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Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Reclassifications We reclassified approximately $5.5 million of accrued bonus related to our short-term incentive plan for the year ended December 31, 2022, from other accrued liabilities to accrued compensation to conform to our current year presentation. These reclassifications to the prior period were made to conform to the current period presentation and did not have an impact on our consolidated statements of income (loss), consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Some of the Company’s more significant estimates are those affected by critical accounting policies for revenue recognition and asset recoverability tests and inventories. Cash and Cash Equivalents Short-term investments that have a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents. The Company invests excess cash in interest bearing accounts, money market mutual funds and funds which invest in U.S. Treasury obligations and repurchase agreements backed by U.S. Treasury obligations. The Company’s investment objectives continue to be the preservation of capital and the maintenance of liquidity. The Company’s ABL Credit Facility, dated February 23, 2018, as amended, was terminated effective February 22, 2022. We opened a new cash collateral account with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., in which cash was transferred to facilitate our existing letters of credit. As of December 31, 2023, the cash balance in that account was approximat ely $4.1 million. The Company is required to maintain a balance equal to the outstanding letters of credit plus 5% at all times which is considered as restricted cash and is included in “Restricted cash” in our consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Withdrawals from this cash collateral account are only allowed at such point a given letter of credit has expired or has been cancelled. Short-term Investments Short-term investments that have a maturity greater than three months and less than a year from the date of purchase are comprised primarily of time deposits, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, bonds and notes, substantially all of which are denominated in U.S. dollars and are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. The Company expects to hold all of its Short-term investments to maturity. For purposes of the consolidated financial statements, the Company does not consider Short-term investments to be cash equivalents. Trade Receivables The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts on trade receivables equal to amounts estimated to be uncollectible. This estimate is based upon historical collection experience combined with a specific review of each customer’s outstanding trade receivable balance. The allowance estimate includes expected recoveries of amounts previously written off and expected to be written off in the valuation account. Trade receivables has been reduced by $6.5 million and $5.0 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Management believes that the allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate; however, actual write-offs may exceed the recorded allowance. Inventories Inventory costs are determined principally by the use of the first-in, first-out (FIFO) costing method and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Company manufactured inventory is valued principally using standard costs, which are calculated based upon direct costs incurred and overhead allocations and approximate actual costs. Inventory purchased from third-party vendors is principally valued at the weighted average cost. Inventory Reserves Periodically, obsolescence reviews are performed on slow moving and excess inventories and reserves are established based on current assessments about future demands and market conditions. The Company determines the reserve percentages based on an analysis of stocking levels, historical sales levels and future sales forecasts anticipated for inventory items by product type. The inventory values have been reduced by a reserve for slow moving, excess and obsolete inventories of $66.2 million and $75.9 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. If market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory reserves may be required. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost, with depreciation provided on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. We capitalize costs incurred to enhance, improve and extend the useful lives of our property and equipment and expense costs incurred to repair and maintain the existing condition of our assets. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in Business Combinations The Company accounts for its business combinations under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805-10, Business Combinations (“ASC 805-10”), which requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. For transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the tangible net assets and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. ASC 805-10 also specifies criteria that intangible assets acquired in a business combination must meet to be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combinations and are expensed as incurred. The determination and allocation of fair values to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on various assumptions and valuation methodologies requiring considerable management judgment. The fair value of property, plant and equipment is estimated using either the market approach or cost approach, depending on the availability of market information, The fair value of customer relationships is estimated using a multi-period excess earnings method. Under this method, the value is derived from cash flow projections for the customer relationships acquired, which includes significant judgments and assumptions relating to baseline revenue and revenue growth rates, EBITDA margins, contributory asset charges, customer attrition rate, and discount rate. The fair value of trademarks and developed technologies are estimated using the relief from royalty method. The valuation of an acquired business is based on available information at the acquisition date and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable. However, a change in facts and circumstances as of the acquisition date can result in subsequent adjustments during the measurement period, but no later than one year from the acquisition date. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We evaluate our property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Should the review indicate that the carrying value is not fully recoverable, the amount of the impairment loss is determined by comparing the carrying value to the estimated fair value. We assess recoverability based on undiscounted future net cash flows. Estimating future net cash flows requires us to make judgments regarding long-term forecasts of future revenues and costs related to the assets subject to review. These forecasts are uncertain in that they require assumptions about our revenue growth, operating margins, capital expenditures, future market conditions and technological developments. If changes in these assumptions occur, our expectations regarding future net cash flows may change such that a material impairment could result. Goodwill and Intangible Assets For goodwill and intangible assets, an assessment for impairment is performed annually or when there is an indication an impairment may have occurred. Goodwill is not amortized but rather tested for impairment annually on October 1 or when events occur or circumstances change that would trigger such a review. The impairment test entails an assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. If it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, then a quantitative impairment test is performed. A qualitative assessment was performed in 2023 and it was determined that a quantitative assessment was not necessary. Impairment exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Restructuring and Other Charges Restructuring and other charges consist of costs associated with our 2021 global strategic plan initiated in the fourth quarter of 2021, in an effort to realign our subsea product business with the market conditions. Prior to the 2021 global strategic plan, restructuring and other charges were incurred as part of the 2018 global strategic plan, initiated to realign our manufacturing facilities globally and which concluded as of the third quarter of 2021. These charges are reflected as “Restructuring and other charges” in our consolidated statements of income (loss). Income Tax The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Current income taxes are provided on income reported for financial statement purposes, adjusted for transactions that do not enter into the computation of income taxes payable in the same year. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amounts that are expected more likely than not to be realized in the future. The Company classifies interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as income taxes in its financial statements. Revenue Recognition Product Revenues The Company recognizes product revenues from two methods: • product revenues are recognized over time as control is transferred to the customer; and • product revenues from the sale of products that do not qualify for the over time method are recognized as point in time. Revenues Recognized Under the Over Time Method The Company uses the over time method on long-term project contracts that have the following characteristics: • the contracts call for products which are designed to customer specifications; • the structural designs are unique and require significant engineering and manufacturing efforts generally requiring more than one year in duration; • the contracts contain specific terms as to milestones, progress billings and delivery dates; • product requirements cannot be filled directly from the Company’s standard inventory; and • The Company has an enforceable right to payment for any work completed to date and the enforceable payment includes a reasonable profit margin. For each project, the Company prepares a detailed analysis of estimated costs, profit margin, completion date and risk factors which include availability of material, production efficiencies and other factors that may impact the project. On a quarterly basis, management reviews the progress of each project, which may result in revisions of previous estimates, including revenue recognition. The Company calculates the percentage complete and applies the percentage to determine the revenues earned and the appropriate portion of total estimated costs to be recognized. Losses, if any, are recorded in full in the period they become known. Historically, the Company’s estimates of total costs and costs to complete have approximated actual costs incurred to complete the project. Under the over time method, billings may not correlate directly to the revenue recognized. Based upon the terms of the specific contract, billings may be in excess of the revenue recognized, in which case the amounts are included in customer prepayments as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets. Likewise, revenue recognized may exceed customer billings in which case the amounts are reported in unbilled receivables. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, unbilled receivables included $90.2 million and $92.6 million of unbilled receivables related to products accounted for using the over time method of accounting, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2023, there were 75 projects representing approximately 25.5% of the Company’s total revenues and approximately 40.0% of its product revenues, and 79 projects during 2022 representing approximately 34.7% of the Company’s total revenues and approximately 52.1% of its product revenues, which were accounted for using over time method of accounting. Revenues Recognized Under the Point in Time Method Revenues from the sale of standard inventory products, not accounted for under the over time method, are recorded at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the promised asset and the Company satisfies its performance obligation. This point in time recognition aligns with when the product is available to the customer, which is when the Company typically has a present right to payment, title transfers to the customer, the customer or its carrier has physical possession and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership. The Company may provide product storage to some customers. Revenues for these products are recognized at the point in time that control of the product transfers to the customer, the reason for storage is requested by the customer, the product is separately identified, the product is ready for physical transfer to the customer and the Company does not have the ability to use or direct the use of the product. This point in time typically occurs when the products are moved to storage. We receive payment after control of the products has transferred to the customer. Service Revenues The Company recognizes service revenues from two sources: • technical advisory assistance; and • rework and reconditioning of customer-owned Dril-Quip products. The Company generally does not install products for its customers, but it does provide technical advisory assistance. The Company normally negotiates contracts for products, including those accounted for under the over time method, and services separately. For all product sales, it is the customer’s decision as to the timing of the product installation as well as whether Dril-Quip running tools will be purchased or rented. Furthermore, the customer is under no obligation to utilize the Company’s technical advisory assistance services. The customer may use a third party or their own personnel. The contracts for these services are typically considered day-to-day. Rework and reconditioning service revenues are recorded using the over time method based on the remaining steps that need to be completed as the refurbishment process is performed. The measurement of progress considers, among other things, the time necessary for completion of each step in the reconditioning plan, the materials to be purchased, labor and ordering procedures. We receive payment after the services have been performed by billing customers periodically (typically monthly). Leasing Revenues The Company earns leasing revenues from the rental of running tools. Revenues from rental of running tools are recognized within leasing revenues on a day rate basis over the lease term, which is generally between one to three months. Practical Expedients As permitted under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842),” we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance which, among other things, allows companies to carry forward their historical lease classification. Foreign Currency The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates except for revenues and expenses, which are translated at average monthly rates. Translation adjustments are reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and have no effect on current earnings or cash flows. Foreign currency exchange transactions are recorded using the exchange rate at the date of the settlement. The Company had, net of income taxes, a transaction gain of $2.0 million in 2023, a transaction gain of $3.0 million in 2022 and a transaction loss of $0.7 million in 2021. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, receivables and payables. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their respective fair values as they are short-term in nature. Fair Value Measurements The Company applies the applicable accounting guidance for fair value measurements. This guidance provides the definition of fair value, describes the method used to appropriately measure fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and outlines fair value disclosure requirements. The fair value hierarchy established under this guidance prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: • Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. • Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted prices, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. • Level 3 - Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments which subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk primarily include trade receivables. The Company grants credit to its customers, which operate primarily in the oil and gas industry. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral. The Company maintains reserves for potential losses, and actual losses have historically been within management’s expectations. In addition, the Company invests excess cash in interest bearing accounts, money market mutual funds and funds which invest in obligations of the U.S. Treasury and repurchase agreements backed by U.S. Treasury obligations. Changes in the financial markets and interest rates could affect the interest earned on short-term investments. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed considering the dilutive effect of stock options and awards using the treasury stock method.

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