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Note 10. Income Taxes Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of pre-tax income (loss) for domestic and foreign operations | The components of pretax income for domestic and foreign operations consisted of the following:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Domestic | $ | 204 |  |  | $ | 365 |  |  | $ | 351 |
Foreign | 1 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 10 |
Pretax income | $ | 205 |  |  | $ | 369 |  |  | $ | 361 |
Schedule of income tax provision | The components of income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Current: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (13 | ) |  | $ | (7 | ) |  | $ | 10 |
State | 5 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 8 |
Foreign | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |
Total current | (6 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | 20 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 62 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | 107 |
State | 9 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 16 |
Foreign | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Total deferred | 71 |  |  | (63 | ) |  | 124 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | (65 | ) |  | $ | 144 |
Schedule of effective income tax rate | A reconciliation of the Company’s effective income tax rate at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to the actual expense was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Federal statutory rate | 21 | % |  | 35 | % |  | 35 | %
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefits | 6 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Impact of the 2017 Tax Act | — |  |  | (50 | ) |  | — |
Non-deductible equity compensation | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Non-deductible executive compensation | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other permanent differences | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Uncertain tax positions | (1 | ) |  | (9 | ) |  | — |
Net change in valuation allowance | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |
Effective tax rate | 32 | % |  | (18 | %) |  | 40 | %
Schedule of deferred income tax assets and liabilities | Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences between the amount of assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting and tax purposes. The components of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities, as of December 31, are as follows:
| 2018 |  | 2017
Deferred income tax assets: |  |  |
Net operating loss carryforwards | $ | 241 |  |  | $ | 288 |
Tax credit carryforwards | 24 |  |  | 35 |
Accrued liabilities and deferred income | 92 |  |  | 85 |
Minimum pension obligations | 16 |  |  | 16 |
Provision for doubtful accounts | 7 |  |  | 8 |
Liability for unrecognized tax benefits | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Interest rate swaps | 5 |  |  | 2 |
Total deferred tax assets | 386 |  |  | 435 |
Less: valuation allowance | (18 | ) |  | (13 | )
Total deferred income tax assets after valuation allowance | 368 |  |  | 422 |
Deferred income tax liabilities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 747 |  |  | 736 |
Prepaid expenses | 8 |  |  | 2 |
Basis difference in investment in joint ventures | 1 |  |  | 10 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 756 |  |  | 748 |
Net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | (388 | ) |  | $ | (326 | )
Schedule of the rollforward of unrecognized tax benefits | The rollforward of unrecognized tax benefits are summarized in the table below:
Unrecognized tax benefits—January 1, 2016 | $ | 78 |
Gross increases—tax positions in prior periods | 3 |
Reduction due to lapse of statute of limitations | (3 | )
Unrecognized tax benefits—December 31, 2016 | 78 |
Gross increases—tax positions in prior periods | 1 |
Gross decreases—tax positions in prior periods | (54 | )
Reduction due to lapse of statute of limitations | (3 | )
Unrecognized tax benefits—December 31, 2017 | 22 |
Reduction due to lapse of statute of limitations | (2 | )
Unrecognized tax benefits—December 31, 2018 | $ | 20 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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