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Leases and Management Agreements with Five Star | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract] |
Leases and Management Agreements with Five Star | Leases and Management Agreements with Five Star We are Five Star’s largest landlord and Five Star is our largest tenant. As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, we leased 166 and 184 senior living communities to Five Star, respectively. We lease senior living communities to Five Star pursuant to five master leases. Five Star also manages senior living communities for our account pursuant to management and pooling agreements under which Five Star earns management fees. As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, Five Star managed 77 and 75 senior living communities, respectively, for our account. Five Star had previously announced that a substantial doubt existed regarding its ability to continue as a going concern because of, among other things: challenging current senior living industry conditions had and may continue to negatively impact Five Star’s operating results; Five Star had incurred recurring operating losses in each of the last three fiscal years; Five Star did not expect to be able to pay its full rent obligations in the first quarter of 2019 absent rent relief from us; and Five Star’s credit facility was fully drawn and scheduled to expire on June 28, 2019. On April 1, 2019, we entered into the Transaction Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to modify our existing business arrangements with Five Star, subject to certain conditions and the receipt of various approvals, as further described below. In addition, in June 2019, Five Star amended and extended the term of its credit facility. In August 2019, Five Star announced that, even though the challenging conditions in the senior living industry continue to exist, it believes that there no longer exists a substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern as a result of actions it has taken since March 31, 2019. We cannot be sure whether the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement will be completed or whether Five Star will be able to continue as a going concern. The April 2019 Transaction Agreement with Five Star. Among other things, the Transaction Agreement provides that, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, effective January 1, 2020 (or January 1, 2021 if extended under the Transaction Agreement), or the Conversion Time: •our five existing master leases with Five Star for all of our senior living communities that are leased by Five Star, as well as our existing management agreements and pooling agreements with Five Star for our senior living communities that are operated by Five Star, will be terminated and replaced, or the Conversion, with new management agreements for all of these senior living communities, or collectively, the New Management Agreements; •Five Star will issue to us such number of Five Star common shares as is necessary to cause us to own, when considered together with our then owned Five Star common shares, approximately 34% of the then outstanding Five Star common shares, and enable us to declare a pro rata distribution to holders of our common shares of beneficial interest of the right to receive, and Five Star will issue on a pro rata basis to such holders, a number of Five Star common shares which equals approximately 51% of the then outstanding Five Star common shares, or, together, the Five Star Share Issuances; the noted percentage ownership amounts are post-issuance, giving effect to the Five Star Share Issuances; and •as consideration for the Five Star Share Issuances, we will provide to Five Star $75,000 of additional consideration, or, collectively with the Conversion and the Five Star Share Issuances, the Five Star Restructuring Transactions. Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement: (1) commencing February 1, 2019, the aggregate amount of monthly minimum rent payable to us by Five Star under our master leases with Five Star was set at $11,000, as of February 1, 2019, subject to adjustment, and no additional rent is payable to us by Five Star from such date to the Conversion Time; and (2) on April 1, 2019, we purchased from Five Star $49,155 of unencumbered Qualifying PP&E (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) related to our senior living communities leased and operated by Five Star, which amount remains subject to possible additional adjustment but will not exceed $60,000. Subsequent to our entering into the Transaction Agreement on April 1, 2019, the aggregate amount of monthly minimum rent payable to us by Five Star under our master leases with Five Star was reduced pursuant to the Transaction Agreement to $10,815 as of September 30, 2019, as a result of dispositions, and remains subject to further adjustment. At its annual meeting of stockholders held on June 11, 2019, Five Star’s stockholders approved the Five Star Share Issuances. The Five Star Restructuring Transactions remain subject to conditions, including, among others: (1) the receipt of all Required Licenses (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) and any other third party consent or approval required for the consummation of the Five Star Restructuring Transactions; (2) the effectiveness of the registration statement on Form S-1 filed by Five Star on September 27, 2019 with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, to register the Five Star common shares to be issued pursuant to the Transaction Agreement; and (3) approval by Nasdaq of the listing of the Five Star common shares to be issued pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, subject to official notice of issuance. If any required approval is not obtained by December 31, 2019, and the failure to obtain such approval is not the result of a breach or default by Five Star under the Transaction Agreement, we and Five Star have agreed to work in good faith to determine an alternative to allow the Restructuring Transactions to occur on January 1, 2020; provided we are not required to agree to any alternative that would adversely affect our qualification for taxation as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. If we and Five Star do not agree to any such alternative, and, as of January 1, 2020, the failure to obtain a required approval is the only remaining condition under the Transaction Agreement, the Conversion Time will be automatically extended to January 1, 2021. Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, since Five Star’s stockholders approved the Five Star Share Issuance, monthly minimum rent payable by Five Star to us under our existing master leases with Five Star will remain at the reduced amount, subject to further adjustment, regardless of whether the Transaction Agreement is extended and/or is terminated. Five Star has agreed to expand its board of directors within six months following the Conversion Time to add an independent director (as defined in Five Star’s bylaws) reasonably satisfactory to us. Pursuant to the New Management Agreements, Five Star will receive a management fee equal to 5% of the gross revenues realized at the applicable senior living communities plus reimbursement for its direct costs and expenses related to such communities, as well as an annual incentive fee equal to 15% of the amount by which the annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, of all communities on a combined basis exceeds the target EBITDA for all communities on a combined basis for such calendar year, provided that in no event shall the incentive fee be greater than 1.5% of the gross revenues realized at all communities on a combined basis for such calendar year. The New Management Agreements provide for 15 year terms, subject to Five Star’s right to extend for two consecutive five year terms if it achieves certain performance targets for the combined managed communities portfolio. The New Management Agreements also provide us with the right to terminate the New Management Agreement for any community that does not earn 90% of the target EBITDA for such community for two consecutive calendar years or in any two of three consecutive calendar years, with the measurement period commencing January 1, 2021 (and the first termination not possible until the beginning of calendar year 2023), provided we may not in any calendar year terminate communities representing more than 20% of the combined revenues for all communities for the calendar year prior to such termination. In connection with the Transaction Agreement, we entered into a credit agreement with Five Star, pursuant to which we extended to Five Star a $25,000 line of credit, or the Five Star credit facility. The Five Star credit facility matures on January 1, 2020, or January 1, 2021 if the Conversion Time is extended pursuant to the Transaction Agreement. The Five Star credit facility provides for interest to be paid on borrowed amounts at a rate of 6% per year and is secured by real estate mortgages on six senior living communities owned by certain of Five Star’s subsidiaries that guarantee Five Star’s obligations under the Five Star credit facility, and certain personal property owned by those and certain other Five Star subsidiaries. The Five Star credit facility provides for acceleration of payment of all amounts outstanding under the Five Star credit facility upon the occurrence and continuation of certain events of default, including a default by Five Star under the Transaction Agreement and certain other agreements. The agreement governing the Five Star credit facility contains covenants, including those that restrict Five Star’s ability to incur debt or to pay dividends or make other distributions to its stockholders in certain circumstances. As of November 6, 2019, Five Star has not made any borrowings under the Five Star credit facility. We determined that the Five Star Restructuring Transactions constituted a reconsideration event requiring us to assess whether we held a controlling financial interest in Five Star. As a result of this assessment, we determined that Five Star is a VIE as of the signing of the Transaction Agreement. We determined not to consolidate Five Star in our condensed consolidated financial statements, as we do not have the power to direct the activities of Five Star that most significantly impact Five Star’s economic performance and therefore are not the primary beneficiary of Five Star. Our Senior Living Communities Leased by Five Star. We recognized rental income payable by Five Star of $32,738 and $51,757 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $105,451 and $155,207 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Rental income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes $538 of variable payments we received from Five Star. Rental income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 excludes $1,386 and $4,050, respectively, of variable payments we received from Five Star. We record variable payments we receive from Five Star as deferred rental income, and we recognize any variable payments when the contingencies for those payments have been met. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had net receivables from Five Star of $17,045 and $18,697, respectively, which amounts are included in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Rental income from Five Star represented 12.8% and 13.4% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. The properties Five Star leases from us represented 27.0%, excluding properties held for sale, if any, of our real estate investments, at cost, as of September 30, 2019. Pursuant to the terms of our leases with Five Star, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we funded $14,749 of improvements to communities leased to Five Star. As a result, the amount of annual minimum rent payable to us by Five Star increased by approximately $1,177, as of September 30, 2018. Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, the $97,480 of improvements to communities leased to Five Star, including $49,155 of fixed assets and improvements that were purchased pursuant to the Transaction Agreement as discussed above, that we funded during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 did not result in increased rent payable by Five Star. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we and Five Star have sold to third parties 18 SNFs that we owned and leased to Five Star for an aggregate sales price of approximately $29,500, excluding closing costs. As a result of these sales, the aggregate amount of monthly minimum rent payable to us by Five Star under our master leases with Five Star was reduced pursuant to the Transaction Agreement. See Note 3 for further information regarding these dispositions. Our Senior Living Communities Managed by Five Star. Five Star manages certain senior living communities that we lease to our TRSs. As described above, pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, we have agreed to replace our long term management and pooling agreements with Five Star with new management agreements effective January 1, 2020 (or January 1, 2021 if the Conversion Time is extended under the Transaction Agreement), subject to certain conditions and the receipt of various approvals. We incurred management fees payable to Five Star of $3,832 and $3,666 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $11,492 and $10,694 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These amounts are included in property operating expenses or have been capitalized, as appropriate, in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The following table presents residents fees and services revenue disaggregated by type of contract and payer:
Revenue from contracts with customers: |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Basic housing and support services |  | $ | 88,623 |  |  | $ | 265,117 |
Medicare and Medicaid programs |  | 6,902 |  |  | 23,333 |
Private pay and other third party payer SNF services |  | 12,291 |  |  | 36,317 |
Total residents fees and services |  | $ | 107,816 |  |  | $ | 324,767 |
Five Star also provides certain other services directly to residents at some of the senior living communities it manages for our account, such as rehabilitation services. At senior living communities Five Star manages for us where Five Star provides rehabilitation services on an outpatient basis, the residents, third party payers or government programs pay Five Star directly for those rehabilitation services. At senior living communities Five Star manages for us where Five Star provides both inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services, we generally pay Five Star for these services and charges for these services are included in amounts charged to residents, third party payers or government programs. We incurred fees payable to Five Star of $1,478 and $1,584 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $4,666 and $4,944 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, for rehabilitation services Five Star provided at senior living communities it manages for us; we include these amounts in property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

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- Definition The entire disclosure for any concentrations existing at the date of the financial statements that make an entity vulnerable to a reasonably possible, near-term, severe impact. This disclosure informs financial statement users about the general nature of the risk associated with the concentration, and may indicate the percentage of concentration risk as of the balance sheet date. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 + Details
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