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Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation
 
In 2019, the 2009 Tompkins Financial Corporation Equity Plan ("2009 Equity Plan") expired and was replaced by the new Tompkins Financial Corporation 2019 Equity Plan ("2019 Equity Plan"). Under the 2019 Equity Plan, the Company may grant stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), shares of restricted stock and restricted units and performance share awards covering up to 1,275,000 shares of the Company's common stock to certain officers and employees. Additionally, restricted stock awards and restricted units and performance share awards will reduce the shares available for grant under the 2019 Equity Plan by 4.25 shares for each share subject to an award, resulting in a total number of full-value share awards that may be issued under the 2019 Plan to 300,000. Stock options and SARs are granted at an exercise price equal to the stock’s fair value at the date of grant, may not have a term in excess of ten years, and have vesting periods that range between five and seven years from the grant date. Options and Stock Appreciation Rights with an expiration date in 2026 have a five-year vesting schedule with zero percent vesting in year one and 25% vesting in years two through five. All other Options and Stock Appreciation Rights have a seven-year vesting schedule with zero percent vesting in year one, 17% vesting in years two through six and 15% vesting in year seven. Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units that were granted in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 have a five-year vesting schedule with zero percent vesting in year one and 25% vesting in years two through five. For Performance Awards, there is a 3-year performance period in the fiscal years immediately following the grant date, at which time the performance goal is measured. If the goal is achieved, the value of the award vests is either immediately payable, or is subject to additional time-based vesting, depending on the terms of the particular executive’s award agreement.
 
The Company granted 77,269 equity awards to its employees in 2022, consisting of 50,155 shares of restricted stock, 2,615 performance share awards, 16,284 performance stock units and 8,215 restricted stock units. The Company granted 67,846 equity awards to its employees in 2021, consisting of 54,151 shares of restricted stock, 5,340 performance share awards and 8,355 restricted stock units. The Company granted 86,411 equity awards to its employees in 2020, consisting of 69,451 shares of restricted stock, 6,545 performance share awards and 10,415 restricted stock units.
The following table presents the activity related to stock options and SARs under all plans for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Number of Shares/RightsWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 202291,480 $54.17 
Granted0.00 
Exercised(30,557)47.92 
Forfeited(1,070)67.89 
Outstanding at December 31, 202259,853 $57.12 2.50$1,226,708 
Exercisable at December 31, 202259,853 $57.12 2.50$1,226,708 

Total stock-based compensation expense for stock options and SARs was $33,000 in 2022, $151,000 in 2021, and $194,000 in 2020. As of December 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options and SARs totaled $0. Net cash proceeds, tax benefits and intrinsic value related to total stock options, SARs, and restricted stock exercised is as follows: 

(In thousands)202220212020
Proceeds from stock option exercises$(538)$(803)$(253)
Tax benefits related to stock option exercises196 355 156 
Intrinsic value of stock option exercises1,075 1,900 570 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-valuation model to determine the fair value of incentive stock options and SARs at the date of grant. The valuation model estimates fair value based on the assumptions for the risk-free rate, expected dividend yield, volatility and expected life. The risk-free rate is the interest rate available on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury instruments with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the share option at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is based on the dividend trends and the market price of the Company’s stock price at grant. Volatility is largely based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The expected term is based upon historical experience of employee exercises and terminations as the vesting term of the grants. The fair values of the grants are expensed over the vesting periods. There were no incentive stock options or SARs granted in 2022, 2021 and 2020.
 
December 31, 2022
Options and SARs OutstandingOptions and SARs Exercisable
Range of Exercise PricesNumber OutstandingWeighted Average Remaining Contractual LifeWeighted Average Exercise PriceNumber ExercisableWeighted Average Exercise Price
$37.51-41.00
5,446 0.34$40.60 5,446 $40.60 
$41.01-50.00
22,084 1.89$49.22 22,084 $49.22 
$50.01-76.90
32,101 3.28$65.15 32,101 $65.15 
$76.91-86.18
222 3.89$86.18 222 $86.18 
59,853 2.50$57.12 59,853 $57.12 
 
The following table presents activity related to restricted stock awards and restricted stock units for the year ended December 31, 2022. 
Number of SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2022241,910 $71.60 
Granted77,269 81.48 
Vested(61,855)72.01 
Forfeited(19,968)75.91 
Unvested at December 31, 2022237,356 $73.07 

The Company granted 50,155 restricted stock awards, 8,215 restricted stock units, 16,284 performance units and 2,615 performance share awards in 2022, each at an average grant date fair value of $81.48. The Company granted 54,151 restricted stock awards, 8,355 restricted stock units and 5,340 performance share awards in 2021, each at an average grant date fair value of $83.97. The Company granted 69,451 restricted stock awards, 10,415 restricted stock units and 6,545 performance share awards in 2020 at an average grant date fair value of $63.44. The grant date fair values were the closing prices of the Company’s common stock on the grant dates. The Company recognized stock-based compensation related to restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and performance share awards of $4.8 million in 2022, $5.4 million in 2021, and $4.7 million in 2020. Unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock and performance awards totaled $10.8 million, and restricted stock units totaled $1.4 million at December 31, 2022 and will be recognized over 3.5 years and 3.9 years, respectively on a weighted average basis.