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Accounting for Stock Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] |
Accounting for Stock Based Compensation | Note 17 — Accounting for Stock Based Compensation On May 18, 2023 the Company’s shareholders approved the Gentherm Incorporated 2023 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2023 Equity Plan”), covering 3,730,000 shares of the Common Stock, plus the number of shares of Common Stock that, as of the effective date of the 2023 Equity Plan, that were subject to awards granted under the Gentherm Incorporated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Equity Plan”) and that, on or after the effective date of the 2023 Equity Plan, were forfeited, surrendered, terminated (other than by exercise), cancelled, lapsed or reacquired by the Company prior to vesting, without the delivery of any shares of Common Stock, and otherwise comply with the recycling provisions of the 2013 Equity Plan and 2023 Equity Plan. The 2023 Equity Plan permits the granting of various awards including stock options (including both nonqualified stock options and incentive stock options), stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance stock units (including performance-based RSUs under the 2013 Equity Plan, "PSUs") and performance units, and other awards to employees, outside directors and consultants and advisors of the Company. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had an aggregate of 3,683,330 shares of Common Stock available to issue under the 2023 Equity Plan. On May 16, 2013, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved the 2013 Equity Plan. The 2013 Equity Plan permitted the granting of various awards including stock options (including both nonqualified options and incentive options), SARs, restricted stock, RSUs, PSUs and certain other awards to employees, outside directors and consultants and advisors of the Company. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, the Company has outstanding stock options, SARs, restricted stock awards and RSUs to employees, directors and consultants. These awards become available to the recipient upon the satisfaction of a vesting condition, either based on a period of service or based on the performance of a specific achievement. For equity-based awards with a service condition, the requisite service period typically ranges between two to four years for employees and consultants and one year for directors. As of December 31, 2023, there were 324,977 PSUs outstanding. These awards cliff vest after three-years based on the Company’s achievement of one of four separate performance metrics: a target return on invested capital ratio (“ROIC”), as defined in the award agreement, for a specified fiscal year; a target three-year cumulative Adjusted EBITDA (“Adjusted EBITDA”), as defined in the award agreement; the Company’s relative total shareholder return (“TSR”), as defined in the award agreement, during a specific three-year measurement period; and a target relative revenue growth relative to light vehicle production in the Company's relevant markets ("RRG"), as defined in the award agreement, during a specific three-year measurement period. In each case, awards will be earned at 50% of the target number of shares for achieving a minimum threshold or up to 200% of the target number of shares for exceeding the target, with a linear adjustment between threshold and target or between target and stretch performance goals. All other outstanding, unvested equity-based awards were service based. Equity-based award vesting may be accelerated at the discretion of the Board under conditions specified in the 2023 Equity Plan and the 2013 Equity Plan. Under FASB ASC Topic 718, the provisions of the PSUs that vest upon the achievement of relative TSR are considered a market condition, and therefore the effect of that market condition is reflected in the grant date fair value for this portion award. A third party was engaged to complete a Monte Carlo simulation to account for the market condition. That simulation takes into account the beginning stock price of our Common Stock, the expected volatilities for the relative TSR comparator group, the expected volatilities for the Company’s stock price, correlation coefficients, the expected risk-free rate of return and the expected dividend yield of the Company and the comparator group. The single grant-date fair value computed by this valuation method is recognized by the Company in accounting for the awards regardless of the actual future outcome of the relative TSR feature. The grant date fair value of the other PSUs and RSUs are calculated as the closing price of our Common Stock as quoted on Nasdaq on the grant date multiplied by the number of shares subject to the award. Each of ROIC, Adjusted EBITDA and RRG are considered a performance condition and the grant-date fair value for ROIC PSUs, Adjusted EBITDA PSUs and RRG PSUs correspond with management's expectation of the probable outcome of the performance condition as of the grant date. The total recognized and unrecognized stock-based compensation expense is as follows:
Stock-Based Compensation Expense |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation Expense at December 31, 2023 |  |  | Remaining Weighted Average Vesting Period |
RSUs |  | $ | 6,216 |  |  | $ | 5,551 |  |  | $ | 4,594 |  |  | $ | 9,124 |  |  |  | 1.84 |
PSUs |  |  | 4,661 |  |  |  | 954 |  |  |  | 5,535 |  |  |  | 9,724 |  |  |  | 1.97 |
Restricted Stock |  |  | 878 |  |  |  | 888 |  |  |  | 1,198 |  |  |  | 437 |  |  |  | 0.38 |
SARs |  |  | (128 | ) |  |  | (794 | ) |  |  | 2,721 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 482 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total Stock-Based Compensation |  | $ | 11,627 |  |  | $ | 6,599 |  |  | $ | 14,530 |  |  | $ | 19,285 |  |  |  | 1.87 |
The related deferred tax benefit (expense) for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $1,794, $(444), and $2,725, respectively. If Gentherm were to realize expired share-based payment arrangements, they would be reported as a forfeit in the activity roll forward tables below. RSUs The following table summarizes RSU activity during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Unvested Restricted Stock Units |  | Time Vesting Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 208,905 |  |  | $ | 37.26 |
Granted |  |  | 93,539 |  |  |  | 79.79 |
Vested |  |  | (88,296 | ) |  |  | 38.49 |
Forfeited |  |  | (20,522 | ) |  |  | 48.76 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 193,626 |  |  | $ | 56.02 |
Granted |  |  | 117,507 |  |  |  | 66.86 |
Vested |  |  | (95,692 | ) |  |  | 49.85 |
Forfeited |  |  | (13,863 | ) |  |  | 70.52 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 201,578 |  |  | $ | 64.27 |
Granted |  |  | 136,964 |  |  |  | 58.68 |
Vested |  |  | (82,695 | ) |  |  | 59.43 |
Forfeited |  |  | (23,986 | ) |  |  | 59.47 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 231,861 |  |  | $ | 63.19 |
The total intrinsic value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $4,915, $4,774 and $3,398, respectively. PSUs The following table summarizes PSU activity during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Unvested Performance Stock Units |  | Relative TSR Target Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  |  | ROIC Target Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  |  | Adjusted EBITDA Target Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  |  | RRG Target Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  |  | Total |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 157,918 |  |  | $ | 56.06 |  |  |  | 157,916 |  |  | $ | 38.58 |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 315,834 |
Granted |  |  | 20,626 |  |  |  | 118.08 |  |  |  | 40,580 |  |  |  | 78.98 |  |  |  | 39,930 |  |  |  | 79.49 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101,136 |
Performance Adjustment |  |  | 30,828 |  |  |  | 69.18 |  |  |  | (30,830 | ) |  |  | 44.92 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2 | )
Vested |  |  | (61,656 | ) |  |  | 69.18 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (61,656 | )
Forfeited |  |  | (16,148 | ) |  |  | 61.10 |  |  |  | (17,374 | ) |  |  | 44.32 |  |  |  | (2,454 | ) |  |  | 79.49 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (35,976 | )
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 131,568 |  |  | $ | 62.09 |  |  |  | 150,292 |  |  | $ | 47.52 |  |  |  | 37,476 |  |  | $ | 79.49 |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 319,336 |
Granted |  |  | 21,324 |  |  |  | 103.31 |  |  |  | 42,640 |  |  |  | 68.63 |  |  |  | 42,640 |  |  |  | 68.63 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 106,604 |
Performance Adjustment |  |  | 45,004 |  |  |  | 57.46 |  |  |  | (2,258 | ) |  |  | 41.61 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 42,746 |
Vested |  |  | (90,371 | ) |  |  | 57.46 |  |  |  | (43,106 | ) |  |  | 41.61 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (133,477 | )
Forfeited |  |  | (4,724 | ) |  |  | 68.67 |  |  |  | (6,493 | ) |  |  | 56.87 |  |  |  | (3,543 | ) |  |  | 75.10 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14,760 | )
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 102,801 |  |  | $ | 65.20 |  |  |  | 141,075 |  |  | $ | 55.18 |  |  |  | 76,573 |  |  | $ | 73.66 |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 320,449 |
Granted |  |  | 30,622 |  |  |  | 89.87 |  |  |  | 30,622 |  |  |  | 59.91 |  |  |  | 61,255 |  |  |  | 59.91 |  |  |  | 30,622 |  |  |  | 59.91 |  |  |  | 153,121 |
Performance Adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (59,928 | ) |  |  | 33.90 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (59,928 | )
Vested |  |  | (59,928 | ) |  |  | 49.25 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (59,928 | )
Forfeited |  |  | (8,494 | ) |  |  | 75.67 |  |  |  | (11,618 | ) |  |  | 55.94 |  |  |  | (7,836 | ) |  |  | 70.95 |  |  |  | (789 | ) |  |  | 59.91 |  |  |  | (28,737 | )
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 65,001 |  |  | $ | 101.15 |  |  |  | 100,151 |  |  | $ | 69.55 |  |  |  | 129,992 |  |  | $ | 67.34 |  |  |  | 29,833 |  |  | $ | 59.91 |  |  |  | 324,977 |
The total intrinsic value of PSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $2,951, $6,986 and $4,265, respectively. Restricted Stock The following table summarizes restricted stock activity during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Unvested Restricted Stock |  | Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 34,906 |  |  | $ | 39.82 |
Granted |  |  | 13,742 |  |  |  | 70.18 |
Vested |  |  | (37,272 | ) |  |  | 41.70 |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 11,376 |  |  | $ | 70.33 |
Granted |  |  | 13,600 |  |  |  | 73.54 |
Vested |  |  | (11,376 | ) |  |  | 70.33 |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 13,600 |  |  | $ | 73.54 |
Granted |  |  | 17,923 |  |  |  | 56.96 |
Vested |  |  | (11,900 | ) |  |  | 73.54 |
Forfeited |  |  | (1,700 | ) |  |  | 73.54 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 17,923 |  |  | $ | 56.96 |
The compensation cost associated with restricted stock is estimated on the date of grant using quoted market prices (Level 1 input). The total fair value of restricted stock vested in 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $875, $800 and $1,554, respectively. SARs The following table summarizes SARs activity during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Stock Appreciation Rights |  | Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term |  |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 171,600 |  |  | $ | 40.60 |  |  |  | 2.44 |  |  | $ | 4,224 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (116,000 | ) |  |  | 40.34 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 55,600 |  |  | $ | 41.15 |  |  |  | 1.28 |  |  | $ | 2,544 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (40,850 | ) |  |  | 42.27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 14,750 |  |  | $ | 38.05 |  |  |  | 1.15 |  |  | $ | 402 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (12,500 | ) |  |  | 38.05 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 2,250 |  |  | $ | 38.05 |  |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | $ | 32 |
Exercisable at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 2,250 |  |  | $ | 38.05 |  |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | $ | 32 |
There have been no SARs granted since the year ended December 31, 2017 and all SARs are currently vested. The total intrinsic value of SARs exercised during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $242, $1,348 and $4,301, respectively. Stock Options The following table summarizes stock option activity during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Options |  | Shares |  |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term |  |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  |  | 428,000 |  |  | $ | 37.61 |  |  |  | 3.20 |  |  | $ | 11,815 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (215,250 | ) |  |  | 38.46 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | (6,000 | ) |  |  | 38.05 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 206,750 |  |  | $ | 36.72 |  |  |  | 2.60 |  |  | $ | 10,375 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (44,116 | ) |  |  | 37.87 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 162,634 |  |  | $ | 36.41 |  |  |  | 2.68 |  |  | $ | 8,212 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (6,450 | ) |  |  | 40.79 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | (16,500 | ) |  |  | 41.59 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 139,684 |  |  | $ | 35.59 |  |  |  | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 2,342 |
Exercisable at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 139,684 |  |  | $ | 35.59 |  |  |  | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 2,342 |
There have been no stock options granted since the year ended December 31, 2017 and all stock options are currently vested. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $201, $1,582 and $8,269, respectively.

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