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Income Tax
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax
13.
Income Tax

The effective income tax rates for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024 were 13.6% and 26.1%, respectively, compared to (245.3)% and (116.9)%, respectively, for the prior-year periods. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, our effective income tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits related to domestic research and development tax credits, partially offset by stock-based compensation and state income taxes. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, our effective income tax rate was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state income taxes, stock-based compensation and nondeductible officer’s compensation partially offset by tax benefits related to domestic research and development tax credits. For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2023, our effective income tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a partial release of the valuation allowance on our deferred income tax assets, partially offset by state income taxes.

We regularly assess the need for a valuation allowance related to our deferred income tax assets to determine, based on the weight of all available positive and negative evidence, whether it is more likely than not that some or all of such deferred assets will not be realized. In our assessments, the Company considers recent financial operating results, the scheduled expiration of our net operating losses, future taxable income, the reversal of existing taxable differences, and tax planning strategies. The remaining valuation allowance is still required for deferred tax assets related to certain state credits, foreign net operating losses and capital loss carryforwards as it is more likely than not as of June 30, 2024 that these deferred tax assets will not be realized.

We are subject to taxation and file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and many states, Canada and the United Kingdom. With few exceptions, as of June 30, 2024 we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local or foreign examinations by tax authorities for years before 2020.

We record penalties and interest relating to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision line item in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. No penalties or interest related to uncertain tax positions were recorded for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we did not have a liability recorded for interest or potential penalties.