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Revenue Recognition
 3 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition
4. REVENUE RECOGNITION
We determine the amount of revenue to be recognized through application of the following steps:
 
  •  
Identification of the contract with a customer;
 
  •  
Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
 
  •  
Determination of the transaction price;
 
  •  
Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
 
  •  
Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies the performance obligations.
Essentially all of Neogen’s revenue is generated through contracts with its customers. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a product or service to a customer. We generally recognize revenue at a point in time when all of our performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products and services in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. The collectability of consideration on the contract is reasonably assured before revenue is recognized. To the extent that customer payment has been received before all recognition criteria are met, these revenues are initially deferred in other accruals on the balance sheet and the revenue is recognized in the period that all recognition criteria have been met.
Certain agreements with customers include discounts or rebates on the sale of products and services applied retrospectively, such as volume rebates achieved by purchasing a specified purchase threshold of goods and services. We account for these discounts as variable consideration and estimate the likelihood of a customer meeting the threshold in order to determine the transaction price using the most predictive approach. We typically use the most-likely-amount method, for incentives that are offered to individual customers, and the expected-value method, for programs that are offered to a broad group of customers. Variable consideration reduces the amount of revenue that is recognized. Rebate obligations related to customer incentive programs are recorded in accrued liabilities; the rebate estimates are adjusted at the end of each applicable measurement period based on information currently available.
The performance obligations in Neogen’s contracts are generally satisfied well within one year of contract inception. In such cases, management has elected the practical expedient to not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component. Management has elected to utilize the practical expedient to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred because the amortization period for the prepaid costs that would otherwise have been deferred and amortized is one year or less. We account for shipping and handling for products as a fulfillment activity when goods are shipped. Shipping and handling costs that are charged to and reimbursed by the customer are recognized as revenues, while the related expenses incurred by Neogen are recorded in sales and marketing expense. Revenue is recognized net of any tax collected from customers; the taxes are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Our terms and conditions of sale generally do not provide for returns of product or reperformance of service except in the case of quality or warranty issues. These situations are infrequent; due to immateriality of the amount, warranty claims are recorded in the period incurred.
The Company derives revenue from two primary sources—product revenue and service revenue.
Product revenue consists of shipments of:
 
  •  
Diagnostic test kits, culture media and related products used by food producers and processors to detect harmful natural toxins, foodborne bacteria, allergens and levels of general sanitation;
 
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Consumable products marketed to veterinarians, retailers, livestock producers and animal health product distributors; and
  •  
Rodenticides, disinfectants and insecticides to assist in the control of rodents, insects and disease in and around agricultural, food production and other facilities.
Revenues for our products are recognized and invoiced when the product is shipped to the customer.
Service revenue consists primarily of:
 
  •  
Genomic identification and related interpretive bioinformatic services; and
 
  •  
Other commercial laboratory services.
Revenues for Neogen’s genomics and commercial laboratory services are recognized and invoiced when the applicable laboratory service is performed and the results are conveyed to the customer.
Payment terms for products and services are generally 30 to 60 days.
The following table presents disaggregated revenue by major product and service categories for the three month periods ended August 31, 2021 and 2020:
 
    
Three Months ended August 31,
  
(in thousands)
   
2021
     
2020
  
Food Safety
                  
Natural Toxins, Allergens & Drug Residues
    $ 20,408      $ 19,015  
Bacterial & General Sanitation
      11,165        9,931  
Culture Media & Other
      18,046        12,171  
Rodenticides, Insecticides & Disinfectants
      7,649        8,830  
Genomics Services
      5,454        4,238  
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
     $ 62,722      $ 54,185  
Animal Safety
                  
Life Sciences
    $ 1,363      $ 1,325  
Veterinary Instruments & Disposables
      15,337        10,375  
Animal Care & Other
      9,219        7,658  
Rodenticides, Insecticides & Disinfectants
      22,149        19,914  
Genomics Services
      17,515        15,868  
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
     $ 65,583      $ 55,140  
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
Total Revenues
    $  128,305      $  109,325