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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Components of Loss Before Income Taxes | The components of loss from continuing operations before income taxes are presented below:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Domestic | $ | (97,313) |  |  | $ | (167,990) |  |  | $ | (394,580) |
Foreign | (6,542) |  |  | (3,274) |  |  | (1,332) |
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | (103,855) |  |  | $ | (171,264) |  |  | $ | (395,912) |
Components of Income Tax Benefit | The components of income tax benefit from continuing operations are presented below:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
United States federal income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (31) |
Deferred | 37 |  |  | (561) |  |  | (11,855) |
Foreign income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Current | 74 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 68 |
Deferred | (204) |  |  | (230) |  |  | 635 |
State income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Current | — |  |  | — |  |  | 113 |
Deferred | 11 |  |  | (173) |  |  | (4,355) |
Income tax benefit from continuing operations | $ | (82) |  |  | $ | (930) |  |  | $ | (15,425) |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | Income tax benefit from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 differed from amounts computed by applying the applicable United States federal corporate income tax rate of 21% to loss before income taxes as a result of the following:
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Computed statutory income tax benefit from continuing operations | $ | (21,810) |  |  | $ | (35,965) |  |  | $ | (83,141) |
State and provincial income tax benefit, net of federal income taxes | (5,167) |  |  | (5,494) |  |  | (21,717) |
Nondeductible stock based compensation | 5,709 |  |  | 10,303 |  |  | 4,696 |
Nondeductible officer compensation | 728 |  |  | 595 |  |  | 294 |
Impairment of goodwill | — |  |  | 273 |  |  | — |
Research and development tax incentives | (524) |  |  | (1,772) |  |  | (185) |
Acquisition and internal restructuring transaction costs | — |  |  | 260 |  |  | 52 |
Reacquired in-process research and development | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,696 |
Change in deferred state tax rate | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,666 |
United States-foreign rate differential | (21) |  |  | (76) |  |  | 215 |
Other, net | (306) |  |  | (72) |  |  | (3,517) |
| (21,391) |  |  | (31,948) |  |  | (91,941) |
Change in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets | 21,309 |  |  | 31,018 |  |  | 76,516 |
Total income tax benefit from continuing operations | $ | (82) |  |  | $ | (930) |  |  | $ | (15,425) |
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | The tax effects of temporary differences that comprise the deferred tax assets and liabilities included in continuing operations as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, are as follows:
| 2020 |  | 2019
Deferred tax assets |  |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 1,816 |  |  | $ | 2,140 |
Inventory | 289 |  |  | 415 |
Equity securities and investments in affiliates | 570 |  |  | 11,933 |
Property, plant and equipment | 1,882 |  |  | 1,830 |
Intangible assets | 74,981 |  |  | 85,308 |
Accrued liabilities | 1,834 |  |  | 3,385 |
Lease liabilities | 6,140 |  |  | 10,035 |
Stock-based compensation | 16,402 |  |  | 19,389 |
Deferred revenue | 7,423 |  |  | 14,876 |
Research and development tax credits | 10,210 |  |  | 9,686 |
Investments in subsidiaries included in discontinued operations | — |  |  | 8,592 |
Net operating, capital loss, and interest expense carryforwards | 275,519 |  |  | 196,663 |
Total deferred tax assets | 397,066 |  |  | 364,252 |
Less: Valuation allowance | 387,348 |  |  | 349,008 |
Net deferred tax assets | 9,718 |  |  | 15,244 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |
Right-of-use assets | 5,011 |  |  | 8,091 |
Long-term debt | 7,604 |  |  | 9,987 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 12,615 |  |  | 18,078 |
Net deferred tax liabilities included in continuing operations | $ | (2,897) |  |  | $ | (2,834) |
Summary of Valuation Allowance | Activity within the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets included in continuing operations during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows:
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Valuation allowance at beginning of year | $ | 349,008 |  |  | $ | 292,217 |  |  | $ | 211,078 |
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance as a result of |  |  |  |  |
Mergers and acquisitions, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | 418 |
Deconsolidation of AquaBounty | — |  |  | (3,504) |  |  | — |
Establishment of deferred taxes for subsidiaries included in discontinued operations | — |  |  | 8,592 |  |  | — |
Current year continuing operations | 21,309 |  |  | 31,018 |  |  | 98,549 |
Discontinued operations treated as asset sales | 7,977 |  |  | 10,585 |  |  | 3,832 |
Discontinued operations related to MBP Titan | 8,019 |  |  | 9,663 |  |  | 8,735 |
Adoption of ASC 842 | — |  |  | 512 |  |  | — |
Adoption of ASC 606 | — |  |  | — |  |  | (7,477) |
Equity component of long-term debt | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13,367) |
Change in deferred state tax rate | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,666) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 1,035 |  |  | (75) |  |  | (885) |
Valuation allowance at end of year | $ | 387,348 |  |  | $ | 349,008 |  |  | $ | 292,217 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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