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Loans Receivable and Other Lending Investments, net | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans Receivable and Other Lending Investments, net | Loans Receivable and Other Lending Investments, net The following is a summary of the Company's loans receivable and other lending investments by class ($ in thousands):
|  | As of
|  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Construction loans |  |  |  |
Senior mortgages |  | $ | 467,774 |  |  | $ | 518,992 |
Corporate/Partnership loans |  | 85,032 |  |  | 95,394 |
Subtotal - gross carrying value of construction loans(1) |  | 552,806 |  |  | 614,386 |
Loans |  |  |  |
Senior mortgages |  | 52,855 |  |  | 53,592 |
Corporate/Partnership loans |  | 21,845 |  |  | 24,424 |
Subordinate mortgages |  | 11,445 |  |  | 10,877 |
Subtotal - gross carrying value of loans |  | 86,145 |  |  | 88,893 |
Other lending investments |  |  |  |
Financing receivables (refer to Note 5) |  | 45,704 |  |  | 44,339 |
Held-to-maturity debt securities |  | 89,234 |  |  | 84,981 |
Available-for-sale debt securities |  | 24,631 |  |  | 23,896 |
Subtotal - other lending investments |  | 159,569 |  |  | 153,216 |
Total gross carrying value of loans receivable and other lending investments |  | 798,520 |  |  | 856,495 |
Allowance for loan losses |  | (33,447) |  |  | (28,634) |
Total loans receivable and other lending investments, net |  | $ | 765,073 |  |  | $ | 827,861 |
____________________________________________________________ (1)As of September 30, 2020, 47%, or $262.1 million, gross carrying value of construction loans had completed construction and 4%, or $22.5 million, gross carrying value of construction loans had substantially completed construction. Allowance for Loan Losses—Changes in the Company's allowance for loan losses were as follows for the three months ended September 30, 2020 ($ in thousands):
|  |  | General Allowance |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Construction Loans |  | Loans |  | Held to Maturity Debt Securities |  | Financing Receivables |  | Specific Allowance |  | Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period |  |  |  | $ | 11,736 |  |  | $ | 905 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | 1,159 |  |  | $ | 21,701 |  |  | $ | 35,612 |
(Recovery of) provision for loan losses(1) |  |  |  | (2,598) |  |  | (427) |  |  | (56) |  |  | 17 |  |  | 899 |  |  | (2,165) |
Allowance for loan losses at end of period |  |  |  | $ | 9,138 |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 1,176 |  |  | $ | 22,600 |  |  | $ | 33,447 |
____________________________________________________________ (1)During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded a recovery of loan losses of $2.0 million in its consolidated statement of operations resulting from the reversal of CECL allowances on loans that repaid in full in the third quarter 2020 and a more favorable economic outlook on commercial real estate markets in the third quarter 2020 as compared to the second quarter 2020. Of this amount, $0.7 million related to a recovery of credit losses for unfunded loan commitments and is recorded as a reduction to "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities" and $0.9 million related to a provision on a non-performing loan that was recorded as a reduction to "Accrued interest and operating lease income receivable, net." Changes in the Company's allowance for loan losses were as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 ($ in thousands):
|  |  | General Allowance |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Construction Loans |  | Loans |  | Held to Maturity Debt Securities |  | Financing Receivables |  | Specific Allowance |  | Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period |  |  |  | $ | 6,668 |  |  | $ | 265 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21,701 |  |  | $ | 28,634 |
Adoption of new accounting standard(1) |  |  |  | (353) |  |  | 98 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 964 |  |  | — |  |  | 729 |
Provision for loan losses(2) |  |  |  | 2,823 |  |  | 115 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 212 |  |  | 899 |  |  | 4,084 |
Allowance for loan losses at end of period |  |  |  | $ | 9,138 |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 1,176 |  |  | $ | 22,600 |  |  | $ | 33,447 |
____________________________________________________________ (1)On January 1, 2020, the Company recorded an increase to its allowance for loan losses of $3.3 million upon the adoption of ASU 2016-13 (refer to Note 3), of which $2.5 million related to expected credit losses for unfunded loan commitments and was recorded in "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities." (2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $4.1 million in its consolidated statement of operations resulting from the macroeconomic impact of COVID-19 on commercial real estate markets, of which $0.9 million related to a recovery of credit losses for unfunded loan commitments and is recorded as a reduction to "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities" and $0.9 million related to a provision on a non-performing loan that was recorded as a reduction to "Accrued interest and operating lease income receivable, net." The Company's investment in loans and other lending investments and the associated allowance for loan losses were as follows as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 ($ in thousands):
| Individually Evaluated for Impairment(1) |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  | Total
As of September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |
Construction loans(2) | $ | 50,257 |  |  | $ | 502,549 |  |  | $ | 552,806 |
Loans(2) | 37,020 |  |  | 49,125 |  |  | 86,145 |
Financing receivables | — |  |  | 45,704 |  |  | 45,704 |
Held-to-maturity debt securities | — |  |  | 89,234 |  |  | 89,234 |
Available-for-sale debt securities(3) | — |  |  | 24,631 |  |  | 24,631 |
Less: Allowance for loan losses | (22,600) |  |  | (10,847) |  |  | (33,447) |
Total | $ | 64,677 |  |  | $ | 700,396 |  |  | $ | 765,073 |
As of December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |
Construction loans(2) | $ | — |  |  | $ | 614,386 |  |  | $ | 614,386 |
Loans(2) | 37,820 |  |  | 51,073 |  |  | 88,893 |
Financing receivables | — |  |  | 44,339 |  |  | 44,339 |
Held-to-maturity debt securities | — |  |  | 84,981 |  |  | 84,981 |
Available-for-sale debt securities(3) | — |  |  | 23,896 |  |  | 23,896 |
Less: Allowance for loan losses | (21,701) |  |  | (6,933) |  |  | (28,634) |
Total | $ | 16,119 |  |  | $ | 811,742 |  |  | $ | 827,861 |
_______________________________________________________________________________ (1)The carrying value of these loans includes an unamortized discount of $0.6 million and $0.1 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company's loans individually evaluated for impairment represents two loans on non-accrual status and the unamortized amounts associated with these loans are not currently being amortized into income. (2)The carrying value of these loans include unamortized discounts, premiums, deferred fees and costs totaling net discounts of $0.3 million and $0.7 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. (3)Available-for-sale debt securities are evaluated for impairment under ASC 326-30. Credit Characteristics—As part of the Company's process for monitoring the credit quality of its loans, it performs a quarterly loan portfolio assessment and assigns risk ratings to each of its performing loans. Risk ratings, which range from 1 (lower risk) to 5 (higher risk), are based on judgments, which are inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that actual performance will be similar to current expectation. The Company designates loans as non-performing at such time as: (1) interest payments become 90 days delinquent; (2) the loan has a maturity default; or (3) management determines it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. All non-performing loans are placed on non-accrual status and income is only recognized in certain cases upon actual cash receipt. The Company's amortized cost basis in performing senior mortgages, corporate/partnership loans, subordinate mortgages and financing receivables, presented by year of origination and by credit quality, as indicated by risk rating, as of September 30, 2020 were as follows ($ in thousands):
|  | Year of Origination |  |  |
|  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Prior to 2016 |  | Total |
Senior mortgages |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk rating |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1.0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
1.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123,519 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123,519 |  |
3.0 |  | — |  |  | 13,296 |  |  | 106,465 |  |  | 144,011 |  |  | 41,931 |  |  | 4,130 |  |  | 309,833 |  |
3.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
5.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Subtotal(1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,296 |  |  | $ | 229,984 |  |  | $ | 144,011 |  |  | $ | 41,931 |  |  | $ | 4,130 |  |  | $ | 433,352 |  |
Corporate/partnership loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk rating |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1.0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,404 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,404 |  |
1.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
3.0 |  | — |  |  | 1,504 |  |  | 25,194 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,698 |  |
3.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,844 |  |  | — |  |  | 41,931 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,775 |  |
4.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
5.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Subtotal |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,504 |  |  | $ | 63,442 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41,931 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 106,877 |  |
Subordinate mortgages |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk rating |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1.0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
1.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
3.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,445 |  |  | 11,445 |  |
3.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
5.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Subtotal |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,445 |  |  | $ | 11,445 |  |
Financing receivables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk rating |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1.0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
1.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
2.0 |  | — |  |  | 45,704 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,704 |  |
2.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
3.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
3.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
4.5 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
5.0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Subtotal |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,704 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,704 |  |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 60,504 |  |  | $ | 293,426 |  |  | $ | 144,011 |  |  | $ | 83,862 |  |  | $ | 15,575 |  |  | $ | 597,378 |  |
____________________________________________________________ (1)As of September 30, 2020, excludes $87.3 million for two loans on non-accrual status. The Company's amortized cost basis in loans, aged by payment status and presented by class, was as follows ($ in thousands):
| Current |  | Less Than and Equal to 90 Days |  | Greater Than 90 Days(1) |  | Total Past Due |  | Total
As of September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior mortgages | $ | 483,609 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,020 |  |  | $ | 37,020 |  |  | $ | 520,629 |
Corporate/Partnership loans | 106,877 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 106,877 |
Subordinate mortgages | 11,445 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,445 |
Total | $ | 601,931 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,020 |  |  | $ | 37,020 |  |  | $ | 638,951 |
As of December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior mortgages | $ | 534,765 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 572,585 |
Corporate/Partnership loans | 119,818 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 119,818 |
Subordinate mortgages | 10,877 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,877 |
Total | $ | 665,460 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 703,280 |
_______________________________________________________________________________ (1)As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had one loan which was greater than 90 days delinquent and was in various stages of resolution, including legal and environmental matters, and was 11.3 years and 10.5 years outstanding, respectively. Impaired Loans—The Company's impaired loans were as follows ($ in thousands):
| As of September 30, 2020 |  | As of December 31, 2019
| Amortized Cost |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Amortized Cost |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior mortgages(1) | $ | 87,277 |  |  | $ | 86,627 |  |  | $ | (22,600) |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 37,923 |  |  | $ | (21,701) |
Total | $ | 87,277 |  |  | $ | 86,627 |  |  | $ | (22,600) |  |  | $ | 37,820 |  |  | $ | 37,923 |  |  | $ | (21,701) |
____________________________________________________________ (1)The Company has two non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2020 and one non-accrual loan as of December 31, 2019 that are considered impaired and included in the table above. The Company did not record any interest income on impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Other lending investments—Other lending investments includes the following securities ($ in thousands):
| Face Value |  | Amortized Cost Basis |  | Net Unrealized Gain |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Net Carrying Value
As of September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-Sale Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Municipal debt securities | $ | 20,680 |  |  | $ | 20,680 |  |  | $ | 3,951 |  |  | $ | 24,631 |  |  | $ | 24,631 |
Held-to-Maturity Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities | 100,000 |  |  | 89,234 |  |  | — |  |  | 89,234 |  |  | 89,234 |
Total | $ | 120,680 |  |  | $ | 109,914 |  |  | $ | 3,951 |  |  | $ | 113,865 |  |  | $ | 113,865 |
As of December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-Sale Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Municipal debt securities | $ | 21,140 |  |  | $ | 21,140 |  |  | $ | 2,756 |  |  | $ | 23,896 |  |  | $ | 23,896 |
Held-to-Maturity Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities | 100,000 |  |  | 84,981 |  |  | — |  |  | 84,981 |  |  | 84,981 |
Total | $ | 121,140 |  |  | $ | 106,121 |  |  | $ | 2,756 |  |  | $ | 108,877 |  |  | $ | 108,877 |
As of September 30, 2020, the contractual maturities of the Company's securities were as follows ($ in thousands):
| Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities |  | Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
| Amortized Cost Basis |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost Basis |  | Estimated Fair Value
Maturities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Within one year | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
After one year through 5 years | 89,234 |  |  | 89,234 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
After 5 years through 10 years | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
After 10 years | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,680 |  |  | 24,631 |
Total | $ | 89,234 |  |  | $ | 89,234 |  |  | $ | 20,680 |  |  | $ | 24,631 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2196772 + Details
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