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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-15319
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Maryland |  | 04-3445278
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |  | (IRS Employer Identification No.)

Two Newton Place, 255 Washington Street, Suite 300, Newton, MA 02458-1634
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
617 - 796 - 8350
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title Of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name Of Each Exchange On Which Registered
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest | DHC | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
5.625% Senior Notes due 2042 | DHCNI | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
6.25% Senior Notes due 2046 | DHCNL | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Number of registrant's common shares outstanding as of July 29, 2022: 239,123,496

Table of Contents
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
FORM 10-Q
June 30, 2022
INDEX

|  | Page
PART I | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (unaudited) | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets — June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity — Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 | 4
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 42
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 44
| Warning Concerning Forward-Looking Statements | 45
| Statement Concerning Limited Liability | 49
PART II | Other Information | 50
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 50
Item 6. | Exhibits | 50
| Signatures | 52

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the Company, we, us or our include Diversified Healthcare Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly stated or the context indicates otherwise.

Table of Contents
PART I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements.
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)

|  | June 30, |  | December 31,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Assets |  |  |  |
Real estate properties: |  |  |  |
Land |  | $ | 652,655 |  |  | $ | 741,501 |
Buildings and improvements |  | 5,819,802 |  |  | 6,072,055 |
Total real estate properties, gross |  | 6,472,457 |  |  | 6,813,556 |
Accumulated depreciation |  | (1,738,379) |  |  | (1,737,807) |
Total real estate properties, net |  | 4,734,078 |  |  | 5,075,749 |
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures |  | 158,759 |  |  | 215,127 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 705,160 |  |  | 634,848 |
Restricted cash |  | 163,242 |  |  | 382,097 |
Acquired real estate leases and other intangible assets, net |  | 37,359 |  |  | 48,746 |
Other assets, net |  | 347,266 |  |  | 266,947 |
Total assets |  | $ | 6,145,864 |  |  | $ | 6,623,514 |
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |
Revolving credit facility |  | $ | 700,000 |  |  | $ | 800,000 |
Senior unsecured notes, net |  | 2,315,286 |  |  | 2,806,811 |
Secured debt and finance leases, net |  | 57,006 |  |  | 69,713 |
Accrued interest |  | 27,639 |  |  | 29,845 |
Assumed real estate lease obligations, net |  | 1,293 |  |  | 2,556 |
Other liabilities |  | 255,015 |  |  | 252,199 |
Total liabilities |  | 3,356,239 |  |  | 3,961,124 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Common shares of beneficial interest, $.01 par value: 300,000,000 shares authorized, 239,123,496 and 238,994,894 shares issued and outstanding, respectively |  | 2,391 |  |  | 2,390 |
Additional paid in capital |  | 4,616,449 |  |  | 4,615,475 |
Cumulative net income |  | 2,218,664 |  |  | 2,087,624 |
Cumulative distributions |  | (4,047,879) |  |  | (4,043,099) |
Total shareholders' equity |  | 2,789,625 |  |  | 2,662,390 |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |  | $ | 6,145,864 |  |  | $ | 6,623,514 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
1

Table of Contents
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income |  | $ | 62,522 |  |  | $ | 102,394 |  |  | $ | 127,807 |  |  | $ | 205,152 |
Residents fees and services |  | 250,506 |  |  | 243,947 |  |  | 495,954 |  |  | 503,913 |
Total revenues |  | 313,028 |  |  | 346,341 |  |  | 623,761 |  |  | 709,065 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 266,066 |  |  | 264,632 |  |  | 534,808 |  |  | 552,023 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 58,261 |  |  | 67,888 |  |  | 115,520 |  |  | 134,041 |
General and administrative |  | 7,207 |  |  | 9,126 |  |  | 14,492 |  |  | 16,668 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | 609 |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | 1,537 |  |  | 12,071 |
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (174) |
Total expenses |  | 332,143 |  |  | 353,717 |  |  | 666,357 |  |  | 714,629 |
(Loss) gain on sale of properties |  | (686) |  |  | 30,760 |  |  | 327,108 |  |  | 30,638 |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | (10,157) |  |  | (3,849) |  |  | (18,710) |  |  | (12,188) |
Interest and other income |  | 2,266 |  |  | 16,038 |  |  | 2,661 |  |  | 18,873 |
Interest expense (including net amortization of debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs of $2,318, $3,017, $4,790 and $5,829, respectively) |  | (55,975) |  |  | (67,657) |  |  | (113,106) |  |  | (127,748) |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | (29,560) |  |  | (370) |  |  | (30,043) |  |  | (2,410) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income tax benefit (expense) and equity in earnings of investees |  | (113,227) |  |  | (32,454) |  |  | 125,314 |  |  | (98,399) |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 640 |  |  | (191) |  |  | (832) |  |  | (429) |
Equity in earnings of investees |  | 3,204 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,558 |  |  | — |
Net (loss) income |  | (109,383) |  |  | (32,645) |  |  | 131,040 |  |  | (98,828) |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (1,577) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,899) |
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (109,383) |  |  | $ | (34,222) |  |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (101,727) |
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic and diluted) |  | 238,197 |  |  | 237,871 |  |  | 238,173 |  |  | 237,853 |
Per common share amounts (basic and diluted): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (0.46) |  |  | $ | (0.14) |  |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | (0.43) |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2

Table of Contents
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | Number of Shares |  | Common Shares |  | Additional Paid In Capital |  | Cumulative Net Income |  | Cumulative Distributions |  | Total Equity Attributable to Common Shareholders |  | Total Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest |  | Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021: |  | 238,994,894 |  |  | $ | 2,390 |  |  | $ | 4,615,475 |  |  | $ | 2,087,624 |  |  | $ | (4,043,099) |  |  | $ | 2,662,390 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,662,390 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 240,423 |  |  | — |  |  | 240,423 |  |  | — |  |  | 240,423 |
Distributions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,390) |  |  | (2,390) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,390) |
Share grants |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 318 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 318 |  |  | — |  |  | 318 |
Share repurchases |  | (1,698) |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |
Share forfeitures |  | (4,900) |  |  | — |  |  | (3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3) |  |  | — |  |  | (3) |
Balance at March 31, 2022: |  | 238,988,296 |  |  | 2,390 |  |  | 4,615,785 |  |  | 2,328,047 |  |  | (4,045,489) |  |  | 2,900,733 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,900,733 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (109,383) |  |  | — |  |  | (109,383) |  |  | — |  |  | (109,383) |
Distributions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,390) |  |  | (2,390) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,390) |
Share grants |  | 140,000 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 668 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 669 |  |  | — |  |  | 669 |
Share forfeitures |  | (4,800) |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Balance at June 30, 2022: |  | 239,123,496 |  |  | $ | 2,391 |  |  | $ | 4,616,449 |  |  | $ | 2,218,664 |  |  | $ | (4,047,879) |  |  | $ | 2,789,625 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,789,625 |
Balance at December 31, 2020: |  | 238,268,478 |  |  | $ | 2,383 |  |  | $ | 4,613,904 |  |  | $ | 1,913,109 |  |  | $ | (4,033,559) |  |  | $ | 2,495,837 |  |  | $ | 123,385 |  |  | $ | 2,619,222 |
Net (loss) income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (67,505) |  |  | — |  |  | (67,505) |  |  | 1,322 |  |  | (66,183) |
Distributions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,383) |  |  | (2,383) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,383) |
Share grants |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 228 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 228 |  |  | — |  |  | 228 |
Distributions to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,694) |  |  | (5,694) |
Balance at March 31, 2021: |  | 238,268,478 |  |  | 2,383 |  |  | 4,614,132 |  |  | 1,845,604 |  |  | (4,035,942) |  |  | 2,426,177 |  |  | 119,013 |  |  | 2,545,190 |
Net (loss) income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (34,222) |  |  | — |  |  | (34,222) |  |  | 1,577 |  |  | (32,645) |
Distributions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,383) |  |  | (2,383) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,383) |
Share grants |  | 120,000 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 675 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 676 |  |  | — |  |  | 676 |
Share repurchases |  | (13,906) |  |  | — |  |  | (59) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (59) |  |  | — |  |  | (59) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,630) |  |  | (5,630) |
Balance at June 30, 2021: |  | 238,374,572 |  |  | $ | 2,384 |  |  | $ | 4,614,748 |  |  | $ | 1,811,382 |  |  | $ | (4,038,325) |  |  | $ | 2,390,189 |  |  | $ | 114,960 |  |  | $ | 2,505,149 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (98,828) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 115,520 |  |  | 134,041 |
Net amortization of debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs |  | 4,790 |  |  | 5,829 |
Straight line rental income |  | (4,455) |  |  | (2,125) |
Amortization of acquired real estate leases |  | 162 |  |  | (3,715) |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | 30,043 |  |  | 2,410 |
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | (174) |
Gain on sale of properties |  | (327,108) |  |  | (30,638) |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | 18,710 |  |  | 12,188 |
Other non-cash adjustments, net |  | (905) |  |  | (982) |
Unconsolidated joint venture distributions |  | 5,660 |  |  | — |
Equity in earnings of investees |  | (6,558) |  |  | — |
Change in assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Deferred leasing costs, net |  | (4,968) |  |  | (8,258) |
Other assets |  | 25,922 |  |  | (7,937) |
Accrued interest |  | (2,206) |  |  | 8,918 |
Other liabilities |  | (17,503) |  |  | 16,317 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  | (31,856) |  |  | 27,046 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |
Real estate improvements |  | (116,640) |  |  | (83,468) |
Proceeds from sale of properties, net |  | 792 |  |  | 103,057 |
Proceeds from sale of properties to joint venture, net |  | 643,892 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of interest in joint venture, net |  | (330) |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by investing activities |  | 527,714 |  |  | 19,589 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes, net |  | — |  |  | 492,500 |
Proceeds from borrowings on revolving credit facility |  | — |  |  | 800,000 |
Repayments of borrowings on revolving credit facility |  | (100,000) |  |  | — |
Redemption of senior unsecured notes |  | (500,000) |  |  | (300,000) |
Repayment of term loan |  | — |  |  | (200,000) |
Repayment of other debt |  | (12,421) |  |  | (1,558) |
Loss on early extinguishment of debt settled in cash |  | (24,375) |  |  | — |
Payment of debt issuance costs |  | (2,820) |  |  | (4,188) |
Repurchase of common shares |  | (5) |  |  | (59) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (11,324) |
Distributions to shareholders |  | (4,780) |  |  | (4,766) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |  | (644,401) |  |  | 770,605 |
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | (148,543) |  |  | 817,240 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 1,016,945 |  |  | 90,849 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 868,402 |  |  | $ | 908,089 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Supplemental cash flow information: |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 110,522 |  |  | $ | 113,933 |
Income taxes paid |  | $ | 895 |  |  | $ | 1,880 |
Non-cash investing activities: |  |  |  |
Decrease in assets resulting from the deconsolidation of investments that were previously consolidated: |  |  |  |
Real estate, net |  | $ | (355,669) |  |  | $ | — |
Change in assets resulting from the sale of interest in joint venture: |  |  |  |
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures |  | $ | (108,246) |  |  | $ | — |
Other assets, net |  | $ | 108,956 |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate improvements accrued, not paid |  | $ | 24,325 |  |  | $ | 20,860 |
Capitalized interest |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 932 |

Supplemental disclosure of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash:
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within our condensed consolidated balance sheets to the amount shown in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

|  | As of June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 705,160 |  |  | $ | 849,079 |
Restricted cash (1) |  | 163,242 |  |  | 59,010 |
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows |  | $ | 868,402 |  |  | $ | 908,089 |

(1) As of June 30, 2022, restricted cash consists of proceeds from the sale of joint venture interests and proceeds from the sale of properties to joint ventures held as collateral pursuant to the agreement governing our revolving credit facility, or our credit agreement. We may use these funds to pay for approved expenditures in accordance with our credit agreement. Restricted cash also consists of amounts escrowed for real estate taxes, insurance and capital expenditures at certain of our mortgaged properties. Prior to the deconsolidation of the joint venture that owns a life science property located in Boston, Massachusetts, or our Boston life science property joint venture, restricted cash also consisted of cash held for the operations of this joint venture. As of June 30, 2021, restricted cash also included amounts from dispositions held as collateral pursuant to our credit agreement. In June 2022, we sold an additional 10% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture to an existing joint venture investor for $108,000, before closing costs and other adjustments. The net proceeds of $108,956, which include working capital prorations and formation costs, are included as a receivable in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022. We received the proceeds from this sale in July 2022, which will be included in restricted cash in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Diversified Healthcare Trust and its subsidiaries, or we, us, or our, are unaudited. Certain information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. We believe the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. However, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, or our Annual Report.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim period have been included. All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our consolidated subsidiaries have been eliminated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in our condensed consolidated financial statements include purchase price allocations, useful lives of fixed assets and impairments of real estate and intangible assets.
We have been, are currently, and expect in the future to be involved in claims, lawsuits, and regulatory and other governmental audits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, some of which may involve material amounts. Also, the defense and resolution of these claims, lawsuits, and regulatory and other governmental audits, investigations and proceedings may require us to incur significant expense. We account for claims and litigation losses in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 450, Contingencies, or ASC 450. Under ASC 450, loss contingency provisions are recorded for probable and estimable losses at our best estimate of a loss or, when a best estimate cannot be made, at our estimate of the minimum loss. These estimates are often developed prior to knowing the amount of the ultimate loss, require the application of considerable judgment, and are refined as additional information becomes known. Accordingly, we are often initially unable to develop a best estimate of loss and therefore the estimated minimum loss amount, which could be zero, is recorded; and then, as information becomes known, the minimum loss amount is updated, as appropriate. A minimum or best estimate amount may be increased or decreased when events result in a changed expectation.
Note 2. Real Estate Investments
As of June 30, 2022, we wholly owned 378 properties located in 36 states and Washington, D.C. and we owned an equity interest in each of two unconsolidated joint ventures that own medical office and life science properties located in five states with an aggregate of approximately 2.2 million rentable square feet.
Joint Venture Activities:
As of June 30, 2022, we had equity investments in joint ventures as follows:

Joint Venture |  | DHC Ownership |  | DHC Carrying Value of Investment at June 30, 2022 |  | Number of Properties |  | Location |  | Square Feet
Seaport Innovation LLC |  | 10% |  | $ | 108,286 |  |  | 1 |  | MA |  | 1,134,479 |
The LSMD Fund REIT LLC |  | 20% |  | 50,473 |  |  | 10 |  | CA, MA, NY, TX, WA |  | 1,068,763 |
|  |  |  | $ | 158,759 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 2,203,242 |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
The following table provides a summary of the mortgage debts of these joint ventures:

Joint Venture |  | Coupon Rate |  | Maturity Date |  | Principal Balance at June 30, 2022 (1)
Mortgage Notes Payable (secured by one property in Massachusetts) (2) |  | 3.53% |  | 8/6/2026 |  | $ | 620,000 |
Mortgage Notes Payable (secured by nine properties in five states) |  | 3.46% |  | 2/11/2032 |  | 189,800 |
Mortgage Notes Payable (secured by one property in California) (3) |  | 3.18% |  | 2/9/2024 |  | 266,825 |
|  | 3.43% |  |  |  | $ | 1,076,625 |

(1)Amounts are not adjusted for our minority equity interest.
(2)Following the deconsolidation in December 2021 of the net assets of our Boston life science property joint venture, we no longer include this $620,000 of secured debt financing in our condensed consolidated balance sheet; however, we continue to provide certain guaranties on this debt.
(3)The maturity date of February 9, 2024 is subject to three, one year extension options and requires interest to be paid at an annual rate based on the secured overnight financing rate, or SOFR, plus a premium of 1.90%. The interest rate is as of June 30, 2022. This joint venture has also purchased an interest rate cap through February 2024 with a SOFR strike rate equal to 4.00%.
In December 2021, we sold an additional 35% equity interest from our then remaining 55% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture to another third party institutional investor for $378,000, before closing costs and other adjustments. Effective as of the date of the sale, we deconsolidated this joint venture and we now account for this joint venture using the equity method of accounting under the fair value option. Prior to the deconsolidation of the net assets of this joint venture, the joint venture investor's interest in this consolidated entity was reflected as noncontrolling interest in our consolidated financial statements. In June 2022, we sold an additional 10% equity interest from our then remaining 20% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture to an existing joint venture investor for $108,000, before closing costs and other adjustments. The net proceeds of $108,956, which include working capital prorations and formation costs, are included as a receivable in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022. We received the proceeds from this sale in July 2022. We recognized a net loss on sale of $1,226 related to this transaction, which is included in (loss) gain on sale of properties in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). After giving effect to these sales, we continue to own a 10% equity interest in this joint venture. Our investment amount was based on a property valuation of $1,700,000, less $620,000 of existing mortgage debts on the property that this joint venture assumed. See Note 5 for more information regarding the valuation of our investment in this joint venture.
In January 2022, we entered into a joint venture with two unrelated third party institutional investors for 10 medical office and life science properties we owned, or our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture. We sold equity interests in this joint venture to those investors for aggregate proceeds, before closing costs and other adjustments, of approximately $653,300. We deconsolidated the net assets of these properties effective as of the date of the sale and recognized a net gain on sale of $327,542 related to this transaction, which is included in (loss) gain on sale of properties in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The equity interests that the investors acquired from us equaled 41% and 39%, respectively, of the total equity interests in the joint venture and we retained a 20% equity interest in the joint venture. Following the sale, we account for this joint venture using the equity method of accounting under the fair value option. The investment amounts are based upon a property valuation of approximately $702,500, less approximately $456,600 of secured debt on the properties incurred by this joint venture. See Note 5 for more information regarding the valuation of our investment in this joint venture.
Acquisitions and Dispositions:
In July 2022, we acquired one life science property located in California with approximately 89,000 square feet for a purchase price of approximately $82,000, excluding closing costs. We did not acquire or dispose of any properties during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Impairment:
We regularly evaluate our assets for indicators of impairment. Impairment indicators may include declining tenant or resident occupancy, weak or declining profitability from the property, decreasing tenant cash flows or liquidity, our decision to dispose of an asset before the end of its estimated useful life, and legislative, market or industry changes that could permanently reduce the value of an asset. If indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of the affected assets by comparing it to the expected future cash flows to be generated from those assets. The future cash flows are subjective and are based in part on assumptions regarding hold periods, market rents and terminal capitalization rates. If the sum of these expected future cash flows is less than the carrying value, we reduce the net carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value. No
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
material impairment charges were recorded on held and used properties during the three or six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021.
Note 3. Leases
We are a lessor of medical office and life science properties, senior living communities and other healthcare related properties. Our leases provide our tenants with the contractual right to use and economically benefit from all of the premises demised under the leases; therefore, we have determined to evaluate our leases as lease arrangements.
Certain of our leases provide for base rent payments and in addition, may include variable payments. Rental income from operating leases, including any payments derived by index or market based indices, is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term when we have determined that the collectability of substantially all of the lease payments is probable. Some of our leases have options to extend or terminate the lease exercisable at the option of our tenants, which are considered when determining the lease term.
We increased rental income to record revenue on a straight line basis by $2,710 and $1,321 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4,455 and $2,125 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Rents receivable, excluding receivables related to our properties classified as held for sale, if any, include $71,902 and $82,131 of straight line rent receivables at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and are included in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
We do not include in our measurement of our lease receivables certain variable payments, including changes in the index or market based indices after the inception of the lease, certain tenant reimbursements and other income until the specific events that trigger the variable payments have occurred. Such payments totaled $10,430 and $18,476 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of which tenant reimbursements totaled $10,350 and $18,440, respectively, and $21,138 and $36,704 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of which tenant reimbursements totaled $21,013 and $36,620, respectively.
Right of Use Asset and Lease Liability. For leases where we are the lessee, we recognized a right of use asset and a lease liability equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments with rental payments being applied to the lease liability and the right of use asset being amortized over the term of the lease. The values of the right of use assets and related liabilities representing our future obligation under the respective lease arrangements for which we are the lessee were $28,003 and $28,382, respectively, as of June 30, 2022, and $4,153 and $4,352, respectively, as of December 31, 2021. The right of use assets and related lease liabilities are included within other assets, net and other liabilities, respectively, within our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, we lease equipment at certain of our managed senior living communities. These leases are short term in nature, are cancelable with no fee or do not result in an annual expense in excess of our capitalization policy and, as a result, are not recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Note 4. Indebtedness
Our principal debt obligations, excluding any debt obligations of our joint ventures, at June 30, 2022 were: (1) outstanding borrowings under our $700,000 revolving credit facility; (2) $2,350,000 outstanding principal amount of senior unsecured notes; and (3) $50,715 aggregate principal amount of mortgage notes secured by five properties. These five mortgaged properties had a gross book value of $87,870 at June 30, 2022. We also had two properties subject to finance leases with lease obligations totaling $5,999 at June 30, 2022; these two properties had gross book value and accumulated depreciation of $37,630 and $18,632, respectively, at June 30, 2022, and $36,730 and $18,203, respectively, at December 31, 2021, and the finance leases expire in 2026.
We have a $700,000 revolving credit facility that is used for general business purposes. The maturity date of our revolving credit facility is January 2024. Our revolving credit facility generally provides that we can borrow, repay and re-borrow funds available under our revolving credit facility until maturity, and no principal repayment is due until maturity. As of June 30, 2022, our revolving credit facility required interest to be paid on borrowings at the annual rate of 4.2%, plus a facility fee of 30 basis points per annum on the total amount of lending commitments under the facility.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
The weighted average annual interest rates for borrowings under our revolving credit facility were 3.3% and 2.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 3.1% and 2.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The interest rate premium and facility fee are each subject to adjustment based upon changes to our credit ratings. As of June 30, 2022 and July 29, 2022, we were fully drawn under our revolving credit facility.
In February 2022, we and our lenders amended our credit agreement. Pursuant to the amendment:
•the waiver of the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant included in our credit agreement has been extended through December 31, 2022, or the Amendment Period;
•the revolving credit facility commitments have been reduced from $800,000 to $700,000 following our repayment of $100,000, and as a result of the reduction in commitments, we recorded a loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt of $483 for the six months ended June 30, 2022;
•we have the ability to fund $400,000 of capital expenditures per year and we are restricted in our ability to acquire real property as defined in our credit agreement;
•the interest rate premium under our revolving credit facility increased by 15 basis points; and
•certain covenants and restrictions on distributions to common shareholders, share repurchases, capital expenditures, acquiring additional properties and incurring additional indebtedness (in each case subject to various exceptions), and the minimum liquidity requirement of $200,000 will remain in place during the Amendment Period.
Also in February 2022, we exercised our option to extend the maturity date of our revolving credit facility by one year to January 2024. Pursuant to our credit agreement, the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility will be reduced to $586,373 in January 2023 and as such, further repayment of our revolving credit facility will be required by that time.
Pursuant to our credit agreement, we pledged certain equity interests of subsidiaries owning properties to secure our obligations under our credit agreement and agreed to provide, and as of September 2021 had provided, first mortgage liens on 61 medical office and life science properties with an aggregate gross book value of real estate assets of $996,709 as of June 30, 2022 to secure our obligations, which pledges and/or mortgage liens may be removed or new ones may be added during the Amendment Period based on outstanding debt amounts, among other things.
In April 2022, we prepaid a mortgage note secured by one of our medical office properties with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $10,934, a maturity date in July 2022 and an annual interest rate of 6.28%, using cash on hand.
In June 2022, we redeemed $500,000 of our outstanding 9.75% senior notes due 2025 for a redemption price equal to 104.875% of the $500,000 principal amount of the notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest of $1,083, using restricted cash on hand. As a result of this redemption, we recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $29,576 for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
In July 2022, we prepaid a mortgage note secured by two of our senior living communities with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $15,273, a maturity date in October 2022 and an annual interest rate of 5.75%, using cash on hand.
Our credit agreement and our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements provide for acceleration of payment of all amounts due thereunder upon the occurrence and continuation of certain events of default, such as, in the case of our credit agreement, a change of control of us, as defined, which includes The RMR Group LLC, or RMR, ceasing to act as our business and property manager. Our credit agreement and our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements also contain covenants, including covenants that restrict our ability to incur debts, and generally require us to maintain certain financial ratios, and our credit agreement restricts our ability to make distributions under certain circumstances. As of June 30, 2022, our ratio of consolidated income available for debt service to debt service was below the 1.5x incurrence requirement under our revolving credit facility and our public debt covenants as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continued to adversely impact our operations. We are unable to incur additional debt until this ratio is at or above 1.5x on a pro forma basis. We believe we were in compliance with the remaining terms and conditions of the respective covenants under our credit agreement and our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements at June 30, 2022, subject to the waivers noted above. Although we have taken steps to enhance our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity, a protracted negative impact on the
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
economy or the industries in which our properties and businesses operate may cause increased pressure on our ability to satisfy financial and other covenants. Continued availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility is subject to our satisfying certain financial covenants and other credit facility conditions. If our operating results and financial condition are significantly negatively impacted by economic conditions or otherwise, we may fail to satisfy covenants and conditions under our credit agreement or fail to satisfy our public debt covenants.
Note 5. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
The following table presents certain of our assets that are measured at fair value at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, categorized by the level of inputs as defined in the fair value hierarchy under GAAP, used in the valuation of each asset.

|  | As of June 30, 2022 |  | As of December 31, 2021
Description |  | Carrying Amount |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Estimated Fair Value
Recurring Fair Value Measurements Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in AlerisLife (Level 1) (1) |  | $ | 12,830 |  |  | $ | 12,830 |  |  | $ | 31,540 |  |  | $ | 31,540 |
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture (Level 3) (2) |  | $ | 108,286 |  |  | $ | 108,286 |  |  | $ | 215,127 |  |  | $ | 215,127 |
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture (Level 3) (3) |  | $ | 50,473 |  |  | $ | 50,473 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(1)Our 10,691,658 shares of common stock of AlerisLife Inc., or AlerisLife, are included in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and are reported at fair value, which is based upon quoted market prices on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, (Level 1 inputs). During the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded unrealized losses of $10,157 and $3,849, respectively, and during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded unrealized losses of $18,710 and $12,188, respectively, which are included in losses on equity securities, net in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), to adjust the carrying value of our investment in AlerisLife common shares to their fair value. See Note 11 for further information about our investment in AlerisLife.
(2)The 10% equity interest we own in our Boston life science property joint venture is included in investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, and is reported at fair value, which is based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value analysis are a discount rate of 5.58%, an exit capitalization rate of 5.25%, a holding period of approximately 10 years and market rents. The assumptions made in the fair value analysis are based on the location, type and nature of the property, and current and anticipated market conditions, which are derived from appraisers, industry publications and our experience. See Note 2 for further information regarding this joint venture.
(3)The 20% equity interest we own in our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture is included in investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, and is reported at fair value, which is based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value analysis are discount rates of between 5.67% and 8.93%, exit capitalization rates of between 4.75% and 6.00%, holding periods of approximately 10 years and market rents. The assumptions we made in the fair value analysis are based on the location, type and nature of each property, and current and anticipated market conditions, which are derived from appraisers, industry publications and our experience. See Note 2 for further information regarding this joint venture.
In addition to the assets described in the table above, our financial instruments at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 included cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, other assets, our revolving credit facility, senior unsecured notes, secured debt and finance leases and other unsecured obligations and liabilities. The fair values of these financial instruments approximated their carrying values in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of such dates, except as follows:
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)

|  | As of June 30, 2022 |  | As of December 31, 2021
Description |  | Carrying Amount (1) |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount (1) |  | Estimated Fair Value
Senior unsecured notes, 4.750% coupon rate, due 2024 |  | $ | 249,488 |  |  | $ | 224,353 |  |  | $ | 249,348 |  |  | $ | 257,695 |
Senior unsecured notes, 9.750% coupon rate, due 2025 |  | 494,838 |  |  | 493,125 |  |  | 987,903 |  |  | 1,081,990 |
Senior unsecured notes, 4.750% coupon rate, due 2028 |  | 492,836 |  |  | 368,125 |  |  | 492,199 |  |  | 491,480 |
Senior unsecured notes, 4.375% coupon rate, due 2031 |  | 492,557 |  |  | 340,000 |  |  | 492,127 |  |  | 480,763 |
Senior unsecured notes, 5.625% coupon rate, due 2042 |  | 342,374 |  |  | 227,850 |  |  | 342,183 |  |  | 309,260 |
Senior unsecured notes, 6.250% coupon rate, due 2046 |  | 243,193 |  |  | 170,700 |  |  | 243,051 |  |  | 226,500 |
Secured debts (2) |  | 57,006 |  |  | 56,161 |  |  | 69,713 |  |  | 71,963 |
|  | $ | 2,372,292 |  |  | $ | 1,880,314 |  |  | $ | 2,876,524 |  |  | $ | 2,919,651 |

(1)Includes unamortized net debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts.
(2)We assumed certain of these secured debts in connection with our acquisition of certain properties. We recorded the assumed mortgage notes at estimated fair value on the date of acquisition and we are amortizing the fair value adjustments, if any, to interest expense over the respective terms of the mortgage notes to adjust interest expense to the estimated market interest rates as of the date of acquisition.
We estimated the fair value of our two issuances of senior unsecured notes due 2042 and 2046 based on the closing price on Nasdaq (Level 1 input) as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. We estimated the fair values of our four issuances of senior unsecured notes due 2024, 2025, 2028 and 2031 using an average of the bid and ask price on Nasdaq on or about June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (Level 2 inputs as defined in the fair value hierarchy under GAAP). We estimated the fair values of our secured debts by using discounted cash flows analyses and currently prevailing market terms as of the measurement date (Level 3 inputs as defined in the fair value hierarchy under GAAP). Because Level 3 inputs are unobservable, our estimated fair values may differ materially from the actual fair values.
Note 6. Noncontrolling Interest
In March 2017, we entered into our Boston life science property joint venture. The investor owned a 45% equity interest in the joint venture, and we owned the remaining 55% equity interest in the joint venture. We determined that, while we owned a 55% equity interest in this joint venture, this joint venture was a variable interest entity, or VIE, and that we controlled the activities that most significantly impacted the economic performance of this entity; we therefore consolidated the results of this joint venture in our financial statements. In December 2021, we sold an additional 35% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture to another third party institutional investor. After giving effect to the sale, we owned a 20% equity interest in this joint venture, but determined that we are no longer the primary beneficiary. Effective as of the date of the sale, we deconsolidated these properties and accounted for this joint venture using the equity method of accounting under the fair value option. In June 2022, we sold an additional 10% equity interest from our then remaining 20% equity interest in this joint venture to an existing joint venture investor and continue to account for this joint venture using the equity method of accounting under the fair value option. The portion of the joint venture's net income and comprehensive income not attributable to us, or $1,577 and $2,899 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, is reported as a noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). This joint venture made aggregate cash distributions to the other joint venture investor of $5,630 and $11,324 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a decrease in total equity attributable to noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statement of shareholders' equity.
Note 7. Shareholders' Equity
Common Share Awards:
On June 2, 2022, in accordance with our Trustee compensation arrangements, we awarded to each of our seven Trustees 20,000 of our common shares, valued at $2.14 per share, the closing price of our common shares on Nasdaq on that day.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
Common Share Repurchases:
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we purchased 1,698 of our common shares, valued at $3.20 per common share, from a former employee of RMR in satisfaction of tax withholding and payment obligations in connection with the vesting of prior awards of our common shares.
Distributions:
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we declared and paid quarterly distributions to common shareholders as follows:

Declaration Date |  | Record Date |  | Payment Date |  | Distribution Per Share |  | Total Distributions
January 13, 2022 |  | January 24, 2022 |  | February 17, 2022 |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | 2,390 |
April 14, 2022 |  | April 25, 2022 |  | May 19, 2022 |  | 0.01 |  |  | 2,390 |
|  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.02 |  |  | $ | 4,780 |

On July 14, 2022, we declared a quarterly distribution to common shareholders of record on July 25, 2022 of $0.01 per share, or approximately $2,391. We expect to pay this distribution on or about August 18, 2022.
Note 8. Segment Reporting
We operate in, and report financial information for, the following two segments: Office Portfolio and senior housing operating portfolio, or SHOP. We aggregate each of these two reporting segments based on their similar operating and economic characteristics. Our Office Portfolio segment consists of medical office properties leased to medical providers and other medical related businesses, as well as life science properties leased to biotech laboratories and other similar tenants. Our SHOP segment consists of managed senior living communities that provide short term and long term residential living and, in some instances, care and other services for residents where we pay fees to managers to operate the communities.
We also report “non-segment” operations, consisting of triple net leased senior living communities and wellness centers that are leased to third party operators from which we receive rents, which we do not consider to be sufficiently material to constitute a separate reporting segment, and any other income or expenses that are not attributable to a specific reporting segment.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
|  | Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income |  | $ | 52,610 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,912 |  |  | $ | 62,522 |
Residents fees and services |  | — |  |  | 250,506 |  |  | — |  |  | 250,506 |
Total revenues |  | 52,610 |  |  | 250,506 |  |  | 9,912 |  |  | 313,028 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 22,026 |  |  | 244,040 |  |  | — |  |  | 266,066 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 17,997 |  |  | 37,369 |  |  | 2,895 |  |  | 58,261 |
General and administrative |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,207 |  |  | 7,207 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 609 |  |  | 609 |
Total expenses |  | 40,023 |  |  | 281,409 |  |  | 10,711 |  |  | 332,143 |
(Loss) gain on sale of properties |  | (1,226) |  |  | 540 |  |  | — |  |  | (686) |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10,157) |  |  | (10,157) |
Interest and other income |  | — |  |  | 760 |  |  | 1,506 |  |  | 2,266 |
Interest expense |  | (216) |  |  | (491) |  |  | (55,268) |  |  | (55,975) |
Gain (loss) on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | (29,576) |  |  | (29,560) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax benefit and equity in earnings of investees |  | 11,161 |  |  | (30,094) |  |  | (94,294) |  |  | (113,227) |
Income tax benefit |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 640 |  |  | 640 |
Equity in earnings of investees |  | 3,204 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,204 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 14,365 |  |  | $ | (30,094) |  |  | $ | (93,654) |  |  | $ | (109,383) |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
|  | Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income |  | $ | 107,607 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,200 |  |  | $ | 127,807 |
Residents fees and services |  | — |  |  | 495,954 |  |  | — |  |  | 495,954 |
Total revenues |  | 107,607 |  |  | 495,954 |  |  | 20,200 |  |  | 623,761 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 45,473 |  |  | 489,335 |  |  | — |  |  | 534,808 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 36,387 |  |  | 73,352 |  |  | 5,781 |  |  | 115,520 |
General and administrative |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,492 |  |  | 14,492 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,537 |  |  | 1,537 |
Total expenses |  | 81,860 |  |  | 562,687 |  |  | 21,810 |  |  | 666,357 |
Gain on sale of properties |  | 326,316 |  |  | 792 |  |  | — |  |  | 327,108 |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,710) |  |  | (18,710) |
Interest and other income |  | — |  |  | 959 |  |  | 1,702 |  |  | 2,661 |
Interest expense |  | (581) |  |  | (985) |  |  | (111,540) |  |  | (113,106) |
Gain (loss) on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | (30,059) |  |  | (30,043) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense and equity in earnings of investees |  | 351,498 |  |  | (65,967) |  |  | (160,217) |  |  | 125,314 |
Income tax expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (832) |  |  | (832) |
Equity in earnings of investees |  | 6,558 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,558 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 358,056 |  |  | $ | (65,967) |  |  | $ | (161,049) |  |  | $ | 131,040 |

Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, established a Provider Relief Fund. Retention and use of the funds received under the CARES Act are subject to certain terms and conditions. The terms and conditions require that the funds be utilized to compensate for lost revenues that are attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic and for eligible costs to prevent, prepare for and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic that are not covered by other sources. Further, fund recipients are required to be participating in Medicare at the time of distribution and are subject to certain other terms and conditions, including quarterly reporting requirements. In addition, fund recipients are required to have billed Medicare during 2019 and to continue to provide care after January 31, 2020 for diagnosis, testing or care for individuals with possible or actual COVID-19 cases. Any funds not used in accordance with the terms and conditions must be returned to HHS. We recognize income from government grants on a systematic and rational basis over the period in which we recognize the related expenses or loss of revenues for which the grants are intended to compensate when there is reasonable assurance that we will comply with the applicable terms and conditions of the grant and there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. We have recognized $959 and $18,181 as other income in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) with respect to our SHOP segment for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

|  | As of June 30, 2022
|  | Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Total assets |  | $ | 1,892,417 |  |  | $ | 3,001,413 |  |  | $ | 1,252,034 |  |  | $ | 6,145,864 |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
|  | Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income |  | $ | 92,804 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 102,394 |
Residents fees and services |  | — |  |  | 243,947 |  |  | — |  |  | 243,947 |
Total revenues |  | 92,804 |  |  | 243,947 |  |  | 9,590 |  |  | 346,341 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 31,321 |  |  | 233,311 |  |  | — |  |  | 264,632 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 32,497 |  |  | 32,538 |  |  | 2,853 |  |  | 67,888 |
General and administrative |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,126 |  |  | 9,126 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | 12,071 |
Total expenses |  | 63,818 |  |  | 265,849 |  |  | 24,050 |  |  | 353,717 |
Gain on sale of properties |  | 30,760 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30,760 |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,849) |  |  | (3,849) |
Interest and other income |  | — |  |  | 15,748 |  |  | 290 |  |  | 16,038 |
Interest expense |  | (5,992) |  |  | (525) |  |  | (61,140) |  |  | (67,657) |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (370) |  |  | (370) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense |  | 53,754 |  |  | (6,679) |  |  | (79,529) |  |  | (32,454) |
Income tax expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (191) |  |  | (191) |
Net income (loss) |  | 53,754 |  |  | (6,679) |  |  | (79,720) |  |  | (32,645) |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | (1,577) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,577) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | 52,177 |  |  | $ | (6,679) |  |  | $ | (79,720) |  |  | $ | (34,222) |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
|  | Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income |  | $ | 186,127 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,025 |  |  | $ | 205,152 |
Residents fees and services |  | — |  |  | 503,913 |  |  | — |  |  | 503,913 |
Total revenues |  | 186,127 |  |  | 503,913 |  |  | 19,025 |  |  | 709,065 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 62,614 |  |  | 489,409 |  |  | — |  |  | 552,023 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 64,435 |  |  | 63,899 |  |  | 5,707 |  |  | 134,041 |
General and administrative |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,668 |  |  | 16,668 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | 12,071 |
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | (174) |  |  | — |  |  | (174) |
Total expenses |  | 127,049 |  |  | 553,134 |  |  | 34,446 |  |  | 714,629 |
Gain on sale of properties |  | 30,638 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30,638 |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,188) |  |  | (12,188) |
Interest and other income |  | — |  |  | 18,181 |  |  | 692 |  |  | 18,873 |
Interest expense |  | (11,931) |  |  | (1,053) |  |  | (114,764) |  |  | (127,748) |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,410) |  |  | (2,410) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense |  | 77,785 |  |  | (32,093) |  |  | (144,091) |  |  | (98,399) |
Income tax expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (429) |  |  | (429) |
Net income (loss) |  | 77,785 |  |  | (32,093) |  |  | (144,520) |  |  | (98,828) |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | (2,899) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,899) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | 74,886 |  |  | $ | (32,093) |  |  | $ | (144,520) |  |  | $ | (101,727) |

| As of December 31, 2021
| Office Portfolio |  | SHOP |  | Non-Segment |  | Consolidated
Total assets | $ | 2,282,652 |  |  | $ | 2,995,819 |  |  | $ | 1,345,043 |  |  | $ | 6,623,514 |

Note 9. Senior Living Community Management Agreements
Our managed senior living communities are operated by third parties pursuant to management agreements. Five Star Senior Living, or Five Star, which is an operating division of AlerisLife, manages certain of our SHOP communities.
2021 Amendments to our Management Arrangements with Five Star. On June 9, 2021, we amended our management arrangements with Five Star. The principal changes to the management arrangements included:
•that Five Star agreed to cooperate with us in transitioning 108 of our senior living communities with approximately 7,500 living units to other third party managers without our payment of any termination fee to Five Star;
•that we no longer have the right to sell up to an additional $682,000 of senior living communities currently managed by Five Star and terminate Five Star's management of those communities without our payment of a fee to Five Star upon sale;
•that Five Star is continuing to manage 120 of our senior living communities, and that the skilled nursing units in all of our continuing care retirement communities that Five Star is continuing to manage, which then included approximately 1,500 living units, were closed and are being evaluated and repositioned;
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(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
•that beginning in 2025, we will have the right to terminate up to 10% of the senior living communities that Five Star is continuing to manage, based on total revenues per year for failure to meet 80% of a target earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization for the applicable period;
•that the incentive fee that Five Star may earn in any calendar year for the senior living communities that Five Star is continuing to manage is no longer subject to a cap and that any senior living communities that are undergoing a major renovation or repositioning are excluded from the calculation of the incentive fee;
•that RMR will oversee any major renovation or repositioning activities at the senior living communities that Five Star is continuing to manage; and
•that the term of our management agreements with Five Star for our senior living communities that Five Star is continuing to manage was extended by two years to December 31, 2036.
Pursuant to these changes, we and Five Star entered into an amended and restated master management agreement, or the Master Management Agreement, for the senior living communities that Five Star is continuing to manage and interim management agreements for the senior living communities that we and Five Star agreed to transition to new third party managers. These agreements replaced our prior master leases and management and pooling agreements with Five Star. In addition, AlerisLife delivered to us a related amended and restated guaranty agreement pursuant to which AlerisLife is continuing to guarantee the payment and performance of its subsidiaries' obligations under the applicable management agreements.
As of December 31, 2021, we had transitioned 107 of the 108 senior living communities, containing 7,340 living units, from Five Star to new third party managers. The remaining senior living community was closed in February 2022 and we are assessing opportunities to redevelop that property. We continue to lease our senior living communities that have been transitioned to new managers to our taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs. We incurred costs related to retention and other transition costs for these communities. We recorded $517 and $11,914 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1,445 and $11,914 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of these costs to acquisition and certain other transaction related costs in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Our Senior Living Communities Managed by Five Star. Five Star managed 120 and 235 of our senior living communities as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We lease our senior living communities that are managed by Five Star to our TRSs.
We incurred management fees payable to Five Star of $8,971 and $12,927 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $17,903 and $26,777 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $8,274 and $12,212, respectively, of the total management fees were expensed to property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and $697 and $715, respectively, were capitalized in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $16,416 and $25,228, respectively, of the total management fees were expensed to property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and $1,487 and $1,549, respectively, were capitalized in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The amounts capitalized are being depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related capital assets.
We incurred fees of $1,736 and $2,630 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $3,652 and $8,071 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, with respect to rehabilitation services Five Star provided at our senior living communities that are payable by us. These amounts are included in property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
We lease to Five Star space at certain of our senior living communities, which it uses to provide certain outpatient rehabilitation and wellness services. We recorded $379 and $398 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $767 and $795 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, with respect to these leases.
Our Senior Living Communities Managed by Other Third Party Managers. We incurred management fees payable to our other third party managers of $5,218 and $10,326 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. These amounts are included in property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
The following table presents residents fees and services revenue from all of our managed senior living communities disaggregated by the type of contract and payer:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue from contracts with customers: |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Basic housing and support services |  | $ | 196,999 |  |  | $ | 188,169 |  |  | $ | 389,873 |  |  | $ | 376,198 |
Medicare and Medicaid programs |  | 18,966 |  |  | 24,907 |  |  | 38,783 |  |  | 60,855 |
Private pay and other third party payer SNF services |  | 34,541 |  |  | 30,871 |  |  | 67,298 |  |  | 66,860 |
Total residents fees and services |  | $ | 250,506 |  |  | $ | 243,947 |  |  | $ | 495,954 |  |  | $ | 503,913 |

Note 10. Business and Property Management Agreements with RMR
We have no employees. The personnel and various services we require to operate our business are provided to us by RMR. We have two agreements with RMR to provide management services to us: (1) a business management agreement, which relates to our business generally; and (2) a property management agreement, which relates to the property level operations of our medical office and life science properties and major renovation or repositioning activities at our senior living communities that we may request RMR to manage from time to time. See Note 11 for further information regarding our relationship, agreements and transactions with RMR.
We recognized net business management fees of $4,506 and $6,324 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $9,319 and $11,641 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Based on our common share total return, as defined in our business management agreement, as of each of June 30, 2022 and 2021, no estimated incentive fees are included in the net business management fees we recognized for the three or six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021. The actual amount of annual incentive fees for 2022, if any, will be based on our common share total return as defined in our business management agreement, for the three-year period ending December 31, 2022, and will be payable in January 2023. We did not incur any incentive fee payable for the year ended December 31, 2021. We recognize business management and incentive fees in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). RMR provides management services to our joint ventures. See Note 11 for further information regarding our joint ventures' management arrangements with RMR and the related impact on our management fees payable to RMR.
We and RMR amended our business management agreement effective August 1, 2021 to provide that (i) for periods beginning on and after August 1, 2021, the MSCI U.S. REIT/Health Care REIT Index will be used to calculate benchmark returns per share for purposes of determining any incentive management fee payable by us to RMR, and (ii) for periods prior to August 1, 2021, the SNL U.S. REIT Healthcare Index will continue to be used. This change of index was due to S&P Global ceasing to publish the SNL U.S. REIT Healthcare Index.
We recognized aggregate net property management and construction supervision fees of $2,518 and $3,191 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4,909 and $6,345 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $1,272 and $2,465, respectively, of the total property management fees were expensed to property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and $1,246 and $726, respectively, were capitalized as building improvements in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $2,621 and $4,950, respectively, of the total property management fees were expensed to property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and $2,288 and $1,395, respectively, were capitalized as building improvements in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The amounts capitalized are being depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related capital assets.
We are generally responsible for all our operating expenses, including certain expenses incurred or arranged by RMR on our behalf. We are generally not responsible for payment of RMR's employment, office or administrative expenses incurred to provide management services to us, except for the employment and related expenses of RMR's employees assigned to work exclusively or partly at our properties, our share of the wages, benefits and other related costs of RMR's centralized accounting personnel, our share of RMR's costs for providing our internal audit function, or as otherwise agreed. Our property level operating expenses are generally incorporated into the rents charged to our tenants, including certain payroll and related costs incurred by RMR. We reimbursed RMR $3,111 and $3,202 for these expenses and costs for the three months ended June 30,
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(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
2022 and 2021, respectively, and $6,075 and $6,499 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts are included in property operating expenses or general and administrative expenses, as applicable, in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) for these periods.
On June 9, 2021, we and RMR amended our property management agreement to, among other things, provide for RMR's oversight of any major capital projects and repositionings at our senior living communities, including our senior living communities which Five Star is continuing to manage, and that RMR receives the same fee previously paid to Five Star for such services, which is equal to 3% of the cost of any such major capital project or repositioning.
Note 11. Related Person Transactions
We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with RMR, The RMR Group Inc., or RMR Inc., AlerisLife (including Five Star) and others related to them, including other companies to which RMR or its subsidiaries provide management services and some of which have trustees, directors or officers who are also our Trustees or officers. RMR Inc. is the managing member of RMR. The Chair of our Board and one of our Managing Trustees, Adam D. Portnoy, is the sole trustee, an officer and the controlling shareholder of ABP Trust, which is the controlling shareholder of RMR Inc., the chair of the board of directors, a managing director and the president and chief executive officer of RMR Inc., an officer and employee of RMR and the chair of the board of directors and a managing director of AlerisLife. Jennifer F. Francis, our other Managing Trustee and our President and Chief Executive Officer, and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer are also employees and officers of RMR. Jennifer B. Clark, our Secretary and former Managing Trustee, also serves as a managing director and the executive vice president, general counsel and secretary of RMR Inc., an officer and employee of RMR, an officer of ABP Trust and a managing director and the secretary of AlerisLife. Certain of AlerisLife's officers are officers and employees of RMR. Some of our Independent Trustees also serve as independent trustees or independent directors of other public companies to which RMR or its subsidiaries provide management services. Adam Portnoy serves as the chair of the board and as a managing director or managing trustee of these companies. Other officers of RMR, including Ms. Clark and certain of our officers, serve as managing trustees, managing directors or officers of certain of these companies. In addition, officers of RMR and RMR Inc. serve as our officers and officers of other companies to which RMR or its subsidiaries provide management services.
AlerisLife. We are currently AlerisLife's largest stockholder. As of June 30, 2022, we owned approximately 32.8% of AlerisLife's outstanding common shares. Five Star is an operating division of AlerisLife. Five Star manages certain of the senior living communities we own pursuant to the Master Management Agreement. RMR provides management services to both us and AlerisLife. See Note 9 for further information regarding our relationships, agreements and transactions with AlerisLife (including Five Star) and Note 5 for further information regarding our investment in AlerisLife.
As of June 30, 2022, ABP Acquisition LLC, a subsidiary of ABP Trust, the controlling shareholder of RMR Inc., together with ABP Trust, owned approximately 6.2% of AlerisLife's outstanding common shares.
Our Joint Ventures. We have two separate joint venture arrangements with two third party institutional investors, our Boston life science property joint venture and our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture. We own a 10% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture and a 20% equity interest in our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture; from January 2022 until June 28, 2022, we owned a 20% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture. We initially entered into our Boston life science property joint venture prior to January 1, 2021, and we entered into our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture in January 2022. RMR provides management services to both of these joint ventures. Our joint ventures are not our consolidated subsidiaries and, as a result, we are not obligated to pay management fees to RMR under our management agreements with RMR for the services it provides regarding the joint ventures. Prior to December 23, 2021, our Boston life science property joint venture was our consolidated subsidiary and, as such, we were previously obligated to pay management fees to RMR under our management agreements with RMR for the services it provided regarding that joint venture; however, that joint venture paid management fees directly to RMR, and any such fees paid by that joint venture were credited against the fees payable by us to RMR. In addition, we wholly owned the 10 medical office and life science properties until the contribution of these properties to the applicable joint venture in January 2022 and we paid management fees to RMR for the management services it provided to us for those properties up until that time. As of June 30, 2022, in connection with the closing of our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture in January 2022, we paid mortgage escrow amounts and closing costs of $11,113 that were payable by that joint venture. Those costs are presented as other assets, net, in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise stated)
Our Manager, RMR. We have two agreements with RMR to provide management services to us. See Note 10 for further information regarding our management agreements with RMR.
For further information about these and other such relationships and certain other related person transactions, see our Annual Report.
Note 12. Income Taxes
We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and, as such, are generally not subject to federal and most state income taxation on our operating income provided we distribute our taxable income to our shareholders and meet certain organization and operating requirements. We do, however, lease our managed senior living communities to our wholly owned TRSs that, unlike most of our subsidiaries, file a separate consolidated federal corporate income tax return and are subject to federal and state income taxes. Our consolidated income tax provision includes the income tax provision related to the operations of our TRSs and certain state income taxes we incur despite our taxation as a REIT. Our current income tax expense (or benefit) fluctuates from period to period based primarily on the timing of our income, including gains on the disposition of properties or losses in a particular quarter. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized income tax benefit of $640 and expense of $191, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized income tax expense of $832 and $429, respectively.
Note 13. Weighted Average Common Share s (share amounts in thousands)
We calculate basic earnings per common share using the two class method. We calculate diluted earnings per share using the more dilutive of the two class method or the treasury stock method. Unvested share awards and other potentially dilutive common shares, together with the related impact on earnings, are considered when calculating diluted earnings per share. For purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share, we did not include 833 and 837 of unvested share awards for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, because to do so would have been antidilutive.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report.
OVERVIEW
We are a REIT that is organized under Maryland law and which owns medical office and life science properties, senior living communities and other healthcare related properties throughout the United States. As of June 30, 2022, we wholly owned 378 properties, including eight closed senior living communities, located in 36 states and Washington, D.C. At June 30, 2022, the gross book value of our real estate assets at cost plus certain acquisition costs, before depreciation and purchase price allocations and less impairment write downs, was $6.9 billion.
As of June 30, 2022, we owned an equity interest in each of two unconsolidated joint ventures that own medical office and life science properties located in five states with an aggregate of approximately 2.2 million rentable square feet that was 98% leased with an average (by annualized rental income) remaining lease term of 6.5 years.
Our business is focused on healthcare related properties, including medical office and life science properties, senior living communities, wellness centers and other medical and healthcare related properties. We believe that the healthcare sector and many of our tenants, managers and operators provide essential services across the United States. Due to restrictions intended to prevent the spread of the virus that causes COVID-19, certain of our medical office and wellness center tenants, which include physician practices that had discontinued non-essential surgeries and procedures and fitness centers that had been ordered closed by state executive orders, experienced disruptions to their businesses. Our senior living community operators also experienced disruptions, including limitations on in-person tours and new admissions, and experienced challenges in attracting new residents to their communities in addition to experiencing increased expenses due to increased labor costs, including higher health benefits costs, and increased costs and consumption of supplies, including personal protective equipment.
We are closely monitoring the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current inflationary market conditions on all aspects of our business, including, but not limited to, labor availability, wage inflation and cost pressures from supply chain disruptions and commodity price inflation in our SHOP segment. We expect to continue to have elevated labor costs on a per resident basis.
The U.S. Federal Reserve has recently raised interest rates in an effort to combat high inflation, which could result in negative consequences in the U.S. economy, and concerns about a potential recession are becoming more pronounced. It is unclear whether the U.S. economy will be able to withstand such challenges and realize continued sustained growth. A recession could adversely affect our financial condition and that of our managers, operators and tenants, could adversely impact the ability of our managers, tenants or residents to pay the contractual amounts of returns, rents or other obligations due to us, could impair our ability to effectively deploy our capital or realize upon investments on favorable terms and may cause the values of our properties and other investments and of our securities to decline. We could also be affected by any overall weakening of, or disruptions in, the financial markets, including an adverse impact on our ability to raise capital and the cost thereof.
We believe that we are well positioned to weather the present disruptions facing the real estate industry and, in particular, the real estate healthcare industry, including senior living. However, it is unclear whether the number of COVID-19 infections will further increase or amplify in the United States or elsewhere and, if so, what the impact of that would be on human health and safety, the economy, or our managers', operators' and tenants' businesses. It is also uncertain what the impact of changing market and economic conditions would be on our and our managers', operators' and tenants' businesses. As a result of these uncertainties, we are unable to determine what the ultimate impacts will be on our, our tenants', our managers', our operators' and other stakeholders' businesses, operations, financial results and financial position. For further information and risks relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath on us and our business, see Part I, Item 1, "Business" and Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report.
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PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
The following tables present an overview of our portfolio (dollars in thousands, except investment per square foot or unit data):

As of June 30, 2022 |  | Number of Properties |  | Square Feet or Number of Units |  |  |  | Gross Book Value of Real Estate Assets(1) |  | % of Total Gross Book Value of Real Estate Assets |  | Investment per Square Foot or Unit(2) |  | Q2 2022 Revenues |  | % of Q2 2022 Revenues |  | Q2 2022 NOI (3) |  | % of Q2 2022 NOI
Office Portfolio (4) |  | 104 |  |  | 8,722,866 |  |  | sq. ft. |  | $ | 2,193,695 |  |  | 32.0 | % |  | $ | 251 |  |  | $ | 52,610 |  |  | 16.8 | % |  | $ | 30,584 |  |  | 65.1 | %
SHOP |  | 234 |  |  | 25,075 |  |  | units |  | 4,226,840 |  |  | 61.7 | % |  | $ | 168,568 |  |  | 250,506 |  |  | 80.0 | % |  | 6,466 |  |  | 13.8 | %
Triple net leased senior living communities |  | 30 |  |  | 2,327 |  |  | units |  | 252,961 |  |  | 3.7 | % |  | $ | 108,707 |  |  | 6,114 |  |  | 2.0 | % |  | 6,114 |  |  | 13.0 | %
Wellness centers |  | 10 |  |  | 812,000 |  |  | sq. ft. |  | 178,110 |  |  | 2.6 | % |  | $ | 219 |  |  | 3,798 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 3,798 |  |  | 8.1 | %
Total |  | 378 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,851,606 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  | $ | 313,028 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 46,962 |  |  | 100.0 | %

|  | Occupancy
|  | As of and For the Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Office Portfolio (5) |  | 88.1 | % |  | 91.0 | %
SHOP |  | 73.6 | % |  | 70.9 | %
Triple net leased senior living communities (6)(7) |  | 79.8 | % |  | 74.3 | %
Wellness centers (7) |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %

(1)Represents gross book value of real estate assets at cost plus certain acquisition costs, before depreciation and purchase price allocations and less impairment write downs, if any.
(2)Represents gross book value of real estate assets divided by number of rentable square feet or living units, as applicable, at June 30, 2022.
(3)We calculate our NOI on a consolidated basis and by reportable segment. Our definition of NOI and our reconciliation of net income (loss) to NOI are included below under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”.
(4)Our medical office and life science property leases include some triple net leases where, in addition to paying fixed rents, the tenants assume the obligation to operate and maintain the properties at their expense, and some net and modified gross leases where we are responsible for the operation and maintenance of the properties and we charge tenants for some or all of the property operating costs. A small percentage of our medical office and life science property leases are full-service leases where we receive fixed rent from our tenants and no reimbursement for our property operating costs.
(5)Medical office and life science property occupancy data is as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 and includes (i) out of service assets undergoing redevelopment, (ii) space which is leased but is not occupied or is being offered for sublease by tenants and (iii) space being fitted out for occupancy.
(6)Excludes data for periods prior to our ownership of certain properties, data for properties sold or classified as held for sale, if any, and data for which there was a transfer of operations during the periods presented.
(7)Operating data for triple net leased senior living communities leased to third party operators and wellness centers are presented based upon the operating results provided by our tenants for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, or the most recent prior period for which tenant operating results are made available to us. We have not independently verified tenant operating data.
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During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, we entered into new and renewal leases at our medical office and life science properties in our Office Portfolio segment as summarized in the following tables (dollars and square feet in thousands, except per square foot amounts):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
|  | New Leases |  | Renewals |  | Total
Square feet leased during the quarter |  | 52 |  |  | 211 |  |  | 263 |
Weighted average rental rate change (by rentable square feet) |  | 14.9 | % |  | 6.8 | % |  | 9.1 | %
Weighted average lease term (years) (1) |  | 5.8 |  |  | 5.4 |  |  | 5.5 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments (2) |  | $ | 2,986 |  |  | $ | 2,350 |  |  | $ | 5,336 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments per square foot (2) |  | $ | 57.47 |  |  | $ | 11.13 |  |  | $ | 20.28 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments per square foot per year (2) |  | $ | 9.91 |  |  | $ | 2.07 |  |  | $ | 3.69 |

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
|  | New Leases |  | Renewals |  | Total
Square feet leased during the period |  | 172 |  |  | 292 |  |  | 464 |
Weighted average rental rate change (by rentable square feet) |  | 15.0 | % |  | 4.5 | % |  | 8.7 | %
Weighted average lease term (years) (1) |  | 8.4 |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 6.4 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments (2) |  | $ | 14,316 |  |  | $ | 3,558 |  |  | $ | 17,874 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments per square foot (2) |  | $ | 83.21 |  |  | $ | 12.18 |  |  | $ | 38.50 |
Total leasing costs and concession commitments per square foot per year (2) |  | $ | 9.92 |  |  | $ | 2.47 |  |  | $ | 6.02 |

(1)Weighted based on annualized rental income pursuant to existing leases as of June 30, 2022, including straight line rent adjustments and estimated recurring expense reimbursements, and excluding lease value amortization.
(2)Includes commitments made for leasing expenditures and concessions, such as tenant improvements, leasing commissions, tenant reimbursements and free rent.
Lease Expiration Schedules
As of June 30, 2022, lease expirations at our medical office and life science properties in our Office Portfolio segment are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year |  | Number of Tenants |  | Square Feet Leased |  | Percent of Total |  | Cumulative Percent of Total |  | Annualized Rental Income(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Percent of Total |  | Cumulative Percent of Total
2022 |  | 54 |  | 418,778 |  |  | 5.4 | % |  | 5.4 | % |  | $ | 11,660 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5.3 | % |  | 5.3 | %
2023 |  | 46 |  | 658,901 |  |  | 8.6 | % |  | 14.0 | % |  | 18,229 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.3 | % |  | 13.6 | %
2024 |  | 72 |  | 971,967 |  |  | 12.6 | % |  | 26.6 | % |  | 26,335 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12.0 | % |  | 25.6 | %
2025 |  | 74 |  | 713,422 |  |  | 9.3 | % |  | 35.9 | % |  | 16,923 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | 33.3 | %
2026 |  | 64 |  | 796,376 |  |  | 10.4 | % |  | 46.3 | % |  | 23,932 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.9 | % |  | 44.2 | %
2027 |  | 57 |  | 809,691 |  |  | 10.5 | % |  | 56.8 | % |  | 19,400 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.8 | % |  | 53.0 | %
2028 |  | 33 |  | 874,257 |  |  | 11.4 | % |  | 68.2 | % |  | 22,809 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.4 | % |  | 63.4 | %
2029 |  | 37 |  | 390,787 |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 73.3 | % |  | 11,259 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 68.5 | %
2030 |  | 18 |  | 388,369 |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 78.4 | % |  | 7,693 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 72.0 | %
2031 and thereafter |  | 50 |  | 1,665,116 |  |  | 21.6 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 60,998 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %
Total |  | 505 |  | 7,687,664 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  | $ | 219,238 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) |  | 5.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1)Annualized rental income is based on rents pursuant to existing leases as of June 30, 2022, including straight line rent adjustments and estimated recurring expense reimbursements for certain net and modified gross leases and excluding lease value amortization at certain of our medical office and life science properties.
Lease expiration data for our triple net leased senior living communities leased to third party operators and wellness centers has not been provided because there were no changes to the lease expiration schedules from those reported in our Annual Report.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (dollars and square feet in thousands, unless otherwise noted)
We operate in, and report financial information for, the following two segments: Office Portfolio and SHOP. We aggregate each of these two reporting segments based on their similar operating and economic characteristics. Our Office Portfolio segment consists of medical office properties leased to medical providers and other medical related businesses, as well as life science properties leased to biotech laboratories and other similar tenants. Our SHOP segment consists of managed senior living communities that provide short term and long term residential living and, in some instances, care and other services for residents where we pay fees to managers to operate the communities.
We also report “non-segment” operations, consisting of triple net leased senior living communities and wellness centers that are leased to third party operators from which we receive rents, which we do not consider to be sufficiently material to constitute a separate reporting segment, and any other income or expenses that are not attributable to a specific reporting segment.
The following table summarizes the results of operations of each of our segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office Portfolio |  | $ | 52,610 |  |  | $ | 92,804 |  |  | $ | 107,607 |  |  | $ | 186,127 |
SHOP |  | 250,506 |  |  | 243,947 |  |  | 495,954 |  |  | 503,913 |
Non-Segment |  | 9,912 |  |  | 9,590 |  |  | 20,200 |  |  | 19,025 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 313,028 |  |  | $ | 346,341 |  |  | $ | 623,761 |  |  | $ | 709,065 |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office Portfolio |  | $ | 14,365 |  |  | $ | 52,177 |  |  | $ | 358,056 |  |  | $ | 74,886 |
SHOP |  | (30,094) |  |  | (6,679) |  |  | (65,967) |  |  | (32,093) |
Non-Segment |  | (93,654) |  |  | (79,720) |  |  | (161,049) |  |  | (144,520) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (109,383) |  |  | $ | (34,222) |  |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (101,727) |

The following sections analyze and discuss the results of operations of each of our segments for the periods presented.
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Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 (dollars and square feet in thousands, except average monthly rate):
Unless otherwise indicated, references in this section to changes or comparisons of results, income or expenses refer to comparisons of the results for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our definition of NOI and our reconciliation of net income (loss) to NOI and a description of why we believe NOI is an appropriate supplemental measure are included below under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

|  | Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
NOI by segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office Portfolio |  | $ | 30,584 |  |  | $ | 61,483 |  |  | $ | (30,899) |  |  | (50.3) | %
SHOP |  | 6,466 |  |  | 10,636 |  |  | (4,170) |  |  | (39.2) | %
Non-Segment |  | 9,912 |  |  | 9,590 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 3.4 | %
Total NOI |  | 46,962 |  |  | 81,709 |  |  | (34,747) |  |  | (42.5) | %
Depreciation and amortization |  | 58,261 |  |  | 67,888 |  |  | (9,627) |  |  | (14.2) | %
General and administrative |  | 7,207 |  |  | 9,126 |  |  | (1,919) |  |  | (21.0) | %
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | 609 |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | (11,462) |  |  | (95.0) | %
(Loss) gain on sale of properties |  | (686) |  |  | 30,760 |  |  | (31,446) |  |  | (102.2) | %
Losses on equity securities, net |  | (10,157) |  |  | (3,849) |  |  | (6,308) |  |  | 163.9 | %
Interest and other income |  | 2,266 |  |  | 16,038 |  |  | (13,772) |  |  | (85.9) | %
Interest expense |  | (55,975) |  |  | (67,657) |  |  | 11,682 |  |  | (17.3) | %
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | (29,560) |  |  | (370) |  |  | (29,190) |  |  | nm
Loss from continuing operations before income tax benefit (expense) and equity in earnings of investees |  | (113,227) |  |  | (32,454) |  |  | (80,773) |  |  | 248.9 | %
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 640 |  |  | (191) |  |  | 831 |  |  | nm
Equity in earnings of investees |  | 3,204 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,204 |  |  | nm
Net loss |  | (109,383) |  |  | (32,645) |  |  | (76,738) |  |  | 235.1 | %
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (1,577) |  |  | 1,577 |  |  | (100.0) | %
Net loss attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (109,383) |  |  | $ | (34,222) |  |  | $ | (75,161) |  |  | 219.6 | %

nm - not meaningful
Office Portfolio:

|  | Comparable Properties (1) |  | All Properties
|  | As of June 30, |  | As of June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total buildings |  | 95 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 118 |
Total square feet (2) |  | 8,019 |  |  | 8,020 |  |  | 8,723 |  |  | 10,927 |
Occupancy (3) |  | 91.2 | % |  | 91.8 | % |  | 88.1 | % |  | 91.0 | %

(1)Consists of medical office and life science properties that we have owned and which have been in service continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale or out of service undergoing redevelopment, if any, and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
(2)Prior periods exclude space remeasurements made subsequent to those periods.
(3)All property occupancy for medical office and life science properties includes (i) out of service assets undergoing redevelopment, (ii) space which is leased but is not occupied or is being offered for sublease by tenants, and (iii) space being fitted out for occupancy. Comparable property occupancy excludes out of service assets undergoing redevelopment and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
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|  | Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Rental income |  | $ | 48,679 |  |  | $ | 48,213 |  |  | $ | 466 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | $ | 3,931 |  |  | $ | 44,591 |  |  | $ | 52,610 |  |  | $ | 92,804 |  |  | $ | (40,194) |  |  | (43.3) | %
Property operating expenses |  | (19,825) |  |  | (19,165) |  |  | 660 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  | (2,201) |  |  | (12,156) |  |  | (22,026) |  |  | (31,321) |  |  | (9,295) |  |  | (29.7) | %
NOI |  | $ | 28,854 |  |  | $ | 29,048 |  |  | $ | (194) |  |  | (0.7) | % |  | $ | 1,730 |  |  | $ | 32,435 |  |  | $ | 30,584 |  |  | $ | 61,483 |  |  | $ | (30,899) |  |  | (50.3) | %

(1)Consists of medical office and life science properties that we have owned and which have been in service continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale or out of service undergoing redevelopment, if any, and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
Rental income. Rental income decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties currently owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest and our disposition of four properties since April 1, 2021, partially offset by an increase in rental income at our comparable properties. Rental income increased at our comparable properties primarily due to higher average rents achieved from our new and renewal leasing activity and increased parking revenue at certain of our comparable properties as certain states and municipalities have eased restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, tenants' employees have increasingly returned to the office and commercial activity has increased, partially offset by decreases in tax escalation income and other property operating expense reimbursements at certain of our comparable properties.
Property operating expenses. Property operating expenses consist of real estate taxes, utility expenses, insurance, management fees, salaries and benefit costs of property level personnel, repairs and maintenance expense, cleaning expense and other direct costs of operating these properties. The decrease in property operating expenses is primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties currently owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest and our disposition of four properties since April 1, 2021, partially offset by an increase in property operating expenses at our comparable properties, which increased primarily due to increases in real estate taxes and other direct costs at certain of our comparable properties.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in rental income and property operating expenses described above.
SHOP:

|  | Comparable Properties (1) |  | All Properties
|  | As of and For the Three Months |  | As of and For the Three Months
|  | Ended June 30, |  | Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total properties |  | 120 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 234 |  |  | 235 |
Number of units |  | 17,886 |  |  | 17,886 |  |  | 25,075 |  |  | 25,423 |
Occupancy |  | 74.1 | % |  | 72.9 | % |  | 73.6 | % |  | 70.9 | %
Average monthly rate (2) |  | $ | 4,109 |  |  | $ | 4,018 |  |  | $ | 4,480 |  |  | $ | 4,307 |

(1)Consists of senior living communities that we have owned and which have been operated by the same operator continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes communities classified as held for sale or closed, if any.
(2)Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total residents fees and services divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Residents fees and services |  | $ | 165,182 |  |  | $ | 168,655 |  |  | $ | (3,473) |  |  | (2.1) | % |  | $ | 85,324 |  |  | $ | 75,292 |  |  | $ | 250,506 |  |  | $ | 243,947 |  |  | $ | 6,559 |  |  | 2.7 | %
Property operating expenses |  | (152,304) |  |  | (156,191) |  |  | (3,887) |  |  | (2.5) | % |  | (91,736) |  |  | (77,120) |  |  | (244,040) |  |  | (233,311) |  |  | 10,729 |  |  | 4.6 | %
NOI |  | $ | 12,878 |  |  | $ | 12,464 |  |  | $ | 414 |  |  | 3.3 | % |  | $ | (6,412) |  |  | $ | (1,828) |  |  | $ | 6,466 |  |  | $ | 10,636 |  |  | $ | (4,170) |  |  | (39.2) | %

(1)Consists of senior living communities that we have owned and which have been operated by the same operator continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes communities classified as held for sale or closed, if any.
26

Residents fees and services. Residents fees and services are the revenues earned at our managed senior living communities. We recognize these revenues as services are provided and related fees are accrued. Residents fees and services increased primarily due to increases in occupancy and average monthly rate at both comparable and non-comparable properties, partially offset by our closure of one property since April 1, 2021. Residents fees and services at our comparable properties decreased due to the closure of skilled nursing units during the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Property operating expenses. Property operating expenses consist of real estate taxes, utility expenses, insurance, salaries and benefit costs of property level personnel, repairs and maintenance expense, management fees, cleaning expense and other direct costs of operating these communities. Property operating expenses increased primarily due to increases in labor costs, variable costs resulting from higher occupancy at certain of our properties and increases to our insurance premiums for certain of our properties. These increases were partially offset by the closure of skilled nursing units at certain of our comparable properties during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and our closure of one property since April 1, 2021.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in residents fees and services and property operating expenses described above.
Non-Segment(1):

|  | Comparable Properties (2) |  | All Properties
|  | As of and For the Three Months Ended June 30, |  | As of and For the Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total properties: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Triple net leased senior living communities |  | 29 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 29 |
Wellness centers |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |
Rent coverage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Triple net leased senior living communities (3) |  | 1.18 | x |  | 1.38 | x |  | 1.18 | x |  | 1.38 | x
Wellness centers (3) |  | 1.34 | x |  | 0.94 | x |  | 1.34 | x |  | 0.94 | x

(1)Non-segment operations consists of all of our other operations, including certain senior living communities leased to third party operators and wellness centers, which segment we do not consider to be sufficiently material to constitute a separate reporting segment, and any other income or expenses that are not attributable to a specific reporting segment.
(2)Comparable properties consists of properties that we have owned and which have been leased to the same operator continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale, if any.
(3)All tenant operating data presented is based upon the operating results provided by our tenants for the 12 months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 or the most recent prior period for which tenant operating results are available to us. Rent coverage is calculated using the operating cash flows from our triple net lease tenants' operations of our properties, before subordinated charges, if any, divided by triple net lease minimum rents payable to us. We have not independently verified tenant operating data. Excludes data for historical periods prior to our ownership of certain properties, as well as data for properties sold or classified as held for sale, if any, or for which there was a transfer of operations during the periods presented.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Rental income |  | $ | 10,107 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 517 |  |  | 5.4 | % |  | $ | (195) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,912 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 322 |  |  | 3.4 | %
NOI |  | $ | 10,107 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 517 |  |  | 5.4 | % |  | $ | (195) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,912 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 322 |  |  | 3.4 | %

(1)Consists of properties that we have owned and which have been leased to the same operator continuously since April 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale, if any.
Rental income. Rental income increased primarily due to an increase in rental income at our comparable properties and as a result of our purchase of improvements at our comparable properties since April 1, 2021. Rental income increased at our comparable properties primarily due to higher cash rents received during the three months ended June 30, 2022 from a tenant that previously defaulted under leases for six of our wellness centers. We have elected to recognize rental income from this previously defaulted tenant as rent payments are received. In February 2022, the leases for these six wellness centers were amended and a portion of the rent due to us was deferred. Increases in rental income were partially offset by rents being reserved for a defaulted tenant at one of our senior living communities.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in rental income described above.
27

Consolidated:
Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest, our disposition of four properties and certain depreciable assets becoming fully depreciated since April 1, 2021. Decreases to depreciation and amortization expense were partially offset by the purchase of capital improvements at certain of our properties since April 1, 2021.
General and administrative expense. General and administrative expense consists of fees paid to RMR under our business management agreement, legal and accounting fees, fees and expenses of our Trustees, equity compensation expense and other costs relating to our status as a publicly traded company. General and administrative expense decreased primarily due to a decrease in our base business management fees expense as a result of lower consolidated indebtedness and lower trading prices for our common shares during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, acquisition and certain other transaction related costs primarily represent costs related to the transition of certain senior living communities to new third party managers.
(Loss) gain on sale of properties. (Loss) gain on sale of properties is the net result of our sale of certain of our properties and joint venture equity interests during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The loss on sale of properties during the three months ended June 30, 2022 reflects our sale of a 10% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture. For further information regarding (loss) gain on sale of properties, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report.
Losses on equity securities, net. Losses on equity securities, net, represent the net unrealized losses to adjust our investment in AlerisLife to its fair value. For further information regarding our investment in AlerisLife, see Note 5 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Interest and other income. The decrease in interest and other income is primarily due to $760 of funds we received from the U.S. government pursuant to the CARES Act during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $15,748 received during the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of the debt secured by one life science property owned by our Boston life science property joint venture. Additionally, interest expense decreased due to our redemption in June 2021 of all $300,000 of our 6.75% senior notes due 2021, our redemption in June 2022 of $500,000 of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and a decrease in average borrowings under our revolving credit facility. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in interest rates under our revolving credit facility during the 2022 period.
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt in connection with our redemption of $500,000 of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025, partially offset by a gain on early extinguishment of debt in connection with our prepayment of a mortgage note. We also recorded a loss in connection with our redemption of all $300,000 of our 6.75% senior notes due 2021 during the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Income tax benefit (expense). Income tax benefit (expense) is the result of operating income we earned in certain jurisdictions where we are subject to state income taxes.
Equity in earnings of investees. Equity in earnings of investees is the change in the fair value of our investments in our joint ventures.
28

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 (dollars and square feet in thousands, except average monthly rate):
Unless otherwise indicated, references in this section to changes or comparisons of results, income or expenses refer to comparisons of the results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our definition of NOI and our reconciliation of net income (loss) to NOI and a description of why we believe NOI is an appropriate supplemental measure are included below under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
NOI by segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office Portfolio |  | $ | 62,134 |  |  | $ | 123,513 |  |  | $ | (61,379) |  |  | (49.7) | %
SHOP |  | 6,619 |  |  | 14,504 |  |  | (7,885) |  |  | (54.4) | %
Non-Segment |  | 20,200 |  |  | 19,025 |  |  | 1,175 |  |  | 6.2 | %
Total NOI |  | 88,953 |  |  | 157,042 |  |  | (68,089) |  |  | (43.4) | %
Depreciation and amortization |  | 115,520 |  |  | 134,041 |  |  | (18,521) |  |  | (13.8) | %
General and administrative |  | 14,492 |  |  | 16,668 |  |  | (2,176) |  |  | (13.1) | %
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | 1,537 |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | (10,534) |  |  | (87.3) | %
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | (174) |  |  | 174 |  |  | (100.0) | %
Gain on sale of properties |  | 327,108 |  |  | 30,638 |  |  | 296,470 |  |  | nm
Losses on equity securities, net |  | (18,710) |  |  | (12,188) |  |  | (6,522) |  |  | 53.5 | %
Interest and other income |  | 2,661 |  |  | 18,873 |  |  | (16,212) |  |  | (85.9) | %
Interest expense |  | (113,106) |  |  | (127,748) |  |  | 14,642 |  |  | (11.5) | %
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | (30,043) |  |  | (2,410) |  |  | (27,633) |  |  | nm
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense and equity in earnings of investees |  | 125,314 |  |  | (98,399) |  |  | 223,713 |  |  | nm
Income tax expense |  | (832) |  |  | (429) |  |  | (403) |  |  | 93.9 | %
Equity in earnings of investees |  | 6,558 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,558 |  |  | nm
Net income (loss) |  | 131,040 |  |  | (98,828) |  |  | 229,868 |  |  | nm
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (2,899) |  |  | 2,899 |  |  | (100.0) | %
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (101,727) |  |  | $ | 232,767 |  |  | nm

nm - not meaningful
Office Portfolio:

|  | Comparable Properties (1) |  | All Properties
|  | As of June 30, |  | As of June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total buildings |  | 95 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 118 |
Total square feet (2) |  | 8,019 |  |  | 8,020 |  |  | 8,723 |  |  | 10,927 |
Occupancy (3) |  | 91.2 | % |  | 91.8 | % |  | 88.1 | % |  | 91.0 | %

(1)Consists of medical office and life science properties that we have owned and which have been in service continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale or out of service undergoing redevelopment, if any, and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
(2)Prior periods exclude space remeasurements made subsequent to those periods.
(3)All property occupancy for medical office and life science properties includes (i) out of service assets undergoing redevelopment, (ii) space which is leased but is not occupied or is being offered for sublease by tenants, and (iii) space being fitted out for occupancy. Comparable property occupancy excludes out of service assets undergoing redevelopment and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
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|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Rental income |  | $ | 97,107 |  |  | $ | 96,336 |  |  | $ | 771 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | $ | 10,500 |  |  | $ | 89,791 |  |  | $ | 107,607 |  |  | $ | 186,127 |  |  | $ | (78,520) |  |  | (42.2) | %
Property operating expenses |  | (39,692) |  |  | (38,339) |  |  | 1,353 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | (5,781) |  |  | (24,275) |  |  | (45,473) |  |  | (62,614) |  |  | (17,141) |  |  | (27.4) | %
NOI |  | $ | 57,415 |  |  | $ | 57,997 |  |  | $ | (582) |  |  | (1.0) | % |  | $ | 4,719 |  |  | $ | 65,516 |  |  | $ | 62,134 |  |  | $ | 123,513 |  |  | $ | (61,379) |  |  | (49.7) | %

(1)Consists of medical office and life science properties that we have owned and which have been in service continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale or out of service undergoing redevelopment, if any, and medical office and life science properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest.
Rental income. Rental income decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties currently owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest and our disposition of five properties since January 1, 2021, partially offset by an increase in rental income at our comparable properties. Rental income increased at our comparable properties primarily due to higher average rents achieved from our new and renewal leasing activity and increased parking revenue at certain of our comparable properties as certain states and municipalities have eased restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, tenants' employees have increasingly returned to the office and commercial activity has increased, partially offset by decreases in tax escalation income and other property operating expense reimbursements at certain of our comparable properties.
Property operating expenses. The decrease in property operating expenses is primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties currently owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest and our disposition of five properties since January 1, 2021, partially offset by an increase in property operating expenses at our comparable properties, which increased primarily due to increases in utility expenses, landscaping expenses and other direct costs at certain of our comparable properties.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in rental income and property operating expenses described above.
SHOP:

|  | Comparable Properties (1) |  | All Properties
|  | As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30, |  | As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total properties |  | 120 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 234 |  |  | 235 |
Number of units |  | 17,886 |  |  | 17,886 |  |  | 25,075 |  |  | 25,423 |
Occupancy |  | 74.1 | % |  | 72.8 | % |  | 73.3 | % |  | 70.2 | %
Average monthly rate (2) |  | $ | 4,096 |  |  | $ | 4,035 |  |  | $ | 4,476 |  |  | $ | 4,467 |

(1)Consists of senior living communities that we have owned and which have been operated by the same operator continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes communities classified as held for sale or closed, if any.
(2)Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total residents fees and services divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Residents fees and services |  | $ | 327,721 |  |  | $ | 353,972 |  |  | $ | (26,251) |  |  | (7.4) | % |  | $ | 168,233 |  |  | $ | 149,941 |  |  | $ | 495,954 |  |  | $ | 503,913 |  |  | $ | (7,959) |  |  | (1.6) | %
Property operating expenses |  | (305,358) |  |  | (331,150) |  |  | (25,792) |  |  | (7.8) | % |  | (183,977) |  |  | (158,259) |  |  | (489,335) |  |  | (489,409) |  |  | (74) |  |  | 0.0 | %
NOI |  | $ | 22,363 |  |  | $ | 22,822 |  |  | $ | (459) |  |  | (2.0) | % |  | $ | (15,744) |  |  | $ | (8,318) |  |  | $ | 6,619 |  |  | $ | 14,504 |  |  | $ | (7,885) |  |  | (54.4) | %

(1)Consists of senior living communities that we have owned and which have been operated by the same operator continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes communities classified as held for sale or closed, if any.
30

Residents fees and services. Residents fees and services decreased primarily due to the closure of skilled nursing units at certain of our comparable properties during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and our closure of one property since January 1, 2021. Decreases to residents fees and services were partially offset by increases in occupancy and average monthly rate at both comparable and non-comparable properties.
Property operating expenses. Property operating expenses decreased primarily due to the closure of skilled nursing units at certain of our comparable properties during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Additionally, property operating expenses decreased due to our closure of one property since January 1, 2021. Decreases to property operating expenses were partially offset by increased labor costs on a per resident basis. Additionally, property operating expenses increased due to increases to our insurance premiums for certain of our properties.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in residents fees and services and property operating expenses described above.
Non-Segment(1):

|  | Comparable Properties (2) |  | All Properties
|  | As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30, |  | As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total properties: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Triple net leased senior living communities |  | 29 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 29 |
Wellness centers |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |
Rent coverage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Triple net leased senior living communities (3) |  | 1.18 | x |  | 1.38 | x |  | 1.18 | x |  | 1.38 | x
Wellness centers (3) |  | 1.34 | x |  | 0.94 | x |  | 1.34 | x |  | 0.94 | x

(1)Non-segment operations consists of all of our other operations, including certain senior living communities leased to third party operators and wellness centers, which segment we do not consider to be sufficiently material to constitute a separate reporting segment, and any other income or expenses that are not attributable to a specific reporting segment.
(2)Comparable properties consists of properties that we have owned and which have been leased to the same operator continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale, if any.
(3)All tenant operating data presented is based upon the operating results provided by our tenants for the 12 months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 or the most recent prior period for which tenant operating results are available to us. Rent coverage is calculated using the operating cash flows from our triple net lease tenants' operations of our properties, before subordinated charges, if any, divided by triple net lease minimum rents payable to us. We have not independently verified tenant operating data. Excludes data for historical periods prior to our ownership of certain properties, as well as data for properties sold or classified as held for sale, if any, or for which there was a transfer of operations during the periods presented.

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | Comparable (1) |  | Non-Comparable |  |
|  | Properties Results |  | Properties Results |  | Consolidated Properties Results
|  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ |  | %
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change
Rental income |  | $ | 20,200 |  |  | $ | 19,025 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | 6.2 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,200 |  |  | $ | 19,025 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | 6.2 | %
NOI |  | $ | 20,200 |  |  | $ | 19,025 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | 6.2 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,200 |  |  | $ | 19,025 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | 6.2 | %

(1)Consists of properties that we have owned and which have been leased to the same operator continuously since January 1, 2021; excludes properties classified as held for sale, if any.
Rental income. Rental income increased primarily due to an increase in rental income at our comparable properties as a result of our purchase of improvements and increased rents resulting from our purchase of improvements at our comparable properties since January 1, 2021. Rental income increased at our comparable properties primarily due to higher cash rents received during the six months ended June 30, 2022 from a tenant that previously defaulted under leases for six of our wellness centers. We have elected to recognize rental income from this previously defaulted tenant as rent payments are received. In February 2022, the leases for these six wellness centers were amended and a portion of the rent due to us was deferred.
Net operating income. The change in NOI reflects the net changes in rental income described above.
31

Consolidated:
Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of 11 medical office and life science properties owned by two unconsolidated joint ventures in each of which we own an equity interest, our disposition of five properties and certain depreciable assets becoming fully depreciated since January 1, 2021. Decreases to depreciation and amortization expense were partially offset by the purchase of capital improvements at certain of our properties since January 1, 2021.
General and administrative expense. General and administrative expense decreased primarily due to a decrease in our base business management fees expense as a result of lower trading prices for our common shares and lower consolidated indebtedness during the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, acquisition and certain other transaction related costs primarily represent costs related to the transition of certain senior living communities to new third party managers.
Impairment of assets. For information about our asset impairment charges, see Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report.
Gain on sale of properties. Gain on sale of properties is the net result of our sale of certain of our properties and joint venture equity interests during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The gain on sale of properties during the six months ended June 30, 2022 reflects our sale of 10 medical office and life science properties to our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture in which we retained a 20% equity interest and our sale of a 10% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture. For further information regarding gain on sale of properties, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report.
Losses on equity securities, net. Losses on equity securities, net, represent the net unrealized losses to adjust our investment in AlerisLife to its fair value. For further information regarding our investment in AlerisLife, see Note 5 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Interest and other income. The decrease in interest and other income is primarily due to $959 of funds we received from the U.S. government pursuant to the CARES Act during the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $18,181 received during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased primarily due to the deconsolidation of the debt secured by one life science property owned by our Boston life science property joint venture. Additionally, interest expense decreased due to our prepayment in February 2021 of our $200,000 term loan, our redemption in June 2021 of all $300,000 of our 6.75% senior notes due 2021 and our redemption in June 2022 of $500,000 of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in average borrowings under our revolving credit facility and our issuance in February 2021 of $500,000 aggregate principal amount of our 4.375% senior notes due 2031 and an increase in interest rates under our revolving credit facility during the 2022 period.
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we recorded a loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt in connection with the amendment to our credit agreement and our redemption of $500,000 of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025, partially offset by a gain on early extinguishment of debt in connection with our prepayment of a mortgage note. We also recorded a loss in connection with the amendments to our credit agreement and the agreement governing our previously existing $200,000 term loan, our prepayment of our $200,000 term loan and our redemption of all $300,000 of our 6.75% senior notes due 2021 during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Income tax expense. Income tax expense is the result of operating income we earned in certain jurisdictions where we are subject to state income taxes.
Equity in earnings of investees. Equity in earnings of investees is the change in the fair value of our investments in our joint ventures.
32

Non-GAAP Financial Measures (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
We present certain "non-GAAP financial measures" within the meaning of applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, including funds from operations attributable to common shareholders, or FFO attributable to common shareholders, normalized funds from operations attributable to common shareholders, or Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders, and NOI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. These measures do not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered alternatives to net income (loss) or net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders as indicators of our operating performance or as measures of our liquidity. These measures should be considered in conjunction with net income (loss) and net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). We consider these non-GAAP measures to be appropriate supplemental measures of operating performance for a REIT, along with net income (loss) and net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders. We believe these measures provide useful information to investors because by excluding the effects of certain historical amounts, such as depreciation and amortization, they may facilitate a comparison of our operating performance between periods and with other REITs and, in the case of NOI, reflecting only those income and expense items that are generated and incurred at the property level may help both investors and management to understand the operations of our properties.
Funds From Operations and Normalized Funds From Operations Attributable to Common Shareholders
We calculate FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders as shown below. FFO attributable to common shareholders is calculated on the basis defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, which is net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, calculated in accordance with GAAP, excluding any gain or loss on sale of properties, equity in earnings or losses of unconsolidated joint ventures, loss on impairment of real estate assets, gains or losses on equity securities, net, if any, including adjustments to reflect our proportionate share of FFO of our equity method investment in AlerisLife and our proportionate share of FFO from our unconsolidated joint ventures, plus real estate depreciation and amortization of consolidated properties and minus FFO adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interest, as well as certain other adjustments currently not applicable to us. In calculating Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders, we adjust for the items shown below including similar adjustments for our unconsolidated joint ventures, if any. FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders are among the factors considered by our Board of Trustees when determining the amount of distributions to our shareholders. Other factors include, but are not limited to, requirements to maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, limitations in the agreements governing our debt, the availability to us of debt and equity capital, our expectation of our future capital requirements and operating performance, and our expected needs for and availability of cash to pay our obligations. O ther real estate companies and REITs may calculate FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders differently than we do.
Our calculations of FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and reconciliations of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, the most directly comparable financial measure under GAAP reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements, to FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders appear in the following table. This table also provides a comparison of distributions to shareholders, FFO attributable to common shareholders and Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders and net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share for these periods.
33

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (109,383) |  |  | $ | (34,222) |  |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (101,727) |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 58,261 |  |  | 67,888 |  |  | 115,520 |  |  | 134,041 |
Loss (gain) on sale of properties |  | 686 |  |  | (30,760) |  |  | (327,108) |  |  | (30,638) |
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (174) |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | 10,157 |  |  | 3,849 |  |  | 18,710 |  |  | 12,188 |
FFO adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (5,275) |  |  | — |  |  | (10,548) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures |  | (3,204) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,558) |  |  | — |
Share of FFO from unconsolidated joint ventures |  | 3,704 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,379 |  |  | — |
Adjustments to reflect our share of FFO attributable to an equity method investment |  | (1,466) |  |  | (3,005) |  |  | (3,398) |  |  | (969) |
FFO attributable to common shareholders |  | (41,245) |  |  | (1,525) |  |  | (64,415) |  |  | 2,173 |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | 609 |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | 1,537 |  |  | 12,071 |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | 29,560 |  |  | 370 |  |  | 30,043 |  |  | 2,410 |
Adjustments to reflect our share of Normalized FFO attributable to an equity method investment |  | 681 |  |  | 1,299 |  |  | 539 |  |  | 1,384 |
Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (10,395) |  |  | $ | 12,215 |  |  | $ | (32,296) |  |  | $ | 18,038 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic and diluted) |  | 238,197 |  |  | 237,871 |  |  | 238,173 |  |  | 237,853 |
Per common share data (basic and diluted): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (0.46) |  |  | $ | (0.14) |  |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | (0.43) |
FFO attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (0.17) |  |  | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.27) |  |  | $ | 0.01 |
Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | (0.14) |  |  | $ | 0.08 |
Distributions declared |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |

Property Net Operating Income (NOI)
We calculate NOI as shown below. The calculation of NOI excludes certain components of net income (loss) in order to provide results that are more closely related to our property level results of operations. We define NOI as income from our real estate less our property operating expenses. NOI excludes amortization of capitalized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions that we record as depreciation and amortization. We use NOI to evaluate individual and company-wide property level performance. Other real estate companies and REITs may calculate NOI differently than we do.
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The calculation of NOI by reportable segment is included above in this Item 2. The following table includes the reconciliation of net income (loss) to NOI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to NOI: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (109,383) |  |  | $ | (32,645) |  |  | $ | 131,040 |  |  | $ | (98,828) |
Equity in earnings of investees |  | (3,204) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,558) |  |  | — |
Income tax (benefit) expense |  | (640) |  |  | 191 |  |  | 832 |  |  | 429 |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income tax benefit (expense) and equity in earnings of investees |  | (113,227) |  |  | (32,454) |  |  | 125,314 |  |  | (98,399) |
Loss on modification or early extinguishment of debt |  | 29,560 |  |  | 370 |  |  | 30,043 |  |  | 2,410 |
Interest expense |  | 55,975 |  |  | 67,657 |  |  | 113,106 |  |  | 127,748 |
Interest and other income |  | (2,266) |  |  | (16,038) |  |  | (2,661) |  |  | (18,873) |
Losses on equity securities, net |  | 10,157 |  |  | 3,849 |  |  | 18,710 |  |  | 12,188 |
Loss (gain) on sale of properties |  | 686 |  |  | (30,760) |  |  | (327,108) |  |  | (30,638) |
Impairment of assets |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (174) |
Acquisition and certain other transaction related costs |  | 609 |  |  | 12,071 |  |  | 1,537 |  |  | 12,071 |
General and administrative |  | 7,207 |  |  | 9,126 |  |  | 14,492 |  |  | 16,668 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 58,261 |  |  | 67,888 |  |  | 115,520 |  |  | 134,041 |
Total NOI |  | $ | 46,962 |  |  | $ | 81,709 |  |  | $ | 88,953 |  |  | $ | 157,042 |
Office Portfolio NOI |  | $ | 30,584 |  |  | $ | 61,483 |  |  | $ | 62,134 |  |  | $ | 123,513 |
SHOP NOI |  | 6,466 |  |  | 10,636 |  |  | 6,619 |  |  | 14,504 |
Non-Segment NOI |  | 9,912 |  |  | 9,590 |  |  | 20,200 |  |  | 19,025 |
Total NOI |  | $ | 46,962 |  |  | $ | 81,709 |  |  | $ | 88,953 |  |  | $ | 157,042 |

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal sources of cash to meet operating and capital expenses, pay debt service obligations and make distributions to our shareholders are the operating cash flows we generate as rental income from our leased properties, residents fees and services revenues from our managed communities, borrowings under our revolving credit facility and proceeds from the disposition of certain properties. We believe that these sources will be sufficient to meet our operating and capital expenses, pay debt service obligations and make distributions to our shareholders for the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future thereafter. Our future cash flows from operating activities will depend primarily upon:
•our ability to receive rents from our tenants, including in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our tenants' businesses;
•our ability to maintain or increase the occupancy of, and the rental rates at, our properties, particularly at our senior living communities;
•our and our managers' abilities to control operating expenses and capital expenses at our properties, including increased operating expenses that we may incur in response to inflation, supply chain challenges or in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; and
•our managers' abilities to maintain or increase our returns from our managed senior living communities.
In March 2021, we borrowed $800.0 million under our revolving credit facility as a precautionary measure to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of continued uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In February 2022, we repaid $100.0 million of this borrowing and reduced the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit
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facility to $700.0 million pursuant to the February 2022 amendment to our credit agreement. In addition, in February 2022, we exercised our option to extend the maturity date of our revolving credit facility by one year to January 2024. Pursuant to our credit agreement, the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility will be reduced to $586.4 million in January 2023 and as such, further repayment of our revolving credit facility will be required by that time. Although we have taken steps to enhance our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity, a protracted negative impact on the economy or the industries in which our properties and businesses operate resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation, increasing interest rates, a possible recession or other economic, market or industry conditions may cause further increased pressure on our ability to satisfy financial and other covenants. We may fail to satisfy covenants and conditions under our credit agreement or fail to satisfy our public debt covenants. As of June 30, 2022, our ratio of consolidated income available for debt service to debt service was below the 1.5x incurrence requirement under our revolving credit facility and our public debt covenants as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continued to adversely impact our operations. We are unable to incur additional debt until this ratio is at or above 1.5x on a pro forma basis. For additional responses and measures taken relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, see Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources" in our Annual Report.
In January 2022, we entered into a joint venture with two unrelated third party institutional investors for 10 medical office and life science properties we owned for aggregate proceeds, before closing costs and other adjustments, of $653.3 million. The equity interests that the investors acquired from us equaled 41% and 39%, respectively, of the total equity interests in the joint venture and we retained a 20% equity interest in the joint venture. Following the sale, we account for this joint venture using the equity method of accounting under the fair value option. The investment amounts are based upon a property valuation of approximately $702.5 million, less approximately $456.6 million of secured debt on the properties incurred by this joint venture.
In June 2022, we sold an additional 10% equity interest in our Boston life science property joint venture to an existing joint venture investor. The net proceeds of $109.0 million, which include working capital prorations and formation costs, are included as a receivable in other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022. We received the proceeds from this sale in July 2022. After giving effect to this sale, we continue to own a 10% equity interest in this joint venture. Our investment amount was based on a property valuation of $1.7 billion, less $620.0 million of existing mortgage debts on the property that this joint venture assumed.
The measures we have taken to enhance our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity may not sufficiently offset the decrease in cash flows from operations as a result of the properties we have sold, operating losses we may experience and capital investments we make, in which case our liquidity would be negatively impacted.
The following is a summary of our sources and uses of cash flows for the periods presented, as reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | $ | 1,016,945 |  |  | $ | 90,849 |
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |  |
Operating activities |  | (31,856) |  |  | 27,046 |
Investing activities |  | 527,714 |  |  | 19,589 |
Financing activities |  | (644,401) |  |  | 770,605 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 868,402 |  |  | $ | 908,089 |

Our Operating Liquidity and Resources
We generally receive minimum rents from our tenants monthly or quarterly, we receive residents fees and services revenues, net of expenses, from our managed senior living communities monthly and we receive percentage rents from certain of our senior living community tenants monthly, quarterly or annually.
The change in cash (used in) provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior period was primarily due to the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and wage inflation in the senior living communities in our SHOP segment, along with reduced NOI as a result of the deconsolidation of joint venture properties during 2021 and 2022 and dispositions of properties during 2021. These decreases were partially offset by the cash distributions we received from our unconsolidated joint venture interests. As noted elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the transition of the management of the 107 senior living communities from Five Star to other third party managers was completed
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as of December 31, 2021 and we have closed the remaining senior living community that we and Five Star agreed to transition and are assessing opportunities to redevelop that property.
Specifically as it relates to our SHOP segment, we face and may continue to face issues with labor availability and wage inflation along with cost pressures from supply chain disruptions and commodity price inflation.
Our Investing Liquidity and Resources
The increase in cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior period was primarily due to proceeds from our sale of 10 medical office and life science properties to our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture in which we retained a 20% equity interest, partially offset by less proceeds from the sale of real estate properties and an increase in real estate improvements in the 2022 period compared to the 2021 period.
The following is a summary of capital expenditures, development, redevelopment and other activities for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Office Portfolio segment capital expenditures: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lease related costs (1) |  | $ | 4,633 |  |  | $ | 10,044 |  |  | $ | 11,392 |  |  | $ | 18,402 |
Building improvements (2) |  | 3,319 |  |  | 4,437 |  |  | 3,904 |  |  | 6,613 |
SHOP segment fixed assets and capital improvements |  | 25,059 |  |  | 19,283 |  |  | 45,387 |  |  | 41,813 |
Recurring capital expenditures |  | $ | 33,011 |  |  | $ | 33,764 |  |  | $ | 60,683 |  |  | $ | 66,828 |
Development, redevelopment and other activities - Office Portfolio segment (3) |  | $ | 17,593 |  |  | $ | 9,689 |  |  | $ | 34,210 |  |  | $ | 22,407 |
Development, redevelopment and other activities - SHOP segment (3) |  | 14,282 |  |  | 5,345 |  |  | 30,396 |  |  | 11,437 |
Total development, redevelopment and other activities |  | $ | 31,875 |  |  | $ | 15,034 |  |  | $ | 64,606 |  |  | $ | 33,844 |

(1)Office Portfolio segment lease related costs generally include capital expenditures to improve tenants' space or amounts paid directly to tenants to improve their space and other leasing related costs, such as brokerage commissions and tenant inducements.
(2)Office Portfolio segment building improvements generally include expenditures to replace obsolete building components that extend the useful life of existing assets or other improvements to increase the marketability of the property.
(3)Development, redevelopment and other activities generally include capital expenditures that reposition a property or result in new sources of revenue.
We plan to continue investing capital in our properties, including redevelopment projects, to better position these properties in their respective markets in order to increase our returns in future years. In 2022, we expect to incur capital expenditures in excess of 2021 levels, up to the $400.0 million limit allowed pursuant to our credit agreement. We also expect to purchase additional properties that we believe will enhance our portfolio and provide future returns.
As of June 30, 2022, we had estimated unspent leasing related obligations at our triple net leased senior living communities and our medical office and life science properties of approximately $53.6 million, of which we expect to spend approximately $36.8 million during the next 12 months. We expect to fund these obligations using operating cash flows we generate as rental income from our leased properties, residents fees and services revenues from our managed communities, cash on hand, proceeds related to contributions we may make of properties we own to joint ventures and proceeds from the disposition of certain properties.
We are currently in the process of redeveloping five properties in our Office Portfolio. Our redevelopments in Lexington, MA, Decatur, GA and Tempe, AZ are currently expected to be completed in the second half of 2022. Our redevelopments at our properties in Irving, TX and Washington, D.C. are expected to be completed in 2023 and 2025, respectively. We have entered into a new ten year lease for the entire building at the Lexington, MA property at a rental rate that is 46% higher than the prior rental rate for the same space. Additionally, in January 2022, we entered into a new 11 year lease for the entire building at the Tempe, AZ property at a rental rate that is 20% higher than the prior rental rate for the same space. We are also currently reviewing strategic alternatives at a property in our Office Portfolio located in Silver Springs, MD, including
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opportunities to redevelop this property. We continue to assess opportunities to redevelop other properties in our portfolio. These redevelopment projects may require significant capital expenditures and time to complete.
In July 2022, we acquired one life science property located in California with approximately 89,000 square feet for a purchase price of approximately $82.0 million, excluding closing costs.
As noted above, our ability to make capital investments is currently limited pursuant to our credit agreement. Additionally, due to supply chain disruptions and inflation, the capital investments we plan to make may be delayed or cost more than we expect. For further information regarding our acquisitions and dispositions, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Our Financing Liquidity and Resources
The change in cash (used in) provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior period was primarily due to repayments of borrowings under our revolving credit facility in the 2022 period compared to our full drawdown of our revolving credit facility in the 2021 period, net proceeds from our issuance in February 2021 of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.375% senior notes in the 2021 period, increased senior unsecured notes redemption amounts in the 2022 period compared to the 2021 period and a prepayment premium paid in the 2022 period for the redemption of $500.0 million of our outstanding 9.75% senior notes due 2025, partially offset by our repayment in February 2021 of our $200.0 million term loan. Additionally, our Boston life science property joint venture did not pay distributions during the 2022 period related to our noncontrolling interest that we deconsolidated in 2021.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $705.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and were fully drawn under our revolving credit facility. We typically use cash balances, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, net proceeds from offerings of debt or equity securities, net proceeds from the disposition of assets and the cash flows from our operations to fund our operations, debt repayments, distributions, property acquisitions, investments, capital expenditures and other general business purposes.
In order to fund investments and to meet cash needs that may result from timing differences between our receipt of rents and our desire or need to make distributions or pay operating or capital expenses, we maintain a revolving credit facility. The maturity date of our revolving credit facility is January 15, 2024. Our revolving credit facility generally provides that we can borrow, repay and re-borrow funds available under our revolving credit facility until maturity, and no principal repayment is due until maturity. At June 30, 2022, our revolving credit facility required interest to be paid on borrowings at the annual rate of 4.2%, plus a facility fee of 30 basis points per annum on the total amount of lending commitments under the facility. The interest rate premium and facility fee are each subject to adjustment based upon changes to our credit ratings. On March 31, 2021, we borrowed $800.0 million under our revolving credit facility as a precautionary measure to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of continued uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In February 2022, we repaid $100.0 million of this borrowing and reduced the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility to $700.0 million pursuant to the February 2022 amendment to our credit agreement. Pursuant to our credit agreement, the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility will be reduced to $586.4 million in January 2023 and as such, further repayment of our revolving credit facility will be required by that time. Also in February 2022, we exercised our option to extend the maturity date of our revolving credit facility by one year to January 2024. As of June 30, 2022 and July 29, 2022, we were fully drawn under our revolving credit facility.
In February 2022, we and our lenders amended our credit agreement. Pursuant to the amendment:
•the waiver of the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant included in our credit agreement has been extended through December 31, 2022;
•the revolving credit facility commitments have been reduced from $800.0 million to $700.0 million;
•we have the ability to fund $400.0 million of capital expenditures per year and we are restricted in our ability to acquire real property as defined in our credit agreement;
•the interest rate premium under our revolving credit facility increased by 15 basis points; and
•certain covenants and restrictions on distributions to common shareholders, share repurchases, capital expenditures, acquiring additional properties and incurring additional indebtedness (in each case subject to various exceptions), and the minimum liquidity requirement of $200.0 million will remain in place during the Amendment Period.
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Generally, when significant amounts are outstanding under our revolving credit facility, or as the maturities of our indebtedness approach, we intend to explore refinancing alternatives. Such alternatives may include incurring additional debt, selling certain properties and issuing new equity securities. In addition, we may also seek to expand our existing joint venture arrangements or to participate in additional joint ventures or other arrangements that may provide us additional sources of financing. We currently have an effective shelf registration statement that allows us to issue public securities on an expedited basis, but it does not assure that there will be buyers for such securities. We may also assume debt in connection with our acquisitions of properties or place new debt on properties we own.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we paid quarterly cash distributions to our shareholders totaling approximately $4.8 million using existing cash balances. On July 14, 2022, we declared a quarterly distribution payable to common shareholders of record on July 25, 2022 in the amount of $0.01 per share, or approximately $2.4 million. We expect to pay this distribution on or about August 18, 2022 using cash on hand. For further information regarding the distribution we paid during 2022, see Note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
We believe we will have access to various types of financings, including debt or equity offerings, to fund our future acquisitions and to pay our debts and other obligations as they become due, subject to limitations on debt offerings in agreements governing our debt. Our ability to complete, and the costs associated with, future debt or equity transactions depends primarily upon credit market conditions and our then creditworthiness. We have no control over market conditions. Our credit and debt ratings, which were most recently downgraded in February 2022, depend upon evaluations by credit rating agencies of our business practices and plans, including our ability to maintain our earnings, to stagger our debt maturities and to balance our use of debt and equity capital so that our financial performance and leverage ratios afford us flexibility to withstand any reasonably anticipated adverse changes. Similarly, our ability to raise equity capital in the future will depend primarily upon equity capital market conditions and our ability to conduct our business to maintain and grow our operating cash flows. We intend to conduct our business activities in a manner which will afford us reasonable access to capital for investment and financing activities, but we cannot be sure that we will be able to successfully carry out that intention. It is uncertain what the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact will be. A protracted negative impact on the economy or the industries in which our properties and businesses operate resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation or other economic, market or industry conditions, including a possible recession, may have various negative consequences including a decline in financing availability and increased costs for financing. Further, those conditions could also disrupt capital markets and limit our access to financing from public sources, particularly if the global financial markets experience significant disruptions.
In April 2022, we prepaid a mortgage note secured by one of our medical office properties with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $10.9 million, a maturity date in July 2022 and an annual interest rate of 6.28%, using cash on hand.
In June 2022, we redeemed $500.0 million of our outstanding 9.75% senior notes due 2025 for a redemption price equal to 104.875% of the $500.0 million principal amount of the notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest of $1.1 million, using restricted cash on hand.
In July 2022, we prepaid a mortgage note secured by two of our senior living communities with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $15.3 million, a maturity date in October 2022 and an annual interest rate of 5.75%, using cash on hand.
Our next significant debt maturity does not occur until our revolving credit facility becomes due in January 2024.
In February 2022, Moody's Investors Service downgraded our senior unsecured debt rating from B1 to B3, our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 rating from Ba3 to B2 and our 4.375% senior notes due 2031 rating from Ba3 to B2.
For further information regarding our outstanding debt, see Note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Except for the limitations in the amendments to our credit agreement described above, our strategy related to property acquisitions and dispositions is materially unchanged from that disclosed in our Annual Report. Our plans for particular properties and other strategic considerations may cause us to change our acquisition and disposition strategies, and we may do so at any time and without shareholder approval. Further, those plans may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation or other economic, market or industry conditions.
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Debt Covenants
Our principal debt obligations at June 30, 2022 were: (1) outstanding borrowings under our $700.0 million revolving credit facility; (2) $2.4 billion outstanding principal amount of senior unsecured notes; and (3) $50.7 million aggregate principal amount of mortgage notes (excluding premiums, discounts and net debt issuance costs) secured by five properties. For further information regarding our indebtedness, see Note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Our senior unsecured notes are governed by our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements. Our credit agreement and our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements provide for acceleration of payment of all amounts outstanding upon the occurrence and continuation of certain events of default, such as, in the case of our credit agreement, a change of control of us, as defined, which includes RMR ceasing to act as our business and property manager. Our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements and our credit agreement also contain covenants that restrict our ability to incur debts, including debts secured by mortgages on our properties, in excess of calculated amounts and require us to maintain various financial ratios, and our credit agreement contains covenants that restrict our ability to make distributions to our shareholders in certain circumstances. As of June 30, 2022, our ratio of consolidated income available for debt service to debt service was below the 1.5x incurrence requirement under our revolving credit facility and our public debt covenants as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation and other economic, market or industry conditions continued to adversely impact our operations. We are unable to incur additional debt until this ratio is at or above 1.5x on a pro forma basis, and as such, prior to falling below the 1.5x incurrence requirement, we borrowed $800.0 million under our revolving credit facility as a precautionary measure to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility. The proceeds from this borrowing may be used for general business purposes. In February 2022, we repaid $100.0 million of this borrowing and reduced the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility to $700.0 million pursuant to the February 2022 amendment to our credit agreement. As of June 30, 2022, we believe we were in compliance with all of the other covenants under our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements, our credit agreement and our other debt obligations, subject to the waivers noted above. Although we have taken steps to enhance our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity, as noted elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, a protracted negative impact on the economy or the industries in which our properties and businesses operate resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation and other economic, market or industry conditions, including a possible recession, may cause increased pressure on our ability to satisfy financial and other covenants. Continued availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility is subject to our satisfying certain financial covenants and other credit facility conditions. If our operating results and financial condition are significantly negatively impacted by the economic conditions or otherwise, we may fail to satisfy covenants and conditions under our credit agreement or fail to satisfy our public debt covenants. Further, if we believe we will not be able to satisfy our financial or other covenants, we will seek waivers, amendments, or in the case of our public debt covenants, borrow any undrawn amounts which may become available under our revolving credit facility prior to any covenant violation, consistent with our approach in March 2021, which may lead to increased costs and interest rates, additional restrictive covenants or other lender protections. We cannot assure that we would be able to obtain these waivers or amendments or repay the related debt facilities when due, or that there will be any amounts available to borrow under our revolving credit facility, which may result in an event of default under the agreements governing our debt or the potential acceleration of our outstanding debt.
Neither our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements, nor our credit agreement, contain provisions for acceleration which could be triggered by our debt ratings. However, under our credit agreement, our senior unsecured debt ratings are used to determine the fees and interest rates we pay. Accordingly, following our debt ratings downgrades, our interest expense and related costs under our credit agreement has increased. See "—Our Financing Liquidity and Resources" above for information regarding recent downgrades of our issuer credit rating and senior unsecured debt rating that resulted in a change in the interest rate premiums under our revolving credit facility.
Our senior unsecured notes indentures and their supplements contain cross default provisions to any other debts of more than $20.0 million ($50.0 million or more in the case of our senior unsecured notes indentures and supplements entered in February 2016, February 2018, June 2020 and February 2021). Similarly, our credit agreement has cross default provisions to other indebtedness that is recourse of $25.0 million or more and indebtedness that is non-recourse of $75.0 million or more.
The loan agreements governing the aggregate $620.0 million secured debt financing related to our Boston life science property joint venture contain customary covenants and provide for acceleration of payment of all amounts due thereunder upon the occurrence and continuation of certain events of default. We no longer include this $620.0 million of secured debt financing in our condensed consolidated balance sheet following the deconsolidation of the net assets of this joint venture; however, we continue to provide certain guaranties on this debt. The debt secured by the properties included in our 10 medical office and life science properties joint venture in which we own a 20% equity interest is guaranteed by this joint venture.
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Supplemental Guarantor Information
On May 28, 2020, we issued $1.0 billion of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025. We subsequently redeemed $500.0 million of this debt in June 2022, with $500.0 million outstanding. On February 3, 2021, we issued $500.0 million of our 4.375% senior notes due 2031. As of June 30, 2022, all $500.0 million of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and all $500.0 million of our 4.375% senior notes due 2031 were fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis and on a senior unsecured basis, by all of our subsidiaries, except for certain excluded subsidiaries, including pledged subsidiaries under our credit agreement. The notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to all of our and the subsidiary guarantors' secured indebtedness, respectively, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such secured indebtedness, and are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities and any preferred equity of any of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes. Our remaining $1.35 billion of senior unsecured notes do not have the benefit of any guarantees as of June 30, 2022.
A subsidiary guarantor's guarantee of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and our 4.375% senior notes due 2031, as applicable, and all other obligations of such subsidiary guarantor under the indenture governing the notes will automatically terminate and such subsidiary guarantor will automatically be released from all of its obligations under such subsidiary guarantee and the indenture under certain circumstances, including on or after the date (a) the notes have an investment grade rating from two rating agencies and one of such investment grade ratings is a mid-BBB investment grade rating and (b) no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing under the indenture. Our non-guarantor subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any amounts due on our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 or our 4.375% senior notes due 2031 or the respective guarantees, or to make any funds available therefor, whether by dividend, distribution, loan or other payments. The rights of holders of our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and our 4.375% senior notes due 2031, as applicable, to benefit from any of the assets of our non-guarantor subsidiaries are subject to the prior satisfaction of claims of those subsidiaries' creditors and any preferred equity holders. As a result, our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and our 4.375% senior notes due 2031 and the respective guarantees are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness, guarantees and other liabilities of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee our 9.75% senior notes due 2025 and our 4.375% senior notes due 2031, including guarantees of other indebtedness of ours, payment obligations under lease agreements, trade payables and preferred equity.
The following tables present summarized financial information for guarantor entities and issuer, on a combined basis after eliminating (i) intercompany transactions and balances among the guarantor entities and (ii) equity in earnings from, and any investments in, any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor (dollars in thousands):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Real estate properties, net |  | $ | 3,870,445 |  |  | $ | 3,846,072 |
Other assets, net |  | 1,323,757 |  |  | 1,426,726 |
Total assets |  | $ | 5,194,202 |  |  | $ | 5,272,798 |
Indebtedness, net |  | $ | 3,021,285 |  |  | $ | 3,624,615 |
Other liabilities |  | 264,616 |  |  | 260,377 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 3,285,901 |  |  | $ | 3,884,992 |

|  |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 550,551 |  |  |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  | 616,208 |  |  |
Loss from continuing operations |  |  |  |  |  | (220,870) |  |  |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  | (215,144) |  |  |

Related Person Transactions
We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with RMR, RMR Inc., AlerisLife (including Five Star) and others related to them. For further information about these and other such relationships and related person transactions, see Notes 9, 10 and 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on
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Form 10-Q, our Annual Report, our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and our other filings with the SEC. In addition, see the section captioned “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report for a description of risks that may arise as a result of these and other related person transactions and relationships. We may engage in additional transactions with related persons, including businesses to which RMR or its subsidiaries provide management services.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in our condensed consolidated financial statements include purchase price allocations, useful lives of fixed assets and impairments of real estate and intangible assets.
A discussion of our critical accounting estimates is included in our Annual Report. There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates since the year ended December 31, 2021.
Impact of Government Reimbursement
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, substantially all of our NOI was generated from properties where a majority of the revenues are derived from our tenants' and residents' private resources, and a small amount of our NOI was generated from properties where a majority of the revenues are derived from Medicare and Medicaid payments. Nonetheless, we own, and our tenants, managers and operators operate, facilities in many states that participate in federal and state healthcare payment programs, including the federal Medicare and state Medicaid programs and other federal and state healthcare payment programs. Also, some of our medical office and life science property tenants participate in federal Medicare and state Medicaid programs and other government healthcare payment programs.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized $1.0 million and $18.2 million, respectively, in interest and other income in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) related to funds received under the CARES Act.
For more information regarding the government healthcare funding and regulation of our business, please see the section captioned “Business—Government Regulation and Reimbursement” in our Annual Report and the section captioned “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Impact of Government Reimbursement” in our Annual Report.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to risks associated with market changes in interest rates. We manage our exposure to this market risk by monitoring available financing alternatives. Our strategy to manage exposure to changes in interest rates has not materially changed since December 31, 2021. Other than as described below, we do not currently foresee any significant changes in our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates or in how we manage this exposure in the near future.
Although we have no present plans to do so, we may in the future enter into hedge arrangements or derivative contracts from time to time to mitigate our exposure to changes in interest rates.
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Fixed Rate Debt
At June 30, 2022, our outstanding fixed rate debt included the following (dollars in thousands):

|  |  |  | Annual |  | Annual |  |  |  |
|  | Principal |  | Interest |  | Interest |  |  |  | Interest
Debt |  | Balance (1) |  | Rate (1) |  | Expense |  | Maturity |  | Payments Due
Senior unsecured notes |  | $ | 250,000 |  |  | 4.750 | % |  | $ | 11,875 |  |  | 2024 |  | Semi-Annually
Senior unsecured notes |  | 500,000 |  |  | 9.750 | % |  | 48,750 |  |  | 2025 |  | Semi-Annually
Senior unsecured notes |  | 500,000 |  |  | 4.750 | % |  | 23,750 |  |  | 2028 |  | Semi-Annually
Senior unsecured notes |  | 500,000 |  |  | 4.375 | % |  | 21,875 |  |  | 2031 |  | Semi-Annually
Senior unsecured notes |  | 350,000 |  |  | 5.625 | % |  | 19,688 |  |  | 2042 |  | Quarterly
Senior unsecured notes |  | 250,000 |  |  | 6.250 | % |  | 15,625 |  |  | 2046 |  | Quarterly
Mortgage note |  | 10,352 |  |  | 4.850 | % |  | 502 |  |  | 2022 |  | Monthly
Mortgage note (2) |  | 15,273 |  |  | 5.750 | % |  | 878 |  |  | 2022 |  | Monthly
Mortgage note |  | 14,970 |  |  | 6.640 | % |  | 994 |  |  | 2023 |  | Monthly
Mortgage note |  | 10,120 |  |  | 4.444 | % |  | 450 |  |  | 2043 |  | Monthly
|  | $ | 2,400,715 |  |  |  |  | $ | 144,387 |  |  |  |  |

(1)The principal balances and interest rates are the amounts stated in the applicable contracts. In accordance with GAAP, our carrying values and recorded interest expense may differ from these amounts because of market conditions at the time we assumed certain of these debts. This table does not include obligations under finance leases.
(2)We prepaid this mortgage in July 2022.
No principal repayments are due under our unsecured notes until maturity. Our mortgage notes generally require principal and interest payments through maturity pursuant to amortization schedules. Because these debts require interest to be paid at a fixed rate, changes in market interest rates during the term of these debts will not affect our interest obligations. If these debts were refinanced at interest rates which are one percentage point higher or lower than shown above, our annual interest cost would increase or decrease by approximately $24.0 million.
Changes in market interest rates also would affect the fair value of our fixed rate debt obligations; increases in market interest rates decrease the fair value of our fixed rate debt, while decreases in market interest rates increase the fair value of our fixed rate debt. The U.S. Federal Reserve recently raised interest rates in an effort to combat high inflation and may continue to do so. Based on the balances outstanding at June 30, 2022, and discounted cash flows analyses through the respective maturity dates, and assuming no other changes in factors that may affect the fair value of our fixed rate debt obligations, a hypothetical immediate one percentage point increase in interest rates would change the fair value of those obligations by approximately $1.1 million.
Our senior unsecured notes and certain of our mortgages contain provisions that allow us to make repayments earlier than the stated maturity date. In some cases, we are not allowed to make early repayment prior to a cutoff date and we are generally allowed to make prepayments only at a premium equal to a make whole amount, as defined, which is generally designed to preserve a stated yield to the noteholder. In the past, we have repurchased and retired some of our outstanding debt and we may do so again in the future. These prepayment rights and our ability to repurchase and retire outstanding debt may afford us opportunities to mitigate the risk of refinancing our debts at maturity at higher rates by refinancing prior to maturity.
Floating Rate Debt
At June 30, 2022, our floating rate debt obligations consisted of $700.0 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility. Our revolving credit facility matures in January 2024. Generally, no principal repayments are required under our revolving credit facility prior to maturity, and we can borrow, repay and re-borrow funds available, subject to conditions, at any time without penalty.
Borrowings under our revolving credit facility are in U.S. dollars and interest is required to be paid at the rate of LIBOR plus a premium that is subject to adjustment based upon changes to our credit ratings. Accordingly, we are exposed to interest rate risk for changes in U.S. dollar based short term rates, specifically LIBOR, and to changes in our credit ratings. In addition, upon renewal or refinancing of our revolving credit facility, we are vulnerable to increases in interest rate premiums due to
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market conditions or our perceived credit characteristics. Generally, a change in interest rates would not affect the value of our floating rate debt but would affect our operating results.
The following table presents the impact a one percentage point increase in interest rates would have on our annual floating rate interest expense as of June 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts):

|  | Impact of Changes in Interest Rates
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  | Total Interest |  | Annual Earnings
|  | Interest Rate (1) |  | Floating Rate Debt |  | Expense Per Year |  | Per Share Impact (2)
At June 30, 2022 |  | 4.17 | % |  | $ | 700,000 |  |  | $ | 29,190 |  |  | $ | 0.12 |
One percentage point increase |  | 5.17 | % |  | $ | 700,000 |  |  | $ | 36,190 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |

(1)Interest rate under our revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2022.
(2)Based on weighted average number of shares outstanding (diluted) for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
The foregoing table shows the impact of an immediate increase in floating interest rates. If interest rates were to increase gradually over time, the impact would be spread over time. Our exposure to fluctuations in floating interest rates will increase or decrease in the future with increases or decreases in the amount of our borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility or other floating rate debt.
LIBOR Phase Out
LIBOR has phased out for new contracts and it is currently expected to be phased out for pre-existing contracts by June 30, 2023. We are required to pay interest on borrowings under our revolving credit facility at floating rates based on LIBOR and interest we may pay on any future debt that we may incur may also require that we pay interest based upon LIBOR. In September 2021, we amended our credit agreement to set forth the mechanics for establishing a replacement benchmark rate under our revolving credit facility at such time as LIBOR is no longer available to calculate interest payable on amounts outstanding thereunder. Despite this amendment, we cannot be sure that any changes to the determination of interest under our agreement will approximate the current calculation in accordance with LIBOR. We cannot be sure what standard, if any, will replace LIBOR, and any alternative interest rate index that may replace LIBOR may result in our paying increased interest.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Warning Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws. Also, whenever we use words such as “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “plan”, “estimate”, “will”, “may” and negatives or derivatives of these or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon our present intent, beliefs or expectations, but forward-looking statements are not guaranteed to occur and may not occur. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate to various aspects of our business, including:
•The duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on us and our managers' and other operators' and tenants' businesses,
•The ability of our senior living community managers to minimize negative economic impacts, including the current inflationary conditions, supply chain challenges and possible recession, on our senior living communities and to manage them profitably and increase our returns,
•Our belief that we are well positioned to weather the present disruptions facing the real estate industry and, in particular, the real estate healthcare industry, including the senior living industry,
•Our belief that the healthcare sector and many of our tenants and managers and other operators provide essential services across the United States and the implication that our and our tenants' and managers' and other operators' businesses will remain open to provide such essential services,
•Whether the aging U.S. population and increasing life spans of seniors will increase the demand for senior living communities and other medical and healthcare related properties and healthcare services,
•Our ability to retain our existing tenants, attract new tenants and maintain or increase current rental rates on terms as favorable to us as our prior leases,
•The credit qualities of our tenants,
•Our ability to compete for tenancies and acquisitions effectively,
•Our expectation regarding our plans to pursue and complete redevelopment projects at our properties, the cost and timing to complete those projects and the benefits we may realize from those projects,
•Our capital expenditures and capital investing plans and our expectations of the benefits we will realize as a result,
•Our acquisitions and sales of properties,
•Our closures and repositioning of senior living communities,
•The impact of increasing labor costs and shortages and commodity and other price inflation due to supply chain challenges or other market conditions,
•Our ability to raise debt or equity capital,
•Our ability to complete dispositions,
•Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity and satisfy financial covenants under our debt agreements,
•The future availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility,
•Our policies and plans regarding investments, financings and dispositions,
•Our ability to pay distributions to our shareholders and to sustain the amount of such distributions,
•Whether we may contribute additional properties to our joint ventures and receive proceeds from the other investors in our joint ventures in connection with any such contributions or enter into new joint venture arrangements,
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•Our ability to pay interest on and principal of our debt,
•Our ability to appropriately balance our use of debt and equity capital,
•Our credit ratings,
•Our expectation that we benefit from our relationships with RMR,
•Our qualification for taxation as a REIT, and
•Other matters.
Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by our forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. Risks, uncertainties and other factors that could have a material adverse effect on our forward-looking statements and upon our business, results of operations, financial condition, FFO attributable to common shareholders, Normalized FFO attributable to common shareholders, NOI, cash flows, liquidity and prospects include, but are not limited to:
•The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on us and our managers and other operators and tenants,
•The impacts of economic conditions, including increasing interest rates, inflation and a possible recession, and the capital markets on us and our managers and other operators and tenants,
•Compliance with, and changes to, federal, state and local laws and regulations, accounting rules, tax laws and similar matters,
•Limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
•Competition within the healthcare and real estate industries, particularly in those markets in which our properties are located,
•Actual and potential conflicts of interest with our related parties, including our Managing Trustees, AlerisLife (including Five Star), RMR and others affiliated with them, and
•Acts of terrorism, outbreaks of pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, or other manmade or natural disasters beyond our control.
For example:
•Under the current economic conditions for the industries in which our properties and businesses operate, our managers and other operators and tenants may not be able to profitably operate their businesses at our properties, our tenants may become unable or unwilling to pay their rent obligations to us, or our senior living community managers may be unable to generate our minimum returns for sustained periods as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise. Additionally, if we default under our credit facility or other debt obligations, we may be required to repay our outstanding borrowings and other debt. Further, although we have taken steps to enhance our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity, unanticipated events may require us to expend amounts not currently planned,
•Our senior living community managers and other operators may experience operating and financial challenges resulting from a number of factors, some of which are beyond their control, and which challenges impact our operating results, including, but not limited to:
•Fluctuations in occupancy,
•Competition within the senior living and other health and wellness related service businesses,
•Older adults delaying or forgoing moving into senior living communities or purchasing health and wellness services,
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•Increased labor costs, decreased labor availability and staffing turnover at our senior living communities or increases in costs paid for goods and services, due in part to supply chain constraints and commodity price inflation,
•The availability and increases in cost of general and professional liability insurance coverage,
•Medicare or Medicaid policies and regulations, as well as federal, state, local, and industry-regulated licensure, certification and inspection laws, regulations and standards that could affect our senior living community managers' services or impose requirements, costs and administrative burdens that may reduce our managers' ability to profitably operate their businesses,
•Imposition of civil, criminal and administrative penalties resulting from any noncompliance with healthcare laws and regulations at our senior living communities, including suspension of or non-payment for new admission or the loss or suspension of accreditation, licenses or certificates of need, among other things, and
•Exposure to litigation and regulatory and government proceedings due to the nature of the senior living and other health and wellness related service businesses.
•We own a significant number of AlerisLife common shares and we expect to own these shares for the foreseeable future. However, we may sell some or all of our AlerisLife common shares, or our ownership interest in AlerisLife may otherwise be diluted in the future,
•Our current cash distribution rate to common shareholders is $0.01 per share per quarter, or $0.04 per share per year, due to the operating challenges and other economic impacts resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Our distribution rate may be set and reset from time to time by our Board of Trustees. Our Board of Trustees will consider many factors when setting or resetting our distribution rate, including our historical and projected net income, Normalized FFO, requirements to maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, limitations in the agreements governing our debt, the availability to us of debt and equity capital, our expectation of our future capital requirements and operating performance, our expected needs for and availability of cash to pay our obligations and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Trustees in its discretion. Further, our projected cash available for distribution may change and may vary from our expectations. Accordingly, future distributions to our shareholders may be increased or decreased and we cannot be sure as to the rate at which future distributions will be paid,
•Our ability to make future distributions to our shareholders and to make payments of principal and interest on our debt depends upon a number of factors, including our future earnings, the capital costs we incur to lease and operate our properties and our working capital requirements. We may be unable to pay our debt obligations when they become due or to maintain our current rate of distributions on our common shares and future distributions may be reduced or eliminated,
•We intend to conduct our business activities in a manner that will afford us reasonable access to capital for investment and financing activities. However, we may not succeed in this regard and we may not have reasonable access to capital,
•Subject to limitations on acquisitions in agreements governing our debt, we plan to selectively sell certain properties from time to time to fund future acquisitions, manage leverage and strategically update, rebalance and reposition our investment portfolio, which we refer to as our capital recycling program. We cannot be sure we will sell any of these properties or what the terms or timing of any such sales may be. In addition, any updating, rebalancing or repositioning of our portfolio may not result in the benefits we expect, and properties we may sell may be at prices that are less than expected and less than their carrying values,
•Contingencies in our acquisition and sale agreements that we may enter may not be satisfied and any acquisitions and sales pursuant to such agreements and any related management arrangements we may expect to enter may not occur, may be delayed or the terms of such transactions or arrangements may change,
•The capital investments we are making at our senior living communities and our plan to invest significant additional capital in our senior living communities to better position them in their respective markets in order to increase our future returns may not be successful and may not achieve our expected results. Our senior living communities may not be competitive, despite these capital investments, or these capital investments may be delayed or may cost more than expected due to supply chain disruptions, market inflation, labor shortages or other conditions,
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•Our redevelopment projects may not be successful and may cost more or take longer to complete than we currently expect. In addition, we may not realize the returns we expect from these projects and we may incur losses from these projects, and potential leasing arrangements related to our redevelopment projects may not materialize,
•We may spend more for capital expenditures or redevelopment projects than we currently expect,
•Our existing joint ventures and any additional joint ventures we may enter into in the future may not be successful,
•Our tenants may experience losses and default on their rent obligations to us,
•Some of our tenants may not renew expiring leases, and we may be unable to obtain new tenants to maintain or increase the historical occupancy rates of, or rents from, our properties. In addition, we may incur significant costs to reposition or re-lease a vacant property for a new operator and vacancies may reduce the value of the property,
•Our ability to grow our business and maintain or increase our distributions to shareholders depends in large part upon our ability to buy properties and arrange for their profitable operation or lease them for rents, less their property operating expenses, that exceed our capital costs. We are currently generally limited in making acquisitions pursuant to our credit agreement. In addition, even after these restrictions expire, we may be unable to identify properties that we want to acquire, and we may fail to reach agreement with the sellers and complete the purchase of any properties we do want to acquire. In addition, we may not realize the returns we expect on any properties we acquire,
•Rents that we receive from our properties may decline upon renewals or expirations of our leases because of changing market conditions or otherwise,
•Although we have obtained a waiver from compliance with the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant included in our credit agreement through December 2022, if our operating results and financial condition are further adversely impacted by current economic conditions or otherwise, we may fail to comply with the terms of the waiver and other requirements under our credit agreement, and we may also fail to satisfy certain financial requirements under the agreements governing our public debt. For example, our ratio of consolidated income available for debt service to debt service was below the 1.5x incurrence requirement under our credit agreement and our public debt covenants as of June 30, 2022, and we cannot be certain how long this ratio will remain below 1.5x. We are unable to incur additional debt until this ratio is at or above 1.5x on a pro forma basis, but we are not required to repay outstanding debt as a result of failure to comply with this financial requirement. We are currently fully drawn under our revolving credit facility and could also be required to repay our outstanding debt in the event of non-compliance with certain other requirements of our credit agreement or the agreements governing our public debt. We may therefore experience future liquidity constraints, as we are currently unable to incur additional debt under our credit agreement or otherwise for failure to comply with the requirements of our credit agreement and the agreements governing our public debt, and we will be limited to our cash on hand or be forced to raise additional sources of capital or take other measures to maintain adequate liquidity,
•Actual costs under our revolving credit facility or other floating rate debt will be higher than the stated rates because of fees and expenses associated with such debt,
•The premiums used to determine the interest rate payable on our revolving credit facility and the facility fee payable on our revolving credit facility are based on our credit ratings, which are subject to change,
•For the three months ended June 30, 2022, substantially all of our NOI was generated from properties where a majority of the revenues are derived from our tenants' and residents' private resources. This may imply that we will maintain or increase the percentage of our NOI generated from private resources at our senior living communities. However, our residents and patients may become unable to fund our charges with private resources and we may be required or may elect for business reasons to accept or pursue revenues from government sources, which could result in an increased part of our NOI and revenue being generated from government payments and our becoming more dependent on government payments. If the government fails to pay us or our managers or other operators amounts due to us or them because of government defaults, shutdowns, budgetary constraints or otherwise, we and they may be significantly negatively impacted,
•Circumstances that adversely affect the ability of seniors or their families to pay for our managers' or other operators' services, such as economic downturns or a possible recession, weak housing market conditions, higher levels of unemployment among our residents' family members, lower levels of consumer confidence, inflation, increasing
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interest rates, stock market volatility and/or changes in demographics generally could affect the profitability of our senior living communities,
•It is difficult to accurately estimate tenant space preparation costs. Our unspent leasing related obligations may cost more or less and may take longer to complete than we currently expect, and we may incur increasing amounts for these and similar purposes in the future,
•We expect that we will benefit from RMR's Environmental, Social and Governance, or ESG, program and initiatives. However, we may not realize the benefits we expect from such program and initiatives and we or RMR may not succeed in meeting existing or future standards regarding ESG,
•We believe that our relationships with our related parties, including AlerisLife (including Five Star) and RMR and others affiliated with them may benefit us and provide us with competitive advantages in operating and growing our business. However, the advantages we believe we may realize from these relationships may not materialize, and
•The business and property management agreements between us and RMR have continuing 20 year terms. However, those agreements permit early termination in certain circumstances. Accordingly, we cannot be sure that these agreements will remain in effect for continuing 20 year terms.
Currently unexpected results could occur due to many different circumstances, some of which are beyond our control, such as economic conditions, including increasing interest rates, high inflation and a possible recession, other changes in capital markets or the economy generally, the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath, new legislation or regulations affecting our business or the businesses of our managers or other operators or tenants, changes in our managers' or other operators' or tenants' revenues or costs, worsening or lack of improvement of the financial condition or changes in our managers' or other operators' or tenants' financial conditions, deficiencies in operations by a manager or other operator of one or more of our senior living communities, acts of terrorism, war or other hostilities, pandemics, natural disasters or climate change and climate related events.
The information contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in our other filings with the SEC, including under the caption “Risk Factors”, or incorporated herein or therein, identifies other important factors that could cause differences from our forward-looking statements. Our other filings with the SEC are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
You should not place undue reliance upon our forward-looking statements.
Except as required by law, we do not intend to update or change any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Statement Concerning Limited Liability
The Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust establishing Diversified Healthcare Trust, dated September 20, 1999, as amended and supplemented, as filed with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland, provides that no trustee, officer, shareholder, employee or agent of Diversified Healthcare Trust shall be held to any personal liability, jointly or severally, for any obligation of, or claim against, Diversified Healthcare Trust. All persons dealing with Diversified Healthcare Trust in any way shall look only to the assets of Diversified Healthcare Trust for the payment of any sum or the performance of any obligation.
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PART II. Other Information
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
There have been no material changes to risk factors from those we previously disclosed in our Annual Report.
Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit Number |  | Description
3.1 |  | Composite Copy of Articles of Amendment and Restatement, dated September 20, 1999, as amended to date. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020.)
3.2 |  | Articles Supplementary, dated May 11, 2000. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000.)
3.3 |  | Articles Supplementary, dated June 30, 2017. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2017.)
3.4 |  | Articles Supplementary, dated May 19, 2020. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 20, 2020.)
3.5 |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, adopted January 1, 2020. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 2, 2020.)
4.1 |  | Form of Common Share Certificate. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 2, 2020.)
4.2 |  | Indenture, dated as of December 20, 2001, between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-76588.)
4.3 |  | Supplemental Indenture No. 7, dated as of July 20, 2012, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, related to 5.625% Senior Notes due 2042, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on July 20, 2012.)
4.4 |  | Supplemental Indenture No. 9, dated as of April 28, 2014, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, related to 4.75% Senior Notes due 2024, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014.)
4.5 |  | Indenture, dated as of February 18, 2016, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 18, 2016.)
4.6 |  | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 18, 2016, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, related to 6.25% Senior Notes due 2046, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 18, 2016.)
4.7 |  | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 12, 2018, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, related to 4.75% Senior Notes due 2028, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.)
4.8 |  | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 2, 2020, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company named therein as guarantors and U.S. Bank, National Association, related to 9.750% Senior Notes due 2025, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 5, 2020.)
4.9 |  | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 5, 2021, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company named therein as guarantors and U.S. Bank, National Association, related to 9.750% Senior Notes due 2025. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021.)
4.10 |  | Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2021, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company named therein as guarantors and U.S. Bank, National Association, related to 4.375% Senior Notes due 2031, including form thereof. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.)
4.11 |  | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 5, 2021, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company named therein as guarantors and U.S. Bank, National Association, related to 4.375% Senior Notes due 2031. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021.)
4.12 |  | Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2015, among the Company, ABP Trust (f/k/a Reit Management & Research Trust) and Adam D. Portnoy. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 8, 2015.)
10.1 |  | Diversified Healthcare Trust Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Compensation Plan. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6, 2022.)

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10.2 |  | Summary of Trustee Compensation. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6, 2022.)
22.1 |  | List of Subsidiary Guarantors. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.)
31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification. (Filed herewith.)
31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification. (Filed herewith.)
32.1 |  | Section 1350 Certification. (Furnished herewith.)
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File. (Formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.)

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST
| By: | /s/ Jennifer F. Francis
|  | Jennifer F. Francis
|  | President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated: August 3, 2022 |
| By: | /s/ Richard W. Siedel, Jr.
|  | Richard W. Siedel, Jr.
|  | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
|  | (principal financial and accounting officer)
Dated: August 3, 2022 |

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