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Fair Value and Fair Value Hierarchy of Financial Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of the Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of the Group's Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and fair values of the Group’s financial instruments measured at fair value are as follows:
 
 
  
Fair values
 
 
  
As of December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2022
 
  
2023
 
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
Financial assets
  
  
  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     357,352        195,337        79,607  
Derivative financial asset
     124,404        185,069        —   
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     481,756        380,406        79,607  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Significant Unobservable Inputs to Valuation of Financial Instruments
There is no change in valuation technique and basis of significant unobservable input on Level 3 financial assets and derivative financial asset as of December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
Below is summary of significant unobservable inputs to valuation of financial instruments as of December 31, 2023:
 

   
Valuation
technique
 
Significant
unobservable input
 
Range or
estimate
Unlisted equity investment Investment E
 
Multiple/
EVA
  Equity volatility   69.60%
Movie income right investments
  Income approach  
Discount
rate
  10.40%-12.59%
Below is summary of significant unobservable inputs to valuation of financial instruments as of December 31, 2022:
 

 
 
Valuation technique
 
Significant
unobservable
input
 
Range or
estimate
Unlisted equity investment Investment D
 
Net asset value
method
 
Net asset
value
  Note (a)
Unlisted equity investment Investment E
 
Multiple/
EVA
  Equity volatility   69.60%
Movie income right investments
  Income approach  
Discount
rate
  10.40%-12.59%
Derivative financial asset
  MCS   Volatility of Underlying Assets   49.78%
 
Below is summary of significant unobservable inputs to valuation of financial instruments as of December 31, 2021:
 
 
 
Valuation technique
 
Significant
unobservable
input
 
Range or estimate
Unlisted equity investment Investment D
 
Net asset value
method
 
Net asset value
 
Note (a)
Unlisted equity investment Investment H
 
Multiple/
EVA
 
Equity volatility
 
75.29%
 
 
Median Forward P/E multiple of peers
 
2.10
Unlisted equity investment Investment I
 
Multiple/
EVA
 
Equity volatility
 
48.52%
 
 
Median Forward P/E multiple of peers
 
18.97
Unlisted equity investment Investment J
 
Multiple/
EVA
 
Average P/E multiple of peers
 
61.29
 
 
Discount of lack of
marketability
 
45%
Derivative financial assets in relation to the Agreements
 
MCS
 
Volatility of Underlying Assets
 
35.95%
Derivative financial liability
 
Binomial option pricing model
 
Volatility
 
46.21%
 
 
Discount rate
 
12.52%
Note:
 
(a)
The fair value is derived from the net asset value of Investment D that is mostly attributable from its underlying property investments with their fair value being measured by income approach. The directors of the Company considered that remaining assets or liabilities in Investment D are not significant to the amount of overall investment and approximated to their fair value.
 
Summary of Assets Measured at Fair Value
Fair Value Hierarchy
The following tables illustrate the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Group’s financial instruments:
Assets measured at fair value
:
 

 
  
Fair value measurement using
 
 
  
Quoted prices in
active markets

(Level 1)
 
  
Recent
transaction
price

(Level 2)
 
  
Significant
unobservable
inputs

(Level 3)
 
  
Total
 
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
As of December 31, 2021
                             
 
 
 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     135,373        2,761        219,218        357,352  
Derivative financial asset
     —         —         124,404        124,404  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
       135,373        2,761        343,622        481,756  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2022
           
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     110,474        4,335        80,528        195,337  
Derivative financial asset
     —         17,681        167,388        185,069  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     110,474        22,016        247,916        380,406  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2023
           
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     72,053        1,813        5,741        79,607  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of the Movements in Fair Value Measurements within Level 3
The movements in fair value measurements within Level 3 during the years are as follow:
 
 
  
For the year ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
 
2022
 
 
2023
 
 
  
US$
 
 
US$
 
 
US$
 
Unlisted equity shares at fair value through profit or loss:
      
At January 1,
     38,681       219,219       80,528  
Addition
     20,930       21,712       —   
Disposal
     (25,289     (45,404     (25,539
Transfer
     143,689       1,491       4,118  
Derecognition upon acquisition of subsidiaries
     —        (162,747     (66,190
Receipt of investment return
     —        (2,680     —   
Total
 
gains in profit or loss
     41,208       49,267       12,804  
Exchange realignment
     —        (330     20  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
At December 31,
     219,219       80,528       5,741  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
For the year ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
 
2022
 
 
2023
 
 
  
US$
 
 
US$
 
 
US$
 
Derivative financial assets in relation to the Agreement (Note 14):
  
 
 
At January 1,
  
 
132,080
 
 
 
124,404
 
 
 
167,388
 
Net fair value (loss)/gains recognized in profit or loss
  
 
(6,947
 
 
44,461
 
 
 
34,234
 
Gain related to disposed investment
  
 
— 
 
 
 
486
 
 
 
— 
 
Settlement
  
 
— 
 
 
 
(1,963
)
 
 
 
(201,411
Exchange realignment
  
 
(729
 
 
— 
 
 
 
(211
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31,
  
 
124,404
 
 
 
167,388
 
 
 
— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Fair Value Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation
 
  
For the year ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2022
 
 
2023
 
 
  
US$
 
  
US$
 
 
US$
 
Derivative financial liability (Note 26):
       
At January 1,
     1,662        1,764       —   
Net fair value changes recognized in profit or loss
     —         (1,704     —   
Converted into class A shares
     —         (55 )     —   
Exchange alignment
     102        (5 )     —   
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
At December 31,
     1,764        —        —