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Restructuring Costs (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Related Costs The components of the restructuring charges were as follows:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202320222023 2022
Personnel-related costs (1)$$$16 $
Facility-related costs (2)24 14 
Total restructuring charges (3)$$16 $40 $23 
_______________
(1)Personnel-related costs consist of severance costs provided to employees who have been terminated.
(2)Facility-related costs consist of costs associated with planned facility closures such as contract termination costs, amortization of lease assets that will continue to be incurred under the contract for its remaining term without economic benefit to the Company, accelerated depreciation on asset disposals and other facility and employee relocation related costs.
(3)Restructuring charges for the three months ended September 30, 2023 include $8 million of expense related to the Operational Efficiencies Plan and $1 million of expense related to prior restructuring plans. Restructuring charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 include $36 million of expense related to the Operational Efficiencies Plan and $4 million of expense related to prior restructuring plans. Restructuring charges for the three months ended September 30, 2022 include $10 million of expense related to the Operational Efficiencies Plan and $6 million of expense related to prior restructuring plans. Restructuring charges for
the nine months ended September 30, 2022 include $10 million of expense related to the Operational Efficiencies Plan and $13 million of expense related to prior restructuring plans.
Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost
The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserve balances related to the Plan:
Personnel-related costsFacility-related costs Total
Balance at December 31, 2022$10 $$12 
Restructuring charges (1)16 20 36 
Costs paid or otherwise settled(17)(16)(33)
Balance at September 30, 2023$$15 
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(1)In addition, the Company incurred $10 million of facility-related costs for lease asset impairments in connection with the Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Schedule of Expected Restructuring Costs by Cost Type
The following table shows the total costs currently expected to be incurred by type of cost related to the Plan:
Total amount expected to be incurred Amount incurred
to date
 Total amount remaining to be incurred
Personnel-related costs$31 $30 $
Facility-related costs28 26 
Total$59 $56 $
Schedule of Expected Restructuring Costs by Business Segment
The following table shows the total costs currently expected to be incurred by reportable segment related to the Plan:
Total amount expected to be incurred Amount incurred
to date
 Total amount remaining to be incurred
Franchise Group$11 $10 $
Owned Brokerage Group39 37 
Title Group— 
Corporate and Other— 
Total$59 $56 $