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Common Stock Warrants
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Common Stock Warrants  
Common Stock Warrants


Before the Closing, Zanite had 11,500,000 redeemable warrants available as part of the units sold in the initial public offering (the "Public Warrants") and 14,250,000 redeemable warrants in private placements (the "Private Placement Warrants"). The exercise period of the Public and Private Placement Warrants started 30 days after the Closing and will terminate on the earlier of five years after the Closing date, the date fixed by the Company to redeem all of the warrants, or the liquidation of the Company.

Warrants Classified as Equity

Public Warrants

Each Public Warrant entitles its holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, to be exercised only for a whole number of shares of our common stock. The Public Warrants became exercisable 30 days after the Closing (i.e., on June 8, 2022), provided that we have an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available (or we permit holders to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis under the circumstances specified in the warrant agreement) and such shares are registered, qualified or exempt from registration under the securities, or blue sky, laws of the state of residence of the holder. The Public Warrants expire five years after the Closing or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, we may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants at a price of $0.01 per warrant, if the last sale price of our common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading days period ending on the third business day before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.


Upon the Closing, all shares of Zanite Class A and Class B common stock were converted into, on a one-for-one basis, shares of common stock of Eve. As such, in a hypothetical change-in-control scenario, all holders of the stock would receive cash. Additionally, the Public Warrants are indexed to the Company’s own stock. Thus, at the Closing, the Public Warrants valued at $10,580,000 were reclassified from liability to equity.

New Warrants

The Company has entered into warrant agreements with certain strategic private investment in public equity investors ("Strategic PIPE Investors"), including United, pursuant to which and subject to the terms and conditions of each applicable warrant agreement. The Company has issued or has agreed to issue to the Strategic PIPE Investors warrants (the "New Warrants") to purchase an aggregate amount of (i) 24,095,072 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.01 per share ("Penny Warrants"), (ii) 12,000,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $15.00 per share, and (iii) 5,000,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $11.50 per share. Warrants with exercise prices of $15.00 and $11.50 per share are defined as Market Warrants.


Because the cash received for the common stock and New Warrants is significantly different from their fair value, management considers such warrants to have been issued other than at fair market value. Accordingly, such warrants represent units of account separate from the shares of common stock that were issued to the Strategic PIPE Investors in connection with their respective PIPE Investments and therefore require separate accounting treatment.


Terms related to the issuance and exercisability of the New Warrants differ among the Strategic PIPE Investors and each New Warrant is independently exercisable such that the exercise of any individual warrant does not depend on the exercise of another. As such, management has concluded that all New Warrants meet the criteria to be legally detachable and separately exercisable and therefore freestanding.


The New Warrants were recognized, measured, and classified by the Company as follows:

(a) Potential lender/financier: Market Warrants were issued to potential lender/financier counterparties at Closing, vested immediately, and do not contain exercise contingencies. These warrants were determined to be within the scope of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and equity-classified. Fair value was measured at the issuance date and recognized as New Warrants expense. As long as these warrants continue to be classified as equity, subsequent fair value remeasurement is not required.

(b) Potential customers: Market and Penny Warrants issued or issuable to potential customers of Eve were determined to be within the scope of ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, for classification and measurement and ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for recognition. In accordance with ASC 718, these warrants were determined to be equity-classified. The Penny Warrants can be separated into two categories: (i) contingently issuable warrants (the “Contingent Warrants”) and (ii) warrants that immediately vested upon Closing (“Vested Warrants”). The Contingent Warrants are measured at fair value on the grant date and will be recognized as variable consideration (a reduction of revenue) under ASC 606 when and if there are related revenue transactions or as New Warrants expense if there are not yet related revenue transactions. The Vested Warrants were accounted for akin to a non-refundable upfront payment to a potential customer and were recognized as New Warrants expense as Eve has no current revenue or binding contracts in place. Market Warrants issued at Closing to potential customers vested immediately and have no contingencies.

(c) Potential suppliers: Penny Warrants issued or issuable to potential suppliers of Eve, which are subject to the satisfaction of certain specified conditions, are accounted for as non-employee awards under ASC 718 and were determined to be equity-classified. The fair value of these warrants will be recognized as expense as products and/or services are received from the suppliers as if Eve paid cash for the respective transactions.

The New Warrants were measured at fair value on the grant date (May 9, 2022), except for cases where there has been a modification, where fair value is remeasured on the modification date. The fair value of Penny Warrants was calculated by subtracting $0.01 from Eve’s share price on the grant date. Market Warrants with an exercise price of $11.50 were estimated using the publicly traded Public Warrants as the terms are similar. The Company used a modified Black-Scholes model to value the Market Warrants with an exercise price of $15.00. The valuation model utilizes management judgment and pricing inputs from observable and unobservable markets with less volume and transaction frequency than active markets. Significant deviations from these estimates and inputs could result in a material change in fair value.


The following table summarizes the Black-Scholes model inputs and assumptions:





May 9,


Market Warrants with exercise price of $15.00



2022


Share Price (S0)


$

11.32


Maturity Date



12/31/2025


Time (T) - Years



3.63


Strike Price (X)


$

15.00


Risk-free Rate (r)



2.85

%

Volatility (σ)



7.93

%

Dividend Yield (q)



0.00

%

Warrant Value


$

0.11



Forfeitures of New Warrants within the scope of ASC 718, granted to non-employees, are estimated by the Company and reviewed when circumstances change.

United Subscription

Concurrently with the execution of the United Subscription Agreement, the Company and United also entered into the United Warrant Agreement where the Company issued warrants to United to acquire up to 2,722,536 shares of Common Stock, each with an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which were issuable upon (i) the issuance by the parties of a joint press release announcing the United Investment, (ii) the entry by the Company and an affiliate of United into a conditional purchase agreement for the sale and purchase of up to 400 eVTOLs and (iii) the agreement by the Company and United to establish a concept of operations for the use of the Company’s eVTOLs at one or more of United’s or its affiliates’ hub airports. The terms were satisfied in 2022 and United exercised 2,722,536 warrants in exchange for the same number of common shares.

In addition, pursuant to the terms of the United Warrant Agreement, the Company agreed to issue additional warrants to United to acquire up to another 2,722,536 shares of Common Stock, each with an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which are issuable upon entering into (i) a binding agreement to purchase up to 200 eVTOLs and (ii) a binding agreement for certain eVTOL services and support.

Warrants Classified as Liabilities

Private Placement Warrants

Each Private Placement Warrant entitles its holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to conditions as defined in the Warrant Agreement. The Private Placement Warrants have similar terms as the Public Warrants, except for the $0.01 cash redemption feature. However, in the event a Private Placement Warrant is transferred to a third-party not affiliated with the Sponsor (referred to as a non-permitted transferee), the warrant becomes a Public Warrant and is subject to the $0.01 cash redemption feature. If this occurs, the calculation changes for the settlement amount of the Private Placement Warrants. Since the settlement amount depends solely on who holds the instrument, which is not an input to the fair value of a fixed-for-fixed option or forward on equity shares, the Private Placement Warrants are liability classified.