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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Comparison of key assumptions used in impairment assessment | The following table provides a comparison of key assumptions used in the Company's impairment assessment performed in the first quarter of 2020 compared to the prior assessment performed in the fourth quarter of 2019:
|  | Weighted Average Cost of Capital |  | Long-term Growth Rates
|  | First Quarter 2020 |  | Fourth Quarter 2019 |  | First Quarter 2020 |  | Fourth Quarter 2019
Realogy Franchise Group |  | 10.0% |  | 8.5% |  | 2.5% |  | 2.5%
Realogy Brokerage Group |  | 11.0% |  | 9.0% |  | 2.0% |  | 2.0%
Realogy Title Group |  | 11.0% |  | 9.5% |  | 2.5% |  | 2.5%
Goodwill by segment and changes in the carrying amount | Goodwill by reporting unit and changes in the carrying amount are as follows:
| Realogy Franchise Group |  | Realogy Brokerage Group |  | Realogy Title Group |  | Total Company
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | 2,476 |  |  | $ | 669 |  |  | $ | 155 |  |  | $ | 3,300 |
Goodwill acquired | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Impairment loss | — |  |  | (413) |  |  | — |  |  | (413) |
Balance at September 30, 2020 | $ | 2,476 |  |  | $ | 256 |  |  | $ | 155 |  |  | $ | 2,887 |
Accumulated impairment losses (a) | $ | 1,160 |  |  | $ | 808 |  |  | $ | 324 |  |  | $ | 2,292 |
_______________ (a)Includes impairment charges which reduced goodwill by $413 million, $237 million, $1,153 million and $489 million during the first quarter of 2020, third quarter of 2019, fourth quarter of 2008 and fourth quarter of 2007, respectively.
Intangible Assets | Intangible assets are as follows:
| As of September 30, 2020 |  | As of December 31, 2019
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable—Franchise agreements (a) | $ | 2,019 |  |  | $ | 910 |  |  | $ | 1,109 |  |  | $ | 2,019 |  |  | $ | 859 |  |  | $ | 1,160 |
Indefinite life—Trademarks (b) (c) | $ | 643 |  |  |  |  | $ | 643 |  |  | $ | 673 |  |  |  |  | $ | 673 |
Other Intangibles |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortizable—License agreements (d) | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 33 |
Amortizable—Customer relationships (e) | 71 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 14 |
Indefinite life—Title plant shares (f) | 20 |  |  |  |  | 20 |  |  | 19 |  |  |  |  | 19 |
Amortizable—Other (g) | 23 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 6 |
Total Other Intangibles | $ | 159 |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 69 |  |  | $ | 162 |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 72 |
_______________ (a)Generally amortized over a period of 30 years. (b)Primarily related to real estate franchise brands which are expected to generate future cash flows for an indefinite period of time. (c)Realogy Franchise Group trademarks was impaired by $30 million during the first quarter of 2020. (d)Relates to the Sotheby’s International Realty® and Better Homes and Gardens® Real Estate agreements which are being amortized over 50 years (the contractual term of the license agreements). (e)Relates to the customer relationships at Realogy Title Group and Realogy Brokerage Group. These relationships are being amortized over a period of 2 to 12 years. (f)Ownership in a title plant is required to transact title insurance in certain states. The Company expects to generate future cash flows for an indefinite period of time. (g)Consists of covenants not to compete which are amortized over their contract lives and other intangibles which are generally amortized over periods ranging from 5 to 10 years.
Intangible asset amortization expense | Intangible asset amortization expense is as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Franchise agreements | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 51 |
License agreements | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Customer relationships | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |
Other | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 4 |
Total | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 58 |

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