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Equity Incentive Plan
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Equity Incentive Plan
Equity Incentive Plan
 
The Company may issue equity-based awards to officers, employees, non-employee trustees and other eligible persons under the RLJ Lodging Trust 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2015 Plan"). The 2015 Plan provides for a maximum of 7,500,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be issued in the form of share options, share appreciation rights, restricted share awards, unrestricted share awards, share units, dividend equivalent rights, long-term incentive units, other equity-based awards and cash bonus awards.
 
Share Awards
 
From time to time, the Company may award unvested restricted shares under the 2015 Plan as compensation to officers, employees and non-employee trustees. The issued shares vest over a period of time as determined by the board of trustees at the date of grant. The Company recognizes compensation expense for time-based unvested restricted shares on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based upon the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, adjusted for forfeitures.

Non-employee trustees may also elect to receive unrestricted shares under the 2015 Plan as compensation that would otherwise be paid in cash. The shares issued to non-employee trustees in lieu of cash compensation are unrestricted and include no vesting conditions. The Company recognizes compensation expense for the unrestricted shares issued in lieu of cash compensation on the date of issuance based upon the fair market value of the shares on that date.
 
A summary of the unvested restricted shares as of September 30, 2016 is as follows:
 
2016
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
Unvested at January 1,
540,885

 
$
26.73

Granted (1)
584,098

 
20.73

Vested (1)
(213,385
)
 
23.67

Forfeited (2)
(292,843
)
 
23.71

Unvested at September 30,
618,755

 
$
23.55


 
(1)
Includes 2,554 unrestricted shares that were issued in lieu of cash compensation to non-employee trustees at a weighted-average grant date fair value of $22.26.
(2)
Includes the forfeiture of 285,926 unvested restricted shares upon the resignation of the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2016.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized approximately $1.6 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense related to restricted share awards, which includes a benefit of $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as a result of the forfeiture of unvested restricted shares upon the resignation of the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2016. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized approximately $2.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense related to restricted share awards. As of September 30, 2016, there was $13.6 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested restricted share awards and these costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years. The total fair value of the shares vested (calculated as the number of shares multiplied by the vesting date share price) during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was approximately $4.5 million.
 
Performance Units
 
In July 2012, the Company awarded performance units to certain employees.  The performance units vested over a four-year period, including three years of performance-based vesting (the "2012 performance units measurement period") plus an additional one year of time-based vesting. In July 2015, following the end of the 2012 performance units measurement period, the Company issued 838,934 restricted shares upon conversion of the performance units. Half of the restricted shares vested immediately and the remaining half vested in July 2016. In May 2016, 133,467 unvested restricted shares related to the conversion of the performance units were forfeited upon the resignation of the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer.

In May 2016, the Company awarded 280,000 performance units with a grant date fair value of $10.31 per unit to certain employees. The performance units vest over a four-year period, including three years of performance-based vesting (the “2016 performance units measurement period”) plus an additional one year of time-based vesting.  The performance units may convert into restricted shares at a range of 25% to 150% of the number of performance units granted contingent upon the Company achieving an absolute total shareholder return and a relative total shareholder return over the measurement period at specified percentiles of the peer group, as defined by the award.  If at the end of the 2016 performance units measurement period the target criterion is met, then 50% of the restricted shares will vest immediately.  The remaining 50% will vest one year later.  The award recipients will not be entitled to receive any dividends prior to the date of conversion.  For any restricted shares issued upon conversion, the award recipient will be entitled to receive payment of an amount equal to all dividends that would have been paid if such restricted shares had been issued at the beginning of the 2016 performance units measurement period.  The fair value of the performance units is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation with the following assumptions: a risk-free interest rate of 1.05%, volatility of 23.82%, and an expected term equal to the requisite service period for the awards.  The Company estimated the compensation expense for the performance units on a straight line basis using a calculation that recognizes 50% of the grant date fair value over three years and 50% of the grant date fair value over four years.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized a share-based compensation expense of $0.3 million and a share-based compensation benefit of $1.1 million, respectively, related to the performance unit awards, which included a benefit of $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as a result of the forfeiture of unvested restricted shares related to the conversion of the performance units upon the resignation of the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2016. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized $0.7 million and $2.9 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense related to the performance unit awards. As of September 30, 2016, there was $2.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the performance unit awards and these costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years. The total fair value of the vested restricted shares related to the conversion of the performance units (calculated as the number of restricted shares issued multiplied by the vesting date share price) during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was approximately $6.7 million.
 
As of September 30, 2016, there were 3,964,629 common shares available for future grant under the 2015 Plan.