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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION | 9 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION | ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “we,” “our,” “us,” “CSWC,” or the “Company” refer to Capital Southwest Corporation, unless the context requires otherwise. Organization Capital Southwest Corporation is an internally managed investment company that specializes in providing customized financing to middle market companies in a broad range of investment segments located primarily in the United States. CSWC has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the 1940 Act. Our common stock currently trades on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “CSWC.” We have elected, and intend to qualify annually, to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As such, we generally will not have to pay U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates on any ordinary income or capital gains that we distribute to our shareholders as dividends. To continue to maintain our RIC tax treatment, we must meet specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and timely distribute annually at least 90% of our net ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any. We may be subject to U.S. federal income tax and a 4% U.S. federal excise tax on any income that we do not timely distribute to our shareholders. Our U.S. federal income tax liability may be reduced to the extent that we make certain distributions during the following calendar year and satisfy other procedural requirements. We focus on investing in companies with histories of generating revenues and positive cash flow, established market positions and proven management teams with strong operating discipline. Our core business is to target senior debt investments and equity investments in lower middle market (“LMM”) companies. Our target companies typically have annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) generally between $3.0 million and $25.0 million, and our investments generally range in size from $5.0 million to $50.0 million. We make available significant managerial assistance to the companies in which we invest as we believe that providing managerial assistance to an investee company is critical to its business development activities. Capital Southwest Equity Investments, Inc. (the “Taxable Subsidiary”), Capital Southwest SPV LLC (“SPV”), and Capital Southwest SBIC I, LP (“SBIC I”) are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company and are consolidated in its financial statements. The Taxable Subsidiary was formed to permit us to hold certain interests in portfolio companies that are organized as limited liability companies, or LLCs (or other forms of pass-through entities) and still allow us to satisfy the RIC tax requirement that at least 90% of our gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes must consist of qualifying investment income. The Taxable Subsidiary has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and is subject to U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates based on its taxable income. SPV is a special purpose vehicle that was formed to hold investments for the SPV Credit Facility (as defined below) to support our investment and operating activities. On April 20, 2021, SBIC I received a license from the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) to operate as a small business investment company ("SBIC") under Section 301(c) of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, as amended. SBIC I has an investment strategy substantially similar to ours and makes similar types of investments in accordance with SBA regulations. SBIC I and its general partner are consolidated for financial reporting purposes under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("U.S. GAAP"), and the portfolio investments held by it are included in the consolidated financial statements. On December 9, 2024, the Company received a "green light" letter from the SBA inviting the Company to file its application to obtain a license to operate a second SBIC subsidiary. Receipt of a green light letter provides no assurances that the SBA will ultimately issue an SBIC license, and the Company has received no assurance or indication from the SBA as such, or of a timeframe in which it would receive its second SBIC license, should one be granted. Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We meet the definition of an investment company and follow the accounting and reporting guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies (“ASC 946”). Under rules and regulations applicable to investment companies, we are generally precluded from consolidating any entity other than another investment company, subject to certain exceptions. One of the exceptions to this general principle occurs if the investment company has an investment in an operating company that provides services to the investment company. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements include the Taxable Subsidiary, SPV, and SBIC I. The consolidated financial statements are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP are omitted. In the opinion of our management, the unaudited consolidated financial results included herein contain all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for the fair presentation of consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full fiscal year. Also, the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts and disclosures reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes known, which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein. Portfolio Investment Classification We classify our investments in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, “Control Investments” are generally defined as investments in which we own more than 25% of the voting securities; “Affiliate Investments” are generally defined as investments in which we own between 5% and 25% of the voting securities, and the investments are not classified as “Control Investments”; and “Non-Control/Non-Affiliate Investments” are generally defined as investments that are neither “Control Investments” nor “Affiliate Investments.” Under the 1940 Act, a BDC must meet certain requirements, including investing at least 70% of its total assets in qualifying assets. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 89.7% of its total assets (at fair value) in qualifying assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our business are: (1)securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions) is an "eligible portfolio company," or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an eligible portfolio company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"); (2)securities of any eligible portfolio company that we control; (3)securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements; (4)securities of an eligible portfolio company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no readily available market for such securities and we already own 60% of the outstanding equity of the eligible portfolio company; (5)securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities; and (6)cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment. Additionally, in order to qualify for RIC tax treatment for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must, among other things meet the following requirements: (1) continue to maintain our election as a BDC under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year; (2) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities, loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities, net income from certain "qualified publicly traded partnerships," or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock or securities; and (3) diversify our holdings in accordance with two diversification requirements: (a) diversify our holdings such that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. Government securities, securities of other RICs, and such other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and (b) diversify our holdings such that no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, (i) of one issuer, (ii) of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable Code rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) of certain "qualified publicly traded partnerships" (collectively, the "Diversification Requirements"); The two Diversification Requirements must be satisfied quarterly. If a RIC satisfies the Diversification Requirements for one quarter, and then, due solely to fluctuations in market value, fails to meet one of the Diversification Requirements in the next quarter, it retains RIC tax treatment. A RIC that fails to meet the Diversification Requirements as a result of a non-qualified acquisition may be subject to excess taxes unless the non-qualified acquisition is disposed of and the Diversification Requirements are satisfied within 30 days of the close of the quarter in which the Diversification Requirements are failed. For the quarter ended December 31, 2024, the Company satisfied all RIC requirements and had 11.1% of its total assets in nonqualified assets according to measurement criteria established in Section 851(d) of the Code.

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