As part of restructuring and integration activities, the Company has incurred expenses that qualify as exit and disposal costs under U.S. GAAP. These include severance and employee benefit costs as well as other direct separation benefit costs. Severance and employee benefit costs primarily relate to cash severance and non-cash severance, including accelerated equity award compensation expense. The Company also incurs expenses that are an integral component of, and directly attribute to, its restructuring and integration activities, which do not qualify as exit and disposal costs under U.S. GAAP. These include integration implementation costs that relate primarily to professional fees and non-cash losses incurred on debt extinguishment.

The expense associated with integration initiatives are included in Selling, General, and Administrative and the expense associated with restructuring activities are included in Restructuring expense in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Non-cash costs related to debt extinguishment in the financing of the transaction is recorded in Other expense (income), net in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Following the acquisition of Knoll, the Company announced a multi-year program (the "Knoll Integration") designed to reduce costs and integrate and optimize the combined organization. The Company currently expects that the Knoll Integration will result in pre-tax costs of approximately $100 million to $120 million, comprised of the following categories:

•Severance and employee benefit costs associated with plans to integrate the Company's operating structure, resulting in workforce reductions. These costs will primarily include: severance and employee benefits (cash severance and non-cash severance, including accelerated stock-compensation award expense and other termination benefits).

•Exit and disposal activities include those incurred as a direct result of integration activities, primarily including contract and lease terminations and asset impairment charges.

•Other integration costs include professional fees and other incremental third-party expenses, including a loss on extinguishment of debt associated with financing of the acquisition.

For the year ended May 28, 2022, the Company incurred $107.9 million of costs related to the Knoll Integration including: $51.1 million of severance and employee benefit costs, $15.5 million of non-cash asset impairments, $13.4 million of non-cash costs related to debt-extinguishment in the financing of the transaction, and $27.9 million of other integration costs.

The following table provides an analysis of the changes in liability balance for Knoll Integration costs that qualify as exit and disposal costs under U.S. GAAP (i.e., severance and employee benefit costs and exit and disposal activities) for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2022:


(In millions)	Severance and Employee Benefit		Exit and Disposal Activities		Total
May 29, 2021	$	—	$	—	$	—
Integration Costs	51.1		15.5		66.6
Amounts Paid	(35.2)		—		(35.2)
Non-cash costs	(14.5)		(15.5)		(30.0)
May 28, 2022	$	1.4	$	—	$	1.4


	Twelve Months Ended
(In millions)	May 28, 2022		May 29, 2021
Americas Contract	$	5.1	$	—
International Contract	1.1		—
Retail	0.5		—
Knoll	60.3		—
Corporate	40.9		—
Total	$	107.9	$	—

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company announced a facilities consolidation plan related to its International Contract segment. This impacted certain office and manufacturing facilities in the United Kingdom and China. The plan was expected to generate cost savings of approximately $3 million. To date, the Company recognized restructuring and impairment expenses of $5.9 million, with a net credit of $1.9 million recognized in fiscal 2021 and the remainder in fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018. These expenses related to the facilities consolidation plan, comprised primarily of an asset impairment recorded against an office building in the United Kingdom that was vacated and the consolidation of the Company's manufacturing facilities in China. No future restructuring costs related to the plan are expected as the plan is substantially complete.

The office building and related assets in China were sold in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, resulting in a gain of approximately $3.4 million. The office building and related assets in the United Kingdom were sold in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, resulting in a nominal gain. Both of these gains are included within Restructuring expense in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Americas Contract segment initiated restructuring discussions with labor unions related to its Healthcare operation in Wisconsin. To date, the Company has recorded approximately $3.1 million in pre-tax restructuring expense related to this plan, with a net credit of $0.1 million recognized in fiscal 2021 and the remainder in fiscal 2020. The plan is complete and no future costs related to this plan are expected.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company initiated a reorganization of the Global Sales and Product teams. The reorganization activities occurred primarily in the North America business with additional costs incurred internationally. To date, the Company has recorded a total of $2.6 million in pre-tax restructuring expense related to this plan. The reorganization is complete and no future costs related to this plan are expected.

In the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company announced a reorganization of the Global Retail segment's leadership team. The Company recognized pre-tax severance and employee related restructuring expense of $2.2 million related to the plan. No material future restructuring costs related to the plan are expected as the plan is substantially complete.


(In millions)	Severance and Employee-Related		Exit or Disposal Activities		Total
May 30, 2020	$	5.9	$	0.8	$	6.7
Restructuring Costs	(1.7)		(2.0)		(3.7)
Amounts Paid	(3.3)		(0.1)		(3.4)
Other*	—		1.9		$	1.9
May 29, 2021	$	0.9	$	0.6	$	1.5
Restructuring Costs	—		—		—
Amounts Paid	(0.5)		—		(0.5)
Other*	—		—		—

May 28, 2022	$	0.4	$	0.6	$	1.0

*This represents the gains on the sales of office buildings and related assets in China and the United Kingdom offset by other non-cash charges. The gains and other non-cash charges were recorded as restructuring cost, but do not impact the restructuring reserve.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company announced a restructuring plan (“May 2020 restructuring plan") to substantially reduce expenses in response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions. These activities included voluntary and involuntary reductions in its North American and international workforces. Combined, these actions resulted in the elimination of approximately 400 full-time positions throughout the Company in various businesses and functions. As the result of these actions, the Company projects an annualized expense reduction of approximately $40 million. To date, the Company incurred severance and related charges of $18.7 million with $3.4 million recognized in fiscal 2021 and the remainder in fiscal 2020. No material future restructuring costs related to the plan are expected.

During fiscal 2022, the Company incurred no restructuring costs separate from the Knoll Integration costs discussed above. The following is a summary of restructuring expenses by segment for the fiscal years indicated: