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INCOME TAXES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
The following table presents income tax expense (benefit) by selected jurisdiction for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
 Year Ended
 December 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Current tax expense (benefit):
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Ireland
$657 $(92)$1,132 
U.S.
25,847 18,884 (27,808)
Foreign - excluding the U.S. and Ireland
66,733 37,399 32,134 
93,237 56,191 5,458 
Deferred tax expense (benefit):
Ireland
163 (235)(115)
U.S.
(5,916)(4,562)(8,916)
Foreign - excluding the U.S. and Ireland
(11,835)(7,803)(22,030)
(17,588)(12,600)(31,061)
$75,649 $43,591 $(25,603)
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign consisted of the following:
Year Ended
 December 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Ireland
$120 $(13,119)$536 
U.S.37,856 41,798 (20,188)
Foreign - excluding the U.S. and Ireland
201,664 177,248 155,553 
$239,640 $205,927 $135,901 
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The differences between the reported income tax expense (benefit) and income tax expense (benefit) computed at the Irish statutory income tax rate of 12.5%, the trading income tax rate of the Company’s country of domicile, for the years ended December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are explained in the following reconciliation:
Year Ended
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Expense (benefit) computed at the Irish statutory rate of 12.5%
$29,955 $25,741 $16,987 
Effects of:
Foreign income taxed at different rates
35,969 26,471 3,057 
Nondeductible goodwill impairment4,526 — — 
Foreign currency remeasurement effects(2,512)(7,632)(2,564)
Change in valuation allowances
(7,961)(15,366)5,183 
Expenses not deductible for income tax purposes7,289 3,393 2,669 
Income not taxable(1,179)(1,962)(4,238)
Interest expense not deductible for income tax purposes830 — 1,659 
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits, net of indirect effects5,123 (2,349)(37,763)
Recognition of deferred tax assets in respect of prior periods— — (4,523)
Changes in estimates made in respect of prior periods3,609 15,307 (6,054)
Other items
— (12)(16)
Income tax expense (benefit)
$75,649 $43,591 $(25,603)
Schedule Of Deferred Tax
Deferred tax (benefit) recognized directly in other comprehensive income (loss) was as follows:
Year Ended
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Pension and postretirement benefits$(4,527)$(3,549)$(4,847)
Derivatives(578)(5,213)(10,598)
Equity method investments— 138 (138)
Total deferred tax expense recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
$(5,105)$(8,624)$(15,583)
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The following table provides details of the principal components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets:(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Other intangible assets
$1,154$1,567
Property, plant and equipment
37,65241,788
Operating leases47,58655,853
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities30,50321,356
Pension and postretirement benefits
27,22226,186
Operating loss carry-forwards121,788116,937
Tax credit carry-forwards1,9041,697
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates9801,416
Other
18,81719,971
Total deferred tax assets287,606286,771
Valuation allowances
(64,424)(75,462)
Offset against deferred tax liabilities(140,698)(144,824)
Total deferred tax assets, net$82,484$66,485
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other intangible assets
$6,692$14,580
DOLE brand76,57076,570
Property, plant and equipment
71,60074,326
Operating lease right-of-use assets46,99754,698
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities4,2943,215
Pension and postretirement benefits
5,9237,226
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates152714
Other
8,0686,148
Total deferred tax liabilities220,296237,477
Offset against deferred tax assets(140,698)(144,824)
Total deferred tax liabilities, net$79,598$92,653
Summary of Operating Loss Carryforwards
As of December 31, 2024, Dole had approximately $1.0 billion of operating loss carryforwards expiring as follows:
 IrelandU.S.Foreign (excluding U.S. and Ireland)Total
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
2025$$34,384$10$34,394
202619,34019,340
202726,2951,51627,811
202823,1672,89026,057
202927,30010,00137,301
2030-2045 441,0874,370445,457
Indefinite41,666276,522109,387427,575
Total$41,666$848,095$128,174$1,017,935
Summary of Valuation Allowance
The following table presents the movement in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
 Amount
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021$87,966 
Changes on acquisition/disposal(723)
Increase recognized in the income statement7,675 
Decrease recognized in the income statement(2,492)
Changes in other comprehensive income(234)
Translation adjustments(1,247)
Balance as of December 31, 2022
90,945 
Increase recognized in the income statement8,036 
Decrease recognized in the income statement(23,402)
Translation adjustments
(117)
Balance as of December 31, 2023
75,462 
Increase recognized in the income statement1,156 
Decrease recognized in the income statement(9,117)
Translation adjustments
(3,077)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$64,424 
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows:
Amount
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021$48,081
Settlements(1,047)
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations(35,694)
Translation adjustments(607)
Balance as of December 31, 2022
10,733
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations(2,952)
Translation adjustments212
Balance as of December 31, 2023
7,993
Increases due to tax positions taken in the current year5,488
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations(2,992)
Translation adjustments(267)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$10,222