons for election to the Board of the Corporation and the proposal of business to be
considered by the shareholders may be made at an annual meeting of shareholders only (A)&nbsp;pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto), (B) by or at the direction of the Board or (C)&nbsp;by any shareholder of
the Corporation who (1)&nbsp;was a shareholder of record of the Corporation (and, with respect to any beneficial owner, if different, on whose behalf such nominations or proposal of other business are made, only if such beneficial owner was the
beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation) at the time the notice provided for in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> is delivered to the Secretary and at the time of the annual meeting, (2)&nbsp;is entitled to vote at the meeting, and
(3)&nbsp;complies with the notice procedures set forth in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)(i)(C)</U> shall be the exclusive means for a shareholder to
present proposals (except proposals submitted in accordance with the eligibility and procedural requirements of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act and included in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement) for
consideration by the shareholders at any annual meeting of shareholders. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder pursuant to
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)(i)(C)</U>, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and any such proposed business other than the nominations of persons for election to the Board must constitute a
proper matter for shareholder action. To be timely, a shareholder&#146;s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close
of business on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s annual meeting (in the case of the Corporation&#146;s first annual meeting following the initial public offering of shares of its common stock, not later than
the close of business on the 10th day following the date on which public announcement of such meeting is made by the Corporation); <I>provided, </I> </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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<I>however</I>, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 70 days after such anniversary date, notice by such shareholder must be so delivered
not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of
the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period, or extend any time period, for the giving of a shareholder&#146;s
notice as described above. To be in proper form, a shareholder&#146;s notice to the Secretary must: (A)&nbsp;set forth, as to the shareholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made
(1)&nbsp;the name and address of such shareholder, as they appear on the Corporation&#146;s books, and of such beneficial owner, if any, (2)(I)&nbsp;the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly owned
beneficially and of record by such shareholder and such beneficial owner, (II)&nbsp;any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism
at a price related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to
settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise (a &#147;<U>Derivative Instrument</U>&#148;) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by such shareholder and such beneficial owner and any other direct
or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation, (III)&nbsp;any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such shareholder
and such beneficial owner has a right to vote any shares of any security of the Company, (IV)&nbsp;any short interest in any security of the Corporation (for purposes of this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> a person shall be deemed to have a
short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the
subject security), (V)&nbsp;any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such shareholder and such beneficial owner that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (VI)&nbsp;any
proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, director or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such shareholder and such beneficial owner is a general partner or, directly or indirectly,
beneficially owns an interest in a general partner, and (VII)&nbsp;any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that such shareholder and such beneficial owner is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares
of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including without limitation any such interests held by members of such shareholder and such beneficial owner&#146;s immediate family sharing the same household
(which information shall be supplemented by such shareholder and beneficial owner, if any, not later than 10 days after the record date for the meeting to disclose such ownership as of the record date), (3)&nbsp;any other information relating to
such shareholder and beneficial owner, if any, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of
directors in a contested </TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">6 </P>

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election pursuant to Section&nbsp;14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (4)&nbsp;a statement whether such shareholder or any other person known to the
shareholder will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation&#146;s voting shares required under applicable law to carry the proposal and (5)&nbsp;a representation that the shareholder is a
holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to make the nomination or propose such business specified in the notice before the meeting; (B)&nbsp;if the
notice relates to any business other than a nomination of a director or directors that the shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, set forth (1)&nbsp;a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons
for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest of such shareholder and beneficial owner, if any, in such business, (2)&nbsp;the complete text of any resolutions intended to be presented at the meeting and in the event that
such business includes a proposal to amend the bylaws of the Corporation, the language of the proposed amendment and (3)&nbsp;a description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such shareholder and beneficial owner, if any, and
any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such shareholder; (C)&nbsp;set forth, as to each person, if any, whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the
Board (1)&nbsp;all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election
pursuant to Section&nbsp;14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person&#146;s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected) and
(2)&nbsp;a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such shareholder and the
beneficial owner, if any, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith,
on the other hand, including, without limitation all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Rule 404 promulgated under Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> under the Exchange Act if the shareholder making
the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made, if any, or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the &#147;registrant&#148; for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a
director or executive officer of such registration; and (D)&nbsp;with respect to each nominee for election or reelection to the Board, include a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.12</U>. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an
independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable shareholder&#146;s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no disclosure shall be required with respect to
ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is proposing business solely as a result of being the shareholder of record or nominee holder that is directed to prepare and submit the
shareholder&#146;s notice required </TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">7 </P>

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by these Bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner. The foregoing notice requirements shall be deemed satisfied by a shareholder if the shareholder has notified the Corporation of his, her or its
intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> (or any successor thereof) promulgated under the Exchange Act and such shareholder&#146;s proposal has been included in a
proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of
such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation. </TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)(ii)</U> to the
contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board at an annual meeting is increased and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least 100 days prior to
the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s annual meeting, a shareholder&#146;s notice required by this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional
directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>Special Meetings of Shareholders</U>. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of
shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of shareholders at which directors are to be elected
pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting (i)&nbsp;by or at the direction of the Board or (ii)<I>&nbsp;provided</I> that the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any shareholder of the Corporation who
is a shareholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> is delivered to the Secretary, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election and who complies with the notice procedures
set forth in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board, any such shareholder entitled to vote in such election of
directors may nominate a person or persons, as the case may be, for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting, if the shareholder&#146;s notice required by <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)(ii)</U> is
delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such special meeting, and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to
such special meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the public announcement
of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period, or extend any time period, for giving of a shareholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(c)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>General</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> shall be eligible at an annual or special meeting of shareholders of the </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
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Corporation to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth
in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>. Except as otherwise provided by law, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty (A)&nbsp;to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was
made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> (including whether the shareholder or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made
solicited (or is part of a group which solicited) or did not so solicit, as the case may be, proxies in support of such shareholder&#146;s nominee or proposal in compliance with such shareholder&#146;s representation as required by
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11(a)(ii)(C)</U>) and (B)&nbsp;to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>, if the shareholder (or a designated representative of the shareholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of shareholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or business, such nomination
shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. </TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">For purposes of this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>, &#147;public announcement&#148; shall include
disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;<U>SEC</U>&#148;)
pursuant to Section&nbsp;13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>, a shareholder shall
also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>. Nothing in this <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>
shall be deemed to affect any rights of (A)&nbsp;shareholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act or (B)&nbsp;the holders
of any series of preferred stock, if any, to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Articles. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A shareholder must further update and supplement the notice required by this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to notice of the meeting and
as of the date that is 10 business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary not later than five business days after the record date for determining the
shareholders entitled to notice of the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than five business days prior to the date of the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or
postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of 10 business days prior to the
meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof). </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">9 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Submission of Questionnaire, Representation and
Agreement</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">To be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation, a person must deliver (in accordance with the
time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U>) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such
person and the background of any other person or entity on which behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by
the Secretary upon written request) (the &#147;<U>Agreement</U>&#148;), which Agreement (a)&nbsp;shall provide that such person (i)&nbsp;is not and will not become a party to (A)&nbsp;any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not
given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &#147;<U>Voting Commitment</U>&#148;) that has not been disclosed to the
Corporation or (B)&nbsp;any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person&#146;s ability to comply, if elected as director of the Corporation, with such person&#146;s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (ii)&nbsp;is not and
will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as
a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and (iii)&nbsp;in such person&#146;s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director
of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation (copies of which shall be provided by
the Secretary upon written request) (subject to any waivers or exemptions granted pursuant to a resolution of the majority of the disinterested members of the Board) and (b)&nbsp;if such person is at the time a director or is subsequently elected as
a director of the Corporation, shall include such person&#146;s irrevocable resignation as a director if such person is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to have breached the Agreement in any material respect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE II </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">BOARD OF DIRECTORS
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>General Powers</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The property, affairs and business of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board, and, except as otherwise expressly provided by law,
the Articles or these Bylaws, all of the powers of the Corporation shall be vested in such Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Number, Term, Election</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The number of directors constituting the Board shall be designated by resolution of the Board, but shall not be
more than 10; <I>provided</I> that no decrease in the number of directors shall shorten or terminate the term of any incumbent director. No director need be a shareholder. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Directors shall hold their offices until their terms have expired and until their successors are elected.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">10 </P>

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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(c)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The directors shall be elected by the shareholders of the Corporation. The election of directors is subject to
any provisions contained in the Articles relating thereto, including any provisions for cumulative voting. A nominee for director shall be elected to the Board if the votes cast for such nominee&#146;s election exceed the votes cast against such
nominee&#146;s election; <I>provided, however</I>, that directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of the shareholders for which (i)&nbsp;the Secretary receives a notice that a shareholder has nominated a person for
election to the Board in compliance with the advance notice requirements for shareholder nominees for director set forth in <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;1.11</U> and (ii)&nbsp;such nomination has not been withdrawn by such shareholder on or prior
to the 10th day preceding the date the Corporation first mails its notice of meeting for such meeting to the shareholders (a &#147;<U>contested election</U>&#148;). If directors are to be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, the shareholders
shall not be permitted to vote against a nominee. The Board has established procedures set forth in the Corporate Governance Guidelines under which in any <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-contested</FONT> election of directors, any incumbent
director nominee who receives a greater number of votes cast against his or her election than in favor of his or her election shall tender his or her resignation, and the Board shall decide, through a process managed by the Committee (as defined in
the Corporate Governance Guidelines) whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. Any vacancy resulting from the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-election</FONT> of a director under this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;2.2(c)</U> may be filled by the Board as provided in <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;2.3</U>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors or vacancies occurring in the Board for any reason shall be filled by the
majority vote of the remaining directors of the Corporation, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director elected to fill a newly created directorship or to fill any vacancy shall hold office until the next annual meeting
of shareholders and until his successor, if any, has been elected and qualified. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Compensation</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each director, in consideration of his serving as such, shall be entitled to receive from the Corporation such amount per annum or such fees for attendance at
Board and Committee meetings, or both, in cash or other property, including securities of the Corporation, as the Board shall from time to time determine, together with reimbursements for the reasonable expenses incurred by him in connection with
the performance of his duties. Nothing contained herein shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation, or any subsidiary or affiliated corporation, in any other capacity and receiving proper compensation therefor. If the Board adopts a
resolution to that effect, any director may elect to defer all or any part of the annual and other fees hereinabove referred to for such period and on such terms and conditions as shall be permitted by such resolution. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">11 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Place of Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Board may hold its meetings at such place or places within or without the Commonwealth of Virginia as it may from time to time by resolution determine or
as shall be specified or fixed in the respective notices or waivers of notice thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Organization Meeting</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">As soon as practicable after each annual election of directors, the newly constituted Board shall meet for the purposes of organization. At such organization
meeting, the newly constituted Board shall elect officers of the Corporation and transact such other business as shall come before the meeting. Notice of organization meetings of the Board need not be given. Any organization meeting may be held at
any other time or place which shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board, or in a waiver of notice thereof signed by all the directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Regular Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Regular meetings of the Board may be held at such time and place as may from time to time be specified in a resolution adopted by the Board then in effect;
and, unless otherwise required by such resolution, or by law, notice of any such regular meeting need not be given. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Special Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Special meetings of the Board shall be held whenever called by the Chief Executive Officer, or by the Secretary at the request of a majority of the directors
then in office. Notice of a special meeting shall be mailed to each director, addressed to him at his residence or usual place of business, not later than the second day before the day on which such meeting is to be held, or shall be sent to him by
electronic transmission, or be delivered personally or by telephone, not later than the day before the day on which such meeting is to be held. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the Board
need be specified in the notice of such meeting, unless required by the Articles. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U> Electronic
Notice</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notice of the date, time, place or purpose of any meeting of the Board, if required, may be given by a form of electronic transmission. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Quorum</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">At each meeting of the Board the presence of a majority of the number of directors fixed by these Bylaws shall be necessary to constitute a quorum. The act of
a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum shall be present shall be the act of the Board, except as may be otherwise provided by law or by these Bylaws. Any meeting of the Board may be adjourned by a majority vote of the
directors present at such meeting. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">12 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Waivers of Notice of Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws or in any resolution adopted by the Board to the contrary, notice of any meeting of the Board need not be given to any
director if such notice shall be waived in writing signed by such director before, at or after the meeting, or if such director shall be present at the meeting. Any meeting of the Board shall be a legal meeting without any notice having been given
or regardless of the giving of any notice or the adoption of any resolution in reference thereto, if every member of the Board shall be present thereat. Except as otherwise provided by law or these Bylaws, waivers of notice of any meeting of the
Board need not contain any statement of the purpose of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Telephone Meetings</U>.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Members of the Board or any committee may participate in a meeting of the Board or such committee by means of a conference telephone or other means of
communications whereby all directors participating may simultaneously hear each other during the meeting, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Actions Without Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any action that may be taken at a meeting of the Board or of a committee may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action,
shall be signed, either before or after such action, by all of the directors or all of the members of the committee, as the case may be. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote. For purposes of this
<U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;2.13</U>, such written consent and the signing thereof may be accomplished by one or more electronic transmissions. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE III </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">COMMITTEES </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Compensation Committee</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board, at its annual organizational meeting, shall designate a Compensation Committee, which shall consist
of three or more directors each of whom shall satisfy the independence requirements of The New York Stock Market (&#147;<U>NYSE</U>&#148;) and the SEC as then in effect and applicable to the Corporation. The responsibilities of the Compensation
Committee shall be set forth in the Committee&#146;s Charter as approved by the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Compensation Committee shall fix its own rules of procedure. The Compensation Committee shall keep minutes
of its meetings, and all action taken by it shall be reported to the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.2.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Audit Committee</U>. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board, at its annual organizational meeting, shall designate an Audit Committee, which shall consist of
three or more directors each of whom shall satisfy the independence requirements of NYSE and the SEC, as then in effect and applicable to the Corporation. The responsibilities of the Audit Committee shall be set forth in the Committee&#146;s Charter
as approved by the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">13 </P>

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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Audit Committee shall fix its own rules of procedure. The Audit Committee shall keep minutes of all of its
meetings and all action taken by it shall be reported to the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.3.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Nominating and Governance Committee</U>. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board, at its annual organizational meeting, shall designate a Nominating and Governance Committee, which
shall consist of three or more directors each of whom shall satisfy the independence requirements of NYSE and the SEC, as then in effect and applicable to the Corporation. The responsibilities of the Nominating and Governance Committee shall be set
forth in the Committee&#146;s Charter as approved by the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Nominating and Governance Committee shall fix its own rules of procedure. The Nominating and Governance
Committee shall keep minutes of all of its meetings and all action taken by it shall be reported to the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.4. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Other Committees</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Board, by resolution adopted by a majority of the number of directors fixed by these Bylaws, may establish such other committees of the Board as it may
deem advisable and the members, terms and authority of such committees shall be as set forth in the resolutions establishing the same. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Meetings</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Regular and special meetings of any Committee established pursuant to this <U>Article III</U> may be called and held subject to the same requirements with
respect to time, place and notice as are specified in these Bylaws for regular and special meetings of the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.6.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Quorum and Manner of Acting</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, a majority of the members of any Committee
serving at the time of any meeting thereof shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting. Except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, the action of a majority of those members present at a Committee meeting at which a
quorum is present shall constitute the act of the Committee. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.7. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Term of Office</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Members of any Committee shall be designated as above provided and shall hold office until their successors are designated by the Board or until such Committee
is dissolved by the Board. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">14 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.8. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Resignation and Removal</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any member of a Committee may resign at any time by giving written notice of his intention to do so to the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary of the
Corporation, or may be removed, with or without cause, at any time by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.9.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Vacancies.</U> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any vacancy occurring in a Committee resulting from any cause whatever shall be filled by a majority of the
number of directors fixed by these Bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE IV </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">OFFICERS </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.1.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Number, Term, Election</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The officers of the Corporation shall be a Chief Executive Officer, a Chairman of the Board, a
Chief Financial Officer, and a Secretary. The Board may appoint such other officers and such assistant officers and agents with such powers and duties as the Board may find necessary or convenient to carry on the business of the Corporation. Such
officers and assistant officers shall serve until their successors shall be elected and qualify, or as otherwise provided in these Bylaws. The Chairman of the Board shall be chosen from among the Directors. Any two or more offices may be held by the
same person. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.2. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Duties</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The officers of the Corporation shall have such duties as generally pertain to their offices, respectively, as well as such powers and duties as are prescribed
by law or are hereinafter provided or as from time to time shall be conferred by the Board. The Board may require any officer to give such bond for the faithful performance of his or her duties as the Board may see fit. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.3. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chairman of the Board</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board and of the shareholders. In the event of the Chairman of the Board&#146;s temporary
absence or disability and the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman of the Board shall have the power to designate any director to preside at any or all meetings of the shareholders and of the Board. The Chairman of the
Board, the Chief Executive Officer or, in the event of the Chairman of the Board&#146;s temporary absence or disability and the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer, the director designated by the Chairman of the Board shall have the
authority to adjourn meetings of shareholders from time to time in his or her discretion without notice to the shareholders other than by announcement at the meeting. He or she shall perform such other duties and exercise such other powers as may
from time to time be prescribed by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.4. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chief Executive Officer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Executive Officer shall, subject to the control of the Board, have full authority and responsibility for directing the conduct of the business,
affairs and operations of the Corporation. In addition to acting as Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, he or she shall perform such </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">15 </P>

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other duties and exercise such other powers as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board are carried into effect. In the event of
the inability of the Chief Executive Officer to act, the Board will designate an officer of the Corporation to perform the duties of that office. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer shall preside at all corporate
meetings. The Chief Executive Officer may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation share certificates, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts or other instruments except in cases where the signing and the execution thereof shall be expressly
delegated by the Board by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed. In addition, the Chief Executive Officer shall perform all duties incident to the office of the
Chief Executive Officer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.5.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>President</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The President, if any, shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by
the Board or, if he or she shall not be the Chief Executive Officer, by the Chief Executive Officer. The President may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts and other instruments, except in cases where
the signing and the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.6. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chief Operating Officer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation, if any, shall perform such senior duties in connection with the operations of the Corporation as the Board or
the Chief Executive Officer shall from time to time determine, and shall report directly to the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Operating Officer shall, when requested, counsel with and advise the other officers of the Corporation and shall
perform such other duties as may be agreed with the Chief Executive Officer or as the Board may from time to time determine. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.7. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chief Science Officer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Science Officer shall be the principal science officer of the Corporation in charge of research and new technology development, shall assist the
Chief Executive Officer in all science-related aspects of the Corporation and shall perform such other senior duties in connection therewith as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer shall from time to time determine. The Chief Science Officer
shall report directly to the Chief Executive Officer and shall, when requested, counsel with and advise the other officers of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties as may be agreed with the Chief Executive Officer or as the Board may
from time to time determine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.8. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chief Financial Officer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Financial Officer shall be the principal accounting officer of the Corporation and shall have the general care and custody of the funds and
securities of the Corporation. He or she shall keep full and accurate accounts of all assets, liabilities, receipts and disbursements and other transactions of the Corporation and cause regular audits of the books and records of the
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">16 </P>

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Corporation to be made. The Chief Financial Officer shall be responsible for (a)&nbsp;maintaining adequate financial accounts and records in accordance with generally accepted accounting
practices, (b)&nbsp;the Corporation&#146;s internal control over financial reporting, (c)&nbsp;the preparation of appropriate operating budgets and financial statements, and (d)&nbsp;the preparation and filing of all tax returns required by law. He
or she shall also perform such other duties and exercise such other powers as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board, the Audit Committee, the Chief Executive Officer or any officer to whom the Chief Executive Officer may have delegated
such authority. If the Board shall so determine, he or she shall give a bond for the faithful performance of his or her duties, in such sum as the Board may determine to be proper, the expense of which shall be borne by the Corporation. To such
extent as the Board shall deem proper, the duties of the Chief Financial Officer may be performed by one or more assistants, to be appointed by the Board. The Chief Financial Officer may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation share
certificates, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts or other instruments, except in cases where the signing and the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or
shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.9. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Chief Legal Officer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Legal Officer of the Corporation, if any, shall be the principal legal officer of the Corporation in charge of the Corporation&#146;s legal affairs,
shall assist the Chief Executive Officer in all legal-related aspects of the Corporation and shall perform such senior duties in connection therewith as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer shall from time to time determine. The Chief Legal
Officer shall report directly to the Chief Executive Officer and shall, when requested, counsel with and advise the other officers of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties as may be agreed with the Chief Executive Officer or as the
Board may from time to time determine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.10. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Senior Vice President</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each Senior Vice President of the Corporation, if any, shall have powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to such Senior Vice President by the
Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. When there shall be more than one Senior Vice President of the Corporation, the Board of Directors may from time to time designate one of them to perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer in
the absence of the Chief Executive Officer. Any Senior Vice President of the Corporation may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation only such documents, contracts and other instruments as are within the scope of such Senior Vice
President&#146;s responsibility as may be agreed with the Chief Executive Officer or as the Board may from time to time determine. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.11. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Vice Presidents</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each Vice President, if any, shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or
any officer to whom the Chief Executive Officer may have delegated such authority. Any Vice President of the Corporation may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts and other instruments, except in cases
where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">17 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.12. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Treasurer</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Treasurer, if any, shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the
Chief Financial Officer, the President or any officer to whom the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the President may have delegated such authority. If the Board shall so determine, he or she shall give a bond for the faithful
performance of his or her duties, in such sum as the Board may determine to be proper, the expense of which shall be borne by the Corporation. To such extent as the Board shall deem proper, the duties of the Treasurer may be performed by one or more
assistants, to be appointed by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.13. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Secretary</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Secretary shall act as secretary of all meetings of the Board and shareholders of the Corporation. When requested, the Secretary shall also act as
secretary of the meetings of the committees of the Board. The Secretary shall keep and preserve the minutes of all such meetings in permanent books. The Secretary shall see that all notices required to be given by the Corporation are duly given and
served; shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation and shall affix the seal or cause it to be affixed to all share certificates of the Corporation and to all documents the execution of which on behalf of the Corporation under its corporate
seal is duly authorized in accordance with law or the provisions of these Bylaws; shall have custody of all deeds, leases, contracts and other important corporate documents; shall have charge of the books, records and papers of the Corporation
relating to its organization and management as a Corporation; and shall see that all reports, statements and other documents required by law (except tax returns) are properly filed. He or she shall also perform such other duties and exercise such
other powers as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or any officer to whom the Chief Executive Officer may have delegated such authority. To such extent as the Board shall deem proper, the duties of the
Secretary may be performed by one or more assistants, to be appointed by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE V </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">REMOVALS AND RESIGNATIONS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.1. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Removal of Officers</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any officer, assistant officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed at any time, either with or without cause, by the Board in its absolute discretion.
Any such removal shall be without prejudice to the recovery of damages for breach of the contract rights, if any, of the officer, assistant officer or agent removed. Election or appointment of an officer, assistant officer or agent shall not of
itself create contract rights. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">18 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.2. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Resignation</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any director, officer or assistant officer of the Corporation may resign as such at any time by giving written notice of his resignation to the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if no time is specified therein, at the time of delivery thereof, and, unless otherwise specified therein, the
acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.3. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Vacancies</U>.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any vacancy in the office of any officer or assistant officer caused by death, resignation, removal or any other cause, may be filled by the Board for the
unexpired portion of the term. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VI </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS, DRAFTS, DEPOSITS, ETC. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.1. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Execution of Contracts</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as otherwise provided by law or by these Bylaws, the Board (i)&nbsp;may authorize any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation to execute and
deliver any contract, agreement or other instrument in writing in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, and (ii)&nbsp;may authorize any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation so authorized by the Board to delegate such authority by
written instrument to other officers, employees or agents of the Corporation. Any such authorization by the Board may be general or specific and shall be subject to such limitations and restrictions as may be imposed by the Board. Any such
delegation of authority by an officer, employee or agent may be general or specific, may authorize <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">re-delegation,</FONT> and shall be subject to such limitations and restrictions as may be imposed in the written
instrument of delegation by the person making such delegation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.2. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Loans</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the Corporation and no negotiable paper shall be issued in its name unless authorized by the Board. When authorized
by the Board, any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation may effect loans and advances at any time for the Corporation from any bank, trust company or other institution, or from any firm, corporation or individual, and for such loans and
advances may make, execute and deliver promissory notes, bonds or other certificates or evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation and when so authorized may pledge, hypothecate or transfer any securities or other property of the Corporation as
security for any such loans or advances. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.3.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Checks, Drafts, etc</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">All checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money out of the funds of the Corporation and
all notes or other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation shall be signed on behalf of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">19 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.4. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Deposits</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Corporation in such banks, trust companies or
other depositories as the Board may select or as may be selected by the Treasurer or any other officer, employee or agent of the Corporation to whom such power may from time to time be delegated by the Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.5. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Voting of Securities</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time appoint an attorney or attorneys, or agent or agents of the
Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as the holder of stock or other securities in any other corporation or other entity, any of whose stock or other securities
may be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of the stock or other securities of such other corporation or other entity, or to consent in writing, in the name of the Corporation as such holder, to any action by such other corporation
or other entity, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to be executed in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal, or
otherwise, all such written proxies or other instruments as such officer may deem necessary or proper in the premises. In lieu of such appointment, the Chief Executive Officer may himself attend any meetings of the holders of shares or other
securities of any such other corporation and there vote or exercise any or all power of the Corporation as the holder of such shares or other securities of such other corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VII </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">CAPITAL STOCK </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.1. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Shares</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Shares of the Corporation may but need not be represented by certificates. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) When shares are represented by certificates, the Corporation shall issue such certificates in such form as shall be required by the VSCA and as determined
by the Board, to every shareholder for the fully paid shares owned by such shareholder. Each certificate shall be signed by, or shall bear the facsimile signature of, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman of the Board, the President or a Vice
President and the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation and may bear the corporate seal of the Corporation or its facsimile. All certificates for the Corporation&#146;s shares shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) The name and address of the person to whom shares (whether or not represented by a certificate) are issued, with the number of shares and date of
issue, shall be entered on the share transfer books of the Corporation. Such information may be stored or retained on discs, tapes, cards or any other approved storage device relating to data processing equipment; <I>provided</I> that such device is
capable of reproducing all information contained therein in legible and understandable form, for inspection by shareholders or for any other corporate purpose. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) When shares are not represented by certificates, then within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of such shares, the Corporation shall send
the shareholder to whom such shares have been issued or transferred a written statement of the information required by the VSCA to be included on certificates. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">20 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.2. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Stock Transfer Books and Transfer of
Shares</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Corporation, or its designated transfer agent or other agent, shall keep a book or set of books to be known as the stock transfer books of
the Corporation, containing the name of each shareholder of record, together with such shareholder&#146;s address and the number and class or series of shares held by such shareholder. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be transferable on the
stock books of the Corporation by the holder in person or by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary or the transfer agent, but, except as hereinafter provided in the case of loss,
destruction or mutilation of certificates, no transfer of stock shall be entered until the previous certificate, if any, given for the same shall have been surrendered and canceled. Transfer of shares of the Corporation represented by certificates
shall be made on the stock transfer books of the Corporation only upon surrender of the certificates for the shares sought to be transferred by the holder of record thereof or by such holder&#146;s duly authorized agent, transferee or legal
representative, who shall furnish proper evidence of authority to transfer with the Secretary of the Corporation or its designated transfer agent or other agent. All certificates surrendered for transfer shall be canceled before new certificates for
the transferred shares shall be issued. Except as otherwise provided by law, no transfer of shares shall be valid as against the Corporation, its shareholders or creditors, for any purpose, until it shall have been entered in the stock records of
the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.3. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Holder of Record</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as otherwise required by the VSCA, the Corporation may treat the person in whose name shares of stock of the Corporation (whether or not represented by
a certificate) stand of record on its books or the books of any transfer agent or other agent designated by the Board as the absolute owner of the shares and the person exclusively entitled to receive notification and distributions, to vote, and to
otherwise exercise the rights, powers and privileges of ownership of such shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.4. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Record
Date</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or
entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose, the Board may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders, such date in any case
to be not more than 70 days prior to the date on which the particular action, requiring such determination of shareholders, is to be taken. If no record date is fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a
meeting of shareholders, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notices of the meeting are mailed or the date on which the resolution of the Board declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be
the record date for such determination of shareholders. When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof unless
the Board fixes a new record date, which it shall do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than 120 days after the date fixed for the original meeting. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">21 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.5. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Lost, Destroyed or Mutilated Certificates</U>.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In case of loss, destruction or mutilation of any certificate of stock, another may be issued in its place upon proof of such loss, destruction or
mutilation and upon the giving of a bond of indemnity to the Corporation in such form and in such sum as the Board may direct; <I>provided</I> that a new certificate may be issued without requiring any bond when, in the judgment of the Board, it is
proper so to do. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.6. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Transfer Agent and Registrar; Regulations</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Corporation may, if and whenever the Board so determines, maintain in the Commonwealth of Virginia or any other state of the United States, one or more
transfer offices or agencies and also one or more registry offices which offices and agencies may establish rules and regulations for the issue, transfer and registration of certificates. No certificates for shares of stock of the Corporation in
respect of which a transfer agent and registrar shall have been designated shall be valid unless countersigned by such transfer agent and registered by such registrar. The Board may also make such additional rules and regulations as it may deem
expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of shares represented by certificates and shares without certificates. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE
VIII </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">INSPECTION OF RECORDS </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Board from
time to time shall determine whether, to what extent, at what times and places, and under what conditions and regulations the accounts and books and papers of the Corporation, or any of them, shall be open for the inspection of the shareholders, and
no shareholder shall have any right to inspect any account or book or paper of the Corporation except as expressly conferred by statute or by these Bylaws or authorized by the Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE IX </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">SEAL </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Board may authorize the use of a corporate seal, but failure to use the seal shall not affect the validity of any instrument. The use of a facsimile of a
seal, or the affixing of a scroll by way of a seal or the execution of a document containing words importing a sealed document shall be of the same force as if actually sealed by physically affixing an impression of a seal. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE X </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">FISCAL YEAR </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the period beginning on January&nbsp;1st and ending on December&nbsp;31st of each calendar year, unless changed by
resolution of the Board. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">22 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE XI </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">EXCLUSIVE FORUM </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the Corporation consents
in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria Division, or in the event that court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to hear such action, the Circuit Court of
the County of Fairfax, Virginia, shall be the sole and exclusive forum of (i)&nbsp;any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii)&nbsp;any action for breach of duty to the Corporation or the Corporation&#146;s
shareholders by any current or former officer or other employee or agent or director of the Corporation, (iii)&nbsp;any action against the Corporation or any current or former officer or other employee or agent or director of the Corporation arising
pursuant to any provision of the VSCA (as it may be amended from time to time) or the Articles or these Bylaws (as either may be amended from time to time), or (iv)&nbsp;any action against the Corporation or any current or former officer or other
employee or agent or director of the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE XII </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">SEVERABILITY </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any provision of these Bylaws
shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provision in any
other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of these Bylaws (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities or circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE XIII </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">EMERGENCY BYLAWS
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;13.1. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Definitions</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">As used in these Emergency Bylaws, </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) the term &#147;period of
emergency&#148; shall mean any period during which a quorum of the Board cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) the term
&#147;incapacitated&#148; shall mean that the individual to whom such term is applied shall not have been determined to be dead but shall be missing or unable to discharge the responsibilities of his office; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) the term &#147;senior officer&#146;&#146; shall mean the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, any President,
any Vice President, any Treasurer and the Secretary, and any other person who may have been so designated by the Board before the emergency. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">23 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;13.2. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Applicability</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">These Emergency Bylaws, as from time to time amended, shall be operative only during any period of emergency.
To the extent not inconsistent with these Emergency Bylaws, all provisions of the regular Bylaws of the Corporation shall remain in effect during any period of emergency. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">No officer, director or employee shall be liable for actions taken in good faith in accordance with these
Emergency Bylaws. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;13.3. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Board of Directors</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A meeting of the Board may be called by any director or senior officer of the Corporation. Notice of any
meeting of the Board need be given only to such of the directors as it may be feasible to reach at the time and by such means as may be feasible at the time, including publication or radio, and at a time less than 24 hours before the meeting if
deemed necessary by the person giving notice. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">At any meeting of the Board, three directors in attendance shall constitute a quorum. Any act of a majority of
the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum shall be present shall be the act of the Board. If less than three directors should be present at a meeting of the Board, any senior officer of the Corporation in attendance at such meeting shall
serve as a director for such meeting, selected in order of rank and within the same rank in order of seniority. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(c)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">In addition to the Board&#146;s powers under the regular Bylaws of the Corporation to fill vacancies on the
Board, the Board may elect any individual as a director to replace any director who may be incapacitated and to serve until the latter ceases to be incapacitated or until the termination of the period of emergency, whichever first occurs. In
considering officers of the Corporation for election to the Board, the rank and seniority of individual officers shall not be pertinent. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(d)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board, during as well as before any such emergency, may change the principal office or designate several
alternative offices or authorize the officers to do so. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;13.4. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Appointment of
Officers</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In addition to the Board&#146;s powers under the regular Bylaws of the Corporation with respect to the election of officers, the Board may
elect any individual as an officer to replace any officer who may be incapacitated and to serve until the latter ceases to be incapacitated. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section 13.5. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Amendments.</U> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">These Emergency Bylaws shall be subject to repeal or change by further action of the Board or by action of the shareholders, except that no such repeal or
change shall modify the provisions of <U>Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;13.2(b)</U> with regard to action or inaction prior to the time of such repeal or change. Any such amendment of these Emergency Bylaws may make any further or different provision
that may be practical and necessary for the circumstances of the emergency. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">24 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 99.1 </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt" ALIGN="center">


<IMG SRC="g876809g0204023439420.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PRECIGEN COMPLETES SERIES OF TRANSACTIONS TO SOLIDIFY HEALTHCARE FOCUS </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center> <P STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</P></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><I>- Company on Track to Advance Next-Generation Gene&nbsp;&amp; Cell Therapies - </I></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><I>- Company Name Changes to Precigen from Intrexon and Ticker Symbol to Nasdaq: PGEN - </I></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>GERMANTOWN, Md.,</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;Feb.</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3, 2020</B>&nbsp;&#151; Precigen, Inc. (Nasdaq: PGEN), a biopharmaceutical company specializing
in the development of innovative gene and cell therapies to improve the lives of patients, today announced the closing of its previously announced sale of a number of its bioengineering assets and the related sale of $35&nbsp;million of its common
stock to an affiliate of Third Security LLC. Additionally, effective February&nbsp;1, 2020, the Company has changed its name to Precigen, Inc. from Intrexon Corporation and its Nasdaq stock symbol to PGEN from XON. The new Precigen enters 2020 with
a promising portfolio of investigational gene and cell therapies, derived from the Company&#146;s transformative therapeutic platforms, including UltraCAR-T<SUP STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>, AdenoVerse<SUP
STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP> cytokine therapies, multifunctional therapeutics and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">off-the-shelf</FONT></FONT> AdenoVerse<SUP
STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP> immunotherapies, as well as innovative approaches from our subsidiaries ActoBio Therapeutics, Exemplar Genetics, and Triple-Gene. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;With multiple data read-outs on track for our internal pipeline and partnered programs, we believe 2020 will be an exciting year for Precigen,&#148;
said Helen Sabzevari, Ph.D., President and CEO of Precigen. &#147;At the same time, we plan to further optimize our portfolio this year through a renewed commitment to financial rigor and fiscal discipline.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;We are particularly enthusiastic about the opportunity to advance our UltraCAR-T platform as current <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">CAR-T</FONT>
treatments rely on a long, complex, and relatively inefficient manufacturing process that delays treatment for cancer patients and leads to high pricing. By contrast, UltraCAR-T is designed to overcome many of these obstacles by eliminating the need
for<I>&nbsp;ex vivo</I>&nbsp;expansion, reducing overall manufacturing time, and enabling patients to be treated with <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">CAR-T</FONT> therapy only one day after <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-viral</FONT> gene
transfer at the cancer center. <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">UltraCAR-T</FONT> has the potential to democratize patient care by simplifying this life-saving cancer immunotherapy which should improve availability throughout the world,&#148; added
Dr.&nbsp;Sabzevari. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Two <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-healthcare</FONT> businesses remain with Precigen and the Company will continue to evaluate
strategic and operational options for these businesses. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dr.&nbsp;Sabzevari presented an overview of Precigen at the 38<SUP
STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> Annual J.P. Morgan Healthcare Conference on January&nbsp;14, 2020, and a replay of the presentation is available on Precigen&#146;s website in the Events section at
<U>https://investors.precigen.com/press-events/event-calendar.</U> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Precigen: Advancing Medicine with Precision<SUP STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Precigen (Nasdaq: PGEN) is a dedicated discovery and clinical stage biopharmaceutical company advancing the next generation of gene and cell therapies
using precision technology to target the most urgent and intractable diseases in immuno-oncology, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Our technologies enable us to find innovative solutions for affordable biotherapeutics in a controlled
manner. Precigen operates as an innovation engine progressing a preclinical and clinical pipeline of well-differentiated unique therapies toward clinical
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">proof-of-concept</FONT></FONT> and commercialization. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For more information about
Precigen, visit <U>www.precigen.com</U> or follow us on Twitter <U>@Precigen</U> and <U>LinkedIn</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Safe Harbor Statement </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Some of the statements made in this press release are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon our current expectations and
projections about future events and generally relate to plans, objectives, and expectations for the development of our business, including the timing and progress of preclinical and clinical trials and discovery programs, the promise of the
Company&#146;s portfolio of therapies, the Company&#146;s refocus to a heathcare-oriented business, and its continuing evaluation of options for the Company&#146;s <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-healthcare</FONT> businesses. Although
management believes that the plans and objectives reflected in or suggested by these forward-looking statements are reasonable, all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and actual future results may be materially different from
the plans, objectives and expectations expressed in this press release. For a discussion of these risks and uncertainties, and other important factors, any of which could cause the Company&#146;s actual results to differ from those contained in the
forward-looking statements, see the section entitled &#147;Risk Factors&#148; in the Company&#146;s Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> for the fiscal year ended December&nbsp;31, 2018 and subsequent reports filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Investor Contact:</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Steven Harasym</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Vice&nbsp;President,&nbsp;Investor&nbsp;Relations</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Tel: +1 (301) <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">556-9850</FONT></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><U>investors@precigen.com</U></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Corporate Contact:</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Marie Rossi, PhD</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Vice President, Communications</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Tel: +1 (301) <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">556-9850</FONT></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><U>press@precigen.com</U></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
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<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Media Contact:</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Glenn Silver</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Lazar-FINN</FONT> Partners</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Tel:
+1 (973) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">818-8198</FONT></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><U>gsilver@lazarpartners.com</U></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"># # # </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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</link:linkbase>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>xon-20200130_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>g876809g0204023439420.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>0001193125-20-023400-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.3.a.u2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6628369632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 30, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001356090<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jan. 30,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">PRECIGEN, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">VA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-36042<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">26-0084895<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">20374 Seneca Meadows Parkway<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Germantown<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MD<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">20876<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(301)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">556-9900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName', window );">Entity Information, Former Legal or Registered Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Intrexon Corporation<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, No Par Value<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PGEN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Former Legal or Registered Name of an entity</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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