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Share-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Share-Based Compensation [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation

Note 7—Share-Based Compensation

As of December 31, 2011, we had five share-based compensation plans which are described below: the 2002 Stock Option Plan, the 1995 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan for key employees, the 1996 Non-Employee Director's Stock Option Plan (collectively the "Stock Option Plans"), the 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") and the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the "SERP").

In the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 we recorded share-based compensation of $282,000, $317,000 and $393,000, respectively resulting from our ESPP. With respect to our SERP, we recorded share-based compensation of $444,000, $400,000 and $315,000 (representing the company's 25% match of participants' deferrals) for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Additionally in 2011, 2010 and 2009, we recorded share-based compensation expense from our issuance of stock options, from the 2002 Stock Option Plan, of $1,870,000, $1,015,000 and $681,000, respectively.

Stock Option Plans

The Nominating, Compensation and Stock Option Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for determining the individuals who will be granted options, the number of options each individual will receive, the option price per share (in accordance with the terms of our option plans), and the exercise period of each option.

Incentive Stock Options

As of December 31, 2011, 3,444,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under our stock option plans, including 1,349,000 shares which are available for future grant. The incentive stock option price will not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date the option is granted. No option grant will have a term in excess of ten years. The options are exercisable over a five to ten year period. The options granted in 2011, 2010 and 2009 become vested and exercisable ratably over a five year period on each yearly anniversary date of the option grant.

A summary of incentive stock option activity is as follows:

 

    2011                 2010                 2009          
    Weighted
Average
price
     Number of
Shares
         Weighted
Average
price
     Number of
Shares
         Weighted
Average
price
     Number of
Shares
 

Beginning of period

  $ 10.24         1,974,000        $ 8.48         1,904,000        $ 7.55         1,532,000   

Granted

    16.11         432,000          14.31         514,000          10.39         591,000   

Cancelled

    12.49         (84,000       9.29         (33,000       12.35         (46,000

Exercised

    6.72         (227,000       7.27         (411,000       5.70         (173,000
 

 

 

 

End of period

  $ 11.73         2,095,000        $ 10.24         1,974,000        $ 8.48         1,904,000   
 

 

 

 

The weighted average grant-date fair value of incentive stock options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $3.26, $3.98 and $2.76 per common share, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes information about incentive stock options outstanding at December 31, 2011.

 

    Options Outstanding           Options Exercisable  
Exercise Price Range   Number
Outstanding
     Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
price
           Number
Exercisable
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 

$2.412.50

    86,000         0.94       $ 2.45            86,000       $ 2.45   

  3.68

    191,000         1.97         3.68            191,000         3.68   

  6.07

    136,000         2.99         6.07            136,000         6.07   

  10.39

    475,000         6.95         10.39            171,000         10.39   

$13.9316.11

    1,207,000         7.80         14.83            265,000         14.05   
 

 

 

 
    2,095,000         6.48       $ 11.73            849,000       $ 8.53   
 

 

 

 

Non-Qualified Options

As of December 31, 2011, 1,325,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under our non-qualified stock option plans, including 509,000 shares which are available for future grant. The non-qualified options were granted at option prices which were not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date the options were granted. The options granted in 2011, 2010 and 2009 become vested and exercisable ratably over a five year period on each yearly anniversary date of the option grant.

A summary of non-qualified stock option activity is as follows.

 

    2011     2010     2009  
    Weighted
Average
price
     Number
of Shares
    Weighted
Average
price
     Number
of Shares
    Weighted
Average
price
     Number
of Shares
 

Beginning of period

  $ 7.04         1,028,000      $ 6.05         1,173,000      $ 5.85         1,317,000   

Granted

    16.11         78,000        14.31         156,000        10.39         41,000   

Cancelled

    13.93         (12,000     9.20         (8,000     10.76         (3,000

Exercised

    3.47         (277,000     6.87         (293,000     5.49         (182,000
 

 

 

 

End of period

  $ 9.02         817,000      $ 7.04         1,028,000      $ 6.05         1,173,000   
 

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The weighted average grant-date fair value of non-qualified stock options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $3.26, $3.98 and $2.76 per common share, respectively.

The following table summarizes information about non-qualified stock options outstanding at December 31, 2011.

 

    Options Outstanding      Options Exercisable  
Exercise Price Range   Number
Outstanding
     Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
price
     Number
Exercisable
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 

$2.50

    98,000         0.95       $ 2.50         98,000       $ 2.50   

  3.68

    167,000         1.99         3.68         167,000         3.68   

  6.07

    164,000         2.99         6.07         164,000         6.07   

10.39

    35,000         7.01         10.39         12,000         10.39   

$13.9316.11

    353,000         7.55         14.58         100,000         14.04   
 

 

 

 
    817,000         4.69       $ 9.02         541,000       $ 6.26   
 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Valuation Estimates

The fair value of options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model based on the following assumptions:

 

    2011    2010    2009

Risk-free interest rate

  2.60%    2.50%    2.49%

Weighted average expected life in years — Incentive Options

  7.4 years    4.5 years    4.5 years

Non-Qualified options

  7.4 years    4.5 years    4.5 years

Expected volatility

  27.4%    42.1%    41.0%

Dividend yield

  3.66%    3.45%    3.64%

Forfeiture rate

  3.81%    3.88%    5.80%

Other Information

Other information pertaining to activity of our Stock Option Plans during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was as follows:

 

    2011      2010      2009  

Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised

  $ 5,059,000       $ 5,613,000       $ 2,434,000   

Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options

  $ 19,570,000       $ 21,393,000       $ 20,759,000   

Total grant-date fair value of stock options granted

  $ 1,477,000       $ 2,176,000       $ 1,545,000   

Total fair value of options vested during period

  $ 1,551,000       $ 579,000       $ 372,000   

As of December 31, 2011, the unrecognized compensation related to stock options was approximately $3,547,000. This cost is expected to be expensed over a four year period.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Since January 1, 2000, we have had a non-compensatory ESPP for all eligible employees. All full-time and certain part-time employees who have completed two years of continuous service with us are eligible to participate. The ESPP was implemented through five annual offerings. On January 1, 2000, the first annual offering commenced. On February 12, 2004 (effective January 1, 2004), our Board of Directors extended the ESPP for an additional eight annual offerings. On April 12, 2011, the Board of Directors extended the ESPP for an additional five offerings through 2016. Annual offerings commence and terminate on the respective year's first and last calendar day. Under the ESPP, we are authorized to issue up to 4,050,000 shares of our common stock to our employees. Pursuant to such authorization, we have 2,620,000 shares available for future grant at December 31, 2011. Furthermore, under the terms of the ESPP, eligible employees can choose each year to have up to $25,000 of their annual earnings withheld to purchase our Common Stock. The purchase price of the stock is 85% of the lower of its beginning or end of the plan year market price.

The following table summarizes information about our ESPP annual offerings for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009:

 

    ESPP Annual Offering
    2011    2010    2009

Common shares purchased

  71,000    75,000    74,000

Per common share purchase Price

  $13.83    $12.07    $9.01

Amount expensed under ESPP

  $282,000    $317,000    $393,000

Common shares date of issue

  Jan. 4, 2012    Jan. 6, 2011    Jan. 4, 2010

 

Deferred Compensation Plan

Since January 1, 2000, we have had a SERP for certain key executives and employees. The SERP is not qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code. Effective in Plan year 2010, the Plan was amended to allow participants to defer up to 25% of their earned income on a pre-tax basis. Prior to the amendment, participants were eligible to defer up to 15% of their earned income on a pre-tax basis. As of the last day of each plan year, each participant will receive a 25% match of up to 15% of their deferral in the form of our Common Stock based on the then current market value. The 2010 amendment increased the deferral amount to 25% of their earned income on a pre-tax basis, but the 25% match is still limited to a maximum of 15% of eligible participants' deferral. SERP participants fully vest in our matching contribution three years from the first day of the initial year of participation. The income deferred and our matching contributions are unsecured and subject to the claims of our general creditors. Under the SERP, we are authorized to issue up to 675,000 shares of our common stock to our employees. Pursuant to such authorization, we have 486,000 shares available for future grant at December 31, 2011 (after deducting the 2011 funding of 26,000 shares delivered in 2012). In the aggregate, since initiation of the SERP, the Company's 25% match has resulted in 528,000 shares (including the 2011 funding of shares delivered in 2012) being issued to the trustee. At the time of issuance, such shares were accounted for at cost, as treasury stock. At December 31, 2011, approximately 257,000 of such shares are vested and remain in the respective active participants' accounts. The following table summarizes information about our SERP for the plan years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009:

 

SERP Plan Year  
    2011     2010     2009  

Amount of company match expensed under SERP

  $ 444,000      $ 400,000      $ 315,000   

Treasury shares issued to fund SERP expense

    26,000        25,000        15,000   

SERP trust account balance at December 31

  $ 18,942,000 (1)    $ 16,534,000 (1)    $ 14,591,000 (1) 

Unrealized gain (loss) recorded in SERP liability account

  $ (104,000   $ 1,325,000      $ 1,797,000