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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted if they substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the Company’s annual audited consolidated financial statements pursuant to such rules and regulations.
Consolidation These unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report") for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 11, 2022. In the opinion of the Company’s management, these unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the results and financial position for the periods presented. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.
Segments Segments: Segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. OppFi’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are collectively considered to be the CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company’s operations constitute a single reportable segment.
Use of estimates
Use of estimates: The preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, including those impacted by COVID-19, that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

The judgements, assumptions, and estimates used by management are based on historical experience, management’s experience and qualitative factors. The areas subject to significant estimation techniques are the determination of fair value of installment finance receivables and warrants, the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on finance receivables, operating lease right of use asset, operating lease liability, valuation allowance of deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation expense and income tax provision. For the aforementioned estimates, it is reasonably possible the recorded amounts or related disclosures could significantly change in the near future as new information is available.
Participation rights purchase obligation Participation rights purchase obligations: OppFi-LLC has entered into bank partnership arrangements with certain banks insured by the FDIC. As part of these bank partnership arrangements, the banks have the ability to retain a percentage of the finance receivables they have originated, and OppFi-LLC’s participation rights are reduced by the percentage of the finance receivables retained by the banks. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, finance receivables originated through the bank partnership arrangements totaled 94% and 74%, respectively. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the unpaid principal balance of finance receivables outstanding for purchase was $11.8 million and $9.5 million, respectively.
Troubled debt restructurings Troubled debt restructurings: As the terms of the receivables are typically not renegotiated and settlement offers are not typically made until after a receivable stops accruing interest income (up to 60 days delinquent), the only receivables considered to be impaired, or troubled debt restructurings, are: 1) those receivables where a settlement offer is made after receivables cease accruing interest, which may result in a modification of contractual terms, 2) the Company has received notification that a borrower is working with a third party to settle debt on his/her behalf and 3) customers who have entered into the Company’s short-term or long-term hardship programs. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, management determined the balance of troubled debt restructuring receivables to be immaterial to the consolidated financial statements as a whole. As such, substantially all disclosures relating to impaired finance receivables, and troubled debt restructuring, have been omitted from these consolidated financial statements.
Capitalized technology Capitalized technology: The Company capitalized software costs associated with application development totaling $3.8 million and $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense, which is included in depreciation and amortization on the consolidated statements of operations, totaled $3.0 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests: Noncontrolling interests are held by the Members, who retained 87.8% and 87.6% of the economic ownership percentage of OppFi-LLC as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. In accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation, the Company classifies the noncontrolling interests as a component of stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company has presented the net income attributable to OppFi and the noncontrolling ownership interests separately in the consolidated statements of operations.
Emerging growth company Emerging growth company: The Company is an emerging growth company as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“Jobs Act”). The Company is permitted to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements apply to private companies. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Accounting pronouncements issued and adopted and Accounting pronouncements issued and not yet adopted
Accounting pronouncements issued and adopted: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and issued certain transitional guidance and subsequent amendments between January 2018 and February 2020 (collectively, “Topic 842”). Under Topic 842, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated statements of operations. Per ASU No. 2020-05, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates for Certain Entities, issued June 2020, Topic 842, as amended, is effective for private companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. As permitted for emerging growth companies, the Company adopted Topic 842 under the private company transition guidance, which was effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2022. The Company utilized the effective date method, whereby the Company will continue to present prior period financial statements and disclosures under ASC 840. In addition, the Company has elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance which, among other things, permits companies to not reassess prior conclusions on lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. The Company also elected the practical expedient which permits the Company to combine lease and non-lease components and to exclude short-term leases, defined as having an initial term of twelve months or less, from the consolidated balance sheets. The adoption of Topic 842, as amended, resulted in the Company recording a right-of-use asset and lease liability related to the Company’s operating lease of its corporate headquarters totaling approximately $15.5 million and $18.0 million, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022. A decrease to deferred rent totaling approximately $2.5 million, which was previously included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheet, was reclassified as an offset to the right-of-use asset upon adoption of Topic 842. The standard did not materially affect the Company's consolidated statements of operations or cash flows.

Accounting pronouncements issued and not yet adopted: In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The purpose of ASU No. 2020-04 is to provide optional guidance for a period of time related to accounting for reference rate reform on financial reporting. It is intended to reduce the potential burden of reviewing contract modifications related to discontinued rates. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope. The purpose of ASU No. 2021-01 is to expand guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting. The amendments and expedients in these updates are effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022 and may be elected by topic. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU No. 2020-04 and 2021-01 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. The purpose of ASU No. 2022-02 is to provide guidance on troubled debt restructuring accounting model for creditors that have adopted Topic 326. Additionally, the guidance expands on vintage disclosure requirements. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within the annual reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU No. 2022-02 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.