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Other Investments | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2021
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract] |
Other Investments | Other Investments The Company's other investments and its proportionate share of earnings (losses) from equity method investments were as follows ($ in thousands):
|  |  | Earnings (Losses) from Equity Method Investments(1)
| Carrying Value as of |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Real estate equity investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Safehold Inc. ("SAFE")(2) | $ | 955,758 |  |  | $ | 937,712 |  |  | $ | 11,412 |  |  | $ | 19,338 |  |  |  |  |
iStar Net Lease II LLC ("Net Lease Venture II") | 84,481 |  |  | 78,998 |  |  | 1,001 |  |  | 193 |  |  |  |  |
Other real estate equity investments | 69,084 |  |  | 89,939 |  |  | (602) |  |  | (2,082) |  |  |  |  |
Subtotal | 1,109,323 |  |  | 1,106,649 |  |  | 11,811 |  |  | 17,449 |  |  |  |  |
Other strategic investments(3) | 127,972 |  |  | 69,911 |  |  | 958 |  |  | (837) |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 1,237,295 |  |  | $ | 1,176,560 |  |  | $ | 12,769 |  |  | $ | 16,612 |  |  |  |  |
____________________________________________________________ (1)For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, earnings (losses) from equity method investments is net of the Company's pro rata share of $5.6 million and $4.0 million, respectively, of depreciation expense and $15.5 million and $13.7 million, respectively, of interest expense. (2)As of March 31, 2021, the Company owned 34.8 million shares of SAFE common stock which, based on the closing price of $70.10 on March 31, 2021, had a market value of $2.4 billion. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, equity in earnings includes dilution gains of $0.5 million and $7.9 million, respectively, resulting from SAFE equity offerings. (3)During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company identified observable price changes in an equity security held by the Company as evidenced by orderly private issuances of similar securities by the same issuer. In accordance with ASC 321, the Company remeasured its equity investment at fair value and recognized aggregate mark-to-market gains for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 of $5.1 million and $9.9 million, respectively, in "Other income" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Safehold Inc.—Safehold Inc. ("SAFE") is a publicly-traded company formed by the Company primarily to acquire, own, manage, finance and capitalize ground leases. Ground leases generally represent ownership of the land underlying commercial real estate projects that is net leased by the fee owner of the land to the owners/operators of the real estate projects built thereon ("Ground Leases"). As of March 31, 2021, the Company owned approximately 65.4% of SAFE's common stock outstanding. In January 2019, the Company purchased 12.5 million newly designated limited partnership units (the "Investor Units") in SAFE's operating partnership ("SAFE OP"), at a purchase price of $20.00 per unit, for a total purchase price of $250.0 million. In May 2019, after the approval of SAFE's stockholders, the Investor Units were exchanged for shares of SAFE's common stock on a one-for-one basis. Following the exchange, the Investor Units were retired. In connection with the Company's purchase of the Investor Units, it entered into a Stockholder's Agreement with SAFE on January 2, 2019. The Stockholder's Agreement: •limits the Company's discretionary voting power to 41.9% of the outstanding voting power of SAFE's common stock until its aggregate ownership of SAFE common stock is less than 41.9%; •requires the Company to cast all of its voting power in favor of three director nominees to SAFE's board who are independent of each of the Company and SAFE for three years; •subjects the Company to certain standstill provisions; and •provides the Company certain preemptive rights. In March 2020, the Company acquired 1.7 million shares of SAFE's common stock in a private placement for $80.0 million. A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is the external manager of SAFE and is entitled to a management fee. In addition, the Company is also the external manager of a venture in which SAFE is a member. Following are the key terms of the management agreement with SAFE: •The Company receives a fee equal to 1.0% of total SAFE equity (as defined in the management agreement) up to $1.5 billion; 1.25% of total SAFE equity (for incremental equity of $1.5 billion - $3.0 billion); 1.375% of total SAFE equity (for incremental equity of $3.0 billion - $5.0 billion); and 1.5% of total SAFE equity (for incremental equity over $5.0 billion); •Fee to be paid in cash or in shares of SAFE common stock, at the discretion of SAFE's independent directors; •The stock is locked up for two years, subject to certain restrictions; •There is no additional performance or incentive fee; •The management agreement is non-terminable by SAFE through June 30, 2023, except for cause; and •Automatic annual renewals thereafter, subject to non-renewal upon certain findings by SAFE's independent directors and payment of termination fee equal to three times the prior year's management fee. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $3.5 million and $2.9 million, respectively, of management fees pursuant to its management agreement with SAFE. The Company is also entitled to receive certain expense reimbursements, including for the allocable costs of its personnel that perform certain legal, accounting, due diligence tasks and other services that third-party professionals or outside consultants otherwise would perform. The Company has elected not to charge in full certain of the expense reimbursements while SAFE is growing its portfolio. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $1.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of expense reimbursements pursuant to its management agreement with SAFE. The Company has an exclusivity agreement with SAFE pursuant to which it agreed, subject to certain exceptions, that it will not acquire, originate, invest in, or provide financing for a third party’s acquisition of, a Ground Lease unless it has first offered that opportunity to SAFE and a majority of its independent directors has declined the opportunity. Following is a list of investments that the Company has transacted with SAFE, all of which were approved by the Company's and SAFE's independent directors, for the periods presented: In October 2017, the Company closed on a 99-year Ground Lease and a $80.5 million construction financing commitment to support the ground-up development of a to-be-built luxury multi-family project. The transaction included a combination of: (i) a newly created Ground Lease and a $7.2 million leasehold improvement allowance, which was fully funded as of March 31, 2021; and (ii) an $80.5 million leasehold first mortgage. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of interest income on the loan. The Company sold the Ground Lease to SAFE in September 2020 for $34.0 million and sold the leasehold first mortgage to an entity in which the Company has a 53% equity interest (refer to "Other strategic investments" below) in January 2021 for $63.3 million. In January 2019, the Company committed to provide a $13.3 million loan to the ground lessee of a Ground Lease originated at SAFE. The loan was for the conversion of an office building into a multi-family property. The loan was repaid during the fourth quarter 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded $0.3 million of interest income on the loan. In February 2021, the Company provided a $50.0 million loan to the ground lessee of a Ground Lease originated at SAFE. The loan was for the Ground Lease tenant's recapitalization of a hotel property. The Company received $1.9 million of consideration from SAFE in connection with this transaction. As of March 31, 2021, $38.4 million of the loan was funded and during the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded $0.9 million of interest income on the loan. In March 2021, the Company acquired land and simultaneously structured and entered into with the seller a Ground Lease on which a multi-family project will be constructed. At closing, the Company entered into an agreement with SAFE pursuant to which, subject to certain conditions being met, SAFE will acquire the ground lessor from the Company (refer to Note 7 - Loan receivable held for sale). The Company also committed to provide a $75.0 million construction loan to the Ground Lease tenant. Net Lease Venture II—In July 2018, the Company entered into a new venture ("Net Lease Venture II") with an investment strategy similar to the Net Lease Venture. The Net Lease Venture II has a right of first offer on all new net lease investments (excluding Ground Leases) originated by the Company. Net Lease Venture II's investment period expires on June 30, 2021. Net Lease Venture II is a voting interest entity and the Company has an equity interest in the venture of approximately 51.9%. The Company does not have a controlling interest in Net Lease Venture II due to the substantive participating rights of its partner. The Company accounts for its investment in Net Lease Venture II as an equity method investment and is responsible for managing the venture in exchange for a management fee and incentive fee. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of management fees from Net Lease Venture II. Other real estate equity investments—As of March 31, 2021, the Company's other real estate equity investments include equity interests in real estate ventures ranging from 33% to 95%, comprised of investments of $57.0 million in operating properties and $12.1 million in land assets. As of December 31, 2020, the Company's other real estate equity investments included $58.7 million in operating properties and $31.2 million in land assets. In August 2018, the Company provided a mezzanine loan with a principal balance of $33.0 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 to an unconsolidated entity in which the Company owns a 50% equity interest. The loan matures in August 2021. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the loan is included in "Loans receivable and other lending investments, net" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of interest income on the mezzanine loan. Other strategic investments—As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company also had investments in real estate related funds and other strategic investments in real estate entities. In January 2021, the Company sold two loans for $83.4 million to a newly formed entity in which the Company has a 53.0% noncontrolling equity interest. The Company did not recognize any gain or loss on the sales. The Company does not have a controlling interest in this entity due to the substantive participating rights of its partner. The Company accounts for this investment as an equity method investment and receives a fixed annual fee in exchange for managing the entity. Summarized investee financial information—The following table presents the investee level summarized financial information for the Company's equity method investment that was significant as of March 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
|  | Revenues |  | Expenses |  | Net Income Attributable to Parent
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |
SAFE |  | $ | 43,507 |  |  | $ | 27,174 |  |  | $ | 16,908 |
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |
SAFE |  | $ | 40,165 |  |  | $ | 23,587 |  |  | $ | 17,347 |

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