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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

| ☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2025

OR

| ☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 000-11486

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

New Jersey | 52-1273725
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.)

301 Sylvan Avenue

Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

844-266-2548

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock | CNOB | NASDAQ
Depositary Shares (each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of 5.25% Series A Non-Cumulative, perpetual preferred stock) | CNOBP | NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one):

Large accelerated filer ☒ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, no par value: | 38,469,975 shares
(Title of Class) | (Outstanding as of May 2, 2025)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

|  | Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Condition as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 8
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 10
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 49
Item 3. | Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risks | 68
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 68
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 69
Item 1a. | Risk Factors | 69
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 69
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 69
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 69
Item 5. | Other Information | 69
Item 6. | Exhibits | 70
SIGNATURES | 71

2

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION

(in thousands, except for share data) |  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (unaudited) |  |  |  |  |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 49,759 |  |  | $ | 57,816 |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks |  |  | 242,844 |  |  |  | 298,672 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 292,603 |  |  |  | 356,488 |
Investment securities |  |  | 636,806 |  |  |  | 612,847 |
Equity securities |  |  | 18,859 |  |  |  | 20,092 |
Loans held-for-sale |  |  | 202 |  |  |  | 743 |
Loans receivable |  |  | 8,201,134 |  |  |  | 8,274,810 |
Less: Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 82,403 |  |  |  | 82,685 |
Net loans receivable |  |  | 8,118,731 |  |  |  | 8,192,125 |
Investment in restricted stock, at cost |  |  | 37,031 |  |  |  | 40,449 |
Bank premises and equipment, net |  |  | 27,624 |  |  |  | 28,447 |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 46,740 |  |  |  | 45,498 |
Bank owned life insurance |  |  | 244,651 |  |  |  | 243,672 |
Right of use operating lease assets |  |  | 13,755 |  |  |  | 14,489 |
Goodwill |  |  | 208,372 |  |  |  | 208,372 |
Core deposit intangibles |  |  | 4,360 |  |  |  | 4,639 |
Other assets |  |  | 109,521 |  |  |  | 111,739 |
Total assets |  | $ | 9,759,255 |  |  | $ | 9,879,600 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing |  | $ | 1,319,196 |  |  | $ | 1,422,044 |
Interest-bearing |  |  | 6,448,034 |  |  |  | 6,398,070 |
Total deposits |  |  | 7,767,230 |  |  |  | 7,820,114 |
Borrowings |  |  | 613,053 |  |  |  | 688,064 |
Subordinated debentures, net |  |  | 80,071 |  |  |  | 79,944 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 14,737 |  |  |  | 15,498 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 31,225 |  |  |  | 34,276 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 8,506,316 |  |  |  | 8,637,896 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred Stock, no par value: 1,000 per share liquidation preference; Authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued 115,000 shares as of March 31, 2025 and as of December 31, 2024; outstanding 115,000 shares as of March 31, 2025 and as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | 110,927 |  |  |  | 110,927 |
Common stock, no par value: Authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 42,355,523 shares as of March 31, 2025 and 42,255,865 shares as of December 31, 2024; outstanding 38,469,975 shares as of March 31, 2025 and 38,370,317 as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | 586,946 |  |  |  | 586,946 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 36,007 |  |  |  | 36,347 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 643,265 |  |  |  | 631,446 |
Treasury stock, at cost: 3,885,548 common shares as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 |  |  | (76,116 | ) |  |  | (76,116 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (48,090 | ) |  |  | (47,846 | )
Total stockholders’ equity |  |  | 1,252,939 |  |  |  | 1,241,704 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 9,759,255 |  |  | $ | 9,879,600 |

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

Table of Contents

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
(dollars in thousands, except for per share data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and fees on loans |  | $ | 115,351 |  |  | $ | 120,088 |
Interest and dividends on investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable |  |  | 4,987 |  |  |  | 4,334 |
Tax-exempt |  |  | 1,097 |  |  |  | 1,154 |
Dividends |  |  | 889 |  |  |  | 1,125 |
Interest on federal funds sold and other short-term investments |  |  | 2,465 |  |  |  | 2,906 |
Total interest income |  |  | 124,789 |  |  |  | 129,607 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  |  | 53,992 |  |  |  | 60,407 |
Borrowings |  |  | 5,041 |  |  |  | 8,900 |
Total interest expense |  |  | 59,033 |  |  |  | 69,307 |
Net interest income |  |  | 65,756 |  |  |  | 60,300 |
Provision for credit losses |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 4,000 |
Net interest income after provision for credit losses |  |  | 62,256 |  |  |  | 56,300 |
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposit, loan and other income |  |  | 2,006 |  |  |  | 1,592 |
Income on bank owned life insurance |  |  | 1,584 |  |  |  | 1,664 |
Net gains on sale of loans held-for-sale |  |  | 332 |  |  |  | 506 |
Net gains on equity securities |  |  | 529 |  |  |  | 86 |
Total noninterest income |  |  | 4,451 |  |  |  | 3,848 |
Noninterest expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  |  | 22,578 |  |  |  | 22,131 |
Occupancy and equipment |  |  | 2,680 |  |  |  | 3,009 |
FDIC insurance |  |  | 1,800 |  |  |  | 1,800 |
Professional and consulting |  |  | 2,366 |  |  |  | 1,928 |
Marketing and advertising |  |  | 595 |  |  |  | 677 |
Information technology and communications |  |  | 4,596 |  |  |  | 4,389 |
Merger expenses |  |  | 1,320 |  |  |  | - |
Bank owned life insurance restructuring charge |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | - |
Amortization of core deposit intangibles |  |  | 279 |  |  |  | 321 |
Other expenses |  |  | 2,764 |  |  |  | 2,810 |
Total noninterest expenses |  |  | 39,305 |  |  |  | 37,065 |
Income before income tax expense |  |  | 27,402 |  |  |  | 23,083 |
Income tax expense |  |  | 7,160 |  |  |  | 5,878 |
Net income |  |  | 20,242 |  |  |  | 17,205 |
Preferred dividends |  |  | 1,509 |  |  |  | 1,509 |
Net income available to common stockholders |  | $ | 18,733 |  |  | $ | 15,696 |
Earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.49 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |
Diluted |  |  | 0.49 |  |  |  | 0.41 |

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Net income |  | $ | 20,242 |  |  | $ | 17,205 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities arising during the period |  |  | 5,462 |  |  |  | (8,966 | )
Net unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges |  |  | (5,706 | ) |  |  | 5,913 |
Pension plan adjustments |  |  | - |  |  |  | 30 |
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  | (244 | ) |  |  | (3,023 | )
Total comprehensive income |  | $ | 19,998 |  |  | $ | 14,182 |

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

Table of Contents

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
|  | Preferred |  |  | Common |  |  | Paid-In |  |  | Retained |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  | Stockholders’ |
(in thousands, except share data) |  | Stock |  |  | Stock |  |  | Capital |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Stock |  |  | (Loss) Income |  |  | Equity |
Balance as of December 31, 2024 |  | $ | 110,927 |  |  | $ | 586,946 |  |  | $ | 36,347 |  |  | $ | 631,446 |  |  | $ | (76,116 | ) |  | $ | (47,846 | ) |  | $ | 1,241,704 |
Net income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,242 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,242 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (244 | ) |  |  | (244 | )
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock ($0.328125 per depositary share) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,509 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,509 | )
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.18 per share) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (6,914 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (6,914 | )
Restricted stock grants, net of forfeitures (40,070 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Stock grants (1,328 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net shares issued in satisfaction of deferred stock units earned (38,683 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net shares issued in satisfaction of performance units earned (19,577 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Share redemption for tax withholdings on performance units and deferred stock units earned |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,627 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,627 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,287 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,287 |
Balance as of March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 110,927 |  |  | $ | 586,946 |  |  | $ | 36,007 |  |  | $ | 643,265 |  |  | $ | (76,116 | ) |  | $ | (48,090 | ) |  | $ | 1,252,939 |

6

Table of Contents

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited)

(continued)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
|  | Preferred |  |  | Common |  |  | Paid-In |  |  | Retained |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  | Stockholders’ |
(in thousands, except share data) |  | Stock |  |  | Stock |  |  | Capital |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Stock |  |  | (Loss) Income |  |  | Equity |
Balance as of December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 110,927 |  |  | $ | 586,946 |  |  | $ | 33,182 |  |  | $ | 590,970 |  |  | $ | (70,296 | ) |  | $ | (35,109 | ) |  | $ | 1,216,620 |
Net income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 17,205 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 17,205 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3,023 | ) |  |  | (3,023 | )
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock ($0.328125 per depositary share) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,509 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,509 | )
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.17 per share) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (6,548 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (6,548 | )
Restricted stock grants, net of forfeitures (36,446 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Stock grants (1,533 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net shares issued in satisfaction of deferred stock units earned (33,604 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net shares issued in satisfaction of performance units earned (24,070 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Share redemption for tax withholdings on performance units and deferred stock units earned |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,324 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,324 | )
Stock-compensation expense |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,008 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,008 |
Repurchase of treasury stock (282,370 shares) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5,820 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5,820 | )
Balance as of March 31, 2024 |  | $ | 110,927 |  |  | $ | 586,946 |  |  | $ | 32,866 |  |  | $ | 600,118 |  |  | $ | (76,116 | ) |  | $ | (38,132 | ) |  | $ | 1,216,609 |

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 20,242 |  |  | $ | 17,205 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment |  |  | 1,098 |  |  |  | 1,102 |
Provision for credit losses |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 4,000 |
Loss on bank owned life insurance policy exchange |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | - |
Amortization of intangibles |  |  | 279 |  |  |  | 321 |
Net accretion of loans |  |  | (175 | ) |  |  | (247 | )
Accretion on bank premises |  |  | (12 | ) |  |  | (12 | )
Accretion on deposits |  |  | - |  |  |  | (39 | )
Amortization on borrowings, net |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 5 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 1,287 |  |  |  | 1,008 |
Gains on equity securities, net |  |  | (529 | ) |  |  | (86 | )
Gains on sale of loans held-for-sale, net |  |  | (332 | ) |  |  | (506 | )
Loans originated for resale |  |  | (6,215 | ) |  |  | (6,617 | )
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-sale |  |  | 7,088 |  |  |  | 7,123 |
Increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance |  |  | (1,584 | ) |  |  | (1,664 | )
Amortization of premium and accretion of discounts on securities available-for-sale |  |  | 185 |  |  |  | 185 |
Amortization of subordinated debentures issuance costs |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | 127 |
Increase in accrued interest receivable |  |  | (1,242 | ) |  |  | (623 | )
Net change in operating leases |  |  | (27 | ) |  |  | (46 | )
Increase in other assets |  |  | (5,699 | ) |  |  | (2,946 | )
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities |  |  | (3,433 | ) |  |  | 2,232 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 14,891 |  |  |  | 20,522 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases |  |  | (33,453 | ) |  |  | (25,947 | )
Maturities, calls and principal repayments |  |  | 16,982 |  |  |  | 13,166 |
Purchase of equity securities |  |  | (612 | ) |  |  | (807 | )
Proceeds from equity securities sold |  |  | 2,374 |  |  |  | - |
Net redemptions of restricted investment in bank stocks |  |  | 3,418 |  |  |  | 2,526 |
Net decrease in loans |  |  | 70,451 |  |  |  | 44,273 |
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance |  |  | 278 |  |  |  | - |
Purchases of premises and equipment |  |  | (263 | ) |  |  | (138 | )
Net cash provided by investing activities |  |  | 59,175 |  |  |  | 33,073 |
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (decrease) increase in deposits |  |  | (52,884 | ) |  |  | 52,491 |
Advances of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) borrowings |  |  | 365,000 |  |  |  | 445,000 |
Repayments of FHLB borrowings |  |  | (440,017 | ) |  |  | (501,016 | )
Cash dividends on preferred stock |  |  | (1,509 | ) |  |  | (1,509 | )
Cash dividends paid on common stock |  |  | (6,914 | ) |  |  | (6,548 | )
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5,820 | )
Share redemption for tax withholdings on performance units and deferred stock units earned |  |  | (1,627 | ) |  |  | (1,324 | )
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  | (137,951 | ) |  |  | (18,726 | )
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (63,885 | ) |  |  | 34,869 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  |  | 356,488 |  |  |  | 242,714 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |  | $ | 292,603 |  |  | $ | 277,583 |

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(continued)

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash payments for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid on deposits and borrowings |  | $ | 58,696 |  |  | $ | 67,063 |
Income taxes |  |  | 1,513 |  |  |  | 10,861 |

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1a. Nature of Operations, Principles of Consolidation and Risk and Uncertainties

Nature of Operations

ConnectOne Bancorp, Inc. (the “Parent Corporation”) is incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey and is a registered bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”). The Parent Corporation’s business currently consists of the operation of its wholly-owned subsidiary, ConnectOne Bank (the “Bank” and, collectively with the Parent Corporation and the Parent Corporation’s subsidiaries, the “Company”) and making certain limited investments. The Bank’s direct and indirect subsidiaries include Union Investment Co. (a New Jersey investment company), Twin Bridge Investment Co. (a Delaware investment company), ConnectOne Preferred Funding Corp. (a New Jersey real estate investment trust), Center Financial Group, LLC (a New Jersey financial services company), Center Advertising, Inc. (a New Jersey advertising company), Morris Property Company, LLC, (a New Jersey limited liability company), Volosin Holdings, LLC, (a New Jersey limited liability company), NJCB Spec-1, LLC (a New Jersey limited liability company), Port Jervis Holdings, LLC (a New Jersey limited liability company), BONJ Special Properties, LLC (a New Jersey limited liability company) and BoeFly, Inc. (a New Jersey financial technology company).

The Bank is a community-based, full-service New Jersey-chartered commercial bank that was founded in 2005. The Bank operates from its headquarters located at 301 Sylvan Avenue in the Borough of Englewood Cliffs, Bergen County, New Jersey and through its 23 other banking offices. Substantially all loans are secured with various types of collateral, including business assets, consumer assets and commercial/residential real estate. Each borrower’s ability to repay its loans is dependent on the conversion of assets, cash flows generated from the borrowers’ business, real estate rental and consumer wages.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The consolidated financial statements of the Parent Corporation are prepared on an accrual basis and include the accounts of the Parent Corporation and the Company. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated from the accompanying consolidated financial statements

.

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Segment Reporting

The Company’s operations are solely in the financial services industry. The Company provides a range of regional community banking services to commercial and retail clients.

The Company's reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who is designated the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), based upon information about the Company's products and services offered, primarily it's banking operations. The segment is also distinguished by the level of information provided to the CODM, who uses such information to review performance of various components of the business (such as branches and the subsidiary bank), which are then aggregated if operating performance, products/services, and customers are similar. The CODM will evaluate the financial performance of the Company's business components such as by evaluating revenue streams, significant expenses, and budget to actual results in assessing the Company's segment and in the determination of allocating resources. The CODM uses revenue streams to evaluate product pricing and significant expenses to assess performance and evaluate return on assets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to benchmark the Company against its competitors. The benchmarking analysis coupled with monitoring of budget to actual results are used in assessment of performance and in establishing compensation. Loans, investments, and deposits provide the revenues in the banking operation. Interest expense, provision for credit losses, and payroll provide the significant expenses in the banking operation. All operations are domestic. See Note 14 for disclosures related to the reportable segment.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the dates of the consolidated statements of condition and that affect the results of operations for the periods presented. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts reported in prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no material effect on net income or total stockholders' equity.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1b. Authoritative Accounting Guidance

Adoption of New Accounting Standards in 2025

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. These amendments require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5% of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income (or loss) by the applicable statutory income tax rate). The amendments require that all entities disclose on an annual basis the following information about income taxes paid: 1) The amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign taxes. 2) The amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5% of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). The amendments also require that all entities disclose the following information: 1) Income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign and 2) Income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 on January 1, 2025.

Newly Issued, But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)" ("ASU 2024-03"). ASU 2024-03 requires public entities to provide disaggregated disclosures, in the notes to the financial statements, of certain categories of expenses that are included in expense line items on the face of the income statement. ASU 2024-03 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2027. The Company is currently not expecting the ASU to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements and footnotes.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 2. Business Combination

On September 4, 2024, the Parent Corporation and The First of Long Island Corporation (Nasdaq: FLIC) (“First of Long Island”), parent company of The First National Bank of Long Island entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which First of Long Island will merge with and into the Parent Corporation, which will be the surviving entity in the transaction. The combined company will operate under the ConnectOne brand, and will have approximately $14 billion in total assets, $11 billion in total deposits, and $11 billion in total loans.

Under the terms of the agreement, First of Long Island shareholders will receive 0.5175 shares of Parent Corporation common stock for each share of First of Long Island common stock. The transaction is valued at approximately $288 million in aggregate based upon the closing common stock price of $24.31 for ConnectOne as of March 31, 2025. The final transaction value is subject to change based on the fluctuations in the market price of ConnectOne common stock prior to the closing of the acquisition.

On February 14, 2025, at separate special meetings, the shareholders of both companies approved proposals relating to the pending merger of the Parent Corporation and First of Long Island.

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Note 3. Earnings per Common Share

Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“FASB ASC”) No. 260-10-45 addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in computing earnings per share (“EPS”). The restricted stock awards granted by the Company contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and therefore are considered participating securities. The two-class method for calculating basic EPS excludes dividends paid to participating securities and any undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities.

Earnings per common share have been computed based on the following:

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
(dollars in thousands, except for per share data) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Net income available to common stockholders |  | $ | 18,733 |  |  | $ | 15,696 |
Earnings allocated to participating securities |  |  | (50 | ) |  |  | (42 | )
Income attributable to common stock |  | $ | 18,683 |  |  | $ | 15,654 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding, including participating securities |  |  | 38,373 |  |  |  | 38,423 |
Weighted average participating securities |  |  | (103 | ) |  |  | (104 | )
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 38,270 |  |  |  | 38,319 |
Incremental shares from assumed conversions of options, performance units and restricted shares |  |  | 241 |  |  |  | 193 |
Weighted average common and equivalent shares outstanding |  |  | 38,511 |  |  |  | 38,512 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.49 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |
Diluted |  |  | 0.49 |  |  |  | 0.41 |

There were no antidilutive share equivalents during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 4. Investment Securities

All of the Company’s investment securities are classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Investment securities available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses included in stockholders’ equity, net of tax. Accordingly, the carrying value of such securities reflects their fair value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Fair value is based upon either quoted market prices, or in certain cases where there is limited activity in the market for a particular instrument, assumptions are made to determine their fair value. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

The following tables present information related to the Company’s portfolio of securities available-for-sale as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Allowance |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | for |
|  |  |  |  |  | Gross |  |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |  |  | Investment |
|  | Amortized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Credit |
|  | Cost |  |  | Gains |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 112,880 |  |  | $ | 571 |  |  | $ | (10,690 | ) |  | $ | 102,761 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 441,169 |  |  |  | 572 |  |  |  | (53,392 | ) |  |  | 388,349 |  |  |  | - |
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 24,925 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3,874 | ) |  |  | 21,051 |  |  |  | - |
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |  |  | 139,759 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | (21,116 | ) |  |  | 118,657 |  |  |  | - |
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | 5,000 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,004 |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 865 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | 859 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | - |
Total investment securities available-for-sale |  | $ | 724,723 |  |  | $ | 1,162 |  |  | $ | (89,079 | ) |  | $ | 636,806 |  |  | $ | - |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 96,165 |  |  | $ | 179 |  |  | $ | (11,674 | ) |  | $ | 84,670 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 439,445 |  |  |  | 211 |  |  |  | (60,818 | ) |  |  | 378,838 |  |  |  | - |
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 24,989 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (4,097 | ) |  |  | 20,892 |  |  |  | - |
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |  |  | 141,775 |  |  |  | 89 |  |  |  | (19,460 | ) |  |  | 122,404 |  |  |  | - |
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | 5,000 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | 4,987 |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 892 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | 885 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | - |
Total investment securities available-for-sale |  | $ | 708,437 |  |  | $ | 484 |  |  | $ | (96,074 | ) |  | $ | 612,847 |  |  | $ | - |

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 4. Investment Securities – (continued)

Investment securities having a carrying value of approximately $368.8 million and $184.0 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits, borrowings, repurchase agreements, access to unutilized Federal Reserve Discount Window borrowings and Federal Home Loan Bank advances and for other purposes required or permitted by law. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.

The following table presents information for investments in securities available-for-sale as of March 31, 2025, based on scheduled maturities. Actual maturities can be expected to differ from scheduled maturities due to prepayment or early call options of the issuer. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | Amortized |  |  | Fair |
|  | Cost |  |  | Value |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less |  | $ | 3,992 |  |  | $ | 3,996 |
Due after one year through five years |  |  | 5,258 |  |  |  | 5,254 |
Due after five years through ten years |  |  | 10,303 |  |  |  | 8,946 |
Due after ten years |  |  | 238,951 |  |  |  | 209,085 |
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 441,169 |  |  |  | 388,349 |
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 24,925 |  |  |  | 21,051 |
Other securities |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 125 |
Total investment securities available-for-sale |  | $ | 724,723 |  |  | $ | 636,806 |

There were no realized gains or losses on investment securities available for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 4. Investment Securities – (continued)

The following tables indicate securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and by the length of continuous time individual securities have been in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | Total |  |  | Less than 12 Months |  |  | 12 Months or Longer |
|  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |
|  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 56,703 |  |  | $ | (10,690 | ) |  | $ | 21,699 |  |  | $ | (72 | ) |  | $ | 35,004 |  |  | $ | (10,618 | )
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 351,709 |  |  |  | (53,392 | ) |  |  | 13,622 |  |  |  | (297 | ) |  |  | 338,087 |  |  |  | (53,095 | )
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 21,051 |  |  |  | (3,874 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 21,051 |  |  |  | (3,874 | )
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |  |  | 115,666 |  |  |  | (21,116 | ) |  |  | 19,440 |  |  |  | (750 | ) |  |  | 96,226 |  |  |  | (20,366 | )
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 591 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 591 |  |  |  | (7 | )
Total investment securities available for sale |  | $ | 545,720 |  |  | $ | (89,079 | ) |  | $ | 54,761 |  |  | $ | (1,119 | ) |  | $ | 490,959 |  |  | $ | (87,960 | )

|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Total |  |  | Less than 12 Months |  |  | 12 Months or Longer |
|  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |
|  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Investment securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 53,467 |  |  | $ | (11,674 | ) |  | $ | 18,471 |  |  | $ | (60 | ) |  | $ | 34,996 |  |  | $ | (11,614 | )
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 364,971 |  |  |  | (60,818 | ) |  |  | 26,809 |  |  |  | (604 | ) |  |  | 338,162 |  |  |  | (60,214 | )
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 20,892 |  |  |  | (4,097 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,892 |  |  |  | (4,097 | )
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |  |  | 112,523 |  |  |  | (19,460 | ) |  |  | 13,281 |  |  |  | (322 | ) |  |  | 99,242 |  |  |  | (19,138 | )
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | 1,982 |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | 1,982 |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 885 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 885 |  |  |  | (7 | )
Total investment securities available for sale |  | $ | 554,720 |  |  | $ | (96,074 | ) |  | $ | 60,543 |  |  | $ | (1,004 | ) |  | $ | 494,177 |  |  | $ | (95,070 | )

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 4. Investment Securities – (continued)

The Company has elected to exclude accrued interest from the amortized cost of its investment securities available-for-sale. Accrued interest receivable for investment securities available-for-sale totaled $2.3 million as of both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The Company evaluates securities in an unrealized loss position for impairment related to credit losses on at least a quarterly basis. Securities in unrealized loss positions are first assessed as to whether we intend to sell, or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If one of the criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through current earnings. For securities that do not meet these criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value resulted from credit losses or other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, we compare the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis for the security, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited to the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses on asset backed securities and state and municipal securities have not been recognized into income because the issuers are of high credit quality and we do not intend to sell and it is likely that we will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery. The decline in fair value is largely due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments on the securities. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. No allowance for credit losses for available-for-sale securities was recorded as of March 31, 2025.

Federal agency obligations, residential mortgage-backed pass-through securities and commercial mortgage-backed pass-through securities are issued by U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government sponsored enterprises. Although a government guarantee exists on these investments, these entities are not legally backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government, and the current support they receive is subject to a cap as part of the agreement entered into in 2008. Nonetheless, at this time we do not foresee any set of circumstances in which the government would not fund its commitments on these investments as the issuers are an integral part of the U.S. housing market in providing liquidity and stability. Therefore, we concluded that a zero-allowance approach for these investment securities is appropriate.

Note 5. Derivatives

As part of our overall asset liability management strategy the Company uses derivative instruments, which can include interest rate swaps, collars, caps, and floors. The notional amount does not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and the other terms of the individual agreements. Derivative instruments are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value and are not reported on a net basis.

Derivatives Designated as Hedges

Subsequent changes in fair value for a hedging instrument that has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship are accounted for in the following manner:

1) Cash flow hedges: changes in fair value are recognized as a component in other comprehensive income

2) Fair value hedges: changes in fair value are recognized concurrently in earnings

As long as a hedging instrument is designated and the results of the effectiveness testing support that the instrument qualifies for hedge accounting treatment, 100% of the periodic changes in fair value of the hedging instrument are accounted for as outlined above. This is the case whether or not economic mismatches exist in the hedging relationship. As a result, there is no periodic measurement or recognition of ineffectiveness. Rather, the full impact of hedge gains and losses is recognized in the period in which the hedged transactions impact earnings. The change in fair value of the hedging instrument that is included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness is presented in the same income statement line item that is used to present the earnings effect of the hedged item. As of March 31, 2025, the Bank was not utilizing fair value hedges.

18

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 5. Derivatives – (continued)

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company during 2021, 2022 and 2024 entered into twelve pay fixed-rate interest rate swaps, with a total notional amount of $550 million. These are designated as cash flow hedges of outstanding Federal Home Loan Bank advances. We are required to pay fixed rates of interest ranging from 0.63% to 3.72% and receive variable rates of interest that reset quarterly based on the daily compounding secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”). The twelve swaps carry expiration dates ranging from December 2025 to March 2028. The swaps are determined to be fully effective during the period presented and therefore no amount of ineffectiveness has been included in net income. Therefore, the aggregate fair value of the swap is recorded in other assets (liabilities) with changes in fair value recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The amount included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) would be reclassified to current earnings should the hedges no longer be considered effective. The Company expects the hedges to remain fully effective during the remaining term of the swaps.

The Company previously entered into two forward starting interest rate cap spread transactions, one with a total notional amount of $150 million, which became effective on October 1, 2022 and which matures in October of 2027 and one interest rate cap spread transaction, with a total notional amount of $75 million, which became effective in November 2022 and which matures in November of 2027. These are designated as cash flow hedges of brokered certificates of deposit, and the interest rate cap spread is indexed to a benchmark of fed funds with payment required on a monthly basis. The structure of these instruments is such that the Company entered into a total of $225 million in notional amount of sold interest rate cap agreements, in which we are required to pay the counterparty an incremental amount if the index rate exceeds a set cap rate. Simultaneously, the Company purchased a total of $225 million notional amount of interest rate cap agreements in which we receive an incremental amount if the index rate is above a set cap rate. No payments are required if the index rate is at, or below, the cap rate on the sold or purchased interest rate cap agreements.

Interest income recorded on these swap and interest rate cap transactions totaled approximately $4.1 million and $5.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively, and is recorded as a component of either interest expense on FHLB Advances or on brokered certificates of deposit.

19

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 5. Derivatives – (continued)

The following table presents the net gains (losses) recorded in other comprehensive income and the Consolidated Statements of Income relating to the cash flow hedge derivative instruments for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
|  | Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI (Effective Portion) |  |  | Amount of (gain) loss reclassified from OCI to interest expense |  |  | Amount of gain recognized in other Noninterest income (Ineffective Portion) |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | (3,795 | ) |  | $ | (4,142 | ) |  | $ | - |

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  | Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI (Effective Portion) |  |  | Amount of (gain) loss reclassified from OCI to interest expense |  |  | Amount of gain recognized in other Noninterest income (Ineffective Portion) |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | 12,880 |  |  | $ | (5,629 | ) |  | $ | - |

The following table reflects the cash flow hedges included in the consolidated statements of condition as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Notional Amount |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Notional Amount |  |  | Fair Value |
|  |  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 28,914 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 37,398 |

20

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans Receivable – The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio segments, including net deferred loan fees, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 1,492,920 |  |  | $ | 1,532,730 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 5,837,671 |  |  |  | 5,880,679 |
Commercial construction |  |  | 617,593 |  |  |  | 616,246 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 256,555 |  |  |  | 249,691 |
Consumer |  |  | 1,604 |  |  |  | 1,136 |
Gross loans |  |  | 8,206,343 |  |  |  | 8,280,482 |
Net deferred loan fees |  |  | (5,209 | ) |  |  | (5,672 | )
Total loans receivable |  | $ | 8,201,134 |  |  | $ | 8,274,810 |

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, loans totaling approximately $5.6 billion and $5.8 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the FHLB of New York and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Loans held-for-sale – The following table sets forth the composition of the Company's loans held-for-sale portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Residential real estate |  | $ | 202 |  |  | $ | 743 |

Loans Receivable on Nonaccrual Status - The following tables present the carrying value of nonaccrual loans with an ACL and the carrying value of nonaccrual loans without an ACL as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | Nonaccrual loans with ACL |  |  | Nonaccrual loans without ACL |  |  | Total nonaccrual loans |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 1,809 |  |  | $ | 14,372 |  |  | $ | 16,181 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 666 |  |  |  | 28,443 |  |  |  | 29,109 |
Commercial construction |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 324 |  |  |  | 2,042 |  |  |  | 2,366 |
Total |  | $ | 2,799 |  |  | $ | 47,061 |  |  | $ | 49,860 |

21

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Nonaccrual loans with ACL |  |  | Nonaccrual loans without ACL |  |  | Total nonaccrual loans |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 1,744 |  |  | $ | 14,487 |  |  | $ | 16,231 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 3,822 |  |  |  | 32,664 |  |  |  | 36,486 |
Commercial construction |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 333 |  |  |  | 2,056 |  |  |  | 2,389 |
Total |  | $ | 5,899 |  |  | $ | 51,411 |  |  | $ | 57,310 |

Nonaccrual loans include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated and loans that are individually evaluated.

Credit Quality Indicators - The Company continuously monitors the credit quality of its loans receivable. In addition to its internal monitoring, the Company utilizes the services of a third-party loan review firm to periodically validate the credit quality of its loans receivable on a sample basis. Credit quality is monitored by reviewing certain credit quality indicators. Assets classified “Pass” are deemed to possess average to superior credit quality, requiring no more than normal attention. Assets classified as “Special Mention” have generally acceptable credit quality yet possess higher risk characteristics/circumstances than satisfactory assets. Such conditions include strained liquidity, slow pay, stale financial statements, or other conditions that require more stringent attention from the lending staff. These conditions, if not corrected, may weaken the credit quality or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some future date. Assets are classified “Substandard” if the asset has a well-defined weakness that requires management’s attention to a greater degree than for loans classified special mention. Such weakness, if left uncorrected, could possibly result in the compromised ability of the loan to perform to contractual requirements. An asset is classified as “Doubtful” if it is inadequately protected by the net worth and/or paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral, if any, that secures the obligation. Assets classified as doubtful include assets for which there is a “distinct possibility” that a degree of loss will occur if the inadequacies are not corrected.

22

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

We evaluate whether a modification, extension or renewal of a loan is a current period origination in accordance with GAAP. Generally, loans up for renewal are subject to a full credit evaluation before the renewal is granted and such loans are considered current period originations for purposes of the table below. The following table presents loans by origination, risk designation and gross charge-offs as of and during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (dollars in thousands):

|  | Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans |  |  | Total Gross Loans |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 28,946 |  |  | $ | 62,146 |  |  | $ | 151,217 |  |  | $ | 190,275 |  |  | $ | 230,187 |  |  | $ | 129,297 |  |  | $ | 642,514 |  |  | $ | 1,434,582 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,902 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 351 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 6,681 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 8,934 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,974 |  |  |  | 6,247 |  |  |  | 2,609 |  |  |  | 19,040 |  |  |  | 18,534 |  |  |  | 49,404 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial |  | $ | 28,946 |  |  | $ | 64,048 |  |  | $ | 154,191 |  |  | $ | 196,873 |  |  | $ | 232,796 |  |  | $ | 155,018 |  |  | $ | 661,048 |  |  | $ | 1,492,920 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 113,550 |  |  | $ | 390,234 |  |  | $ | 268,061 |  |  | $ | 1,403,487 |  |  | $ | 1,468,708 |  |  | $ | 1,649,401 |  |  | $ | 378,792 |  |  | $ | 5,672,233 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 51,366 |  |  |  | 1,309 |  |  |  | 74,735 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 127,410 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,448 |  |  |  | 4,229 |  |  |  | 32,351 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 38,028 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial real estate |  | $ | 113,550 |  |  | $ | 390,234 |  |  | $ | 268,061 |  |  | $ | 1,456,301 |  |  | $ | 1,474,246 |  |  | $ | 1,756,487 |  |  | $ | 378,792 |  |  | $ | 5,837,671 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3,555 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3,555 |
Commercial construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 25,440 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,137 |  |  | $ | 8,954 |  |  | $ | 6,236 |  |  | $ | 572,622 |  |  | $ | 615,389 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial construction |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 25,440 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,137 |  |  | $ | 8,954 |  |  | $ | 6,236 |  |  | $ | 574,826 |  |  | $ | 617,593 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 8,979 |  |  | $ | 20,915 |  |  | $ | 14,486 |  |  | $ | 38,961 |  |  | $ | 21,758 |  |  | $ | 110,309 |  |  | $ | 35,389 |  |  | $ | 250,797 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 631 |  |  |  | 2,762 |  |  |  | 3,393 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,506 |  |  |  | 226 |  |  |  | 2,365 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total residential real estate |  | $ | 8,979 |  |  | $ | 20,915 |  |  | $ | 14,486 |  |  | $ | 39,594 |  |  | $ | 21,758 |  |  | $ | 112,446 |  |  | $ | 38,377 |  |  | $ | 256,555 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Consumer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 1,473 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 1,604 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total consumer |  | $ | 1,473 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 1,604 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 152,948 |  |  | $ | 498,755 |  |  | $ | 433,787 |  |  | $ | 1,634,861 |  |  | $ | 1,729,607 |  |  | $ | 1,895,243 |  |  | $ | 1,629,404 |  |  | $ | 7,974,605 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,902 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 51,717 |  |  |  | 1,309 |  |  |  | 82,047 |  |  |  | 2,762 |  |  |  | 139,737 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,974 |  |  |  | 8,328 |  |  |  | 6,838 |  |  |  | 52,897 |  |  |  | 20,964 |  |  |  | 92,001 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Grand total |  | $ | 152,948 |  |  | $ | 500,657 |  |  | $ | 436,761 |  |  | $ | 1,694,906 |  |  | $ | 1,737,754 |  |  | $ | 2,030,187 |  |  | $ | 1,653,130 |  |  | $ | 8,206,343 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3,555 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3,555 |

23

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

The following table presents loans by origination, risk designation and gross charge-offs as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):

|  | Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans |  |  | Total Gross Loans |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 67,298 |  |  | $ | 157,067 |  |  | $ | 194,602 |  |  | $ | 237,065 |  |  | $ | 29,717 |  |  | $ | 111,841 |  |  | $ | 678,206 |  |  | $ | 1,475,796 |
Special mention |  |  | 1,908 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,817 |  |  |  | 2,538 |  |  |  | 1,643 |  |  |  | 6,209 |  |  |  | 17,491 |  |  |  | 32,606 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,019 |  |  |  | 3,705 |  |  |  | 217 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 15,844 |  |  |  | 1,543 |  |  |  | 24,328 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial |  | $ | 69,206 |  |  | $ | 160,086 |  |  | $ | 201,124 |  |  | $ | 239,820 |  |  | $ | 31,360 |  |  | $ | 133,894 |  |  | $ | 697,240 |  |  | $ | 1,532,730 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 1,003 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 316 |  |  | $ | 1,918 |  |  | $ | 3,286 |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 408,314 |  |  | $ | 268,533 |  |  | $ | 1,424,209 |  |  | $ | 1,510,087 |  |  | $ | 339,553 |  |  | $ | 1,357,858 |  |  | $ | 415,286 |  |  | $ | 5,723,840 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 53,642 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 59,719 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 113,361 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,822 |  |  |  | 1,846 |  |  |  | 1,752 |  |  |  | 36,058 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 43,478 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial real estate |  | $ | 408,314 |  |  | $ | 268,533 |  |  | $ | 1,481,673 |  |  | $ | 1,511,933 |  |  | $ | 341,305 |  |  | $ | 1,453,635 |  |  | $ | 415,286 |  |  | $ | 5,880,679 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 10,416 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 10,416 |
Commercial construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 15,390 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,137 |  |  | $ | 8,995 |  |  | $ | 6,518 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 581,002 |  |  | $ | 614,042 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total commercial construction |  | $ | 15,390 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,137 |  |  | $ | 8,995 |  |  | $ | 6,518 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 583,206 |  |  | $ | 616,246 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 17,763 |  |  | $ | 14,542 |  |  | $ | 39,197 |  |  | $ | 21,925 |  |  | $ | 17,339 |  |  | $ | 96,657 |  |  | $ | 36,471 |  |  | $ | 243,894 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 635 |  |  |  | 2,773 |  |  |  | 3,408 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,157 |  |  |  | 364 |  |  |  | 235 |  |  |  | 2,389 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total residential real estate |  | $ | 17,763 |  |  | $ | 14,542 |  |  | $ | 39,830 |  |  | $ | 21,925 |  |  | $ | 18,496 |  |  | $ | 97,656 |  |  | $ | 39,479 |  |  | $ | 249,691 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Consumer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 1,015 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 1,136 |
Special mention |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total consumer |  | $ | 1,015 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 1,136 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 509,780 |  |  | $ | 440,166 |  |  | $ | 1,660,146 |  |  | $ | 1,778,072 |  |  | $ | 393,127 |  |  | $ | 1,566,356 |  |  | $ | 1,711,061 |  |  | $ | 8,058,708 |
Special mention |  |  | 1,908 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 56,459 |  |  |  | 2,538 |  |  |  | 1,643 |  |  |  | 66,563 |  |  |  | 20,264 |  |  |  | 149,375 |
Substandard |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,019 |  |  |  | 8,160 |  |  |  | 2,063 |  |  |  | 2,909 |  |  |  | 52,266 |  |  |  | 3,982 |  |  |  | 72,399 |
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Grand total |  | $ | 511,688 |  |  | $ | 443,185 |  |  | $ | 1,724,765 |  |  | $ | 1,782,673 |  |  | $ | 397,679 |  |  | $ | 1,685,185 |  |  | $ | 1,735,307 |  |  | $ | 8,280,482 |
YTD gross charge-offs |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 1,003 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 10,732 |  |  | $ | 1,918 |  |  | $ | 13,702 |

24

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Collateral Dependent Loans: The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by loan segment as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | Real Estate |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | $ | 9,118 |  |  | $ | 11,382 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 29,109 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 29,109 |
Commercial construction |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,041 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,041 |
Total |  | $ | 35,618 |  |  | $ | 9,118 |  |  | $ | 44,736 |

|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Real Estate |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 2,308 |  |  | $ | 9,222 |  |  | $ | 11,530 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 36,486 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 36,486 |
Commercial construction |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,056 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,056 |
Total |  | $ | 43,054 |  |  | $ | 9,222 |  |  | $ | 52,276 |

25

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Aging Analysis - The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost in past-due loans as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or Greater Past Due and Still Accruing |  |  | Nonaccrual |  |  | Total Past Due and Nonaccrual |  |  | Current |  |  | Gross Loans |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 4,915 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 16,181 |  |  | $ | 21,096 |  |  | $ | 1,471,824 |  |  | $ | 1,492,920 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 8,740 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 29,109 |  |  |  | 37,849 |  |  |  | 5,799,822 |  |  |  | 5,837,671 |
Commercial construction |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 615,389 |  |  |  | 617,593 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 1,174 |  |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,366 |  |  |  | 3,673 |  |  |  | 252,882 |  |  |  | 256,555 |
Consumer |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,604 |  |  |  | 1,604 |
Total |  | $ | 14,829 |  |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 49,860 |  |  | $ | 64,822 |  |  | $ | 8,141,521 |  |  | $ | 8,206,343 |

|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or Greater Past Due and Still Accruing |  |  | Nonaccrual |  |  | Total Past Due and Nonaccrual |  |  | Current |  |  | Gross Loans |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 1,340 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 16,231 |  |  | $ | 17,571 |  |  | $ | 1,515,159 |  |  | $ | 1,532,730 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 36,486 |  |  |  | 36,486 |  |  |  | 5,844,193 |  |  |  | 5,880,679 |
Commercial construction |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 2,204 |  |  |  | 614,042 |  |  |  | 616,246 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 1,991 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,389 |  |  |  | 4,380 |  |  |  | 245,311 |  |  |  | 249,691 |
Consumer |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | 1,136 |
Total |  | $ | 3,331 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 57,310 |  |  | $ | 60,641 |  |  | $ | 8,219,841 |  |  | $ | 8,280,482 |

26

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

The following tables detail the amount of gross loans that are individually analyzed, collectively evaluated, and loans acquired with deteriorated quality, and the related portion of the allowance for credit losses for loans that are allocated to each loan portfolio segment.

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | Commercial |  |  | Commercial real estate |  |  | Commercial construction |  |  | Residential real estate |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually analyzed |  | $ | 323 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 356 |
Collectively evaluated |  |  | 17,535 |  |  |  | 54,553 |  |  |  | 5,030 |  |  |  | 4,752 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 81,874 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  |  | 173 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 173 |
Total |  | $ | 18,031 |  |  | $ | 54,586 |  |  | $ | 5,030 |  |  | $ | 4,752 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 82,403 |
Gross loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually analyzed |  | $ | 15,599 |  |  | $ | 29,109 |  |  | $ | 2,204 |  |  | $ | 2,041 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 48,953 |
Collectively evaluated |  |  | 1,476,908 |  |  |  | 5,808,562 |  |  |  | 615,389 |  |  |  | 254,514 |  |  |  | 1,604 |  |  |  | 8,156,977 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 413 |
Total |  | $ | 1,492,920 |  |  | $ | 5,837,671 |  |  | $ | 617,593 |  |  | $ | 256,555 |  |  | $ | 1,604 |  |  | $ | 8,206,343 |

|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Commercial |  |  | Commercial real estate |  |  | Commercial construction |  |  | Residential real estate |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually analyzed |  | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | 909 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 1,235 |
Collectively evaluated |  |  | 17,740 |  |  |  | 53,868 |  |  |  | 5,064 |  |  |  | 4,561 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 81,238 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  |  | 212 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 212 |
Total |  | $ | 18,278 |  |  | $ | 54,777 |  |  | $ | 5,064 |  |  | $ | 4,561 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 82,685 |
Gross loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually analyzed |  | $ | 15,751 |  |  | $ | 36,486 |  |  | $ | 2,204 |  |  | $ | 2,056 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 56,497 |
Collectively evaluated |  |  | 1,516,557 |  |  |  | 5,844,193 |  |  |  | 614,042 |  |  |  | 247,635 |  |  |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | 8,223,563 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  |  | 422 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 422 |
Total |  | $ | 1,532,730 |  |  | $ | 5,880,679 |  |  | $ | 616,246 |  |  | $ | 249,691 |  |  | $ | 1,136 |  |  | $ | 8,280,482 |

27

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Activity in the Company’s ACL for loans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are summarized in the tables below.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
|  | Commercial |  |  | Commercial real estate |  |  | Commercial construction |  |  | Residential real estate |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Balance as of December 31, 2024 |  | $ | 18,278 |  |  | $ | 54,777 |  |  | $ | 5,064 |  |  | $ | 4,561 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 82,685 |
Charge-offs |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3,555 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3,555 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 155 |
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses - loans |  |  | (402 | ) |  |  | 3,364 |  |  |  | (34 | ) |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 3,118 |
Balance as of March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 18,031 |  |  | $ | 54,586 |  |  | $ | 5,030 |  |  | $ | 4,752 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 82,403 |

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  | Commercial |  |  | Commercial real estate |  |  | Commercial construction |  |  | Residential real estate |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Balance as of December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 20,632 |  |  | $ | 52,278 |  |  | $ | 4,739 |  |  | $ | 4,320 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 81,974 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (300 | ) |  |  | (2,885 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3,185 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 23 |
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses - loans |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 3,401 |  |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | 4,057 |
Balance as of March 31, 2024 |  | $ | 20,735 |  |  | $ | 52,794 |  |  | $ | 5,011 |  |  | $ | 4,326 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 82,869 |

28

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the last 12 months through March 31, 2025. The modification percentage represents the total modified loans as compared to the total gross loan balances as of March 31, 2025.

|  | Amortized Cost Basis at Time of Modification |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Deferral |  |  | Interest Rate Reduction |  |  | Payment Reduction |  |  | Total |  |  | Gross Loans at March 31, 2025 |  |  | Modification % (Modified Loans/Gross Loans) |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | $ | 17,641 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 333 |  |  | $ | 17,974 |  |  | $ | 1,492,920 |  |  |  | 1.20 | %
Commercial real estate |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 63,804 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 63,804 |  |  |  | 5,837,671 |  |  |  | 1.09 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 1,412 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,412 |  |  |  | 256,555 |  |  |  | 0.55 |
Total |  | $ | 19,053 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 63,804 |  |  | $ | 333 |  |  | $ | 83,190 |  |  | $ | 7,587,146 |  |  |  | 1.10 | %

The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the last 12 months through March 31, 2025.

|  | Weighted Average Term Extension (Months) |  |  | Weighted Average Payment Deferral (Months) |  |  | Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction |  |  | Weighted Average Payment Reduction |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - | % |  | $ | 6 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | - |
Residential real estate |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total |  |  | 142 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | $ | 6 |

29

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last 12 months through March 31, 2025.

|  | Current |  |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or Greater Past Due |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | $ | 17,974 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 63,804 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Residential real estate |  |  | 1,412 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total |  | $ | 83,190 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |

There were no modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The modification percentage represents the total modified loans as compared to the total gross loan balances as of March 31, 2024.

|  | Amortized Cost Basis at Time of Modification |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Deferral |  |  | Interest Rate Reduction |  |  | Payment Reduction |  |  | Total |  |  | Gross Loans at March 31, 2024 |  |  | Modification % (Modified Loans/Gross Loans) |
March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | 1,572,494 |  |  |  | 0.01 | %
Commercial real estate |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,829,950 |  |  |  | - |
Residential real estate |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 254,214 |  |  |  | - |
Total |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | 7,656,658 |  |  |  | 0.00 | %

30

Table of Contents

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

|  | Weighted Average Term Extension (Months) |  |  | Weighted Average Payment Deferral (Months) |  |  | Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction |  |  | Weighted Average Payment Reduction |
March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | - | % |  | $ | - |

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

|  | Current |  |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or Greater Past Due |
March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, the Company had no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for which the Company modified the terms of the loans in the form of principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, or a term extension during the current period.

There were no loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default. Default is determined at 90 or more days past due, upon charge-off, or upon foreclosure. Modified loans in default are individually evaluated for the allowance for credit losses or if the modified loan is deemed uncollectible, the loan, or a portion of the loan, is written off and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted accordingly.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Allowance for Credit Losses for Unfunded Commitments

The Company has recorded an ACL for unfunded credit commitments, which was recorded in other liabilities. The provision is recorded within the provision for credit losses on the Company’s income statement. The following table presents a roll forward of the allowance for credit losses for unfunded commitments for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |  |  | March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 2,627 |  |  | $ | 2,811 |
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses - unfunded commitments |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | (57 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 3,009 |  |  | $ | 2,754 |

32

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 6. Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses – (continued)

Components of Provision for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes the provision for (reversal of) credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |  |  | March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Provision for credit losses – loans |  | $ | 3,118 |  |  | $ | 4,057 |
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses - unfunded commitments |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | (57 | )
Provision for credit losses |  | $ | 3,500 |  |  | $ | 4,000 |

33

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

| Level 1: | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

| Level 2: | Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

| Level 3: | Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (for example, supported with little or no market activity).

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

34

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale and Equity Securities: Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 inputs include securities that have quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. Examples of instruments which would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy include municipal bonds and certain agency collateralized mortgage obligations. In certain cases where there is limited activity in the market for a particular instrument, assumptions must be made to determine the fair value of the instruments and these are classified as Level 3. When measuring fair value, the valuation techniques available under the market approach, income approach and/or cost approach are used. The Company’s evaluations are based on market data and the Company employs combinations of these approaches for its valuation methods depending on the asset class.

Derivatives: The fair value of derivatives is based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (level 2). Our derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rate, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services.

For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | March 31, 2025 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
|  | Total Fair Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring fair value measurements: Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 102,761 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 102,761 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 388,349 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 388,349 |  |  |  | - |
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 21,051 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 21,051 |  |  |  | - |
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivision |  |  | 118,657 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 112,020 |  |  |  | 6,637 |
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | 5,004 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,004 |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 859 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 859 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total available-for-sale |  |  | 636,806 |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 630,044 |  |  |  | 6,637 |
Equity securities |  |  | 18,859 |  |  |  | 9,893 |  |  |  | 8,966 |  |  |  | - |
Derivatives |  |  | 28,914 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 28,914 |  |  |  | - |
Total assets |  | $ | 684,579 |  |  | $ | 10,018 |  |  | $ | 667,924 |  |  | $ | 6,637 |

35

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

|  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
|  | Total Fair Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring fair value measurements: Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal agency obligations |  | $ | 84,670 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 84,670 |  |  | $ | - |
Residential mortgage pass- through securities |  |  | 378,838 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 378,838 |  |  |  | - |
Commercial mortgage pass-through securities |  |  | 20,892 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,892 |  |  |  | - |
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivision |  |  | 122,404 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 115,878 |  |  |  | 6,526 |
Corporate bonds and notes |  |  | 4,987 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4,987 |  |  |  | - |
Asset-backed securities |  |  | 885 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 885 |  |  |  | - |
Other securities |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 612,847 |  |  | $ | 171 |  |  | $ | 606,150 |  |  | $ | 6,526 |
Equity securities |  |  | 20,092 |  |  |  | 9,739 |  |  |  | 10,353 |  |  |  | - |
Derivatives |  |  | 37,398 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 37,398 |  |  |  | - |
Total assets |  | $ | 670,337 |  |  | $ | 9,910 |  |  | $ | 653,901 |  |  | $ | 6,526 |

There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company may be required periodically to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting or impairment write-downs of individual assets. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Loans Held-for-Sale: Residential mortgage loans, originated and intended for sale in the secondary market, are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. For these loans originated and intended for sale, gains and losses on loan sales (sale proceeds minus carrying value) are recorded in other income and direct loan origination costs and fees are deferred at origination of the loan and are recognized in other income upon sale of the loan. Management obtains quotes or bids on all or parts of these loans directly from the purchasing financial institutions (Level 2). As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, residential mortgage loans held-for sale were $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively

Other loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value. Fair value of these loans is determined based on the terms of the loan, such as interest rate, maturity date, reset term, as well as sales of similar assets (Level 3). There were no such loans as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

36

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

Collateral Dependent Loans: The Company may record adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements, generally as partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of these loans. These adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral dependent loans calculated in accordance with GAAP. Impairment amounts are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and, as a result, the carrying value of the loan less the calculated impairment amount applicable to that loan does not necessarily represent the fair value of the loan. Real estate collateral is valued using independent appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable by market participants. However, due to the substantial judgment applied and limited volume of activity as compared to other assets, fair value is based on Level 3 inputs. Estimates of fair value used for collateral supporting commercial loans generally are based on assumptions not observable in the marketplace and are also based on Level 3 inputs.

For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, the fair value measurements as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis: |  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Collateral dependent loans: |  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 732 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 732 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 633 |

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis: |  | December 31, 2024 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Collateral dependent loans: |  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 726 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 726 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 2,913 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,913 |

Collateral dependent loans – Collateral dependent loans as of March 31, 2025 that required a valuation allowance were $1.6 million with a related valuation allowance of $0.2 million compared to $4.7 million with a related valuation allowance of $1.1 million as of December 31, 2024.

37

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

Assets Measured with Significant Unobservable Level 3 Inputs

Recurring basis

The tables below present a reconciliation of all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024:

|  | Municipal Securities |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2025 |  | $ | 6,526 |
Principal paydowns |  |  | (78 | )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) |  |  | 189 |
Ending balance, March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 6,637 |

|  | Municipal Securities |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2024 |  | $ | 7,122 |
Principal paydowns |  |  | (304 | )
Changes in unrealized loss |  |  | (292 | )
Ending balance, December 31, 2024 |  | $ | 6,526 |

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The table below provides quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements within Level 3 hierarchy.

March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Input |  | Rate |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Municipal securities |  | $ | 6,637 |  | Discounted cash flows |  | Discount rate |  |  | 4.7 | %

December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Input |  | Rate |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Municipal securities |  | $ | 6,526 |  | Discounted cash flows |  | Discount rate |  |  | 5.0 | %

38

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

Nonrecurring basis: The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for the periods presented. The tables below provide quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements within Level 3 hierarchy of collateral dependent loans.

March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  |  | Valuation Techniques | Unobservable Input |  | Range (weighted average) |
Commercial loans |  | $ | 732 |  |  | Appraisals of collateral value | Adjustment for comparable sales |  | -10% to +5% (-4.3%) |
Commercial real estate loans |  |  | 633 |  |  | Appraisals of collateral value | Adjustment for comparable sales |  | -10% to +5% (-2.17%) |

December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  |  | Valuation Techniques | Unobservable Input |  | Range (weighted average) |
Commercial loans |  | $ | 726 |  |  | Appraisals of collateral value | Adjustment for comparable sales |  |  | -10% to +5% (-4.3%) |
Commercial real estate loans |  |  | 2,913 |  |  | Appraisals of collateral value | Adjustment for comparable sales |  | -40% to +0% (-14.3%) |

39

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

As of March 31, 2025 the fair value measurements presented are consistent with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, in which fair value represents exit price. The following presents the carrying amount, fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements |
|  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 292,603 |  |  | $ | 292,603 |  |  | $ | 292,603 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Securities available-for-sale |  |  | 636,806 |  |  |  | 636,806 |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 630,044 |  |  |  | 6,637 |
Restricted investments in bank stocks |  |  | 37,031 |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |
Equity securities |  |  | 18,859 |  |  |  | 18,859 |  |  |  | 9,893 |  |  |  | 8,966 |  |  |  | - |
Net loans |  |  | 8,118,731 |  |  |  | 7,944,604 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,944,604 |
Derivatives - interest rate contracts |  |  | 28,914 |  |  |  | 28,914 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 28,914 |  |  |  | - |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 46,740 |  |  |  | 46,740 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,271 |  |  |  | 41,469 |
|  |  | . |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing deposits |  |  | 1,319,196 |  |  |  | 1,319,196 |  |  |  | 1,319,196 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 6,448,034 |  |  |  | 6,434,530 |  |  |  | 3,897,811 |  |  |  | 2,536,719 |  |  |  | - |
Borrowings |  |  | 613,053 |  |  |  | 612,806 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 612,806 |  |  |  | - |
Subordinated debentures |  |  | 80,071 |  |  |  | 79,795 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 79,795 |  |  |  | - |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 9,514 |  |  |  | 9,514 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 9,514 |  |  |  | - |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 356,488 |  |  | $ | 356,488 |  |  | $ | 356,488 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Investment securities available-for-sale |  |  | 612,847 |  |  |  | 612,847 |  |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | 606,150 |  |  |  | 6,526 |
Restricted investment in bank stocks |  |  | 40,449 |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |  |  |  | n/a |
Equity securities |  |  | 20,092 |  |  |  | 20,092 |  |  |  | 9,739 |  |  |  | 10,353 |  |  |  | - |
Net loans |  |  | 8,192,125 |  |  |  | 7,980,038 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,980,038 |
Derivatives - interest rate contracts |  |  | 37,398 |  |  |  | 37,398 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 37,398 |  |  |  | - |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 45,498 |  |  |  | 45,498 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,444 |  |  |  | 40,054 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing deposits |  |  | 1,422,044 |  |  |  | 1,422,044 |  |  |  | 1,422,044 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 6,398,070 |  |  |  | 6,387,896 |  |  |  | 3,840,870 |  |  |  | 2,547,026 |  |  |  | - |
Borrowings |  |  | 688,064 |  |  |  | 687,273 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 687,273 |  |  |  | - |
Subordinated debentures |  |  | 79,944 |  |  |  | 77,968 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 77,968 |  |  |  | - |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 9,320 |  |  |  | 9,320 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 9,320 |  |  |  | - |

40

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments – (continued)

The fair value of commitments to originate loans is estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties. For fixed-rate loan commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates. The fair values of letters of credit and lines of credit are based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date. The fair value of commitments to originate loans is immaterial and not included in the tables above.

Changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on these estimated fair values.

The Company’s remaining assets and liabilities, which are not considered financial instruments, have not been valued differently than has been customary with historical cost accounting. No disclosure of the relationship value of the Company’s core deposit base is required by FASB ASC 825-10.

Fair value estimates are based on existing balance sheet financial instruments, without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. For example, there are certain significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets or liabilities, such as deferred taxes, premises and equipment, and goodwill. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

Management believes that reasonable comparability between financial institutions may not be likely, due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and numerous estimates which must be made, given the absence of active secondary markets for many of the financial instruments. This lack of uniform valuation methodologies also introduces a greater degree of subjectivity to these estimated fair values.

Note 8. Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Total comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The Company’s other comprehensive income is comprised of unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available-for-sale, unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, obligations for defined benefit pension plan and an adjustment to reflect the curtailment of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan, each net of taxes.

The following table represents the reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components |  | Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Affected Line item in the Consolidated Statements of Income
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |
Interest income on cash flow hedges |  | $ | 4,142 |  |  | $ | 5,629 |  | Borrowings and deposits expense
|  |  | (1,164 | ) |  |  | (1,582 | ) | Income tax expense
|  | $ | 2,978 |  |  | $ | 4,047 |  |
Amortization of pension plan net actuarial losses |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | (43 | ) | Salaries and employee benefits
|  |  | - |  |  |  | 13 |  | Income tax benefit
|  | $ | - |  |  | $ | (30 | ) |
Total reclassification |  | $ | 2,978 |  |  | $ | 4,017 |  |

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 8. Comprehensive (Loss) Income – (continued)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax |  | $ | (64,170 | ) |  | $ | (69,632 | )
Cash flow hedge, net of tax |  |  | 16,775 |  |  |  | 22,481 |
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans, net of tax |  |  | (695 | ) |  |  | (695 | )
Total |  | $ | (48,090 | ) |  | $ | (47,846 | )

Note 9. Stock-based Compensation

The Company’s stockholders approved the 2017 Equity Compensation Plan (“the Plan”) on May 23, 2017. The Plan eliminates all remaining issuable shares under previous plans and is the only outstanding plan as of March 31, 2025. On May 30, 2023, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the Plan that increased the maximum number of shares issuable to 1,200,000. Grants under the Plan can be in the form of stock options (qualified or non-qualified), restricted shares, deferred stock units or performance units. Shares available for grant and issuance under the Plan as of March 31, 2025 were approximately 236,926. The Company intends to issue all shares under the Plan in the form of newly issued shares.

As of both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any outstanding stock options. Restricted stock and deferred stock units typically have a three-year vesting period starting one year after the date of grant with one-third vesting each year, with accelerated vesting upon a change in control. Restricted stock and deferred stock units granted to new employees and board members may be granted with shorter vesting periods. Grants of performance units typically have a cliff vesting after three years or upon a change of control. All issuances are subject to forfeiture if the recipient is no longer employed prior to the award's vesting. Any forfeitures would result in previously recognized expense being reversed. Restricted stock grants have the same dividend and voting rights as common stock, while options, performance units and deferred stock units do not.

All awards are issued at the fair value of the underlying shares on the grant date. The Company expenses the cost of the awards, which is determined to be the fair market value of the awards at the date of grant, ratably, over the vesting or measurement period. Forfeiture rates are not estimated but are recorded as incurred. Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 was $1.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

Activity in the Company’s restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was as follows:

|  | Nonvested Shares |  |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Nonvested as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | 110,340 |  |  | $ | 18.26 |
Granted |  |  | 41,556 |  |  |  | 23.93 |
Vested |  |  | (38,752 | ) |  |  | 22.18 |
Forfeited/cancelled/expired |  |  | (158 | ) |  |  | 19.01 |
Nonvested as of March 31, 2025 |  |  | 112,986 |  |  | $ | 19.00 |

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 9. Stock-Based Compensation – (continued)

As of March 31, 2025, there was approximately $1.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock granted. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4 years.

A summary of the status of unearned performance unit awards and the change during the period is presented in the table below:

|  | Units (expected) |  |  | Units (maximum) |  |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Unearned as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | 189,672 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 21.52 |
Awarded |  |  | 88,681 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19.01 |
Change in estimate |  |  | 4,197 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32.80 |
Vested shares |  |  | (43,331 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32.80 |
Forfeited/cancelled/expired |  |  | (3,452 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19.01 |
Unearned as of March 31, 2025 |  |  | 235,767 |  |  |  | 383,079 |  |  | $ | 18.74 |

As of March 31, 2025, the specific number of shares related to performance units that were expected to vest was 235,767, determined by actual performance in consideration of the established range of the performance targets, which is consistent with the level of expense currently being recognized over the vesting period. Should this expectation change, additional compensation expense could be recorded in future periods or previously recognized expense could be reversed. As of March 31, 2025, the maximum amount of performance units that ultimately could vest if performance targets were exceeded is 383,079. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, 43,331 shares vested. A total of 23,754 shares were netted from the vested shares to satisfy employee tax obligations. The net shares issued from vesting of performance units during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were 19,577 shares. As of March 31, 2025, compensation cost of approximately $3.4 million related to non-vested performance units not yet recognized is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

A summary of the status of unearned deferred stock units and the changes in deferred stock units during the period is presented in the table below:

|  | Units (expected) |  |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Unearned as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | 181,836 |  |  | $ | 20.32 |
Awarded |  |  | 80,010 |  |  |  | 19.01 |
Vested shares |  |  | (83,489 | ) |  |  | 23.05 |
Unearned as of March 31, 2025 |  |  | 178,357 |  |  | $ | 18.45 |

Any forfeitures would result in previously recognized expense being reversed. A portion of the shares that vest will be netted out to satisfy the tax obligations of the recipient. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, 83,489 shares vested. A total of 44,806 shares were netted from the vested shares to satisfy employee tax obligations. The net shares issued from vesting of deferred stock units during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were 38,683 shares. As of March 31, 2025, compensation cost of approximately $2.6 million related to non-vested deferred stock units, not yet recognized, is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 10. Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost

The Company maintained a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan for substantially all of its employees until June 30, 2007, at which time the Company froze the plan. The following table sets forth the net periodic pension cost of the Company’s pension plan for the periods indicated.

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Affected Line Item in the Consolidated
|  | March 31, |  | Statements of Income
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |  |
Service cost |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |
Interest cost |  |  | 105 |  |  |  | 106 |  | Salaries and employee benefits
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (230 | ) |  |  | (214 | ) | Salaries and employee benefits
Net amortization |  |  | - |  |  |  | 43 |  | Salaries and employee benefits
Total periodic pension income |  | $ | (125 | ) |  | $ | (65 | ) |

Contributions

The Company did not contribute to the Pension Trust during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The Company does not plan on contributing amounts to the Pension Trust for the remainder of 2025. The trust is established to provide retirement and other benefits for eligible employees and their beneficiaries. No part of the trust assets may be applied to any purpose other than providing benefits under the plan and for defraying expenses of administering the plan and the trust.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 11. Deposits

Time Deposits

As of each of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company's total time deposits were $2.6 billion. Included in time deposits were nonreciprocal brokered time deposits of $981.6 million and $907.2 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, the contractual maturities of these time deposits were as follows (dollars in thousands):

2025 |  | $ | 1,761,976 |
2026 |  |  | 663,453 |
2027 |  |  | 54,773 |
2028 |  |  | 69,201 |
2029 |  |  | 1,742 |
thereafter |  |  | 11 |
Time deposits (before net discount) |  | $ | 2,551,156 |
Fair value net discount |  |  | (933 | )
Total time deposits (after net discount) |  | $ | 2,550,223 |

The amount of time deposits with balances greater than or equal to $250,000 was $707.8 million and $731.0 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 12. FHLB Borrowings

The Company’s FHLB borrowings and weighted average interest rates are summarized below:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Amount |  |  | Rate |  |  | Amount |  |  | Rate |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
By remaining period to maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less than 1 year |  | $ | 585,529 |  |  |  | 4.33 | % |  | $ | 660,529 |  |  |  | 4.51 | %
1 year through less than 2 years |  |  | 2,050 |  |  |  | 2.23 |  |  |  | 2,050 |  |  |  | 2.23 |
2 years through less than 3 years |  |  | 252 |  |  |  | 2.85 |  |  |  | 260 |  |  |  | 2.85 |
3 years through less than 4 years |  |  | 25,000 |  |  |  | 4.18 |  |  |  | 25,000 |  |  |  | 4.18 |
4 years through 5 years |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
After 5 years |  |  | 253 |  |  |  | 2.96 |  |  |  | 261 |  |  |  | 2.96 |
FHLB borrowings – gross |  |  | 613,084 |  |  |  | 4.32 | % |  |  | 688,100 |  |  |  | 4.49 | %
Fair value discount |  |  | (31 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (36 | ) |  |  |  |
Total FHLB borrowings |  | $ | 613,053 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 688,064 |  |  |  |  |

The FHLB borrowings are secured by pledges of certain collateral including, but not limited to, U.S. government and agency mortgage-backed securities and a blanket assignment of qualifying first lien mortgage loans, consisting of both residential mortgages and commercial real estate loans.

Advances are payable at stated maturity, with a prepayment penalty for fixed rate advances. All FHLB advances bear fixed rates. The advances as of March 31, 2025 were primarily collateralized by approximately $3.8 billion of commercial mortgage loans and securities, net of required over collateralization amounts, under a blanket lien arrangement. As of March 31, 2025 the Company had a remaining borrowing capacity of approximately $1.2 billion at FHLB.

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CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 13. Subordinated Debentures

During 2003, the Company formed a statutory business trust, which exists for the exclusive purpose of (i) issuing Trust Securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust; (ii) investing the gross proceeds of the Trust securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (subordinated debentures) of the Company; and (iii) engaging in only those activities necessary or incidental thereto. On December 19, 2003, Center Bancorp Statutory Trust II, a statutory business trust and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Parent Corporation issued $5.0 million of MMCapS capital securities to investors due on January 23, 2034. The capital securities presently qualify as Tier I capital. The trust loaned the proceeds of this offering to the Company and received in exchange $5.2 million of the Parent Corporation’s subordinated debentures. The subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or in part prior to maturity. Upon the cessation of publication of LIBOR rates and pursuant to the Federal LIBOR Act and Federal Reserve regulations implementing the Act, the MMCapS capital securities converted effective June 30, 2023 to a new index based on CME Term SOFR, as defined in the LIBOR Act, plus a tenor spread adjustment, which is referred to as the Benchmark Replacement. Therefore, effective for quarterly interest rate resets after July 3, 2023 the subordinated debentures’ floating rate will be three-month CME Term SOFR plus 2.85% plus a tenor spread adjustment of 0.26161%. The rate as of March 31, 2025 was 7.40%. These subordinated debentures and the related income effects are not eliminated in the consolidated financial statements, as the statutory business trust is not consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC 810-10. Distributions on the subordinated debentures owned by the subsidiary trust have been classified as interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table summarizes the mandatory redeemable trust preferred securities of the Company’s Statutory Trust II as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

As of March 31, 2025
Issuance Date |  | Securities Issued |  | Liquidation Value |  | Coupon Rate |  | Maturity |  | Redeemable by Issuer Beginning
12/19/2003 |  | $5,000,000 |  | $1,000 per Capital Security |  | Floating 3-month CME Term SOFR + 285 Basis Points + 26.161 Basis Points |  | 1/23/2034 |  | 1/23/2009
As of December 31, 2024
Issuance Date |  | Securities Issued |  | Liquidation Value |  | Coupon Rate |  | Maturity |  | Redeemable by Issuer Beginning
12/19/2003 |  | $5,000,000 |  | $1,000 per Capital Security |  | Floating 3-month CME Term SOFR + 285 Basis Points+26.161 Basis Points |  | 1/23/2034 |  | 1/23/2009

On June 10, 2020, the Parent Corporation issued $75 million in aggregate principal amount of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the “2020 Notes”). The 2020 Notes bear interest at 5.75% annually from, and including, the date of initial issuance up to, but excluding, June 15, 2025 or the date of earlier redemption, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing December 15, 2020. From and including June 15, 2025 through maturity or earlier redemption, the interest rate shall reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to a benchmark rate, which is Three-Month Term SOFR: (as defined in the Second Supplemental Indenture), plus 560.5 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on June 15, 2025. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the benchmark rate is less than zero, then the benchmark rate shall be deemed to be zero.

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Note 14. Segment Reporting

Accounting policies for segments are the same as those described in Note 1a. Segment performance is evaluated using Consolidated Bank net income. Information reported internally for performance assessment by the CODM follows, inclusive of reconciliations of significant segment totals to the financial statements:

|  | Consolidated Bank |
|  | March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | $ | 124,789 |  |  | $ | 129,607 |
Noninterest income |  |  | 3,749 |  |  |  | 3,599 |
Total segment income |  | $ | 128,538 |  |  | $ | 133,206 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | 57,735 |  |  |  | 67,996 |
Segment net interest income and noninterest income |  |  | 70,803 |  |  |  | 65,210 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for credit losses |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 4,000 |
Salaries and employee benefits |  |  | 22,578 |  |  |  | 22,131 |
Other segment items* |  |  | 16,332 |  |  |  | 14,920 |
Income tax expense |  |  | 7,160 |  |  |  | 5,878 |
Segment consolidated net income |  | $ | 21,233 |  |  | $ | 18,281 |
Other segment disclosures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | $ | 124,789 |  |  | $ | 129,607 |
Interest expense |  |  | 57,735 |  |  |  | 67,996 |
Depreciation |  |  | 1,098 |  |  |  | 1,101 |
Amortization of core deposit intangibles |  |  | 279 |  |  |  | 321 |
Other significant noncash items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for credit losses |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 4,000 |
Segment assets |  |  | 9,751,832 |  |  |  | 9,845,796 |
Total expenses for segment assets |  |  | 107,306 |  |  |  | 114,924 |
Reconciliation of assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets for segment |  | $ | 9,751,832 |  |  | $ | 9,845,796 |
Other assets |  |  | 7,423 |  |  |  | 8,168 |
Total consolidated assets |  | $ | 9,759,255 |  |  | $ | 9,853,964 |

*Other segment items for consolidated bank include expenses for occupancy and equipment, FDIC insurance, professional and consulting, marketing and advertising, merger expenses and other expenses.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The purpose of this analysis is to provide the reader with information relevant to understanding and assessing the Company’s results of operations for the periods presented herein and financial condition as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. In order to fully understand this analysis, the reader is encouraged to review the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Sections 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. This report contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of ConnectOne Bancorp Inc. and its subsidiaries, including statements preceded by, followed by, or that include words or phrases such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continue,” “remain,” “pattern” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “may” or similar expressions. There are a number of important factors that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: (1) competitive pressures among depository institutions may increase significantly; (2) changes in the interest rate environment may reduce interest margins; (3) prepayment speeds, loan origination and sale volumes, charge-offs and credit loss provisions may vary substantially from period to period; (4) general economic conditions may be less favorable than expected or may be adversely effected by policy uncertainties, including regarding the impact of tariffs; (5) political developments, sovereign debt problems, wars or other hostilities such as the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia and instability in the Middle East, may disrupt or increase volatility in securities markets or other economic conditions; (6) legislative or regulatory changes or actions may adversely affect the businesses in which ConnectOne Bancorp is engaged; (7) changes and trends in the securities markets may adversely impact ConnectOne Bancorp; (8) a delayed or incomplete resolution of regulatory issues could adversely impact planning by ConnectOne Bancorp; (9) the impact on reputation risk created by the developments discussed above on such matters as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity could be significant; (10) the outcome of regulatory and legal investigations and proceedings may not be anticipated, and (11) the impact of health emergencies or natural disasters on our employees and operations, and those of our customers. Further information on other factors that could affect the financial results of ConnectOne Bancorp is included in Item 1a. of ConnectOne Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as amended and updated in ConnectOne Bancorp’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These documents are available free of charge at the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov and/or from ConnectOne Bancorp, Inc.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our accounting policies are integral to understanding the results reported. We consider accounting policies that require management to exercise significant judgment or discretion or to make significant assumptions that have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets or on income to be critical accounting policies. As of March 31, 2025, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as compared to the critical accounting policies disclosed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Reference is made to Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Operating Results Overview

Net income available to common stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $18.7 million compared to $15.7 million for the comparable three-month period ended March 31, 2024. The Company’s diluted earnings per share were $0.49 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared with diluted earnings per share of $0.41 for the comparable three-month period ended March 31, 2024. The $3.0 million increase in net income available to common stockholders and the $0.08 increase in diluted earnings per share were due to a $5.5 million increase in net interest income, $0.5 million decrease in provision for credit losses and $0.6 million increase in noninterest income, partially offset by an increase of $2.2 million in noninterest expenses and a $1.3 million increase in income tax expense. Included in noninterest expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $1.3 million in merger expenses related to the previously announced merger with The First of Long Island Corporation. There were no such charges for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Net Interest Income and Margin

Net interest income is the difference between the interest earned on the portfolio of earning assets (principally loans and investments) and the interest paid on deposits and borrowings, which support these assets. Net interest income is presented on a tax-equivalent basis by adjusting tax-exempt income (including interest earned on tax-free loans and on obligations of state and local political subdivisions) by the amount of income tax which would have been paid had the assets been invested in taxable assets. Net interest margin is defined as net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis as a percentage of total average interest-earning assets.

Fully taxable equivalent net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $66.6 million, an increase of $5.5 million, or 9.0%, from the three months ended March 31, 2024.The increase primarily resulted from a 29 basis-point increase in the net interest margin to 2.93% from 2.64%. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, average total loans decreased by $123.8 million, or 1.5% when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The widening of the net interest margin during the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to a 42 basis-point decrease in the average cost of total funds, including noninterest-bearing deposits, partially offset by a nine basis-point decrease in the loan portfolio yield.

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The following table presents for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s average assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity. The Company’s net interest income, net interest spread and net interest margin are also reflected.

Average Statements of Condition with Interest and Average Rates

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest |  |  |  |  |
|  | Average |  |  | Income/ |  |  | Average |  |  | Average |  |  | Income/ |  |  | Average |
|  | Balance |  |  | Expense |  |  | Rate (7) |  |  | Balance |  |  | Expense |  |  | Rate (7) |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities (1) (2) |  | $ | 745,873 |  |  | $ | 6,375 |  |  |  | 3.47 | % |  | $ | 720,303 |  |  | $ | 5,794 |  |  |  | 3.24 | %
Total loans (2) (3) (4) |  |  | 8,209,014 |  |  |  | 115,883 |  |  |  | 5.73 |  |  |  | 8,332,828 |  |  |  | 120,592 |  |  |  | 5.82 |
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks |  |  | 229,491 |  |  |  | 2,466 |  |  |  | 4.36 |  |  |  | 218,212 |  |  |  | 2,906 |  |  |  | 5.36 |
Restricted investment in bank stocks |  |  | 40,334 |  |  |  | 889 |  |  |  | 8.94 |  |  |  | 51,948 |  |  |  | 1,126 |  |  |  | 8.72 |
Total interest-earning assets |  |  | 9,224,712 |  |  |  | 125,613 |  |  |  | 5.52 |  |  |  | 9,323,291 |  |  |  | 130,418 |  |  |  | 5.63 |
Noninterest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses |  |  | (84,027 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (84,005 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other noninterest-earning assets |  |  | 607,920 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 621,467 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 9,748,605 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,860,753 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits |  | $ | 2,480,990 |  |  |  | 25,154 |  |  |  | 4.11 |  |  | $ | 2,567,767 |  |  |  | 28,038 |  |  |  | 4.39 |
Other interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 3,888,131 |  |  |  | 28,838 |  |  |  | 3.01 |  |  |  | 3,696,374 |  |  |  | 32,369 |  |  |  | 3.52 |
Total interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 6,369,121 |  |  |  | 53,992 |  |  |  | 3.44 |  |  |  | 6,264,141 |  |  |  | 60,407 |  |  |  | 3.88 |
Borrowings |  |  | 686,391 |  |  |  | 3,725 |  |  |  | 2.20 |  |  |  | 947,003 |  |  |  | 7,567 |  |  |  | 3.21 |
Subordinated debentures, net |  |  | 79,988 |  |  |  | 1,298 |  |  |  | 6.58 |  |  |  | 79,483 |  |  |  | 1,311 |  |  |  | 6.63 |
Finance lease |  |  | 1,210 |  |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 6.03 |  |  |  | 1,483 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 5.97 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  |  | 7,136,710 |  |  |  | 59,033 |  |  |  | 3.35 |  |  |  | 7,292,110 |  |  |  | 69,307 |  |  |  | 3.82 |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits |  |  | 1,305,722 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,254,201 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  |  | 51,800 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93,624 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities |  |  | 1,357,522 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,347,825 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity |  |  | 1,254,373 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,220,818 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 9,748,605 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,860,753 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (tax-equivalent basis) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 66,580 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61,111 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest spread (5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.17 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.80 | %
Net interest margin (6) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.93 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.64 | %
Tax-equivalent adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  | (824 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (811 | ) |  |  |  |
Net interest income |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 65,756 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 60,300 |  |  |  |  |

(1) | Average balances are based on amortized cost and include equity securities.
(2) | Interest income is presented on a tax-equivalent basis using a 21% assumed tax rate.
(3) | Includes loan fee income and accretion of purchase accounting adjustments.
(4) | Total loans include loans held-for-sale and nonaccrual loans.
(5) | Represents the difference between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities and is presented on a tax- equivalent basis.
(6) | Represents net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis divided by average total interest-earning assets.
(7) | Rates are annualized.

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Noninterest Income

Noninterest income totaled $4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $0.6 million increase in noninterest income during the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to a $0.4 million increase in deposit, loan and other income and a $0.4 million increase in het gains on equity securities, partially offset by a $0.2 million decrease in net gains on sale of loans held-for-sale.

Noninterest Expenses

Noninterest expenses totaled $39.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with $37.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $2.2 million increase in noninterest expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to a $1.3 million increase in merger expenses, a $0.5 million increase in salaries and employee benefits and a $0.3 million BOLI restructuring charge that took place during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increases in merger expenses are due to the planned merger with The First of Long Island Corporation.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in income tax expense was the result of higher income before income tax expense and a decrease in tax-free adjustments. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 was 26.1% and 25.5%, respectively.

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Financial Condition

Loan Portfolio

The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio, excluding loans held-for-sale and net deferred loan fees, by loan segment at the periods indicated.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |  |  | Amount Increase/ |
|  | Amount |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Amount |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | (Decrease) |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Commercial |  | $ | 1,492,920 |  |  |  | 18.2 | % |  | $ | 1,532,730 |  |  |  | 18.5 | % |  | $ | (39,810 | )
Commercial real estate |  |  | 5,837,671 |  |  |  | 71.1 |  |  |  | 5,880,679 |  |  |  | 71.0 |  |  |  | (43,008 | )
Commercial construction |  |  | 617,593 |  |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | 616,246 |  |  |  | 7.4 |  |  |  | 1,347 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 256,555 |  |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | 249,691 |  |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  | 6,864 |
Consumer |  |  | 1,604 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 468 |
Gross loans |  | $ | 8,206,343 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 8,280,482 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | (74,139 | )

As of March 31, 2025, gross loans totaled $8.2 billion, a decrease of $74.1 million or 0.9% compared to December 31, 2024.

While the previous table reflects the classification of our loans by loan portfolio segment, the following tables present further disaggregation of our commercial real estate portfolio along with applicable weighted average loan-to-value ratios, typically determined at loan origination.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Loan-to-Value |  |  | Balance |  |  | Loan-to-Value |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily |  | $ | 2,480,834 |  |  |  | 61 | % |  | $ | 2,496,508 |  |  |  | 61 | %
Nonowner-occupied |  |  | 1,901,499 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 1,965,044 |  |  |  | 53 |
Owner-occupied |  |  | 1,127,288 |  |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | 1,101,034 |  |  |  | 52 |
Land loans |  |  | 327,302 |  |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 317,524 |  |  |  | 45 |
Total commercial real estate loans (before premium) |  | $ | 5,836,923 |  |  |  | 55 | % |  | $ | 5,880,110 |  |  |  | 56 | %
Fair value premium |  |  | 748 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 569 |  |  |  |  |
Total commercial real estate loans |  | $ | 5,837,671 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,880,679 |  |  |  |  |

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The tables above are further broken down in the following tables by geography:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Jersey |  | $ | 1,574,294 |  |  |  | 63.4 | % |  | $ | 1,588,891 |  |  |  | 63.6 | %
New York |  |  | 714,370 |  |  |  | 28.8 |  |  |  | 713,651 |  |  |  | 28.6 |
Florida |  |  | 7,694 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 7,732 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Connecticut |  |  | 36,407 |  |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  | 36,486 |  |  |  | 1.5 |
All Other States |  |  | 148,069 |  |  |  | 6.0 |  |  |  | 149,748 |  |  |  | 6.0 |
Total multifamily loans |  | $ | 2,480,834 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 2,496,508 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nonowner-occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Jersey |  | $ | 800,865 |  |  |  | 42.1 | % |  | $ | 796,785 |  |  |  | 40.5 | %
New York |  |  | 737,348 |  |  |  | 38.8 |  |  |  | 730,145 |  |  |  | 37.2 |
Florida |  |  | 164,212 |  |  |  | 8.6 |  |  |  | 162,184 |  |  |  | 8.3 |
Connecticut |  |  | 70,088 |  |  |  | 3.7 |  |  |  | 47,083 |  |  |  | 2.4 |
All Other States |  |  | 128,986 |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 228,847 |  |  |  | 11.6 |
Total nonowner occupied |  | $ | 1,901,499 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,965,044 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Jersey |  | $ | 498,525 |  |  |  | 44.2 | % |  | $ | 509,151 |  |  |  | 46.3 | %
New York |  |  | 348,437 |  |  |  | 30.9 |  |  |  | 312,514 |  |  |  | 28.4 |
Florida |  |  | 65,175 |  |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 46,540 |  |  |  | 4.2 |
Connecticut |  |  | 5,370 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 36,636 |  |  |  | 3.3 |
All Other States |  |  | 209,781 |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |  |  | 196,193 |  |  |  | 17.8 |
Total owner-occupied |  | $ | 1,127,288 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,101,034 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

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|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Jersey |  | $ | 93,651 |  |  |  | 28.6 | % |  | $ | 78,429 |  |  |  | 24.7 | %
New York |  |  | 100,333 |  |  |  | 30.7 |  |  |  | 110,967 |  |  |  | 35.0 |
Florida |  |  | 130,713 |  |  |  | 39.9 |  |  |  | 125,523 |  |  |  | 39.5 |
Connecticut |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
All Other States |  |  | 2,605 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 2,605 |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Total land |  | $ | 327,302 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 317,524 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

In addition, the following tables present further details with respect to our nonowner-occupied and owner-occupied borrower concentrations included in the commercial real estate segment.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nonowner-occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | $ | 593,086 |  |  |  | 31.2 | % |  | $ | 612,431 |  |  |  | 31.1 | %
Office |  |  | 342,730 |  |  |  | 18.0 |  |  |  | 420,059 |  |  |  | 21.4 |
Warehouse/Industrial |  |  | 215,937 |  |  |  | 11.4 |  |  |  | 213,842 |  |  |  | 10.9 |
Mixed Use |  |  | 134,037 |  |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  | 127,604 |  |  |  | 6.5 |
Other |  |  | 615,709 |  |  |  | 32.4 |  |  |  | 591,108 |  |  |  | 30.1 |
Total nonowner-occupied |  | $ | 1,901,499 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,965,044 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |  |  | Balance |  |  | Percent of Total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | $ | 202,955 |  |  |  | 18.0 | % |  | $ | 203,119 |  |  |  | 18.4 | %
Office |  |  | 93,622 |  |  |  | 8.3 |  |  |  | 94,821 |  |  |  | 8.6 |
Warehouse/Industrial |  |  | 244,956 |  |  |  | 21.7 |  |  |  | 247,413 |  |  |  | 22.5 |
Mixed Use |  |  | 122,730 |  |  |  | 10.9 |  |  |  | 126,783 |  |  |  | 11.5 |
Other |  |  | 463,025 |  |  |  | 41.1 |  |  |  | 428,898 |  |  |  | 39.0 |
Total owner-occupied |  | $ | 1,127,288 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,101,034 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

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Allowance for Credit Losses and Related Provision

The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of current expected credit losses considering available information relevant to assessing collectability of cash flows over the contractual term of the financial assets necessary to cover lifetime expected credit losses inherent in financial assets at the balance sheet date. The methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses is considered a critical accounting policy by management because of the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the assumptions used, and the potential for changes in the forecasted economic environment that could result in changes to the amount of the recorded allowance for credit losses. The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset type on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s allowance for credit losses for loans was $82.4 million, a decrease of $0.3 million from $82.7 million as of December 31, 2024.

The provision for credit losses, which includes a provision for unfunded commitments, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, was $3.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively. The provision for credit losses for the periods presented reflected net portfolio loan growth, charges related to individually evaluated loans, and changing economic forecasts and conditions.

There were $3.4 million of net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $3.2 million of net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average loans receivable for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were 0.17% and 0.15%, respectively.

The level of the allowance for the respective periods of 2025 and 2024 reflects the credit quality within the loan portfolio, loan growth, the changing composition of the commercial and residential real estate loan portfolios and other related factors. In management’s view, the level of the ACL as of March 31, 2025 is adequate to cover credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Management’s judgment regarding the adequacy of the allowance constitutes a “Forward-Looking Statement” under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results could differ materially from management’s analysis, based principally upon the factors considered by management in establishing the allowance.

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Changes in the ACL on loans are presented in the following table for the periods indicated.

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Average loans receivable |  | $ | 8,208,755 |  |  | $ | 8,332,729 |
Analysis of the ACL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance - beginning of quarter |  | $ | 82,685 |  |  | $ | 81,974 |
Charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  |  | - |  |  |  | (300 | )
Commercial real estate |  |  | (3,555 | ) |  |  | (2,885 | )
Total charge-offs |  |  | (3,555 | ) |  |  | (3,185 | )
Recoveries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | 23 |
Total recoveries |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | 23 |
Net charge-offs |  |  | (3,400 | ) |  |  | (3,162 | )
Provision for credit losses – loans |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 4,057 |
Balance - end of period |  | $ | 82,403 |  |  | $ | 82,869 |
Ratio of annualized net charge-offs during the period to average loans receivable during the period |  |  | 0.17 | % |  |  | 0.15 | %
Loans receivable |  | $ | 8,201,134 |  |  | $ | 8,297,957 |
ACL as a percentage of loans receivable |  |  | 1.00 | % |  |  | 1.00 | %

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Asset Quality

The Company manages asset quality and credit risk by maintaining diversification in its loan portfolio and through review processes that include analysis of credit requests and ongoing examination of outstanding loans, delinquencies, and potential problem loans, with particular attention to portfolio dynamics and mix. The Company strives to identify loans experiencing difficulty early on, to record charge-offs promptly based on realistic assessments of current collateral values and cash flows, and to maintain an adequate allowance for credit losses at all times.

It is generally the Company’s policy to discontinue interest accruals once a loan is past due as to interest or principal payments for a period of ninety days. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, interest accruals cease and uncollected accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied against principal. A loan may be restored to an accruing basis when all past due amounts have been collected. Loans past due 90 days or more which are both well-secured and in the process of collection may remain on an accrual basis.

Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and other real estate owned ("OREO"). Nonaccrual loans represent loans on which interest accruals have been suspended. In general, it is the policy of management to consider the charge-off of uncollectible amounts of loans at the point they become past due 90 days.

The following table sets forth, as of the dates indicated, the amount of the Company’s nonperforming assets:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
Nonaccrual loans |  | $ | 49,860 |  |  | $ | 57,310 |
OREO |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total nonperforming assets (1) |  | $ | 49,860 |  |  | $ | 57,310 |

(1) | Nonperforming assets are defined as nonaccrual loans and OREO.

Nonaccrual loans to total loans receivable |  |  | 0.61 | % |  |  | 0.69 | %
Nonperforming assets to total assets |  |  | 0.51 |  |  |  | 0.58 |

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Investment Securities

As of March 31, 2025, the principal components of the securities portfolio were federal agency obligations, mortgage-backed securities, obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions, corporate bonds and notes, asset-backed securities and equity securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, average securities, on an amortized cost basis, increased by $25.6 million to $745.9 million, or 8.1% of average total interest-earning assets, from $720.3 million, or 7.7% of average interest-earning assets, for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

As of March 31, 2025, net unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale, which are carried as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in stockholders’ equity, net of tax, amounted to $64.2 million as compared with net unrealized losses of $69.6 million as of December 31, 2024. The decrease in unrealized losses is predominantly attributable to changes in market conditions and interest rates. Unrealized losses have not been recognized into income because the issuers are of high credit quality, we do not intend to sell, and it is likely that we will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments on the securities. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. The Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2025.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis

The principal objective of our asset and liability management function is to evaluate the interest-rate risk included in certain balance sheet accounts; determine the level of risk appropriate given our business focus, operating environment, and capital and liquidity requirements; establish prudent asset concentration guidelines; and manage the risk consistent with Board approved guidelines. We seek to reduce the vulnerability of our operations to changes in interest rates, and actions in this regard are taken under the guidance of the Bank’s Asset Liability Committee (the “ALCO”). The ALCO generally reviews our liquidity, cash flow needs, maturities of investments, deposits and borrowings, and current market conditions and interest rates.

The Company utilizes a number of strategies to manage interest rate risk including, but not limited to: (i) balancing the types and structures of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities by diversifying mix, coupons, maturities and/or repricing characteristics, (ii) reducing the overall interest rate sensitivity of liabilities by emphasizing core and/or longer-term deposits and utilizing FHLB advances and wholesale deposits for our interest rate risk profile, (iii) managing the investment portfolio for liquidity and interest rate risk profile, and (iv) entering into interest rate swap and cap agreements.

We currently utilize net interest income simulation and economic value of equity (“EVE”) models to measure the potential impact to the Bank of future changes in interest rates. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the results of the models were within guidelines prescribed by our Board of Directors. If model results were to fall outside prescribed ranges, action, including additional monitoring and reporting to the Board, would be required by the ALCO and the Bank’s management.

The net interest income simulation model attempts to measure the change in net interest income over the next one-year period, and over the next three-year period on a cumulative basis, assuming certain changes in the general level of interest rates. The model also utilizes immediate and parallel shifts in market interest rates as of March 31, 2025.

Based on our model, which was run as of March 31, 2025, we estimated that over the next one-year period a 200 basis-point instantaneous and parallel increase in the general level of interest rates would decrease our net interest income by 5.30%, while a 100 basis-point instantaneous and parallel decrease in interest rates would increase net interest income by 2.27%. As of December 31, 2024, we estimated that over the next one-year period a 200 basis-point instantaneous and parallel increase in the general level of interest rates would decrease our net interest income by 8.02% while a 100 basis-point instantaneous and parallel decrease in interest rates would increase net interest income by 3.56%.

Based on our model, which was run as of March 31, 2025, we estimated that over the next three years, on a cumulative basis, a 200 basis-point instantaneous and parallel increase in the general level of interest rates would decrease our net interest income by 0.04%, while a 100 basis-point instantaneous and parallel decrease in interest rates would decrease net interest income by 0.90%. As of December 31, 2024, we estimated that over the next three years, on a cumulative basis, a 200 basis-point instantaneous and parallel increase in the general level of interest rates would decrease our net interest income by 2.08%, while a 100 basis-point instantaneous and parallel decrease in interest rates would increase net interest income by 0.37%.

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An economic value of equity ("EVE") analysis is also used to dynamically model the present value of asset and liability cash flows with instantaneous and parallel rate shocks of up 200 basis points and down 100 basis points. The EVE is likely to be different as interest rates change. Our EVE as of March 31, 2025, would decrease by 5.11% with an instantaneous and parallel rate shock of up 200 basis points, and increase by 0.40% with an instantaneous and parallel rate shock of down 100 basis points. Our EVE as of December 31, 2024, would decrease by 7.87% with an instantaneous and parallel rate shock of up 200 basis points, and increase by 1.67% with an instantaneous and parallel rate shock of down 100 basis-points.

The change in interest rate sensitivity was impacted by changes in overall market interest rates, updates to certain model assumptions, changes in short and intermediate-term fixed rate funding and by the deposit mix shift into certificates of deposit, from both noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing non-maturity deposits.

The following table illustrates the most recent results for EVE and one-year NII sensitivity as of March 31, 2025.

Interest Rates |  |  | Estimated |  |  | Estimated Change in EVE |  |  | Interest Rates |  |  | Estimated |  |  | Estimated Change in NII |
(basis points) |  |  | EVE |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |  |  | (basis points) |  |  | NII |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |
+300 |  |  | $ | 1,234,842 |  |  |  | (120,799 | ) |  |  | (8.91 | ) |  |  | 300 |  |  | $ | 272,777 |  |  | $ | (25,460 | ) |  |  | (8.54 | )
+200 |  |  |  | 1,286,380 |  |  |  | (69,261 | ) |  |  | (5.11 | ) |  |  | 200 |  |  |  | 282,427 |  |  |  | (15,810 | ) |  |  | (5.30 | )
+100 |  |  |  | 1,333,394 |  |  |  | (22,247 | ) |  |  | (1.64 | ) |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | 291,784 |  |  |  | (6,453 | ) |  |  | (2.16 | )
0 |  |  |  | 1,355,641 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 298,237 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
-100 |  |  |  | 1,361,081 |  |  |  | 5,440 |  |  |  | 0.40 |  |  |  | -100 |  |  |  | 305,002 |  |  |  | 6,765 |  |  |  | 2.27 |
-200 |  |  |  | 1,345,654 |  |  |  | (9,987 | ) |  |  | (0.74 | ) |  |  | -200 |  |  |  | 313,477 |  |  |  | 15,240 |  |  |  | 5.11 |
-300 |  |  |  | 1,303,603 |  |  |  | (52,038 | ) |  |  | (3.84 | ) |  |  | -300 |  |  |  | 320,752 |  |  |  | 22,515 |  |  |  | 7.55 |

Certain model limitations are inherent in the methodology used in the EVE and net interest income measurements. The models require the making of certain assumptions which may tend to oversimplify the way actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. The models assume that the composition of the Company’s interest sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remain constant over the period being measured, thus they do not consider the Company’s strategic plans, or any other steps it may take to respond to changes in rates over the forecasted period of time. Additionally, the models assume immediate changes in interest rates, based on yield curves as of a point-in-time, which are reflected in a parallel, instantaneous and uniform manner across all yield curves, when in reality changes may rarely be of this nature. The models also utilize data derived from historical performance and as interest rates change the actual performance of loan prepayments, rate sensitivities, and average life assumptions may deviate from assumptions utilized in the models and can impact the results. Accordingly, although the above measurements provide an indication of the Company’s interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates. Given the nature and speed with which interest rates change, the projections noted above on the Company’s EVE and net interest income can be expected to differ from actual results.

Estimates of Fair Value

The estimation of fair value is significant to a number of the Company’s assets, including loans held-for-sale and securities available-for-sale. These are all recorded at either fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. Fair values are volatile and may be influenced by a number of factors. Circumstances that could cause estimates of the fair value of certain assets and liabilities to change include a change in prepayment speeds, discount rates, or market interest rates. Fair values for most available-for-sale securities are based on quoted market prices. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic condition risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

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Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto presented elsewhere herein have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, which requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of operations; unlike most industrial companies, nearly all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are monetary. As a result, interest rates have a greater impact on performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.

Liquidity

Management actively monitors and manages its liquidity position to determine any current or potential future liquidity needs. Liquidity is a measure of a bank’s ability to fund loans, withdrawals or maturities of deposits, and other cash outflows in a cost-effective manner. Our principal sources of funds are deposits, scheduled amortization and prepayments of loan principal, maturities of investment securities, and funds provided by operations. While scheduled loan payments and maturing investments are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flow and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.

Liquidity and funding needs are managed through the Bank's Treasury functions and the Asset Liability Committee. An internal policy addresses liquidity and funds management and management monitors the adherence to policy limits to satisfy current and potential future cash flow needs. The policy includes internal limits, deposit concentrations, liquidity sources and availability, stress testing, collateral management, contingency funding plan and other qualitative and quantitative metrics.

As of March 31, 2025, the amount of liquid assets remained at a level management deemed adequate to ensure that, on a short and long-term basis, contractual liabilities, depositors’ withdrawal requirements, and other operational and client credit needs could be satisfied. As of March 31, 2025, liquid assets (cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks and unencumbered investment securities) were $574.7 million, which represented 5.9% of total assets and 6.9% of total deposits and borrowings, compared to $799.7 million as of December 31, 2024, which represented 8.1% of total assets and 9.4% of total deposits and borrowings. As of March 31, 2025, not included in the above liquid assets were securities with a market value of $102.5 million which were pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank and securities with a market value of $143.2 which were pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, which supported aggregate unutilized borrowing capacity of $102.2 million and $137.5 million, respectively as of March 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, not included in the above liquid assets were securities with a market value of $102.5 million which were pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank, which support aggregate unutilized borrowing capacity of $95.2 million as of December 31, 2024.

The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and, based on available qualified collateral as of March 31, 2025, had the ability to borrow $2.4 billion. The Bank also has a credit facility established with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for direct discount window borrowings based on pledged collateral and had the ability to borrow $1.6 billion as of March 31, 2025. In addition, as of March 31, 2025, the Bank had in place borrowing capacity of $280 million through correspondent banks and other unsecured borrowing lines. As of March 31, 2025, the Bank had aggregate available and unused credit of approximately $3.1 billion, which represents the aforementioned facilities totaling $4.3 billion net of $1.3 billion in outstanding borrowings and letters of credit. As of March 31, 2025, outstanding commitments for the Bank to extend credit were approximately $1.2 billion.

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $292.6 million as of March 31, 2025, decreasing by $63.9 million from $356.5 million as of December 31, 2024. Operating activities provided $14.9 million in net cash. Investing activities provided $59.2 million in net cash, primarily reflecting a decrease in loans. Financing activities used $138.0 million in net cash, primarily reflecting $75.0 million in net repayments of FHLB borrowings and a $52.9 million decrease in deposits.

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Deposits

Deposits are our primary source of funds. Noninterest bearing demand deposit products include “Totally Free Checking” and “Simply Better Checking” for consumer clients and “Small Business Checking” and “Analysis Checking” for commercial clients. Interest-bearing checking accounts require minimum balances for both consumer and commercial clients and include “Consumer Interest Checking” and “Business Interest Checking”. Money market accounts consist of products that provide a market rate of interest to depositors. Our savings accounts offer paper and/or electronic statements. Time deposits ("TD") are for non-retirement and IRA accounts, generally with initial maturities ranging from 31 days to 60 months, and brokered TDs, which we use for asset liability management purposes and to supplement other sources of funding. Many of our deposit products can be accessed through both our branches and online to provide ease of access to our clients and communities. CDARS/ICS reciprocal deposits are offered based on the Bank’s participation in the IntraFi Network LLC ("the Network"). Clients, who are Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance sensitive, are able to place large dollar deposits with the Company and the Company utilizes CDARS to place those funds into certificates of deposit issued by other banks in the Network. This occurs in increments of less than the FDIC insurance limits so that both the principal and interest are eligible for FDIC insurance coverage in amounts larger than the insured dollar amount. Unless certain conditions are satisfied, the FDIC considers these funds as brokered deposits for certain reporting requirements. The Bank also utilizes internet listing services deposits which are obtained through the use of websites such as Rateline or QwickRate.

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The following table sets forth the average balances and weighted average rates of our deposits for the periods indicated.

|  | Quarter-to-Date Average March 31, 2025 |  |  | Quarter-to-Date Average March 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Rate |  |  | Balance |  |  | Rate |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand, noninterest-bearing |  | $ | 1,305,722 |  |  |  | - | % |  | $ | 1,254,201 |  |  |  | - | %
Demand, interest-bearing & NOW |  |  | 3,231,342 |  |  |  | 2.96 |  |  |  | 3,254,823 |  |  |  | 3.58 |
Savings |  |  | 656,789 |  |  |  | 3.23 |  |  |  | 441,551 |  |  |  | 3.08 |
Time |  |  | 2,480,990 |  |  |  | 4.11 |  |  |  | 2,567,767 |  |  |  | 4.39 |
Total average deposits |  | $ | 7,674,843 |  |  |  | 2.85 | % |  | $ | 7,518,342 |  |  |  | 3.23 | %

Average total deposits increased by $156.5 million, or 2.1%, during the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in total average deposits was attributed to increases in savings deposits of $215.2 million and noninterest-bearing deposits of $51.5 million, partially offset by decreases in time deposits of $86.7 million and interest-bearing demand deposits of $23.5 million.

The decrease in average time deposits of $86.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was attributed to decreases in nonreciprocal brokered time deposits of $49.6 million, CDARs of $33.2 million and internet listing services of $19.1 million, partially offset by increases in retail time deposits of $15.2 million.

Average aggregate demand deposits included $1.1 billion in ICS reciprocal deposits, during both the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024. Average time deposits during the three months ended March 31, 2025 included $58.5 million in CDARS, compared to $91.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in CDARS was attributed to maturities that did not renew.

The beta, which is the measurement of deposit rate sensitivity in response to market rate changes, on nonreciprocal brokered deposits tends to be higher than that of ICS and CDARS reciprocal deposits, as nonreciprocal brokered time deposits are more directly correlated to prevailing market rates of interest, while ICS and CDARs reciprocal deposits reflect the Bank’s relationship with reciprocal deposit clients and are more driven by a desire for FDIC insurance coverage than market leading rates.

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The following table sets forth information related to the uninsured deposit balances of the Bank.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Balance |  |  | Balance |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
As stated in FFIEC 041-Consolidated Report of Condition, schedule RC-O: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Bank unconsolidated deposits (including affiliate and subsidiary accounts) |  | $ | 12,046,232 |  |  | $ | 11,996,115 |
Estimated uninsured deposits |  |  | 6,999,118 |  |  |  | 6,883,241 |
The Company, on a consolidated basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total deposits |  | $ | 7,767,230 |  |  | $ | 7,820,114 |
Estimated uninsured deposits (excluding affiliate and subsidiary accounts) |  |  | 2,669,393 |  |  |  | 2,713,019 |

The following table sets forth the distribution of total actual deposit accounts, by account types for the periods indicated.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Amount |  |  | Percent of total |  |  | Amount |  |  | Percent of total |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand, noninterest-bearing |  | $ | 1,319,196 |  |  |  | 17.0 | % |  | $ | 1,422,044 |  |  |  | 18.2 | %
Demand, interest-bearing & NOW |  |  | 3,197,242 |  |  |  | 41.2 |  |  |  | 3,248,731 |  |  |  | 41.5 |
Savings |  |  | 700,568 |  |  |  | 9.0 |  |  |  | 592,139 |  |  |  | 7.6 |
Time |  |  | 2,550,224 |  |  |  | 32.8 |  |  |  | 2,557,200 |  |  |  | 32.7 |
Total deposits |  | $ | 7,767,230 |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 7,820,114 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %

Total deposits decreased by $52.9 million, or 0.7%, when compared to December 31, 2024. The decrease in total deposits was primarily attributed to decreases in noninterest-bearing demand deposits of $102.8 million, interest-bearing demand deposits of $51.5 million, and time deposits of $7.0 million, partially offset by increases in savings deposits of $108.4 million.

Aggregate demand deposits included $1.0 billion and $1.1 billion in ICS reciprocal deposits as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Total time deposits as of March 31, 2025 include $47.8 million in CDARS, compared to $60.3 million as of December 31, 2024.

Included in time deposits were nonreciprocal brokered deposits of $981.6 million as of March 31, 2025, which increased from $907.2 million as of December 31, 2024.

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As of March 31, 2025, we held $674.3 million of time deposits balances greater than $250,000. The following table provides information on the maturity distribution of the time deposits with balances greater than $250,000 as of March 31, 2025:

|  | March 31, 2025 |
|  | (dollars in thousands) |
3 months or less |  | $ | 235,330 |
Over 3 to 6 months |  |  | 244,402 |
Over 6 to 12 months |  |  | 156,374 |
Over 12 months |  |  | 38,157 |
Total |  | $ | 674,263 |

Subordinated Debentures

During December 2003, Center Bancorp Statutory Trust II, a statutory business trust and wholly owned subsidiary of the Parent Corporation issued $5.0 million of MMCapS capital securities to investors due on January 23, 2034. The trust loaned the proceeds of this offering to the Parent Corporation and received in exchange $5.2 million of the Parent Corporation’s subordinated debentures. The subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or part prior to maturity. Upon the cessation of publication of LIBOR rates and pursuant to the Federal LIBOR Act and Federal Reserve regulations implementing the Act, the MMCapS capital securities converted as of June 30, 2023 to a new index based on CME Term SOFR, as defined in the LIBOR Act, plus a tenor spread adjustment, which is referred to as the Benchmark Replacement. Effective for quarterly interest rate resets after July 3, 2023 the subordinated debentures' floating rate will be three-month CME Term SOFR plus 2.85% plus a tenor spread adjustment of 0.26161%. The rate as of March 31, 2025 was 7.40%.

During June 2020, the Parent Corporation issued $75 million in aggregate principal amount of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the “2020 Notes”). The 2020 Notes bear interest at 5.75% annually from, and including, the date of initial issuance up to, but excluding, September 15, 2025 or the date of earlier redemption, payable semi-annually in arrears on September 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing December 15, 2020. From and including September 15, 2025 through maturity or earlier redemption, the interest rate shall reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to a benchmark rate, which is Three-Month Term SOFR (as defined in the Second Supplemental Indenture), plus 560.5 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on June 15, 2025. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the benchmark rate is less than zero, then the benchmark rate shall be deemed to be zero.

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Stockholders’ Equity

The Company’s stockholders’ equity increased by $11.2 million when compared to December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in retained earnings of $11.8 million. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s tangible common equity ratio and tangible book value per share were 9.73% and $24.16, respectively, compared to 9.49% and $23.92, respectively, as of December 31, 2024. Total goodwill and other intangible assets were $212.7 million as of March 31, 2025, and $213.0 million as of December 31, 2024.

The following table reconciles common equity to tangible common equity and the tangible common equity ratio.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | (dollars in thousands, except for per share data) |
Stockholders equity |  | $ | 1,252,939 |  |  | $ | 1,241,704 |
Less: preferred stock |  |  | (110,927 | ) |  |  | (110,927 | )
Common equity |  | $ | 1,142,012 |  |  | $ | 1,130,777 |
Less: intangible assets |  |  | (212,732 | ) |  |  | (213,011 | )
Tangible common stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 929,280 |  |  | $ | 917,766 |
Total assets |  | $ | 9,759,255 |  |  | $ | 9,879,600 |
Less: intangible assets |  |  | (212,732 | ) |  |  | (213,011 | )
Tangible assets |  | $ | 9,546,523 |  |  | $ | 9,666,589 |
Common stock outstanding at period end |  |  | 38,469,975 |  |  |  | 38,370,317 |
Tangible common equity ratio (1) |  |  | 9.73 | % |  |  | 9.49 | %
Book value per common share |  | $ | 29.69 |  |  | $ | 29.47 |
Less: intangible assets |  |  | 5.53 |  |  |  | 5.55 |
Tangible book value per common share |  | $ | 24.16 |  |  | $ | 23.92 |

(1) | Tangible common equity ratio is tangible common equity divided by tangible assets and is a non-GAAP measure.

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Regulatory Capital and Capital Adequacy

The maintenance of a solid capital foundation is a primary goal for the Company. Accordingly, capital plans, stock repurchases and dividend policies are monitored on an ongoing basis. The Company’s objective with respect to the capital planning process is to effectively balance the retention of capital to support future growth with the goal of providing stockholders with an attractive long-term return on their investment.

The Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory guidelines establishing minimum capital standards that involve quantitative measures of assets, and certain off-balance sheet items, as risk-adjusted assets under regulatory accounting practices.

The following is a summary of regulatory capital amounts and ratios as of March 31, 2025 for the Company and the Bank, compared with minimum capital adequacy requirements and the regulatory requirements for classification as a well-capitalized depository institution (for the Bank).

|  |  |  |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes |  |  | To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions |
The Company |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |  |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |  |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |
As of March 31, 2025 |  | (dollars in thousands) |
Tier 1 leverage capital |  | $1,090,769 |  |  | 11.33 | % |  | $384,955 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
CET I risk-based ratio |  | 974,687 |  |  | 11.14 |  |  | 393,857 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 risk-based capital |  | 1,090,769 |  |  | 12.46 |  |  | 525,143 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Total risk-based capital |  | 1,251,008 |  |  | 14.29 |  |  | 700,190 |  |  | 8.00 |  |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |

N/A - not applicable

|  |  |  |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes |  |  | To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions |
The Bank |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |  |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |  |  | Amount |  |  | Ratio |
As of March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage capital |  | $1,121,771 |  |  | 11.67 | % |  | $384,611 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 480,764 |  |  | 5.00 | %
CET I risk-based ratio |  | 1,121,771 |  |  | 12.82 |  |  | 393,050 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | 568,894 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier 1 risk-based capital |  | 1,121,771 |  |  | 12.82 |  |  | 525,133 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | 700,178 |  |  | 8.00 |
Total risk-based capital |  | 1,207,010 |  |  | 13.79 |  |  | 700,178 |  |  | 8.00 |  |  | 875,222 |  |  | 10.00 |

As of March 31, 2025, both the Company and Bank satisfy the capital conservation buffer requirements applicable to them. The lowest ratio at the Company is the Total Risk Based Capital Ratio which was 3.79% above the minimum buffer ratio and, at the Bank, the lowest ratio was the Total Risk Based Capital Ratio which was 3.29% above the minimum buffer ratio.

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Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risks

Market Risk

Interest rate risk management is our primary market risk. See “Item 2- Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis” herein for a discussion of our management of our interest rate risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

a) Disclosure controls and procedures. As of the end of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and are operating in an effective manner and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

b) Changes in internal controls over financial reporting. There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is not subject to any legal proceedings, which could have a materially adverse impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

Item 1a. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risks inherent in our business from those described under Item 1A – Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Share Repurchase Program

Historically, repurchases have been made from time to time as, in the opinion of management, market conditions warranted, in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the Company did not repurchase any shares. As of March 31, 2025, shares remaining for repurchase under the program were 641,118.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5 Other Information

Not applicable

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No. |  | Description
31.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Parent Corporation Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Parent Corporation Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Parent Corporation Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Parent Corporation Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf, by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CONNECTONE BANCORP, INC.

(Registrant)

By: | /s/ Frank Sorrentino III |  | By: | /s/ William S. Burns
| Frank Sorrentino III |  |  | William S. Burns
| Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |  |  | Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
| Date: May 2, 2025 |  |  | Date: May 2, 2025

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