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Fair Values | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Values | Fair Values Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to be used in valuation techniques to measure fair value: Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). Certain of the Company's assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value either on a recurring or non-recurring basis. Assets required to be marked-to-market and reported at fair value every reporting period are classified as being valued on a recurring basis. Assets not required to be recorded at fair value every period may be recorded at fair value if a specific provision or other impairment is recorded within the period to mark the carrying value of the asset to market as of the reporting date. Such assets are classified as being valued on a non-recurring basis. The following fair value hierarchy table summarizes the Company's assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis by the above categories ($ in thousands):
|  |  | Fair Value Using
| Total |  | Quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) |  | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
As of March 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative assets(1) | $ | 2,279 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,279 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities(1) | 14,297 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,297 |  |  | — |
Available-for-sale securities(1) | 22,615 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 22,615 |
Non-recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired real estate available and held for sale(2) | 17,100 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,100 |
As of December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative assets(1) | $ | 3,669 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,669 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities(1) | 10,244 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,244 |  |  | — |
Available-for-sale securities(1) | $ | 21,661 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21,661 |
Non-recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired real estate(3) | 29,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,400 |
Impaired real estate available and held for sale(4) | 19,300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,300 |
Impaired land and development(5) | 78,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 78,400 |
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(1) | The fair value of the Company's derivatives are based upon widely accepted valuation techniques utilized by a third-party specialist using observable inputs such as interest rates and contractual cash flow and are classified as Level 2. The fair value of the Company's available-for-sale securities are based upon unadjusted third-party broker quotes and are classified as Level 3.
(2) | The Company recorded an impairment of $3.2 million on a commercial operating property based on an executed purchase and sale agreement.
(3) | The Company recorded aggregate impairments of $76.3 million on three real estate assets with an estimated aggregate fair value of $29.4 million. The impairments were as follows:
a. | A $23.2 million impairment on a commercial operating property based on a decline in expected operating performance. The fair value is based on the Company's estimate of the recoverability of its investment in the project.
b. | A $6.0 million impairment on a property based on a strategic decision to sell the asset. The fair value is based on purchase offers received from third parties, which is consistent with the Company's estimate of fair value.
c. | A $47.1 million impairment on a commercial operating property based on a strategic decision to sell the asset. The fair value is based on purchase offers received from third parties, which is consistent with the Company's estimate of fair value.
(4) | The Company recorded aggregate impairments of $3.7 million on two real estate assets held for sale. The fair values are based on market comparable sales.
(5) | The Company recorded aggregate impairments of $55.4 million on four land and development assets with an estimated aggregate fair value of $78.4 million. The impairments were as follows:
a. | A $25.0 million impairment on a waterfront land and development asset based on a strategic decision to sell the asset. The fair value is based on purchase offers received from third parties, which is consistent with the Company's estimate of fair value.
b. | A $21.6 million impairment on a master planned community based on a strategic decision to sell the asset. The fair value is based on purchase offers received from third parties, which is consistent with the Company's estimate of fair value.
c. | A $6.9 million impairment on an infill land and development asset based on the deterioration of the asset. The fair value is based on purchase offers received from third parties, which is consistent with the Company's estimate of fair value.
d. | A $1.9 million impairment on a waterfront land and development asset based on the sale of the asset in 2019.
The following table summarizes changes in Level 3 available-for-sale securities reported at fair value on the Company's consolidated balance sheets for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 ($ in thousands):
|  | 2019 |  | 2018
Beginning balance |  | $ | 21,661 |  |  | $ | 22,842 |
Repayments |  | (46 | ) |  | (36 | )
Unrealized gains (losses) recorded in other comprehensive income |  | 1,000 |  |  | (971 | )
Ending balance |  | $ | 22,615 |  |  | $ | 21,835 |
Fair values of financial instruments—The Company's estimated fair values of its loans receivable and other lending investments and outstanding debt, including liabilities associated with properties held for sale, was $0.9 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively, as of March 31, 2019 and $1.0 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2018. The Company determined that the significant inputs used to value its loans receivable and other lending investments and debt obligations fall within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value of other financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accrued interest receivable and accounts payable, approximate the fair values of the instruments. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash values are considered Level 1 on the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of other financial instruments, including derivative assets and liabilities, is included in the fair value hierarchy table above.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2155941 + Details
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