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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

Note 14 – Income Taxes

At the end of each interim period, the Company makes an estimate of the annual expected effective income tax rate and applies that rate to its ordinary year-to-date earnings or loss. The income tax provision or benefit related to unusual or infrequent items, if applicable, that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effects are individually computed and recognized in the interim period in which those items occur. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates, tax status, judgment on the realizability of a beginning-of-the-year deferred tax asset in future years or income tax contingencies is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.

The computation of the annual expected effective income tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, projections of the proportion of income (and/or loss) earned and taxed in respective jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences, and the likelihood of the realizability of deferred tax assets generated in the current year. Jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year for which no tax benefit can be recognized due to a valuation allowance are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of such an exclusion could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter, based upon the composition and timing of actual earnings compared to annual projections. The estimates used to compute the provision or benefit for income taxes may change as new events occur, additional information is obtained or as our tax environment changes. To the extent that the expected annual effective income tax rate changes, the effect of the change on prior interim periods is included in the income tax provision in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

A summary of the provision for income taxes and the corresponding effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, is shown below:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Income tax expense

 

$

5,935

 

 

$

3,445

 

 

$

10,204

 

 

$

16,531

 

Earnings before income tax

 

$

20,884

 

 

$

19,410

 

 

$

25,502

 

 

$

66,157

 

Effective tax rate

 

 

28.4

%

 

 

17.7

%

 

 

40.0

%

 

 

25.0

%

 

Income tax expense was $5,935 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 on earnings before income tax of $20,884, representing an effective tax rate of 28.4%. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. Federal statutory rate and the unfavorable impact of global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”) and Subpart F income.

Income tax expense was $3,445 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 on earnings before income tax of $19,410, representing an effective tax rate of 17.7%. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. Federal statutory rate, the release of the uncertain tax position reserve accrual due to tax audit settlement, a partial valuation allowance release in the U.S. related to its capital loss carryforward, and favorable tax effects of equity vesting, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of GILTI.

Income tax expense was $10,204 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 on earnings before income tax of $25,502, representing an effective tax rate of 40.0%. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the unfavorable impact of GILTI and Subpart F income, unfavorable tax effects of equity vesting and a valuation allowance established in the U.S. related to a capital loss carryforward.

Income tax expense was $16,531 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 on earnings before income tax of $66,157, representing an effective tax rate of 25.0%. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. Federal statutory rate and the unfavorable impact of GILTI, partially offset by favorable tax effects of equity vesting, a partial valuation allowance release in the U.S. related to its capital loss carryforward and a one-time benefit related to the Alfmeier acquisition.

Tax Provisions

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted in the U.S. The OBBBA includes significant provisions, such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions. The legislation has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027. The Company is evaluating the potential impacts of the OBBBA on its consolidated financial statements and has determined the OBBBA will not have a material impact on 2025 and does not anticipate a material impact in 2026, based on the guidance issued to date.

In addition, on July 19, 2025, the Act for an Immediate Tax Investment Programme to Strengthen Germany's Business Location (“German Tax Package”) was enacted in Germany. The German Tax Package includes significant provisions, including a gradual reduction in the corporate tax rate from 15% in 2027 to 10% by 2032, in 1% increments beginning in 2028, enhanced depreciation provisions and expanded relief for research and development expenses. The impact of the legislation was a non-cash income tax expense of $531, which was recorded as an adjustment to deferred tax expense in the third quarter of 2025.