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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Loss Before Provision for Income Taxes

Our loss from continuing operations before income taxes was as follows (in thousands):

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2022						2021						2020
Domestic			$	(66,055)					$	(32,719)					$	(332,373)
Foreign			3,978						2,918						1,833
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes			$	(62,077)					$	(29,801)					$	(330,540)

Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Components of income tax expense (benefit) (in thousands) consist of the following:

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2022						2021						2020
Current
Federal			$	(875)					$	(1,469)					$	(2,305)
State and local			1,788						1,449						200
Foreign			1,318						1,027						721
Total current tax expense (benefit)			2,231						1,007						(1,384)
Deferred
Federal			5,055						(5,866)						(38,258)
State and local			(2,790)						(4,021)						(9,565)
Foreign			92						(493)						(303)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)			2,357						(10,380)						(48,126)
Change in valuation allowance			(47,964)						9,856						47,142
Total tax expense (benefit)			$	(43,376)					$	483					$	(2,368)

Schedule of Reconciliation of the U.S. Statutory Tax Rate to our Effective Tax Rate

A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory tax rate to our effective tax rate is presented below:

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2022						2021						2020
U.S. statutory tax rate			21.0		%				21.0		%				21.0		%
U.S. state income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit			(0.6)		%				1.9		%				2.9		%
Foreign earnings at other than U.S. rates			(0.8)		%				0.3		%				—		%
Change in valuation allowance			77.3		%				(33.1)		%				(14.3)		%
Benefit of net operating loss carryback provision			—		%				—		%				1.1		%
Non-deductible goodwill impairment			—		%				—		%				(11.5)		%
Non-deductible excess compensation			(27.8)		%				(10.1)		%				(0.3)		%
Excess tax benefits (shortfalls) on stock-based compensation			12.2		%				8.1		%				(0.3)		%
Convertible debt extinguishment			(3.4)		%				(1.5)		%				—		%
Change in uncertain tax positions			(1.1)		%				0.2		%				—		%
Nondeductible transaction costs			(1.7)		%				—		%				—		%
Change in state rate			5.2		%				6.8		%				1.3		%
Return to provision			(1.1)		%				6.6		%				(0.8)		%
Change in indefinite reinvestment assertion for domestic subsidiaries			—		%				—		%				1.0		%
Tax sharing settlement			—		%				(1.1)		%				—		%
Tax receivable agreement			(9.1)		%				—		%				—		%
Other, net			(0.2)		%				(0.7)		%				0.6		%
Effective tax rate			69.9		%				(1.6)		%				0.7		%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands) were as follows:

			As of December 31,
			2022						2021
Deferred Tax Assets
Start-up and organizational costs			$	84					$	103
Goodwill			12,281						18,774
Operating lease liabilities			16,362						15,968
Accrued expenses			9,326						10,345
Stock based compensation			1,263						8,714
Net operating loss carryforwards			131,317						130,242
Federal and state research tax credits			1,828						1,828
Fixed assets			393						480
Interest deduction limitation			7,089						7,795
Outside basis differences			650						1,972
Other			6,677						9,236
Subtotal			187,270						205,457
Valuation allowance			(70,790)						(101,345)
Total deferred tax assets			116,480						104,112
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Internally developed software costs			11,173						12,501
Intangible assets			89,784						48,677
Right-of-use assets - Operating			12,696						12,284
Contract fulfillment costs			4,501						8,317
Convertible debt			—						17,604
Other			2,136						5,387
Total deferred tax liabilities			120,290						104,770
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)			$	(3,810)					$	(658)

Changes in our valuation allowance (in thousands) were as follows:

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2022						2021
Balance at beginning-of-year			$	101,345					$	89,723
Charged (credited) to costs and expenses			(47,964)						9,856
Charged to other accounts (1)			17,409						1,766
Balance at end-of-year			$	70,790					$	101,345

______________

(1)Amounts charged to other accounts includes $17.3 million charged to shareholders’ equity and $0.1 million charged to discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $1.8 million charged to discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits

Changes in our unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands) were as follows:

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2022						2021						2020
Balance at beginning-of-year			$	609					$	678					$	753
Gross increases - tax positions in prior period			616						—						—
Gross increases - tax positions in current period			399						—						—
Lapse of statute of limitations			—						(69)						(75)
Balance at end-of-year			$	1,624					$	609					$	678

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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