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Equity Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Option Activity under Stock-Based Compensation Plans

Activity under our stock plans is set forth below:

 

 

 

Shares Underlying
Outstanding Options
(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted-Average Exercise
Price Per Share

 

 

Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(years)

 

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

 

Balance at December 31, 2020

 

 

8,505

 

 

$

11.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options granted

 

 

3,894

 

 

 

10.49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options exercised

 

 

(1,035

)

 

 

6.46

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options cancelled:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options forfeited (unvested)

 

 

(521

)

 

 

8.13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options expired (vested)

 

 

(444

)

 

 

18.48

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2021

 

 

10,399

 

 

$

11.55

 

 

 

4.16

 

 

$

42,756

 

Vested and expected to vest at
   December 31, 2021

 

 

10,029

 

 

$

11.57

 

 

 

4.08

 

 

$

41,321

 

Exercisable at December 31, 2021

 

 

5,796

 

 

$

13.07

 

 

 

2.64

 

 

$

20,488

 

Summary of Non-vested Restricted Stock Units Activity

Our non-vested stock awards are comprised of restricted stock units granted with performance and time-based vesting criteria. A summary of the status of non-vested restricted stock units as of December 31, 2021, and activities during 2021 are summarized as follows:

 

 

Number of Shares
(In thousands)

 

 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair Value

 

Non-vested as of December 31, 2020

 

1,794

 

 

$

7.23

 

Granted

 

1,818

 

 

 

9.50

 

Vested

 

(537

)

 

 

8.85

 

Forfeited

 

(424

)

 

 

8.21

 

Non-vested as of December 31, 2021

 

2,651

 

 

$

8.30

 

Summary Of Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit

We granted performance-based restricted stock unit (“PSU”) to certain executives in February 2021. These PSUs vest upon a specified market condition. The summary of PSU activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows:

 

 

 

Number of Shares
(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value Per Share

 

Non-vested as of December 31, 2020

 

 

-

 

 

$

-

 

Granted

 

 

297

 

 

 

8.40

 

Forfeited

 

 

(60

)

 

 

8.40

 

Non-vested as of December 31, 2021

 

 

237

 

 

$

8.40

 

Fair Value-Based Measurements and Weighted-Average Assumptions

The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The fair value of each RSU is determined at the date of grant using our closing stock price. The fair value of each PSU is estimated using the Monte Carlo simulation method on the date of grant. The weighted-average assumptions used in the calculations of these fair value measurements are as follows:

 

 

 

Stock Options

 

 

Market-Based Performance Stock Unit (“PSUs”)

 

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2021

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Weighted-average fair value

 

$

7.17

 

 

$

3.91

 

 

$

4.58

 

 

$

8.40

 

 

$

6.48

 

 

$

2.82

 

 

$

2.72

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.7

%

 

 

1.0

%

 

 

2.1

%

 

From 0.03% to 1.92%

 

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

1.9

%

Expected life (in years)

 

 

4.5

 

 

 

4.5

 

 

 

4.5

 

 

 

2.9

 

 

 

1.2

 

 

 

1.2

 

 

 

1.2

 

Expected Volatility

 

 

0.9

 

 

 

0.9

 

 

 

0.9

 

 

 

0.9

 

 

 

1.0

 

 

 

0.7

 

 

 

0.7

 

 

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We recognized the following amounts of stock-based compensation expense (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Employees and directors stock-based compensation expense

 

$

21,285

 

 

$

13,484

 

 

$

25,456

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Research and development

 

$

3,818

 

 

$

1,000

 

 

$

8,058

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

14,894

 

 

 

9,585

 

 

 

10,224

 

Cost of sales - product

 

 

553

 

 

 

619

 

 

 

1,088

 

Inventory

 

 

2,020

 

 

 

2,280

 

 

 

1,964

 

Restructuring

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

4,122

 

Total

 

$

21,285

 

 

$

13,484

 

 

$

25,456