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Basis of Presentation, Economic Conditions and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation | Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries and are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) applicable for interim periods and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management’s opinion, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for our interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be achieved for the entire 2020 fiscal year. The financial information as of December 31, 2019 is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 ("COVID-19") Pandemic | Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) Pandemic. Beginning in March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted our industry, causing demand for our products, primarily in our aerospace and automotive end markets, to decline. We instituted operational measures in response to financial impacts caused by the reduced demand. In March 2020, we suspended repurchases of our common stock. During the quarter ended June 30, 2020, we: (i) began limiting capital spending to critical sustaining projects (see Note 2 for discussion of idled projects); (ii) early settled firm commitments with corresponding fair value hedges and reduced forecasts with respect to purchase transactions with corresponding cash flow hedges (see Note 5); (iii) settled all outstanding available for sale securities (see Note 5); (iv) issued $350.0 million of new unsecured senior notes (see Note 6); and (v) initiated a plan of restructuring (see Note 9). For additional discussion related to the COVID-19 pandemic, see Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 1A. Risk Factors, both of which are included in this Report.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements | Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities known to exist as of the date the financial statements are published and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Uncertainties with respect to such estimates and assumptions are inherent in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements; accordingly, it is possible that the actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, which could have a material effect on the reported amounts of our consolidated financial position and results of operations. The severity, magnitude and duration, as well as the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, are uncertain, rapidly changing and difficult to predict. Therefore, our accounting estimates and assumptions may change over time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and may change materially in future periods. We adjust the amount of revenue recognized on all products, regardless of timing of revenue recognition, for variable price consideration, which could include metal market price adjustments, volume related adjustments and sales discounts. For the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $15.0 million in Net sales from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods related to variable consideration from customers.
New Accounting Pronouncements | Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), was issued in June 2016. Under ASU 2016-13, existing guidance on reporting credit losses for trade and other receivables and available for sale debt securities have been replaced with a new forward-looking “expected loss” model that has resulted in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. Our adoption of ASU 2016-13 during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 using the modified retrospective transition approach did not result in a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. As part of our assessment of the adequacy of our allowances for credit losses, we consider a number of factors including, but not limited to, customer credit ratings, bankruptcy filings, published or estimated credit default rates, age of receivables, expected loss rates and collateral exposures. ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”), was issued in August 2018. Under ASU 2018-15, requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement (cloud computing) that is a service contract are to be aligned with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. We adopted ASU 2018-15 during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 using the prospective transition approach. The implementation costs we capitalized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 we re included in both Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The corresponding cash flows related to these arrangements we re included in Net cash provided by operating activities in our Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. Accounting Pronouncements Issued But Not Yet Adopted ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), was issued in December 2019. Under ASU 2019-12, the accounting for income taxes is simplified by eliminating certain exceptions and implementing additional requirements which result in a more consistent application of ASC 740 Income Taxes. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2019-12 in 2021, but do not expect it to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Leases | We determine whether an agreement is a lease at inception. We have operating and finance leases for equipment and real estate that primarily have fixed lease payments. Our leases have remaining lease terms of approximately one to 13 years, some of which may include options to extend the lease for up to 20 years, and some of which may include options to terminate the lease within one year. None of our options to extend or terminate are reasonably certain of being exercised, and are therefore not included in our determination of lease assets and liabilities. Short-term leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use information available at the lease commencement date in determining an incremental borrowing rate when calculating our operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities. In determining the inputs to the incremental borrowing rate calculation, we make judgments about the value of the leased asset, our credit rating and the lease term, including the probability of our exercising options to extend or terminate the underlying lease. Additionally, we make judgments around contractual asset substitution rights in determining whether a contract contains a lease. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately. These non-lease components include items such as common area maintenance, taxes and insurance for our real estate leases, as well as maintenance charges related to our equipment leases. We have, however, applied the practical expedient within ASU 2016-02 to not separate lease and non-lease components to our embedded supply system equipment leases and have therefore accounted for both lease and non‑lease components in determining the lease assets and liabilities. Many of our equipment leases contain clauses that require us to return the equipment with certain functionality intact. We account for these costs as residual value guarantees when the guarantee becomes probable of being owed. Our lease agreements do not contain any material restrictive covenants.

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