10-Q 1 ocfc-93018x10q.htm 10-Q
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________________

ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018

o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-11713
________________________________________________
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________________________________

Delaware | 22-3412577
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

110 West Front Street, Red Bank, NJ | 07701
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (732) 240-4500
________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ý NO o.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES ý NO o.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer |  | ý | Accelerated Filer |  | o
Non-accelerated Filer |  | o | Smaller Reporting Company |  | o
|  |  | Emerging Growth Company |  | o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES o NO ý.
As of November 5, 2018 there were 48,400,470 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

|  | PAGE
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) |
| Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2018 (unaudited) and December 31, 2017 | 16
| Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 17
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 18
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 19
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 20
| Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | 22
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 3
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 14
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 15
PART II. | Other Information | 47
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 47
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 47
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 47
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 47
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 47
Item 5. | Other Information | 47
Item 6. | Exhibits | 48
Signatures | 49

Table of Contents
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FINANCIAL SUMMARY | At or for the Quarters Ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | September 30, 2018 |  | June 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
SELECTED FINANCIAL CONDITION DATA(1): |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 7,562,589 |  |  | $ | 7,736,903 |  |  | $ | 5,383,800 |
Loans receivable, net | 5,543,959 |  |  | 5,553,035 |  |  | 3,870,109 |
Deposits | 5,854,250 |  |  | 5,819,406 |  |  | 4,350,259 |
Stockholders’ equity | 1,029,844 |  |  | 1,012,568 |  |  | 596,140 |
SELECTED OPERATING DATA: |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income | 61,504 |  |  | 61,447 |  |  | 43,056 |
Provision for loan losses | 907 |  |  | 706 |  |  | 1,165 |
Other income | 8,285 |  |  | 8,883 |  |  | 7,359 |
Operating expenses | 39,533 |  |  | 50,904 |  |  | 30,733 |
Net income | 24,071 |  |  | 15,702 |  |  | 12,817 |
Diluted earnings per share | 0.50 |  |  | 0.32 |  |  | 0.39 |
SELECTED FINANCIAL RATIOS: |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity per common share at end of period | 21.29 |  |  | 20.97 |  |  | 18.30 |
Tangible stockholders’ equity per common share (2) | 13.93 |  |  | 13.56 |  |  | 13.47 |
Cash dividend per share | 0.15 |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | 0.15 |
Stockholders’ equity to total assets | 13.62 | % |  | 13.09 | % |  | 11.07 | %
Tangible stockholders’ equity to total tangible assets (2) | 9.35 |  |  | 8.87 |  |  | 8.39 |
Return on average assets (3) (4) | 1.26 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | 0.95 |
Return on average stockholders’ equity (3) (4) | 9.36 |  |  | 6.23 |  |  | 8.60 |
Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (2) (3) (4) | 14.39 |  |  | 9.64 |  |  | 11.74 |
Net interest rate spread | 3.48 |  |  | 3.57 |  |  | 3.41 |
Net interest margin | 3.64 |  |  | 3.70 |  |  | 3.50 |
Operating expenses to average assets (3) (4) | 2.07 |  |  | 2.71 |  |  | 2.29 |
Efficiency ratio (4) (5) | 56.65 |  |  | 72.38 |  |  | 60.96 |
Loan to deposit ratio | 94.70 |  |  | 95.42 |  |  | 88.96 |
ASSET QUALITY: |  |  |  |  |
Non-performing loans | $ | 19,239 |  |  | $ | 18,106 |  |  | $ | 15,121 |
Non-performing assets | 25,470 |  |  | 25,960 |  |  | 24,455 |
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans receivable | 0.30 | % |  | 0.30 | % |  | 0.42 | %
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total non-performing loans | 87.43 |  |  | 92.18 |  |  | 109.68 |
Non-performing loans as a percent of total loans receivable | 0.35 |  |  | 0.33 |  |  | 0.39 |
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets | 0.34 |  |  | 0.34 |  |  | 0.45 |

(1) | With the exception of end of quarter ratios, all ratios are based on average daily balances.

(2) | Tangible stockholders’ equity and tangible assets exclude intangible assets relating to goodwill and core deposit intangible.

(3) | Ratios are annualized.

(4) | Performance ratios include the net adverse impact of merger related and branch consolidation expenses of $2.0 million, or $1.6 million, net of tax benefit, for the quarter ended September 30, 2018; and $8.4 million, or $6.7 million, net of tax benefit, for the quarter ended June 30, 2018; and $3.2 million, or $2.1 million, net of tax benefit, for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.

(5) | Efficiency ratio represents the ratio of operating expenses to the aggregate of other income and net interest income.

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Summary
OceanFirst Financial Corp. is the holding company for OceanFirst Bank N.A. (the “Bank”), a regional bank serving business and retail customers throughout New Jersey and the metropolitan areas of Philadelphia and New York City. The term “Company” refers to OceanFirst Financial Corp., OceanFirst Bank N.A. and all of their subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. The Company’s results of operations are primarily dependent on net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investments, and the interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. The Company also generates non-interest income such as income from bankcard services, wealth management, deposit accounts, the sale of investment products, loan originations, loan sales, and other fees. The Company’s operating expenses primarily consist of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, marketing, Federal deposit insurance, data processing and general and administrative expenses. The Company’s results of operations are also significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates, government policies and the actions of regulatory agencies.
Over the past two years the Company has grown significantly through the acquisitions of Ocean Shore Holding Co. (“Ocean Shore”), and Sun Bancorp. Inc. (“Sun”). These acquisitions added $3.0 billion in assets and $2.5 billion in deposits. Additionally, effective January 31, 2018, the Bank converted to a national bank charter and the Company became a bank holding company.
Highlights of the Company’s financial results and corporate activities for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were as follows:
Return on average assets for the three months ended September 30, 2018 of 1.26% and return on average tangible stockholders’ equity of 14.39%.
On October 25, 2018, the Company announced the planned acquisition of Capital Bank of New Jersey (“Capital Bank”). Capital Bank is an in-market opportunity that provides an excellent funding base with a 0.46% average cost of deposits and a 70.0% loan-to-deposit ratio.
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2018, was $24.1 million, or $0.50 per diluted share, as compared to $12.8 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, for the corresponding prior year period. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $45.2 million, or $0.95 per diluted share, as compared to $32.5 million, or $0.98 per diluted share, for the corresponding prior year period. Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, included merger related and branch consolidation expenses, which decreased net income, net of tax benefit, by $1.6 million and $22.9 million, respectively. Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, included merger related and branch consolidation expenses, which decreased net income, net of tax benefit, by $2.1 million and $8.6 million, respectively. Excluding these items, net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased over the same prior year period, primarily due to the acquisition of Sun and the expense savings from the successful integration during 2017 of Ocean Shore, which was acquired on November 30, 2016.
Net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, increase d to $61.5 million and $178.7 million, respectively, as compared to $43.1 million and $126.7 million, respectively, for the same prior year periods, reflecting an increase in interest-earning assets and a higher net interest margin, as a result of the acquisition of Sun.
For the three months ended September 30, 2018, other income increase d to $8.3 million as compared to $7.4 million for the corresponding prior year period, including an additional $2.3 million relating to Sun. Operating expenses increase d to $39.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 as compared to $30.7 million in the same prior year period. Operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2018, included $2.0 million of merger related and branch consolidation expenses, as compared to $3.2 million in the same prior year period. Excluding the impact of merger and branch consolidation expenses, the increase in operating expenses over the prior year was primarily due to the Sun acquisition, which added $8.2 million.
The Company remains well-capitalized with a tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio of 9.35% at September 30, 2018.
The Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share, an increase of $0.02 per share, or 13%. The dividend, related to the quarter ended September 30, 2018, of $0.17 per share will be paid on November 16, 2018 to stockholders of record on November 5, 2018.
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Analysis of Net Interest Income
Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income depends upon the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest rate earned or paid on them.
The following tables set forth certain information relating to the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017. The yields and costs are derived by dividing the income or expense by the average balance of the related assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown except where noted otherwise. Average balances are derived from average daily balances. The yields and costs include certain fees which are considered adjustments to yields.

| For the Three Months Ended
| September 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
| Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average Yield/ Cost |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average Yield/ Cost
| (dollars in thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning deposits and short-term investments | $ | 88,706 |  |  | $ | 172 |  |  | 0.77 | % |  | $ | 183,514 |  |  | $ | 438 |  |  | 0.95 | %
Securities (1) | 1,080,784 |  |  | 6,713 |  |  | 2.46 |  |  | 817,867 |  |  | 4,263 |  |  | 2.07 |
Loans receivable, net (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | 3,101,665 |  |  | 38,726 |  |  | 4.95 |  |  | 1,865,970 |  |  | 22,423 |  |  | 4.77 |
Residential | 2,027,880 |  |  | 20,438 |  |  | 4.03 |  |  | 1,737,739 |  |  | 17,588 |  |  | 4.05 |
Home Equity | 361,127 |  |  | 4,628 |  |  | 5.08 |  |  | 279,900 |  |  | 3,289 |  |  | 4.66 |
Other | 52,764 |  |  | 705 |  |  | 5.30 |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 10.35 |
Allowance for loan loss net of deferred loan fees | (9,350 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,370 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Loans Receivable, net | 5,534,086 |  |  | 64,497 |  |  | 4.62 |  |  | 3,872,351 |  |  | 43,329 |  |  | 4.44 |
Total interest-earning assets | 6,703,576 |  |  | 71,382 |  |  | 4.22 |  |  | 4,873,732 |  |  | 48,030 |  |  | 3.91 |
Non-interest-earning assets | 865,054 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 460,795 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 7,568,630 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,334,527 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 2,300,270 |  |  | 2,313 |  |  | 0.40 | % |  | $ | 1,852,421 |  |  | 1,173 |  |  | 0.25 | %
Money market | 578,446 |  |  | 680 |  |  | 0.47 |  |  | 389,035 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 0.30 |
Savings | 896,682 |  |  | 265 |  |  | 0.12 |  |  | 672,548 |  |  | 59 |  |  | 0.03 |
Time deposits | 864,264 |  |  | 2,541 |  |  | 1.17 |  |  | 620,308 |  |  | 1,595 |  |  | 1.02 |
Total | 4,639,662 |  |  | 5,799 |  |  | 0.50 |  |  | 3,534,312 |  |  | 3,126 |  |  | 0.35 |
FHLB Advances | 475,536 |  |  | 2,542 |  |  | 2.12 |  |  | 264,652 |  |  | 1,153 |  |  | 1.73 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 61,336 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 0.27 |  |  | 74,285 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 0.16 |
Other borrowings | 99,438 |  |  | 1,496 |  |  | 5.97 |  |  | 56,502 |  |  | 665 |  |  | 4.67 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 5,275,972 |  |  | 9,878 |  |  | 0.74 |  |  | 3,929,751 |  |  | 4,974 |  |  | 0.50 |
Non-interest-bearing deposits | 1,210,650 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 781,047 |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities | 61,272 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,360 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities | 6,547,894 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,743,158 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity | 1,020,736 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 591,369 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 7,568,630 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,334,527 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income |  |  | $ | 61,504 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 43,056 |  |  |
Net interest rate spread (3) |  |  |  |  | 3.48 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.41 | %
Net interest margin (4) |  |  |  |  | 3.64 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.50 | %
Total cost of deposits (including non-interest-bearing deposits) |  |  |  |  | 0.39 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 0.29 | %

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| For the Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
| Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average Yield/ Cost |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average Yield/ Cost
| (dollars in thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning deposits and short-term investments | $ | 101,513 |  |  | $ | 660 |  |  | 0.87 | % |  | $ | 180,821 |  |  | $ | 1,058 |  |  | 0.78 | %
Securities (1) | 1,085,725 |  |  | 19,407 |  |  | 2.39 |  |  | 769,932 |  |  | 12,186 |  |  | 2.12 |
Loans receivable, net (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | 2,995,847 |  |  | 110,920 |  |  | 4.95 |  |  | 1,849,246 |  |  | 65,619 |  |  | 4.74 |
Residential | 1,941,594 |  |  | 59,117 |  |  | 4.06 |  |  | 1,720,185 |  |  | 52,231 |  |  | 4.05 |
Home Equity | 357,490 |  |  | 13,335 |  |  | 4.99 |  |  | 283,419 |  |  | 9,760 |  |  | 4.60 |
Other | 20,796 |  |  | 857 |  |  | 5.51 |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 7.82 |
Allowance for loan loss net of deferred loan fees | (10,233 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,338 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Loans Receivable, net | 5,305,494 |  |  | 184,229 |  |  | 4.64 |  |  | 3,841,692 |  |  | 127,679 |  |  | 4.44 |
Total interest-earning assets | 6,492,732 |  |  | 204,296 |  |  | 4.21 |  |  | 4,792,445 |  |  | 140,923 |  |  | 3.93 |
Non-interest-earning assets | 824,691 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 461,752 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 7,317,423 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,254,197 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 2,313,012 |  |  | 6,099 |  |  | 0.35 | % |  | $ | 1,746,601 |  |  | 3,086 |  |  | 0.24 | %
Money market | 567,575 |  |  | 1,924 |  |  | 0.45 |  |  | 418,681 |  |  | 891 |  |  | 0.28 |
Savings | 876,695 |  |  | 727 |  |  | 0.11 |  |  | 675,684 |  |  | 285 |  |  | 0.06 |
Time deposits | 862,555 |  |  | 6,760 |  |  | 1.05 |  |  | 628,126 |  |  | 4,559 |  |  | 0.97 |
Total | 4,619,837 |  |  | 15,510 |  |  | 0.45 |  |  | 3,469,092 |  |  | 8,821 |  |  | 0.34 |
FHLB Advances | 391,956 |  |  | 5,954 |  |  | 2.03 |  |  | 258,147 |  |  | 3,340 |  |  | 1.73 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 68,173 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 0.25 |  |  | 74,729 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 0.15 |
Other borrowings | 93,046 |  |  | 4,046 |  |  | 5.81 |  |  | 56,450 |  |  | 1,967 |  |  | 4.66 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 5,173,012 |  |  | 25,635 |  |  | 0.66 |  |  | 3,858,418 |  |  | 14,210 |  |  | 0.49 |
Non-interest-bearing deposits | 1,121,695 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 781,608 |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities | 55,881 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28,351 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities | 6,350,588 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,668,377 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders equity | 966,835 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 585,820 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 7,317,423 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,254,197 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income |  |  | $ | 178,661 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 126,713 |  |  |
Net interest rate spread (3) |  |  |  |  | 3.55 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.44 | %
Net interest margin (4) |  |  |  |  | 3.68 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.54 | %
Total cost of deposits (including non-interest-bearing deposits) |  |  |  |  | 0.36 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 0.28 | %

(1) | Amounts represent debt and equity securities, including FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock, and are recorded at average amortized cost.

(2) | Amount is net of deferred loan fees, undisbursed loan funds, discounts and premiums and estimated loss allowances and includes loans held for sale and non-performing loans.

(3) | Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

(4) | Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017
Total assets increase d by $2.147 billion, to $7.563 billion at September 30, 2018, from $5.416 billion at December 31, 2017, primarily as a result of the acquisition of Sun, which added $2.043 billion to total assets. Restricted equity investments increase d by $37.4 million, to $57.1 million at September 30, 2018, from $19.7 million at December 31, 2017, primarily due to the addition of Federal Reserve Bank stock as a result of converting to a national bank charter. Loans receivable, net, increase d by $1.578 billion, to $5.544 billion at September 30, 2018, from $3.966 billion at December 31, 2017, primarily due to acquired loans of $1.517 billion as well as purchased loans totaling $146.7 million. As part of the acquisition of Sun, the Company’s goodwill balance increased to $338.1 million at September 30, 2018, from $150.5 million at December 31, 2017, and the core deposit intangible increased to $18.0 million, from $8.9 million at December 31, 2017.
Deposits increase d by $1.511 billion, to $5.854 billion at September 30, 2018, from $4.343 billion at December 31, 2017, due to acquired deposits of $1.616 billion. The loan-to-deposit ratio at September 30, 2018 was 94.7%, as compared to 91.3% at December 31, 2017. Federal Home Loan Bank advances increased by $168.1 million, to $456.8 million at September 30, 2018, from $288.7 million at December 31, 2017 due to the acquisition of Sun and to fund loan growth.
Stockholders’ equity increase d to $1.030 billion at September 30, 2018, as compared to $601.9 million at December 31, 2017. The acquisition of Sun added $402.6 million to stockholders’ equity. At September 30, 2018, there were 1.8 million shares available for repurchase under the Company’s stock repurchase programs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company did not repurchase any shares under these repurchase programs. During 2018, the Company contributed an additional $8.4 million to the existing Employee Stock Ownership Plan. The purchased shares will be allocated to employees over the next nine years. Tangible stockholders’ equity per common share increase d to $13.93 at September 30, 2018, as compared to $13.58 at December 31, 2017.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017
General
On January 31, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of Sun and its results of operations from February 1, 2018 through September 30, 2018 are included in the consolidated results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, but are not included in the results of operations for the corresponding prior year periods.
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2018, was $24.1 million, or $0.50 per diluted share, as compared to $12.8 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, for the corresponding prior year period. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $45.2 million, or $0.95 per diluted share, as compared to $32.5 million, or $0.98 per diluted share, for the corresponding prior year period. Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, included merger related and branch consolidation expenses, which decreased net income, net of tax benefit, by $1.6 million and $22.9 million, respectively. Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, included merger related and branch consolidation expenses, which decreased net income, net of tax benefit, by $2.1 million and $8.6 million, respectively. Excluding these items, net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, increased over the same prior year period, primarily due to the acquisition of Sun and the expense savings from the successful integration during 2017 of Ocean Shore, which was acquired on November 30, 2016.
Interest Income
Interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 increase d to $71.4 million and $204.3 million, respectively, as compared to $48.0 million and $140.9 million, respectively, in the corresponding prior year periods. Average interest-earning assets increase d by $1.830 billion and $1.700 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to the same prior year periods. The averages for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, were favorably impacted by $1.636 billion and $1.509 billion, respectively, of interest-earning assets acquired from Sun. Average loans receivable, net, increased by $1.662 billion and $1.464 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to the same prior year periods. The increases attributable to the acquisition of Sun were $1.398 billion and $1.279 billion, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the yield on average interest-earning assets increased to 4.22% and 4.21%, respectively, from 3.91% and 3.93% in the corresponding prior periods. The yields on average interest-earning assets benefited from the accretion of purchase accounting adjustments on the Sun acquisition, and to a lesser extent, the impact of Federal Reserve rate increases.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $9.9 million and $25.6 million, respectively, as compared to $5.0 million and $14.2 million, respectively, in the corresponding prior year periods. Average interest-bearing liabilities increase d $1.346 billion and $1.315 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared
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to the same prior year periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities increased to 0.74% and 0.66%, respectively, from 0.50% and 0.49%, respectively, in the corresponding prior year periods. The total cost of deposits (including non-interest bearing deposits) was 0.39% and 0.36% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to 0.29% and 0.28%, respectively, in the same prior year periods.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, increase d to $61.5 million and $178.7 million, respectively, as compared to $43.1 million and $126.7 million, respectively, for the same prior year periods, reflecting an increase in interest-earning assets and a higher net interest margin. The net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, increased to 3.64% and 3.68%, from 3.50% and 3.54%, respectively, for the same prior year periods. The net interest margin benefited from the accretion of purchase accounting adjustments on the Sun acquisition of $2.8 million and $8.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Provision for Loan Losses
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the provision for loan losses was $907,000 and $3.0 million, respectively, as compared to $1.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods. Net loan charge-offs were $777,000 and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to net loan charge-offs of $1.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in the corresponding prior year periods. Non-performing loans totaled $19.2 million at September 30, 2018, as compared to $15.1 million at September 30, 2017.
Other Income
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, other income increase d to $8.3 million and $26.1 million, respectively, as compared to $7.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods. The increase s were primarily due to the impact of the Sun acquisition, which added $2.3 million and $6.1 million to other income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to the same prior year periods. Excluding the Sun acquisition, the decrease in other income for the three months ended September 30, 2018, was primarily due to an increase in the loss from real estate operations of $2.0 million, of which $900,000 related to a write-down attributable to a hotel, golf, and banquet facility, partially offset by increases in fees and service charges of $449,000. Excluding the Sun acquisition, the decrease in other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was primarily due to an increase in the loss from real estate operations of $2.8 million, of which $1.4 million related to the year-to-date write-down on the property noted above, partially offset by increases in fees and service charges of $763,000, an increase in the gain on sales of loans of $580,000, mostly related to the sale of one non-performing commercial loan relationship during the first quarter of 2018, rental income of $491,000 received primarily for January and February 2018 on the Company’s acquired administrative office, and increased bankcard services revenue of $443,000.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increase d to $39.5 million and $147.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to $30.7 million and $98.8 million, respectively, in the same prior year periods. Operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, included $2.0 million and $28.8 million, respectively, of merger related and branch consolidation expenses, as compared to $3.2 million and $13.2 million, respectively, in the same prior year periods. Excluding the impact of merger and branch consolidation expenses, the increase in operating expenses over the prior year was primarily due to the Sun acquisition, which added $8.2 million and $27.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Excluding the Sun acquisition, the remaining increase in operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 over the prior year period was primarily due to increases in compensation and employee benefits expense of $852,000 as a result of higher incentive and stock plan expenses, occupancy expense of $402,000, equipment expense of $296,000, and marketing expenses of $208,000. Excluding the Sun acquisition, the remaining increase in operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 over the prior year period was primarily due to increases in compensation and employee benefits expense of $3.2 million as a result of higher incentive and stock plan expenses, occupancy expenses of $1.2 million, and service bureau expense of $838,000.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was $5.3 million and $9.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to $5.7 million and $12.7 million, respectively, for the same prior year periods. The effective tax rate was 18.0% and 17.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as compared to 30.8% and 28.0%, respectively, for the same prior year periods. The lower effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018
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primarily resulted from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform”), enacted during the fourth quarter of 2017. In addition, the State of New Jersey enacted new legislation on July 1, 2018, creating a temporary surtax effective for tax years 2018 through 2021, and requiring companies to file combined tax returns beginning 2019. The new legislation did not impact the Company’s deferred tax asset or state income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company will continue to evaluate the effect of this legislation on tax expense in future periods.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company’s primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and other borrowings and, to a lesser extent, investment maturities and proceeds from the sale of loans. While scheduled amortization of loans is a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are influenced by interest rates, economic conditions and competition. The Company has other sources of liquidity if a need for additional funds arises, including various lines of credit.
At September 30, 2018, the Company had $171.0 million of outstanding overnight borrowings from the FHLB, compared to $30.0 million of outstanding overnight borrowings at December 31, 2017. The Bank utilizes overnight borrowings from time-to-time to fund short-term liquidity needs. FHLB advances, including overnight borrowings totaled $456.8 million and $288.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
The Company’s cash needs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were primarily satisfied by principal payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities, and increased borrowings. The cash was principally utilized for the purchase of loans receivable, loan originations, the purchase of securities, and to fund deposit outflows. The Company’s cash needs for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were primarily satisfied by principal payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities, deposit growth, and increased borrowings. The cash was principally utilized for loan originations, the purchase of loans receivable and the purchase of securities.
In the normal course of business, the Company routinely enters into various off-balance-sheet commitments. At September 30, 2018, outstanding undrawn lines of credit totaled $835.2 million and outstanding commitments to originate loans totaled $213.4 million. The Company expects to have sufficient funds available to meet current commitments arising in the normal course of business.
Time deposits scheduled to mature in one year or less totaled $452.4 million at September 30, 2018. Based upon historical experience, management is opportunistic about renewing time deposits on an as needed basis.
The Company has a detailed contingency funding plan and comprehensive reporting of funding trends on a monthly and quarterly basis which are reviewed by management. Management also monitors cash on a daily basis to determine the liquidity needs of the Bank. Additionally, management performs multiple liquidity stress test scenarios on a quarterly basis. The Bank continues to maintain significant liquidity under all stress scenarios.
Under the Company’s common stock repurchase programs, shares of OceanFirst Financial Corp. common stock may be purchased in the open market and through privately-negotiated transactions, from time-to-time, depending on market conditions. The repurchased shares are held in treasury for general corporate purposes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock. At September 30, 2018, there were 1,754,804 shares available to be repurchased under the stock repurchase programs authorized in July of 2014 and April of 2017.
Cash dividends on common stock declared and paid during the first nine months of 2018 were $21.4 million, as compared to $14.4 million in the same prior year period. The increase in dividends was a result of the additional shares issued in the acquisition of Sun. On October 25, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of seventeen cents ($0.17) per common share. The dividend is payable on November 16, 2018 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 5, 2018.
The primary sources of liquidity specifically available to OceanFirst Financial Corp., the holding company of OceanFirst Bank N.A., are capital distributions from the bank subsidiary and the issuance of preferred and common stock and debt. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received a dividend payment of $24.0 million from the Bank. The Company’s ability to continue to pay dividends will be largely dependent upon capital distributions from the Bank, which may be adversely affected by capital constraints imposed by the applicable regulations. The Company cannot predict whether the Bank will be permitted under applicable regulations to pay a dividend to the Company. If applicable regulations or regulatory bodies prevent the Bank from paying a dividend to the Company, the Company may not have the liquidity necessary to pay a dividend in the
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future or pay a dividend at the same rate as historically paid or be able to meet current debt obligations. At September 30, 2018, OceanFirst Financial Corp. held $26.0 million in cash.
As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company and the Bank exceed all regulatory capital requirements currently applicable as follows (in thousands):

|  | Actual |  | For capital adequacy purposes |  | To be well-capitalized under prompt corrective action
As of September 30, 2018 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Bank: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 capital (to average assets) |  | $ | 687,155 |  |  | 9.58 | % |  | $ | 286,867 |  |  | 4.000 | % |  | $ | 358,584 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 687,155 |  |  | 13.17 |  |  | 332,614 |  |  | 6.375 |  | (1) | 339,136 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 687,155 |  |  | 13.17 |  |  | 410,876 |  |  | 7.875 |  | (1) | 417,398 |  |  | 8.00 |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 704,983 |  |  | 13.51 |  |  | 515,225 |  |  | 9.875 |  | (1) | 521,747 |  |  | 10.00 |
OceanFirst Financial Corp: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 capital (to average assets) |  | $ | 696,209 |  |  | 9.69 | % |  | $ | 287,298 |  |  | 4.000 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Common equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 634,120 |  |  | 12.14 |  |  | 332,920 |  |  | 6.375 |  | (1) | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 696,209 |  |  | 13.33 |  |  | 411,255 |  |  | 7.875 |  | (1) | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 749,037 |  |  | 14.34 |  |  | 515,700 |  |  | 9.875 |  | (1) | N/A |  |  | N/A |

|  | Actual |  | For capital adequacy purposes |  | To be well-capitalized under prompt corrective action
As of December 31, 2017 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Bank: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 capital (to average assets) |  | $ | 459,031 |  |  | 8.75 | % |  | $ | 209,760 |  |  | 4.000 | % |  | $ | 262,200 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 459,031 |  |  | 12.41 |  |  | 212,705 |  |  | 5.750 |  | (2) | 240,450 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 459,031 |  |  | 12.41 |  |  | 268,194 |  |  | 7.250 |  | (2) | 295,938 |  |  | 8.00 |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 475,379 |  |  | 12.85 |  |  | 342,178 |  |  | 9.250 |  | (2) | 369,923 |  |  | 10.00 |
OceanFirst Financial Corp: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 capital (to average assets) |  | $ | 465,554 |  |  | 8.87 | % |  | $ | 209,943 |  |  | 4.000 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Common equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 449,991 |  |  | 12.15 |  |  | 212,907 |  |  | 5.750 |  | (2) | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 465,554 |  |  | 12.57 |  |  | 268,448 |  |  | 7.250 |  | (2) | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 516,902 |  |  | 13.96 |  |  | 342,502 |  |  | 9.250 |  | (2) | N/A |  |  | N/A |

(1) | Includes the Capital Conservation Buffer of 1.875%.

(2) | Includes the Capital Conservation Buffer of 1.25%.

The Bank satisfies the criteria to be “well-capitalized” under the Prompt Corrective Action Regulations.
At September 30, 2018, the Company maintained tangible common equity of $673.8 million, for a tangible common equity to assets ratio of 9.35%. At December 31, 2017, the Company maintained tangible common equity of $442.6 million, for a tangible common equity to assets ratio of 8.42%.
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Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
In the normal course of operations, the Company engages in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, are not recorded in the financial statements. These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk. Such transactions are used for general corporate purposes or for customer needs. Corporate purpose transactions are used to help manage credit, interest rate and liquidity risk or to optimize capital. Customer transactions are used to manage customers’ requests for funding. These financial instruments and commitments include undrawn lines of credit and commitments to extend credit.
The Company enters into loan sale agreements with investors in the normal course of business. The loan sale agreements generally require the Company to repurchase loans previously sold in the event of a violation of various representations and warranties customary to the mortgage banking industry. The Company is also obligated under a loss sharing arrangement with the FHLB relating to loans sold into the Mortgage Partnership Finance program. In the opinion of management, the potential exposure related to the loan sale agreements and loans sold to the FHLB is adequately provided for in the reserve for repurchased loans and loss sharing obligations included in other liabilities. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the reserve for repurchased loans and loss sharing obligations amounted to $1.5 million and $463,000, respectively.
The following table shows the contractual obligations of the Company by expected payment period as of September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

Contractual Obligations | Total |  | Less than one year |  | 1-3 years |  | 3-5 years |  | More than 5 years
Debt Obligations | $ | 617,323 |  |  | $ | 318,696 |  |  | $ | 144,664 |  |  | $ | 55,063 |  |  | $ | 98,900 |
Commitments to Fund Undrawn Lines of Credit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | 506,457 |  |  | 506,457 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer/Construction | 328,770 |  |  | 328,770 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commitments to Originate Loans | 213,390 |  |  | 213,390 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |

Debt obligations include advances from the FHLB and other borrowings and have defined terms.
Commitments to fund undrawn lines of credit and commitments to originate loans are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company’s exposure to credit risk is represented by the contractual amount of the instruments.
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Non-Performing Assets
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s non-performing assets consisting of non-performing loans and other real estate owned. It is the policy of the Company to cease accruing interest on loans 90 days or more past due or in the process of foreclosure.

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
| (dollars in thousands)
Non-performing loans: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 1,727 |  |  | $ | 503 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 511 |  |  | 5,962 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 8,082 |  |  | 8,281 |
Residential mortgage | 6,390 |  |  | 4,190 |
Home equity loans and lines | 2,529 |  |  | 1,929 |
Total non-performing loans | 19,239 |  |  | 20,865 |
Other real estate owned | 6,231 |  |  | 8,186 |
Total non-performing assets | $ | 25,470 |  |  | $ | 29,051 |
Purchased credit impaired loans (“PCI”) | $ | 9,700 |  |  | $ | 1,712 |
Delinquent loans 30-89 days | $ | 26,691 |  |  | $ | 20,796 |
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans receivable | 0.30 | % |  | 0.40 | %
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total non-performing loans | 87.43 |  |  | 75.35 |
Non-performing loans as a percent of total loans receivable | 0.35 |  |  | 0.52 |
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets | 0.34 |  |  | 0.54 |

The Company’s non-performing loans totaled $19.2 million at September 30, 2018, as compared to $20.9 million at December 31, 2017. Included in the non-performing loans total was $3.6 million and $8.8 million of troubled debt restructured (“TDR”) loans at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The decrease in non-performing loans was primarily due to the sale of one commercial loan relationship. Non-performing loans do not include $9.7 million and $1.7 million of acquired PCI loans at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. At September 30, 2018, the allowance for loan losses totaled $16.8 million, or 0.30% of total loans, as compared to $15.7 million, or 0.40% of total loans at December 31, 2017. These ratios exclude existing fair value credit marks on acquired loans of $34.4 million and $17.5 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These loans were acquired at fair value with no related allowances for loan losses. Other real estate owned includes $5.1 million relating to the hotel, golf and banquet facility located in New Jersey which the Company acquired in the fourth quarter of 2015. The Company has executed a letter of intent with a qualified buyer for this facility at the current carrying value with the closing expected prior to year-end.
The Company classifies loans and other assets in accordance with regulatory guidelines as follows (in thousands):

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Special Mention | $ | 33,612 |  |  | $ | 25,489 |
Substandard | 78,978 |  |  | 60,661 |

Critical Accounting Policies
Note 1 to the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the “2017 Form 10-K”), as supplemented by this report, contains a summary of significant accounting policies. Various elements of these accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. Certain assets are carried in the consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value or the lower of cost or estimated fair value. Policies with respect to the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses and judgments regarding securities are the most critical accounting policies because they are important to the presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. These judgments and policies involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. The use of different judgments, assumptions and estimates could result in material differences in the results of operations or financial condition. These critical accounting policies and their application are reviewed periodically, and at least annually, with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
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Private Securities Litigation Reform Act Safe Harbor Statement
In addition to historical information, this quarterly report contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations of the Company. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “will,” “should,” “may,” “view,” “opportunity,” “potential,” or similar expressions or expressions of confidence. The Company’s ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Company and its subsidiaries include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rates, general economic conditions, levels of unemployment in the Bank’s lending area, real estate market values in the Bank’s lending area, future natural disasters and increases to flood insurance premiums, the level of prepayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, legislative/regulatory changes, monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the quality or composition of the loan or investment portfolios, demand for loan products, deposit flows, competition, demand for financial services in the Company’s market area and accounting principles and guidelines and the Company’s ability to successfully integrate acquired operations. These risks and uncertainties are further discussed in the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K and subsequent securities filings and should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events. Further description of the risks and uncertainties to the business are included in Item 1, Business, and Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K, as amended by its subsequent SEC filings.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company’s interest rate sensitivity is monitored through the use of an interest rate risk (“IRR”) model. The following table sets forth the amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at September 30, 2018, which were anticipated by the Company, based upon certain assumptions, to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown.
At September 30, 2018, the Company’s one-year gap was positive 5.32% as compared to positive 4.62% at December 31, 2017. These results were within the approved policy guidelines.

At September 30, 2018 | 3 Months or Less |  | More than 3 Months to 1 Year |  | More than 1 Year to 3 Years |  | More than 3 Years to 5 Years |  | More than 5 Years |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning deposits and short-term investments | $ | 107,012 |  |  | $ | 1,233 |  |  | $ | 2,695 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 110,940 |
Debt investment securities | 68,524 |  |  | 39,023 |  |  | 113,281 |  |  | 43,598 |  |  | 50,805 |  |  | 315,231 |
Debt mortgage-backed securities | 64,959 |  |  | 80,784 |  |  | 201,216 |  |  | 139,595 |  |  | 188,666 |  |  | 675,220 |
Equity investments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,519 |  |  | 9,519 |
Restricted equity investments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57,143 |  |  | 57,143 |
Loans receivable (2) | 1,092,223 |  |  | 859,120 |  |  | 1,576,920 |  |  | 946,494 |  |  | 1,078,048 |  |  | 5,552,805 |
Total interest-earning assets | 1,332,718 |  |  | 980,160 |  |  | 1,894,112 |  |  | 1,129,687 |  |  | 1,384,181 |  |  | 6,720,858 |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing checking accounts | 804,190 |  |  | 126,943 |  |  | 285,606 |  |  | 224,098 |  |  | 891,378 |  |  | 2,332,215 |
Money market deposit accounts | 14,584 |  |  | 41,605 |  |  | 96,696 |  |  | 79,008 |  |  | 352,357 |  |  | 584,250 |
Savings accounts | 48,706 |  |  | 73,543 |  |  | 166,145 |  |  | 130,129 |  |  | 469,276 |  |  | 887,799 |
Time deposits | 127,479 |  |  | 326,793 |  |  | 276,535 |  |  | 119,137 |  |  | 3,167 |  |  | 853,111 |
FHLB advances | 181,547 |  |  | 76,064 |  |  | 144,468 |  |  | 54,727 |  |  | — |  |  | 456,806 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings | 61,044 |  |  | 72,541 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 26,400 |  |  | 160,517 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 1,237,550 |  |  | 717,489 |  |  | 969,646 |  |  | 607,435 |  |  | 1,742,578 |  |  | 5,274,698 |
Interest sensitivity gap (3) | $ | 95,168 |  |  | $ | 262,671 |  |  | $ | 924,466 |  |  | $ | 522,252 |  |  | $ | (358,397 | ) |  | $ | 1,446,160 |
Cumulative interest sensitivity gap | $ | 95,168 |  |  | $ | 357,839 |  |  | $ | 1,282,305 |  |  | $ | 1,804,557 |  |  | $ | 1,446,160 |  |  | $ | 1,446,160 |
Cumulative interest sensitivity gap as a percent of total interest-earning assets | 1.42 | % |  | 5.32 | % |  | 19.08 | % |  | 26.85 | % |  | 21.52 | % |  | 21.52 | %

(1) | Interest-earning assets are included in the period in which the balances are expected to be redeployed and/or repriced as a result of anticipated prepayments, scheduled rate adjustments, and contractual maturities.

(2) | For purposes of the gap analysis, loans receivable includes loans held for sale and non-performing loans gross of the allowance for loan losses, unamortized discounts and deferred loan fees.

(3) | Interest sensitivity gap represents the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

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Additionally, the table below sets forth the Company’s exposure to IRR as measured by the change in economic value of equity (“EVE”) and net interest income under varying rate shocks as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. All methods used to measure interest rate sensitivity involve the use of assumptions, which may tend to oversimplify the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. The Company’s interest rate sensitivity should be reviewed in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto contained in the 2017 Form 10-K.

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Change in Interest Rates in Basis Points (Rate Shock) | Economic Value of Equity |  | Net Interest Income |  | Economic Value of Equity |  | Net Interest Income
Amount |  | % Change |  | EVE Ratio |  | Amount |  | % Change |  | Amount |  | % Change |  | EVE Ratio |  | Amount |  | % Change
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
300 | $ | 1,356,051 |  |  | (0.7 | )% |  | 19.7 | % |  | $ | 260,994 |  |  | 0.7 | % |  | $ | 844,117 |  |  | 5.0 | % |  | 16.8 | % |  | $ | 169,653 |  |  | (2.3 | )%
200 | 1,386,005 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 19.6 |  |  | 261,230 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 850,511 |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 16.5 |  |  | 171,758 |  |  | (1.1 | )
100 | 1,390,317 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | 19.1 |  |  | 260,702 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 838,066 |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | 15.9 |  |  | 173,119 |  |  | (0.3 | )
Static | 1,365,705 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.3 |  |  | 259,236 |  |  | — |  |  | 803,722 |  |  | — |  |  | 14.9 |  |  | 173,590 |  |  | — |
(100) | 1,303,544 |  |  | (4.6 | ) |  | 17.1 |  |  | 255,449 |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  | 737,232 |  |  | (8.3 | ) |  | 13.3 |  |  | 170,383 |  |  | (1.8 | )

The change in interest rate sensitivity at September 30, 2018, as compared to December 31, 2017, is primarily due to the full integration of Sun into the Bank’s operations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (1) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (2) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In addition, based on that evaluation, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
15

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
| (Unaudited) |  |
Assets |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 148,362 |  |  | $ | 109,613 |
Debt securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value | 100,015 |  |  | 81,581 |
Debt securities held-to-maturity, net (estimated fair value of $864,173 at September 30, 2018 and $761,660 at December 31, 2017) | 883,540 |  |  | 764,062 |
Equity investments, at estimated fair value | 9,519 |  |  | 8,700 |
Restricted equity investments, at cost | 57,143 |  |  | 19,724 |
Loans receivable, net | 5,543,959 |  |  | 3,965,773 |
Loans held-for-sale | 732 |  |  | 241 |
Interest and dividends receivable | 20,822 |  |  | 14,254 |
Other real estate owned | 6,231 |  |  | 8,186 |
Premises and equipment, net | 112,320 |  |  | 101,776 |
Bank Owned Life Insurance | 221,190 |  |  | 134,847 |
Deferred tax asset | 59,052 |  |  | 1,922 |
Assets held for sale | 7,552 |  |  | 4,046 |
Other assets | 36,094 |  |  | 41,895 |
Core deposit intangible | 17,954 |  |  | 8,885 |
Goodwill | 338,104 |  |  | 150,501 |
Total assets | $ | 7,562,589 |  |  | $ | 5,416,006 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 5,854,250 |  |  | $ | 4,342,798 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 456,806 |  |  | 288,691 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase with retail customers | 61,044 |  |  | 79,668 |
Other borrowings | 99,473 |  |  | 56,519 |
Advances by borrowers for taxes and insurance | 16,654 |  |  | 11,156 |
Other liabilities | 44,518 |  |  | 35,233 |
Total liabilities | 6,532,745 |  |  | 4,814,065 |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, $1,000 liquidation preference, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 48,382,370 shares issued and 48,382,370 and 32,596,893 shares outstanding at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively | 483 |  |  | 336 |
Additional paid-in capital | 756,954 |  |  | 354,377 |
Retained earnings | 286,462 |  |  | 271,023 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3,943 | ) |  | (5,349 | )
Less: Unallocated common stock held by Employee Stock Ownership Plan | (10,112 | ) |  | (2,479 | )
Treasury stock, 0 and 969,879 shares at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively | — |  |  | (15,967 | )
Common stock acquired by Deferred Compensation Plan | (87 | ) |  | (84 | )
Deferred Compensation Plan Liability | 87 |  |  | 84 |
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,029,844 |  |  | 601,941 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 7,562,589 |  |  | $ | 5,416,006 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

| For the Three Months Ended September 30, |  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited)
Interest income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans | $ | 64,497 |  |  | $ | 43,329 |  |  | $ | 184,229 |  |  | $ | 127,679 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 4,105 |  |  | 2,738 |  |  | 12,087 |  |  | 8,189 |
Debt securities, equity investments and other | 2,780 |  |  | 1,963 |  |  | 7,980 |  |  | 5,055 |
Total interest income | 71,382 |  |  | 48,030 |  |  | 204,296 |  |  | 140,923 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 5,799 |  |  | 3,126 |  |  | 15,510 |  |  | 8,821 |
Borrowed funds | 4,079 |  |  | 1,848 |  |  | 10,125 |  |  | 5,389 |
Total interest expense | 9,878 |  |  | 4,974 |  |  | 25,635 |  |  | 14,210 |
Net interest income | 61,504 |  |  | 43,056 |  |  | 178,661 |  |  | 126,713 |
Provision for loan losses | 907 |  |  | 1,165 |  |  | 2,984 |  |  | 3,030 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 60,597 |  |  | 41,891 |  |  | 175,677 |  |  | 123,683 |
Other income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bankcard services revenue | 2,425 |  |  | 1,785 |  |  | 6,717 |  |  | 5,202 |
Wealth management revenue | 573 |  |  | 541 |  |  | 1,721 |  |  | 1,622 |
Fees and service charges | 4,735 |  |  | 3,702 |  |  | 14,551 |  |  | 11,163 |
Net gain on sales of loans | 31 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 654 |  |  | 74 |
Net unrealized loss on equity investments | (70 | ) |  | — |  |  | (282 | ) |  | — |
Net (loss) income from other real estate operations | (1,582 | ) |  | 432 |  |  | (2,975 | ) |  | (196 | )
Income from Bank Owned Life Insurance | 1,337 |  |  | 881 |  |  | 3,813 |  |  | 2,436 |
Other | 836 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,880 |  |  | 23 |
Total other income | 8,285 |  |  | 7,359 |  |  | 26,079 |  |  | 20,324 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Compensation and employee benefits | 19,694 |  |  | 14,673 |  |  | 64,189 |  |  | 46,138 |
Occupancy | 4,443 |  |  | 2,556 |  |  | 13,582 |  |  | 7,965 |
Equipment | 2,067 |  |  | 1,605 |  |  | 6,004 |  |  | 5,006 |
Marketing | 1,021 |  |  | 775 |  |  | 2,475 |  |  | 2,245 |
Federal deposit insurance | 927 |  |  | 713 |  |  | 2,857 |  |  | 2,079 |
Data processing | 3,125 |  |  | 2,367 |  |  | 9,968 |  |  | 6,809 |
Check card processing | 799 |  |  | 871 |  |  | 2,904 |  |  | 2,640 |
Professional fees | 1,066 |  |  | 846 |  |  | 3,746 |  |  | 2,901 |
Other operating expense | 3,366 |  |  | 2,667 |  |  | 9,928 |  |  | 8,258 |
Amortization of core deposit intangible | 995 |  |  | 507 |  |  | 2,828 |  |  | 1,544 |
Branch consolidation expense | 1,368 |  |  | 1,455 |  |  | 2,911 |  |  | 6,939 |
Merger related expenses | 662 |  |  | 1,698 |  |  | 25,863 |  |  | 6,300 |
Total operating expenses | 39,533 |  |  | 30,733 |  |  | 147,255 |  |  | 98,824 |
Income before provision for income taxes | 29,349 |  |  | 18,517 |  |  | 54,501 |  |  | 45,183 |
Provision for income taxes | 5,278 |  |  | 5,700 |  |  | 9,301 |  |  | 12,669 |
Net income | $ | 24,071 |  |  | $ | 12,817 |  |  | $ | 45,200 |  |  | $ | 32,514 |
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.40 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 1.01 |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.39 |  |  | $ | 0.95 |  |  | $ | 0.98 |
Average basic shares outstanding | 47,685 |  |  | 32,184 |  |  | 46,451 |  |  | 32,073 |
Average diluted shares outstanding | 48,572 |  |  | 33,106 |  |  | 47,403 |  |  | 33,110 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)

| For the Three Months Ended September 30, |  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited)
Net income | $ | 24,071 |  |  | $ | 12,817 |  |  | $ | 45,200 |  |  | $ | 32,514 |
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized (loss) gain on debt securities (net of tax benefit of $46 and $207 in 2018, and net of tax benefit of $8 and net of tax expense of $50 in 2017, respectively) | (179 | ) |  | (12 | ) |  | (772 | ) |  | 72 |
Accretion of unrealized (gain) loss on debt securities reclassified to held-to-maturity (net of tax expense of $336 and $854 in 2018, and net of tax expense of $122 and $365 in 2017, respectively) | (110 | ) |  | 176 |  |  | 1,836 |  |  | 528 |
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income (net of tax expense of $0 and $53 in 2018) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 195 |  |  | — |
Total comprehensive income | $ | 23,782 |  |  | $ | 12,981 |  |  | $ | 46,459 |  |  | $ | 33,114 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

| Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Employee Stock Ownership Plan |  | Treasury Stock |  | Common Stock Acquired by Deferred Compensation Plan |  | Deferred Compensation Plan Liability |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2016 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 336 |  |  | $ | 364,433 |  |  | $ | 238,192 |  |  | $ | (5,749 | ) |  | $ | (2,761 | ) |  | $ | (22,548 | ) |  | $ | (313 | ) |  | $ | 313 |  |  | $ | 571,903 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,514 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,514 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 600 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 600 |
Stock awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,678 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,678 |
Effect of adopting Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09 | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,129 | ) |  | 11,129 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Treasury stock allocated to restricted stock plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,645 | ) |  | 782 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 863 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Allocation of ESOP stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 480 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 692 |
Cash dividend $0.45 per share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,439 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,439 | )
Exercise of stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,125 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,317 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,192 |
Sale of stock for the deferred compensation plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 230 |  |  | (230 | ) |  | — |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 336 |  |  | $ | 353,817 |  |  | $ | 266,053 |  |  | $ | (5,149 | ) |  | $ | (2,549 | ) |  | $ | (16,368 | ) |  | $ | (83 | ) |  | $ | 83 |  |  | $ | 596,140 |
Balance at December 31, 2017 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 336 |  |  | $ | 354,377 |  |  | $ | 271,023 |  |  | $ | (5,349 | ) |  | $ | (2,479 | ) |  | $ | (15,967 | ) |  | $ | (84 | ) |  | $ | 84 |  |  | $ | 601,941 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,200 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,200 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,259 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,259 |
Stock awards | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2,528 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,530 |
Effect of adopting Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-01 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (147 | ) |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Acquisition of common stock by ESOP | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,400 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,400 | )
Allocation of ESOP stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 482 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 767 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,249 |
Cash dividend $0.45 per share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (21,425 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (21,425 | )
Exercise of stock options | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 12,919 |  |  | (8,189 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 202 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,936 |
Acquisition of Sun Bancorp Inc. | — |  |  | 141 |  |  | 386,648 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,765 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 402,554 |
Purchase of stock for the deferred compensation plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3 | ) |  | 3 |  |  | — |
Balance at September 30, 2018 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 483 |  |  | $ | 756,954 |  |  | $ | 286,462 |  |  | $ | (3,943 | ) |  | $ | (10,112 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (87 | ) |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 1,029,844 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(dollars in thousands)

| For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017
| (Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 45,200 |  |  | $ | 32,514 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment | 6,581 |  |  | 4,606 |
Allocation of ESOP stock | 1,249 |  |  | 692 |
Stock awards | 2,530 |  |  | 1,678 |
Net excess tax benefit on stock compensation | (722 | ) |  | (1,700 | )
Amortization of servicing asset | 86 |  |  | 67 |
Net premium amortization in excess of discount accretion on securities | 2,988 |  |  | 2,153 |
Net amortization of deferred costs on borrowings | 196 |  |  | 33 |
Amortization of core deposit intangible | 2,828 |  |  | 1,544 |
Net accretion of purchase accounting adjustments | (12,807 | ) |  | (6,281 | )
Net amortization of deferred costs and discounts on loans | 493 |  |  | 300 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,984 |  |  | 3,030 |
Net loss on sale and write-down of other real estate owned | 1,949 |  |  | 737 |
Write down of fixed assets held for sale to net realizable value | 3,744 |  |  | 6,350 |
Net (gain) loss on sale of fixed assets | (26 | ) |  | 13 |
Net unrealized loss on equity securities | 282 |  |  | — |
Net gain on sales of loans | (654 | ) |  | (74 | )
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale | 2,053 |  |  | 3,837 |
Mortgage loans originated for sale | (2,503 | ) |  | (2,551 | )
Increase in value of Bank Owned Life Insurance | (3,813 | ) |  | (2,436 | )
Net gain on sale of assets held for sale | (1,166 | ) |  | — |
Increase in interest and dividends receivable | (947 | ) |  | (1,638 | )
Decrease in other assets | 13,452 |  |  | 4,012 |
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities | (1,744 | ) |  | 15,810 |
Total adjustments | 17,033 |  |  | 30,182 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 62,233 |  |  | 62,696 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Net decrease (increase) in loans receivable | 85,935 |  |  | (57,646 | )
Proceeds from sale of under performing loans | 8,724 |  |  | 6,022 |
Purchase of loans receivable | (147,563 | ) |  | (16,627 | )
Purchase of debt investment securities available-for-sale | (28,010 | ) |  | (54,810 | )
Purchase of debt investment securities held-to-maturity | (4,017 | ) |  | (111,593 | )
Purchase of debt mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity | — |  |  | (120,210 | )
Purchase of equity investments | (138 | ) |  | — |
Proceeds from maturities and calls of debt investment securities available-for-sale | 14,001 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from maturities and calls of debt investment securities held-to-maturity | 41,246 |  |  | 13,020 |
Principal repayments on debt mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity | 91,717 |  |  | 73,313 |
Proceeds from Bank Owned Life Insurance | 2,708 |  |  | 310 |
Proceeds from the redemption of restricted equity investments | 83,806 |  |  | 19,010 |
Purchases of restricted equity investments | (104,408 | ) |  | (18,169 | )
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned | 646 |  |  | 2,777 |
Proceeds from sales of assets held for sale | 7,488 |  |  | — |
Purchases of premises and equipment | (10,424 | ) |  | (9,031 | )
Cash consideration paid for acquisition, net of cash received | (3,743 | ) |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 37,968 |  |  | (273,634 | )

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Continued
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(dollars in thousands)

| For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017
| (Unaudited)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
(Decrease) increase in deposits | $ | (103,522 | ) |  | $ | 163,182 |
Increase in short-term borrowings | 122,376 |  |  | 5,391 |
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances | (56,607 | ) |  | (1,438 | )
Repayments of other borrowings | (342 | ) |  | — |
Increase in advances by borrowers for taxes and insurance | 5,498 |  |  | 341 |
Exercise of stock options | 4,936 |  |  | 3,192 |
Payment of employee taxes withheld from stock awards | (3,235 | ) |  | (1,406 | )
Acquisition of common stock by ESOP | (8,400 | ) |  | — |
Dividends paid | (21,425 | ) |  | (14,439 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (60,721 | ) |  | 164,823 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 39,480 |  |  | (46,115 | )
Cash and due from banks and restricted cash at beginning of period | 109,613 |  |  | 301,373 |
Cash and due from banks and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 149,093 |  |  | $ | 255,258 |
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |  |  |
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period | $ | 109,613 |  |  | $ | 301,373 |
Restricted cash at beginning of period | — |  |  | — |
Cash and due from banks and restricted cash at beginning of period | $ | 109,613 |  |  | $ | 301,373 |
Cash and due from banks at end of period | $ | 148,362 |  |  | $ | 255,258 |
Restricted cash at end of period | 731 |  |  | — |
Cash and due from banks and restricted cash at end of period | 149,093 |  |  | 255,258 |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |
Interest | $ | 26,637 |  |  | $ | 14,333 |
Income taxes | 143 |  |  | 8 |
Non-cash activities: |  |  |
Accretion of unrealized loss on securities reclassified to held-to-maturity | 2,690 |  |  | 865 |
Net loan charge-offs | 1,884 |  |  | 1,629 |
Transfer of premises and equipment to assets held-for-sale | 11,092 |  |  | 5,078 |
Transfer of loans receivable to other real estate owned | 640 |  |  | 3,389 |
Acquisition: |  |  |
Non-cash assets acquired: |  |  |
Securities | $ | 254,522 |  |  | $ | — |
Restricted equity investments | 16,967 |  |  | — |
Loans | 1,517,172 |  |  | — |
Premises and equipment | 19,892 |  |  | — |
Accrued interest receivable | 5,621 |  |  | — |
Bank Owned Life Insurance | 85,238 |  |  | — |
Deferred tax asset | 57,712 |  |  | — |
Other assets | 5,246 |  |  | — |
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net | 199,500 |  |  | — |
Total non-cash assets acquired | $ | 2,161,870 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities assumed: |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 1,616,073 |  |  | $ | — |
Borrowings | 127,747 |  |  | — |
Other liabilities | 11,752 |  |  | — |
Total liabilities assumed | $ | 1,755,572 |  |  | $ | — |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
21

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OceanFirst Financial Corp. (the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, OceanFirst Bank N.A. (the “Bank”) and OceanFirst Risk Management, Inc., and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, OceanFirst REIT Holdings, Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiary OceanFirst Management Corp., and its wholly-owned subsidiary OceanFirst Realty Corp., OceanFirst Services, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary OFB Reinsurance, Ltd., 975 Holdings, LLC, Hooper Holdings, LLC., TRREO Holdings LLC, Casaba Real Estate Holdings Corporation, Cohensey Bridge, L.L.C., and Prosperis Financial, LLC. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain amounts previously reported have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.
The interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for all of 2018. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the statements of financial condition and the results of operations for the period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Note 2. Business Combinations
On January 31, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of Sun Bancorp, Inc. (“Sun”), which after purchase accounting adjustments added $2.0 billion to assets, $1.5 billion to loans, and $1.6 billion to deposits. Total consideration paid for Sun was $474.9 million, including cash consideration of $72.4 million. Sun was merged with and into the Company on the date of acquisition.
The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Under this method of accounting, the purchase price has been allocated to the respective assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values, net of tax. The excess of consideration paid over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired has been recorded as goodwill.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition for Sun, net of total consideration paid (in thousands):

| At January 31, 2018
| Estimated Fair Value
Total Purchase Price: | $ | 474,930 |
Assets acquired: |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 68,632 |
Securities | 254,522 |
Loans | 1,517,172 |
Accrued interest receivable | 5,621 |
Bank Owned Life Insurance | 85,238 |
Deferred tax asset | 57,712 |
Other assets | 42,105 |
Core deposit intangible | 11,897 |
Total assets acquired | 2,042,899 |
Liabilities assumed: |
Deposits | (1,616,073 | )
Borrowings | (127,747 | )
Other liabilities | (11,752 | )
Total liabilities assumed | (1,755,572 | )
Net assets acquired | $ | 287,327 |
Goodwill recorded in the merger | $ | 187,603 |

The calculation of goodwill is subject to change for up to one year after the date of acquisition as additional information relative to the closing date estimates and uncertainties become available. As the Company finalizes its review of the acquired assets and liabilities, certain adjustments to the recorded carrying values may be required.
Supplemental Pro Forma Financial Information
The following table presents the unaudited condensed pro forma financial information assuming the Sun acquisition had been completed as of January 1, 2018 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and as of January 1, 2017 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The table below has been prepared for comparative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the actual results that would have been attained had the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of the periods presented, nor is it indicative of future results. Furthermore, the unaudited pro forma information does not reflect management’s estimate of any revenue-enhancing opportunities nor anticipated cost savings or the impact of conforming certain accounting policies of the acquired company to the Company’s policies that may have occurred as a result of the integration and consolidation of Sun’s operations. The pro forma information shown reflects adjustments related to certain purchase accounting fair value adjustments; amortization of core deposit and other intangibles; and related income tax effects.

(in thousands) | Pro forma Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 |  | Pro forma Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Net interest income | $ | 184,887 |  |  | $ | 181,572 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,984 |  |  | 2,199 |
Non-interest income | 26,894 |  |  | 29,590 |
Non-interest expense | 164,538 |  |  | 146,154 |
Net income | $ | 35,575 |  |  | $ | 45,027 |
Fully diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.74 |  |  | $ | 0.93 |

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Fair Value Measurement of Assets Assumed and Liabilities Assumed
The methods used to determine the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Sun acquisition were as follows. Refer to Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for a discussion of the fair value hierarchy.
Securities
The estimated fair values of the securities were calculated utilizing Level 2 inputs. The securities acquired are bought and sold in active markets. Prices for these instruments were obtained through security industry sources that actively participate in the buying and selling of securities.
Loans
The acquired loan portfolio was valued utilizing Level 3 inputs and included the use of present value techniques employing cash flow estimates and incorporated assumptions that marketplace participants would use in estimating fair values. In instances where reliable market information was not available, the Company used its own assumptions in an effort to determine reasonable fair value. Specifically, the Company utilized three separate fair value analyses which a market participant would employ in estimating the total fair value adjustment. The three separate fair valuation methodologies used were: 1) interest rate loan fair value analysis; 2) general credit fair value adjustment; and 3) specific credit fair value adjustment.
To prepare the interest rate fair value analysis, loans were grouped by characteristics such as loan type, term, collateral and rate. Market rates for similar loans were obtained from various external data sources and reviewed by Company management for reasonableness. The average of these rates was used as the fair value interest rate a market participant would utilize. A present value approach was utilized to calculate the interest rate fair value adjustment.
The general credit fair value adjustment was calculated using a two part general credit fair value analysis: 1) expected lifetime losses and 2) estimated fair value adjustment for qualitative factors. The expected lifetime losses were calculated using an average of historical losses of the acquired bank. The adjustment related to qualitative factors was impacted by general economic conditions and the risk related to lack of experience with the originator’s underwriting process.
To calculate the specific credit fair value adjustment, the Company reviewed the acquired loan portfolio for loans meeting the definition of an impaired loan with deteriorated credit quality. Loans meeting these criteria were reviewed by comparing the contractual cash flows to expected collectible cash flows. The aggregate expected cash flows less the acquisition date fair value resulted in an accretable yield amount which will be recognized over the life of the loans on a level yield basis as an adjustment to yield.
Premises and Equipment
Fair values are based upon appraisals from independent third parties. In addition to owned properties, Sun operated twenty-one properties subject to lease agreements.
Deposits and Core Deposit Premium
Core deposit premium represents the value assigned to non-interest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing checking, money market and saving accounts acquired as part of the acquisition. The core deposit premium value represents the future economic benefit, including the present value of future tax benefits, of the potential cost saving from acquiring the core deposits as part of an acquisition compared to the cost of alternative funding sources and is valued utilizing Level 2 inputs. The core deposit premium totaled $11.9 million for the acquisition of Sun, and is being amortized over its estimated useful life of approximately 10 years using an accelerated method.
Time deposits are not considered to be core deposits as they are assumed to have a low expected average life upon acquisition. The fair value of time deposits represents the present value of the expected contractual payments discounted by market rates for similar time deposits and is valued utilizing Level 2 inputs.
Borrowings
Fair value estimates are based on discounting contractual cash flows using rates which approximate the rates offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 3. Earnings per Share
The following reconciles shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Weighted average shares outstanding | 48,337 |  |  | 32,545 |  |  | 46,913 |  |  | 32,456 |
Less: Unallocated ESOP shares | (546 | ) |  | (306 | ) |  | (401 | ) |  | (315 | )
Unallocated incentive award shares and shares held by deferred compensation plan | (106 | ) |  | (55 | ) |  | (61 | ) |  | (68 | )
Average basic shares outstanding | 47,685 |  |  | 32,184 |  |  | 46,451 |  |  | 32,073 |
Add: Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Incentive awards and shares held by deferred compensation plan | 887 |  |  | 922 |  |  | 952 |  |  | 1,037 |
Average diluted shares outstanding | 48,572 |  |  | 33,106 |  |  | 47,403 |  |  | 33,110 |

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, antidilutive stock options of 463,000 and 476,000, respectively, were excluded from earnings per share calculations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, antidilutive stock options of 464,000 and 244,000, respectively, were excluded from earnings per share calculations.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 4. Securities
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, are as follows (in thousands):

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
At September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities - U.S. agency obligations | $ | 100,450 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1,577 | ) |  | $ | 98,873 |
Mortgage-backed securities - FNMA | 1,153 |  |  | — |  |  | (11 | ) |  | 1,142 |
Total debt securities available-for-sale | $ | 101,603 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1,588 | ) |  | $ | 100,015 |
Debt securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. agency obligations | $ | 14,974 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (192 | ) |  | $ | 14,782 |
State and municipal obligations | 134,988 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,885 | ) |  | 132,103 |
Corporate debt securities | 64,819 |  |  | 921 |  |  | (3,035 | ) |  | 62,705 |
Total investment securities | 214,781 |  |  | 921 |  |  | (6,112 | ) |  | 209,590 |
Mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLMC | 249,884 |  |  | 45 |  |  | (8,126 | ) |  | 241,803 |
FNMA | 289,210 |  |  | 755 |  |  | (9,382 | ) |  | 280,583 |
GNMA | 130,847 |  |  | 176 |  |  | (2,858 | ) |  | 128,165 |
SBA | 4,126 |  |  | — |  |  | (94 | ) |  | 4,032 |
Total mortgage-backed securities | 674,067 |  |  | 976 |  |  | (20,460 | ) |  | 654,583 |
Total debt securities held-to-maturity | $ | 888,848 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | (26,572 | ) |  | $ | 864,173 |
Total debt securities | $ | 990,451 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | (28,160 | ) |  | $ | 964,188 |
At December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities - U.S. agency obligations | $ | 82,378 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (797 | ) |  | $ | 81,581 |
Debt securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. agency obligations | $ | 14,968 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (65 | ) |  | $ | 14,903 |
State and municipal obligations | 149,958 |  |  | 219 |  |  | (1,475 | ) |  | 148,702 |
Corporate debt securities | 76,024 |  |  | 312 |  |  | (3,962 | ) |  | 72,374 |
Total investment securities | 240,950 |  |  | 531 |  |  | (5,502 | ) |  | 235,979 |
Mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLMC | 186,921 |  |  | 151 |  |  | (2,937 | ) |  | 184,135 |
FNMA | 263,103 |  |  | 1,193 |  |  | (3,000 | ) |  | 261,296 |
GNMA | 75,243 |  |  | 64 |  |  | (928 | ) |  | 74,379 |
SBA | 5,843 |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,871 |
Total mortgage-backed securities | 531,110 |  |  | 1,436 |  |  | (6,865 | ) |  | 525,681 |
Total debt securities held-to-maturity | $ | 772,060 |  |  | $ | 1,967 |  |  | $ | (12,367 | ) |  | $ | 761,660 |
Total debt securities | $ | 854,438 |  |  | $ | 1,967 |  |  | $ | (13,164 | ) |  | $ | 843,241 |

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
During the third quarter 2013, the Bank transferred $536.0 million of previously designated available-for-sale securities to a held-to-maturity designation at estimated fair value. The securities transferred had an unrealized net loss of $13.3 million at the time of transfer which continues to be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheet, net of subsequent amortization, which is being recognized over the life of the securities. The carrying value of the debt securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, is as follows (in thousands):

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Amortized cost | $ | 888,848 |  |  | $ | 772,060 |
Net loss on date of transfer from available-for-sale | (13,347 | ) |  | (13,347 | )
Accretion of net unrealized loss on securities reclassified as held-to-maturity | 8,039 |  |  | 5,349 |
Carrying value | $ | 883,540 |  |  | $ | 764,062 |

Realized gains were $0 and $248,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and there were no realized gains or losses on the sale of securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities at September 30, 2018 by contractual maturity are shown below (in thousands). Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities in instances where issuers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. At September 30, 2018, corporate debt securities with an amortized cost of $53.8 million and estimated fair value of $51.8 million were callable prior to the maturity date.

September 30, 2018 | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Less than one year | $ | 56,753 |  |  | $ | 56,522 |
Due after one year through five years | 156,879 |  |  | 153,904 |
Due after five years through ten years | 90,804 |  |  | 86,373 |
Due after ten years | 10,795 |  |  | 11,664 |
| $ | 315,231 |  |  | $ | 308,463 |

Mortgage-backed securities are excluded from the above table since their effective lives are expected to be shorter than the contractual maturity date due to principal prepayments.
The estimated fair value of securities pledged as required security for deposits and for other purposes required by law amounted to $578.5 million and $466.4 million, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, including $76.8 million and $58.0 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, pledged as collateral for securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The estimated fair value and unrealized losses of debt securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, segregated by the duration of the unrealized losses, are as follows (in thousands):

| At September 30, 2018
| Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or longer |  | Total
| Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities - U.S. agency obligations | $ | 57,252 |  |  | $ | (675 | ) |  | $ | 41,621 |  |  | $ | (902 | ) |  | $ | 98,873 |  |  | $ | (1,577 | )
Mortgage-backed securities - FNMA | 1,142 |  |  | (11 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,142 |  |  | (11 | )
Total debt securities available-for-sale | 58,394 |  |  | (686 | ) |  | 41,621 |  |  | (902 | ) |  | 100,015 |  |  | (1,588 | )
Debt securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. agency obligations | 9,835 |  |  | (129 | ) |  | 4,947 |  |  | (63 | ) |  | 14,782 |  |  | (192 | )
State and municipal obligations | 52,779 |  |  | (744 | ) |  | 67,500 |  |  | (2,141 | ) |  | 120,279 |  |  | (2,885 | )
Corporate debt securities | 4,903 |  |  | (68 | ) |  | 41,583 |  |  | (2,967 | ) |  | 46,486 |  |  | (3,035 | )
Total investment securities | 67,517 |  |  | (941 | ) |  | 114,030 |  |  | (5,171 | ) |  | 181,547 |  |  | (6,112 | )
Mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLMC | 125,973 |  |  | (2,463 | ) |  | 112,290 |  |  | (5,663 | ) |  | 238,263 |  |  | (8,126 | )
FNMA | 120,922 |  |  | (3,594 | ) |  | 112,293 |  |  | (5,788 | ) |  | 233,215 |  |  | (9,382 | )
GNMA | 52,813 |  |  | (1,042 | ) |  | 51,237 |  |  | (1,816 | ) |  | 104,050 |  |  | (2,858 | )
SBA | 4,032 |  |  | (94 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,032 |  |  | (94 | )
Total mortgage-backed securities | 303,740 |  |  | (7,193 | ) |  | 275,820 |  |  | (13,267 | ) |  | 579,560 |  |  | (20,460 | )
Total debt securities held-to-maturity | 371,257 |  |  | (8,134 | ) |  | 389,850 |  |  | (18,438 | ) |  | 761,107 |  |  | (26,572 | )
Total debt securities | $ | 429,651 |  |  | $ | (8,820 | ) |  | $ | 431,471 |  |  | $ | (19,340 | ) |  | $ | 861,122 |  |  | $ | (28,160 | )
| At December 31, 2017
| Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or longer |  | Total
| Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities - U.S. agency obligations | $ | 69,375 |  |  | $ | (496 | ) |  | $ | 12,206 |  |  | $ | (301 | ) |  | $ | 81,581 |  |  | $ | (797 | )
Debt securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. agency obligations | 14,903 |  |  | (65 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,903 |  |  | (65 | )
State and municipal obligations | 104,883 |  |  | (1,153 | ) |  | 14,363 |  |  | (322 | ) |  | 119,246 |  |  | (1,475 | )
Corporate debt securities | 4,035 |  |  | (30 | ) |  | 56,106 |  |  | (3,932 | ) |  | 60,141 |  |  | (3,962 | )
Total investment securities | 123,821 |  |  | (1,248 | ) |  | 70,469 |  |  | (4,254 | ) |  | 194,290 |  |  | (5,502 | )
Mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLMC | 98,138 |  |  | (781 | ) |  | 68,238 |  |  | (2,156 | ) |  | 166,376 |  |  | (2,937 | )
FNMA | 132,982 |  |  | (1,058 | ) |  | 65,060 |  |  | (1,942 | ) |  | 198,042 |  |  | (3,000 | )
GNMA | 26,105 |  |  | (223 | ) |  | 45,281 |  |  | (705 | ) |  | 71,386 |  |  | (928 | )
Total mortgage-backed securities | 257,225 |  |  | (2,062 | ) |  | 178,579 |  |  | (4,803 | ) |  | 435,804 |  |  | (6,865 | )
Total debt securities held-to-maturity | 381,046 |  |  | (3,310 | ) |  | 249,048 |  |  | (9,057 | ) |  | 630,094 |  |  | (12,367 | )
Total debt securities | $ | 450,421 |  |  | $ | (3,806 | ) |  | $ | 261,254 |  |  | $ | (9,358 | ) |  | $ | 711,675 |  |  | $ | (13,164 | )

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
At September 30, 2018, the amortized cost, estimated fair value and credit rating of the individual corporate debt securities in an unrealized loss position for greater than one year are as follows (in thousands):

Security Description | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Credit Rating Moody’s/ S&P
Chase Capital | $ | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 9,350 |  |  | Baa2/BBB-
Wells Fargo Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,650 |  |  | A1/BBB
Huntington Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,525 |  |  | Baa2/BB+
Keycorp Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,600 |  |  | Baa2/BB+
PNC Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,678 |  |  | Baa1/BBB-
State Street Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | A3/BBB
SunTrust Capital | 5,000 |  |  | 4,625 |  |  | Not Rated/BB+
Southern Company | 1,516 |  |  | 1,485 |  |  | Baa2/BBB+
AT&T Inc. | 1,510 |  |  | 1,480 |  |  | Baa2/BBB
Celgene | 1,524 |  |  | 1,490 |  |  | Baa2/BBB+
| $ | 44,550 |  |  | $ | 41,583 |  |  |

At September 30, 2018, the estimated fair value of each of the above corporate debt securities was below cost. The Company concluded that these corporate debt securities were only temporarily impaired at September 30, 2018. In concluding that the impairments were only temporary, the Company considered several factors in its analysis. The Company noted that each issuer made all the contractually due payments when required. There were no defaults on principal or interest payments and no interest payments were deferred. Based on management’s analysis of each individual security, the issuers appear to have the ability to meet debt service requirements over the life of the security. Furthermore, the Company does not intend to sell these corporate debt securities and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities. Historically, the Company has not utilized securities sales as a source of liquidity. The Company’s long range liquidity plans indicate adequate sources of liquidity outside the securities portfolio.
The mortgage-backed securities are issued and guaranteed by either the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), or the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), corporations which are chartered by the United States Government and whose debt obligations are typically rated AA+ by one of the internationally-recognized credit rating services. The Company considers the unrealized losses to be the result of changes in interest rates which over time can have both a positive and negative impact on the estimated fair value of the mortgage-backed securities. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost. As a result, the Company concluded that these securities were only temporarily impaired at September 30, 2018.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 5. Loans Receivable, Net
Loans receivable, net at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 consisted of the following (in thousands):

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Commercial: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 342,555 |  |  | $ | 187,645 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 734,720 |  |  | 569,497 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 2,011,897 |  |  | 1,186,302 |
Total commercial | 3,089,172 |  |  | 1,943,444 |
Consumer: |  |  |
Residential real estate | 2,019,918 |  |  | 1,748,590 |
Home equity loans and lines | 358,728 |  |  | 281,143 |
Other consumer | 74,555 |  |  | 1,225 |
Total consumer | 2,453,201 |  |  | 2,030,958 |
| 5,542,373 |  |  | 3,974,402 |
Purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans | 9,700 |  |  | 1,712 |
Total Loans | 5,552,073 |  |  | 3,976,114 |
Deferred origination costs, net | 8,707 |  |  | 5,380 |
Allowance for loan losses | (16,821 | ) |  | (15,721 | )
Total loans, net | $ | 5,543,959 |  |  | $ | 3,965,773 |

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, loans in the amount of $19.2 million and $20.9 million, respectively, were three or more months delinquent or in the process of foreclosure and the Company was not accruing interest income on these loans. At September 30, 2018, there were no loans that were ninety days or greater past due and still accruing interest. Non-accrual loans include both smaller balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.
The recorded investment in mortgage and consumer loans collateralized by residential real estate, which are in the process of foreclosure, amounted to $2.1 million at September 30, 2018. The amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the Company was $447,000 at September 30, 2018.
The Company defines an impaired loan as non-accrual commercial real estate, multi-family, land, construction and commercial loans in excess of $250,000. Impaired loans also include all loans modified as troubled debt restructurings. At September 30, 2018, the impaired loan portfolio totaled $33.1 million for which there was no specific allocation in the allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2017, the impaired loan portfolio totaled $47.0 million for which there was no specific allocation in the allowance for loan losses. The average balance of impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $32.9 million and $39.2 million, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $43.1 million and $38.0 million, respectively.
An analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 16,691 |  |  | $ | 16,557 |  |  | $ | 15,721 |  |  | $ | 15,183 |
Provision charged to operations | 907 |  |  | 1,165 |  |  | 2,984 |  |  | 3,030 |
Charge-offs | (891 | ) |  | (1,357 | ) |  | (2,708 | ) |  | (2,861 | )
Recoveries | 114 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 824 |  |  | 1,232 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 16,821 |  |  | $ | 16,584 |  |  | $ | 16,821 |  |  | $ | 16,584 |

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Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The following table presents an analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate – Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate – Investor |  | Residential Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total
For the three months ended September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 2,080 |  |  | $ | 2,340 |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | 2,126 |  |  | $ | 526 |  |  | $ | 561 |  |  | $ | 16,691 |
Provision (benefit) charged to operations | (520 | ) |  | 187 |  |  | 661 |  |  | 578 |  |  | 57 |  |  | (56 | ) |  | 907 |
Charge-offs | (146 | ) |  | — |  |  | (138 | ) |  | (535 | ) |  | (72 | ) |  | — |  |  | (891 | )
Recoveries | 28 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 1,442 |  |  | $ | 2,528 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 2,226 |  |  | $ | 530 |  |  | $ | 505 |  |  | $ | 16,821 |
For the three months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 2,253 |  |  | $ | 3,097 |  |  | $ | 8,367 |  |  | $ | 1,492 |  |  | $ | 930 |  |  | $ | 418 |  |  | $ | 16,557 |
Provision (benefit) charged to operations | (180 | ) |  | 119 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 1,465 |  |  | (122 | ) |  | (198 | ) |  | 1,165 |
Charge-offs | (6 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,284 | ) |  | (67 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,357 | )
Recoveries | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 219 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 2,117 |  |  | $ | 3,216 |  |  | $ | 8,472 |  |  | $ | 1,801 |  |  | $ | 758 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | 16,584 |
For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 1,801 |  |  | $ | 3,175 |  |  | $ | 7,952 |  |  | $ | 1,804 |  |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 15,721 |
Provision (benefit) charged to operations | (238 | ) |  | (734 | ) |  | 2,706 |  |  | 1,079 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 2,984 |
Charge-offs | (202 | ) |  | (91 | ) |  | (1,239 | ) |  | (936 | ) |  | (240 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,708 | )
Recoveries | 81 |  |  | 178 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 279 |  |  | 115 |  |  | — |  |  | 824 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 1,442 |  |  | $ | 2,528 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 2,226 |  |  | $ | 530 |  |  | $ | 505 |  |  | $ | 16,821 |
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 2,037 |  |  | $ | 2,999 |  |  | $ | 6,361 |  |  | $ | 2,245 |  |  | $ | 1,110 |  |  | $ | 431 |  |  | $ | 15,183 |
Provision (benefit) charged to operations | (221 | ) |  | 167 |  |  | 2,164 |  |  | 1,477 |  |  | (346 | ) |  | (211 | ) |  | 3,030 |
Charge-offs | (94 | ) |  | (73 | ) |  | (84 | ) |  | (2,485 | ) |  | (125 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,861 | )
Recoveries | 395 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 564 |  |  | 119 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,232 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 2,117 |  |  | $ | 3,216 |  |  | $ | 8,472 |  |  | $ | 1,801 |  |  | $ | 758 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | 16,584 |
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending allowance balance attributed to loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,442 |  |  | 2,528 |  |  | 9,590 |  |  | 2,226 |  |  | 530 |  |  | 505 |  |  | 16,821 |
Total ending allowance balance | $ | 1,442 |  |  | $ | 2,528 |  |  | $ | 9,590 |  |  | $ | 2,226 |  |  | $ | 530 |  |  | $ | 505 |  |  | $ | 16,821 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,738 |  |  | $ | 5,446 |  |  | $ | 12,760 |  |  | $ | 10,454 |  |  | $ | 2,690 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 33,088 |
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment | 340,817 |  |  | 729,274 |  |  | 1,999,137 |  |  | 2,009,464 |  |  | 430,593 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,509,285 |
Total ending loan balance | $ | 342,555 |  |  | $ | 734,720 |  |  | $ | 2,011,897 |  |  | $ | 2,019,918 |  |  | $ | 433,283 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,542,373 |

31

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

| Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate – Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate – Investor |  | Residential Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending allowance balance attributed to loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,801 |  |  | 3,175 |  |  | 7,952 |  |  | 1,804 |  |  | 614 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 15,721 |
Total ending allowance balance | $ | 1,801 |  |  | $ | 3,175 |  |  | $ | 7,952 |  |  | $ | 1,804 |  |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 15,721 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 864 |  |  | $ | 15,132 |  |  | $ | 17,923 |  |  | $ | 10,605 |  |  | $ | 2,464 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 46,988 |
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment | 186,781 |  |  | 554,365 |  |  | 1,168,379 |  |  | 1,737,985 |  |  | 279,904 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,927,414 |
Total ending loan balance | $ | 187,645 |  |  | $ | 569,497 |  |  | $ | 1,186,302 |  |  | $ | 1,748,590 |  |  | $ | 282,368 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,974,402 |

A summary of impaired loans at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, is as follows, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Impaired loans with no allocated allowance for loan losses | $ | 33,088 |  |  | $ | 46,988 |
Impaired loans with allocated allowance for loan losses | — |  |  | — |
| $ | 33,088 |  |  | $ | 46,988 |
Amount of the allowance for loan losses allocated | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

At September 30, 2018, impaired loans included troubled debt restructured (“TDR”) loans of $27.8 million, of which $24.2 million were performing in accordance with their restructured terms for a minimum of six months and were accruing interest. At December 31, 2017, impaired loans included TDR loans of $42.1 million, of which $33.3 million were performing in accordance with their restructured terms for a minimum of six months and were accruing interest.
32

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The summary of loans individually evaluated for impairment by loan portfolio segment as of September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, is as follows, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Allowance for Loan Losses Allocated
As of September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 1,824 |  |  | $ | 1,738 |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 5,459 |  |  | 5,446 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | 15,290 |  |  | 12,760 |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | 10,828 |  |  | 10,454 |  |  | — |
Consumer | 3,009 |  |  | 2,690 |  |  | — |
| $ | 36,410 |  |  | $ | 33,088 |  |  | $ | — |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
As of December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 895 |  |  | $ | 864 |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 15,832 |  |  | 15,132 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | 19,457 |  |  | 17,923 |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | 10,951 |  |  | 10,605 |  |  | — |
Consumer | 2,941 |  |  | 2,464 |  |  | — |
| $ | 50,076 |  |  | $ | 46,988 |  |  | $ | — |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

33

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

| Three Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 982 |  |  | $ | 69 |  |  | $ | 908 |  |  | $ | 26 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 5,484 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 11,217 |  |  | 335 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 12,191 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 11,147 |  |  | 240 |
Residential real estate | 10,741 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 12,791 |  |  | 128 |
Consumer | 2,782 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 2,495 |  |  | 36 |
| $ | 32,180 |  |  | $ | 398 |  |  | $ | 38,558 |  |  | $ | 765 |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 736 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,551 |  |  | 13 |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | 736 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,551 |  |  | $ | 13 |

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2018 |  | 2017
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 906 |  |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 588 |  |  | $ | 50 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 8,978 |  |  | 226 |  |  | 11,080 |  |  | 520 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 14,259 |  |  | 304 |  |  | 6,550 |  |  | 487 |
Residential real estate | 10,873 |  |  | 356 |  |  | 11,009 |  |  | 401 |
Consumer | 2,629 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 2,368 |  |  | 106 |
| $ | 37,645 |  |  | $ | 1,087 |  |  | $ | 31,595 |  |  | $ | 1,564 |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 736 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate – investor | 838 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,233 |  |  | 81 |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,981 |  |  | 62 |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | 148 |  |  | 6 |
| $ | 1,574 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,362 |  |  | $ | 149 |

The following table presents the recorded investment in non-accrual loans by loan portfolio segment as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Commercial and industrial | $ | 1,727 |  |  | $ | 503 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 511 |  |  | 5,962 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 8,082 |  |  | 8,281 |
Residential real estate | 6,390 |  |  | 4,190 |
Consumer | 2,529 |  |  | 1,929 |
| $ | 19,239 |  |  | $ | 20,865 |

34

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 by loan portfolio segment, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Greater than 90 Days Past Due |  | Total Past Due |  | Loans Not Past Due |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  | $ | 342,435 |  |  | $ | 342,555 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 3,433 |  |  | 876 |  |  | 197 |  |  | 4,506 |  |  | 730,214 |  |  | 734,720 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 2,788 |  |  | 666 |  |  | 7,938 |  |  | 11,392 |  |  | 2,000,505 |  |  | 2,011,897 |
Residential real estate | 11,674 |  |  | 6,462 |  |  | 3,567 |  |  | 21,703 |  |  | 1,998,215 |  |  | 2,019,918 |
Consumer | 1,720 |  |  | 776 |  |  | 2,120 |  |  | 4,616 |  |  | 428,667 |  |  | 433,283 |
| $ | 19,670 |  |  | $ | 8,817 |  |  | $ | 13,850 |  |  | $ | 42,337 |  |  | $ | 5,500,036 |  |  | $ | 5,542,373 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 2,694 |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 503 |  |  | $ | 3,233 |  |  | $ | 184,412 |  |  | $ | 187,645 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 222 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,402 |  |  | 5,624 |  |  | 563,873 |  |  | 569,497 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 135 |  |  | 1,426 |  |  | 4,507 |  |  | 6,068 |  |  | 1,180,234 |  |  | 1,186,302 |
Residential real estate | 13,197 |  |  | 2,351 |  |  | 3,372 |  |  | 18,920 |  |  | 1,729,670 |  |  | 1,748,590 |
Consumer | 1,067 |  |  | 310 |  |  | 1,687 |  |  | 3,064 |  |  | 279,304 |  |  | 282,368 |
| $ | 17,315 |  |  | $ | 4,123 |  |  | $ | 15,471 |  |  | $ | 36,909 |  |  | $ | 3,937,493 |  |  | $ | 3,974,402 |

The Company categorizes all commercial and commercial real estate loans, except for small business loans, into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Pass: Loans classified as Pass are well protected by the paying capacity and net worth of the borrower.
Special Mention: Loans classified as Special Mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Bank’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard: Loans classified as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful: Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.
As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by loan portfolio segment follows, excluding PCI loans (in thousands) is as follows:

| Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 330,996 |  |  | $ | 423 |  |  | $ | 11,136 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 342,555 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 709,902 |  |  | 2,202 |  |  | 22,616 |  |  | — |  |  | 734,720 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1,955,483 |  |  | 23,180 |  |  | 33,234 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,011,897 |
| $ | 2,996,381 |  |  | $ | 25,805 |  |  | $ | 66,986 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,089,172 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 181,438 |  |  | $ | 3,153 |  |  | $ | 3,054 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 187,645 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 546,569 |  |  | 4,337 |  |  | 18,591 |  |  | — |  |  | 569,497 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1,146,630 |  |  | 14,644 |  |  | 25,028 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,186,302 |
| $ | 1,874,637 |  |  | $ | 22,134 |  |  | $ | 46,673 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,943,444 |

35

Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
For residential and consumer loan classes, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following table presents the recorded investment in residential and consumer loans based on payment activity as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, excluding PCI loans (in thousands):

| Residential |  | Consumer
September 30, 2018 |  |  |
Performing | $ | 2,013,528 |  |  | $ | 430,754 |
Non-performing | 6,390 |  |  | 2,529 |
| $ | 2,019,918 |  |  | $ | 433,283 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |
Performing | $ | 1,744,400 |  |  | $ | 280,439 |
Non-performing | 4,190 |  |  | 1,929 |
| $ | 1,748,590 |  |  | $ | 282,368 |

The Company classifies certain loans as troubled debt restructurings when credit terms to a borrower in financial difficulty are modified. The modifications may include a reduction in rate, an extension in term, the capitalization of past due amounts and/or the restructuring of scheduled principal payments. One-to-four family and consumer loans where the borrower’s debt is discharged in a bankruptcy filing are also considered troubled debt restructurings. For these loans, the Bank retains its security interest in the real estate collateral. Included in the non-accrual loan total at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, were $3.6 million and $8.8 million, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no specific reserves allocated to loans that are classified as troubled debt restructurings. Non-accrual loans which become troubled debt restructurings are generally returned to accrual status after six months of performance. In addition to the troubled debt restructurings included in non-accrual loans, the Company also has loans classified as accruing troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, which totaled $24.2 million and $33.3 million, respectively. Troubled debt restructurings are considered in the allowance for loan losses similar to other impaired loans.
The following table presents information about troubled debt restructurings which occurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and troubled debt restructurings modified within the previous year and which defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands):

| Number of Loans |  | Pre-modification Recorded Investment |  | Post-modification Recorded Investment
Three months ended September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |
Troubled Debt Restructurings: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 1 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 50 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 210 |

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings |  |  |
Which Subsequently Defaulted: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,820 |
Consumer | 1 |  |  | 30 |

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Table of Contents
OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

| Number of Loans |  | Pre-modification Recorded Investment |  | Post-modification Recorded Investment
Nine months ended September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |
Troubled Debt Restructurings: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 2 |  |  | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | 502 |
Commercial real estate – owner occupied | 1 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 50 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 3 |  |  | 1,395 |  |  | 1,435 |
Residential real estate | 2 |  |  | 257 |  |  | 270 |

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings |  |  |
Which Subsequently Defaulted: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,820 |
Consumer | 1 |  |  | 30 |

| Number of Loans |  | Pre-modification Recorded Investment |  | Post-modification Recorded Investment
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Troubled Debt Restructurings: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 1 |  |  | $ | 700 |  |  | $ | 700 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 1 |  |  | 700 |  |  | 700 |
Residential real estate | 2 |  |  | 328 |  |  | 357 |

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings |  |  |
Which Subsequently Defaulted: | None |  |  | None |

| Number of Loans |  | Pre-modification Recorded Investment |  | Post-modification Recorded Investment
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Troubled Debt Restructurings: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 1 |  |  | $ | 665 |  |  | $ | 665 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 4 |  |  | 3,309 |  |  | 3,309 |
Commercial real estate – investor | 4 |  |  | 6,362 |  |  | 6,484 |
Residential real estate | 6 |  |  | 1,354 |  |  | 1,356 |

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings |  |  |
Which Subsequently Defaulted: | None |  |  | None |

As part of the Sun acquisition, PCI loans were acquired at a discount primarily due to deteriorated credit quality. PCI loans are accounted for at fair value, based upon the present value of expected future cash flows, with no related allowance for loan losses.
The following table presents information regarding the estimates of the contractually required payments, the cash flows expected to be collected and the estimated fair value of the PCI loans acquired from Sun at January 31, 2018 (in thousands):

| Sun January 31, 2018
Contractually required principal and interest | $ | 22,556 |
Contractual cash flows not expected to be collected (non-accretable discount) | (6,115 | )
Expected cash flows to be collected at acquisition | 16,441 |
Interest component of expected cash flows (accretable yield) | (3,535 | )
Fair value of acquired loans | $ | 12,906 |

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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The following table summarizes the changes in accretable yield for PCI loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Beginning balance | $ | 2,300 |  |  | $ | 161 |  |  | $ | 1,465 |  |  | $ | 749 |
Acquisition | — |  |  | 2,646 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Accretion | (368 | ) |  | (1,459 | ) |  | (328 | ) |  | (642 | )
Reclassification from non-accretable difference | 470 |  |  | 1,054 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 1,043 |
Ending balance | $ | 2,402 |  |  | $ | 2,402 |  |  | $ | 1,150 |  |  | $ | 1,150 |

Note 6. Deposits
The major types of deposits at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

Type of Account | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Non-interest-bearing | $ | 1,196,875 |  |  | $ | 756,513 |
Interest-bearing checking | 2,332,215 |  |  | 1,954,358 |
Money market deposit | 584,250 |  |  | 363,656 |
Savings | 887,799 |  |  | 661,167 |
Time deposits | 853,111 |  |  | 607,104 |
Total deposits | $ | 5,854,250 |  |  | $ | 4,342,798 |

Included in time deposits at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, is $119.4 million and $84.9 million, respectively, in deposits of $250,000 and over.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 7. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU” or “Update”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” and subsequent related Updates modifies the guidance used to recognize revenue from contracts with customers for transfers of goods or services and transfers of nonfinancial assets, unless those contracts are within the scope of other guidance. The Updates also require new qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including disaggregation of revenues and descriptions of performance obligations. The amendments in this update were effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 and all subsequent amendments to the ASU (collectively, “ASC 606”).
The majority of the Company’s revenues are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as interest and dividend income, including loans and securities, as these activities are subject to other U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). Revenue generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606 are presented within non-interest income and are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies its obligation to the customer. Descriptions of revenue generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, which are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income as components of other income are as follows:

• | Bankcard services revenue - The Company generates other non-interest income from Bankcard services, which includes interchange revenue and merchant services revenue. The calculation of the revenue collected is based on customer transactions, which do not have a fixed duration. When there is a transaction, the performance obligation is fulfilled. The Company recognizes revenue per underlying transaction and recognizes the revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time.

• | Wealth management revenue - The Company provides customers with sound financial solutions and comprehensive wealth management products. Wealth management accounts earn minimum annual fees and may earn additional fees and service charges. Fees and service charges from wealth management accounts may include numerous fees such as Bill Pay fees, extraordinary service fees, unique asset fees, and transaction fees. The Company will recognize the fee when received because the Company provided the service to its customer at that time, and has no future performance obligation. Therefore, each month the Company will accrue and recognize the monthly portion of the minimum annual fee as a result of providing advisory services. If a customer utilizes additional services such as a wire transfer or bill pay, or any other advisory service outlined in their respective agreements, the Company will recognize revenue at that time, since there are no future performance obligations during the existing contract.

• | Fees and service charges - The Company has multiple types of deposit accounts that may earn fees and service charges. Fees and service charges from deposit accounts represent general service fees for monthly account maintenance and activity-or-transaction-based fees and consist of transaction-based revenue, time-based revenue (service period), item-based revenue or some other individual attribute-based revenue. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which is generally monthly for account maintenance services or when a transaction has been completed (such as a wire transfer). Payment for such performance obligations are typically received at the time the performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company adopted the ASU using the modified retrospective method as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not result in a change to the accounting for any of the in-scope revenue streams; as such no cumulative effect adjustment was recorded on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10) Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The main objective in developing this new ASU is to enhance the reporting model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more useful information. The update requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. It simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a quantitative assessment to identify impairment. The amendment eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. It requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. Financial assets and financial liabilities are to be presented separately by measurement category and the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities should be evaluated with other deferred tax assets. The amendments in this update were effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU in its entirety on January 1, 2018, and has appropriately reflected the changes throughout the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The adoption of this ASU resulted in an impact to retained earnings and other comprehensive income of $147,000.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU requires all lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset, measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, at the lease commencement date. Lessor accounting remains largely unchanged under the new guidance. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective approach must be applied for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact that the guidance will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company has begun its evaluation of the amended guidance including the potential impact on its consolidated financial statements. To date, the Company has identified its leased real estate as within the scope of the guidance and continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance, including determining whether other contracts exist that are deemed to be in scope. The Company expects total assets and total liabilities will increase by similar amounts. Further, to date, no guidance has been issued by either the Company’s or the Bank’s primary regulator with respect to how the impact of the amended standard is to be treated for regulatory capital purposes.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that aren’t measured at fair value through net income. The standard will replace today’s “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” model. The new model, referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model, will apply to: (1) financial assets subject to credit losses and measured at amortized cost, and (2) certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. This includes, but is not limited to, loans, leases, held-to-maturity securities, loan commitments, and financial guarantees. The CECL model does not apply to available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities. For AFS debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to what they do today, except that the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. As a result, entities will recognize improvements to estimated credit losses immediately in earnings rather than as interest income over time, as they do today. The ASU also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. ASU 2016-13 also expands the disclosure requirements regarding an entity’s assumptions, models, and methods for estimating the allowance for loan and lease losses. In addition, entities will need to disclose the amortized cost balance for each class of financial asset by credit quality indicator, disaggregated by the year of origination. ASU No. 2016-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019; early adoption is permitted for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (i.e., modified retrospective approach). The Company has begun its evaluation of the amended guidance including the potential impact on its consolidated financial statements. As a result of the required change in approach toward determining estimated credit losses from the current “incurred loss” model to one based on estimated cash flows over a loan’s contractual life, adjusted for prepayments (a “life of loan” model), the Company expects that the new guidance will result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses, particularly for longer duration loan portfolios. The Company also expects that the new guidance may result in an allowance for debt securities. In both cases, the extent of the change is indeterminable at this time as it will be dependent upon portfolio composition and credit quality at the adoption date, as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” This ASU narrows the definition of a business and clarifies that, to be considered a business, the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) may not be substantially all concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar assets. In addition, in order to be considered a business, a set of activities and assets must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017; early adoption was permitted on a limited basis. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” This ASU intends to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill, eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The ASU also eliminates the requirement for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment. ASU No. 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019; early adoption is permitted for annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of this update will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20) - Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.” This ASU requires the amortization of premiums to the earliest call date on debt securities with call features that are explicit, noncontingent and callable at fixed prices and on preset dates. This ASU does not impact securities held as a discount, as the discount continues to be amortized to the contractual maturity. The guidance is
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The amendments in this ASU was issued to better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. As a result, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. Current GAAP contains limitations on how an entity can designate the hedged risk in certain cash flow and fair value hedging relationships. To address those current limitations, the amendments in this ASU permit hedge accounting for risk components in hedging relationships involving nonfinancial risk and interest rate risk. In addition, the amendments in this ASU change the guidance for designating fair value hedges of interest rate risk and for measuring the change in fair value of the hedged item in fair value hedges of interest rate risk. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not enter into derivatives that are designated as hedging instruments and as such, the adoption of this ASU is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) - Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This ASU was issued to address a narrow-scope financial reporting issue that arose as a result of the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform”) on December 22, 2017. The objective of ASU 2018-02 is to address the tax effects of items within accumulated other comprehensive income (referred to as “stranded tax effects”) that do not reflect the appropriate tax rate enacted in the Tax Reform. As a result, the ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the newly enacted federal corporate income tax rate. The amount of the reclassification would be the difference between the historical corporate income tax rate of 35 percent and the newly enacted corporate income tax rate of 21 percent. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments in this ASU may be applied retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. Federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Reform is recognized. The Company has early adopted ASU 2018-02 for the year ended December 31, 2017, and has elected not to reclassify the income tax effects of the Tax Reform from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” This ASU updates the disclosure requirements on Fair Value measurements by 1) removing: the disclosures for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; 2) modifying: disclosures for timing of liquidation of an investee’s assets and disclosures for uncertainty in measurement as of reporting date; and 3) adding: disclosures for changes in unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income for recurring level 3 fair value measurements and disclosures for the range and weighted average of the significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted to any removed or modified disclosures and delay adoption of additional disclosures until the effective date. With the exception of the following, which should be applied prospectively, disclosures relating to changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the disclosures for uncertainty measurement, all other changes should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon the effective date. The adoption of this update will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 8. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The price in the principal (or the most advantageous) market used to measure the fair value of the asset or liability shall not be adjusted for transaction costs. An orderly transaction is a transaction that assumes exposure to the market for a period prior to the measurement date to allow for marketing activities that are usual and customary for transactions involving such assets and liabilities; it is not a forced transaction. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i) independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact and (iv) willing to transact.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and/or the cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets and liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts, such as cash flows or earnings, to a single present amount on a discounted basis. The cost approach is based on the amount that currently would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement costs). Valuation techniques should be consistently applied. Inputs to valuation techniques refer to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Inputs may be observable, meaning those that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, or unobservable, meaning those that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. In that regard, a fair value hierarchy has been established for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. Movements within the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the end of the applicable reporting period. There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1 Inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (for example, interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlations or other means.
Level 3 Inputs – Significant unobservable inputs that reflect an entity’s own assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).
Debt Securities Available-For-Sale
Debt securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value. Fair value for these debt securities is determined using inputs other than quoted prices that are based on market observable information (Level 2). Level 2 debt securities are priced through third-party pricing services or security industry sources that actively participate in the buying and selling of securities. Prices obtained from these sources include market quotations and matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used principally to value certain debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but comparing the debt securities to benchmark or comparable debt securities.
Equity Investments
Equity investments are reported at fair value. Fair value for these investments is determined using a quoted price in an active market or exchange (Level 1).
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Interest Rate Swaps
The Company’s interest rate swaps are reported at fair value utilizing models provided by an independent, third-party and observable market data. When entering into an interest rate swap agreement, the Company is exposed to fair value changes due to interest rate movements, and also the potential nonperformance of our contract counterparty.
Other Real Estate Owned and Impaired Loans
Other real estate owned and loans measured for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral are recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated selling costs. Fair value is based on independent appraisals.
The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value (in thousands):

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
| Total Fair Value |  | Level 1 Inputs |  | Level 2 Inputs |  | Level 3 Inputs
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Items measured on a recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale | $ | 100,015 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 100,015 |  |  | $ | — |
Equity investments | 9,519 |  |  | 9,519 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap asset | 557 |  |  | — |  |  | 557 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap liability | 636 |  |  | — |  |  | 636 |  |  | — |
Items measured on a non-recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other real estate owned | 6,231 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,231 |
Loans measured for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral | 13,001 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,001 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Items measured on a recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale | $ | 81,581 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81,581 |  |  | $ | — |
Equity investments | 8,700 |  |  | 8,700 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Items measured on a non-recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other real estate owned | 8,186 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,186 |
Loans measured for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral | 16,496 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,496 |

Assets and Liabilities Disclosed at Fair Value
A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy is set forth below.
Cash and Due from Banks
For cash and due from banks, the carrying amount approximates fair value.
Debt Securities Held-to-Maturity
Debt securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost, as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these debt securities to maturity. The Company determines the fair value of the debt securities utilizing Level 1, Level 2 and, infrequently, Level 3 inputs. In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. Most of the Company’s investment and mortgage-backed securities, however, are fixed income instruments that are not quoted on an exchange, but are bought and sold in active markets. Prices for these instruments are obtained through third-party pricing vendors or security industry sources that actively participate in the buying and selling of debt securities. Prices obtained from these sources include market quotations and matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used principally to value certain debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific debt securities, but comparing the debt securities to benchmark or comparable debt securities.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Management’s policy is to obtain and review all available documentation from the third-party pricing service relating to their fair value determinations, including their methodology and summary of inputs. Management reviews this documentation, makes inquiries of the third-party pricing service and decides as to the level of the valuation inputs. Based on the Company’s review of the available documentation from the third-party pricing service, management concluded that Level 2 inputs were utilized for all securities except for certain state and municipal obligations known as bond anticipation notes (“BANs”) where management utilized Level 3 inputs.
Restricted Equity Investments
The fair value for Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and Federal Reserve Bank stock is its carrying value since this is the amount for which it could be redeemed. There is no active market for this stock and the Company is required to maintain a minimum investment as stipulated by the respective agencies.
Loans
Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as residential mortgage, consumer and commercial. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable rate interest terms.
Fair value of performing and non-performing loans was estimated by discounting the future cash flows, net of estimated prepayments, at a rate for which similar loans would be originated to new borrowers with similar terms.
Deposits Other than Time Deposits
The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as non-interest-bearing demand deposits, savings, and interest-bearing checking accounts and money market accounts is, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand. The related insensitivity of the majority of these deposits to interest rate changes creates a significant inherent value which is not reflected in the fair value reported.
Time Deposits
The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase with Retail Customers
Fair value approximates the carrying amount as these borrowings are payable on demand and the interest rate adjusts monthly.
Borrowed Funds
Fair value estimates are based on discounting contractual cash flows using rates which approximate the rates offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The book value and estimated fair value of the Bank’s significant financial instruments not recorded at fair value as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are presented in the following tables (in thousands):

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
September 30, 2018 | Book Value |  | Level 1 Inputs |  | Level 2 Inputs |  | Level 3 Inputs
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 148,362 |  |  | $ | 148,362 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Debt securities held-to-maturity | 883,540 |  |  | — |  |  | 852,348 |  |  | 11,825 |
Restricted equity investments | 57,143 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57,143 |
Loans receivable, net and loans held-for-sale (1) | 5,544,691 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,464,517 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits other than time deposits | 5,001,139 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,001,139 |  |  | — |
Time deposits | 853,111 |  |  | — |  |  | 836,692 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings | 556,279 |  |  | — |  |  | 559,107 |  |  | — |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase with retail customers | 61,044 |  |  | 61,044 |  |  | — |  |  | — |

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
December 31, 2017 | Book Value |  | Level 1 Inputs |  | Level 2 Inputs |  | Level 3 Inputs
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 109,613 |  |  | $ | 109,613 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Debt securities held-to-maturity | 764,062 |  |  | — |  |  | 751,182 |  |  | 10,478 |
Restricted equity investments | 19,724 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,724 |
Loans receivable, net and loans held-for-sale (1) | 3,966,014 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,962,689 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits other than time deposits | 3,735,694 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,735,694 |  |  | — |
Time deposits | 607,104 |  |  | — |  |  | 599,677 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings | 345,210 |  |  | — |  |  | 341,820 |  |  | — |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase with retail customers | 79,668 |  |  | 79,668 |  |  | — |  |  | — |

(1) In accordance with the prospective adoption of ASU 2016-01, the fair value of loans was measured using the exit price notion as of September 30, 2018. The fair value of loans was measured using the entry price notion as of December 31, 2017.
Limitations
Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because a limited market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other significant unobservable inputs. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Fair value estimates are based on existing balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets or liabilities include premises and equipment, Bank Owned Life Insurance, deferred tax assets and goodwill. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.
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OceanFirst Financial Corp.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 9. Derivatives, Hedging Activities and Other Financial Instruments
The Company enters into derivative financial instruments which involve, to varying degrees, interest rate, market and credit risk. The Company manages these risks as part of its asset and liability management process and through credit policies and procedures, seeking to minimize counterparty credit risk by establishing credit limits and collateral agreements. The Company utilizes certain derivative financial instruments to enhance its ability to manage interest rate risk that exists as part of its ongoing business operations. The derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company are an economic hedge of a derivative offering to Bank customers. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
Customer Derivatives – Interest Rate Swaps
The Company enters into interest rate swaps that allow commercial loan customers to effectively convert a variable-rate commercial loan agreement to a fixed-rate commercial loan agreement. Under these agreements, the Company enters into a variable-rate loan agreement with a customer in addition to an interest rate swap agreement, which serves to effectively swap the customer’s variable-rate loan into a fixed-rate loan. The Company then enters into a corresponding swap agreement with a third party in order to economically hedge its exposure through the customer agreement. The interest rate swaps with both the customers and third parties are not designated as hedges under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and are marked to market through earnings. As the interest rate swaps are structured to offset each other, changes to the underlying benchmark interest rates considered in the valuation of these instruments do not result in an impact to earnings; however, there may be fair value adjustments related to credit quality variations between counterparties, which may impact earnings as required by FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements. The Company recognized a loss of $78,000 and a loss of $76,000 in other income resulting from fair value adjustments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
The table below presents the notional and fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments as well as their location on the consolidated statements of financial condition as of September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2018
Balance Sheet Location |  | Notional |  | Fair Value
Other assets |  | $ | 59,729 |  |  | $ | 557 |
Other liabilities |  | 59,729 |  |  | 636 |

Credit risk-related Contingent Features
The Company is a party to an International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreement with a third party broker-dealer that requires a minimum dollar transfer amount upon a margin call. This requirement is dependent on certain specified credit measures. The amount of collateral posted with the third party at September 30, 2018 was $3.3 million. The amount of collateral posted with the third party is deemed to be sufficient to collateralize both the fair market value change as well as any additional amounts that may be required as a result of a change in the specified credit measures. The aggregate fair value of all derivative financial instruments in a liability position with credit measure contingencies and entered into with the third party was $636,000 at September 30, 2018.
Note 10. Subsequent Event
On October 25, 2018, the Company announced the execution of a definitive agreement and plan of merger (the “merger agreement”) with Capital Bank of New Jersey (“Capital Bank”). The transaction is subject to receipt of the approval of Capital Bank’s stockholders and required regulatory approval. Subject to receipt of those approvals and fulfillment of other customary closing conditions, the Company expects to close the transaction in the first quarter of 2019.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The Company is not engaged in any legal proceedings of a material nature at the present time. From time to time, the Company is a party to routine legal proceedings within the normal course of business. Such routine legal proceedings in the aggregate are believed by management to be immaterial to the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
In addition to the risk factors relevant to the Company set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in the 2017 Form 10-K, stockholders and investors of the Company should consider the following risk factor. There were no other material changes to risk factors relevant to the Company’s operations since December 31, 2017.
Recent New Jersey legislative changes may increase tax expense. In connection with adopting the 2019 fiscal year budget, the New Jersey legislature adopted, and the Governor signed, legislation that will increase the Company’s state income tax liability and could increase the overall tax expense. The legislation imposes a temporary surtax on corporations earning New Jersey allocated income in excess of $1 million of 2.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019, and of 1.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021. The legislation also requires combined filing for members of an affiliated group for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2019, changing New Jersey’s current status as a separate return state, and limits the deductibility of dividends received. These changes are not temporary. The new legislation did not impact the Company’s deferred tax asset or state income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this legislation on tax expense in future periods.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On July 24, 2014, the Company announced the authorization of the Board of Directors to repurchase up to 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock, or 867,923 shares of which 154,804 shares remain available for repurchase. On April 27, 2017, the Company announced the authorization of the Board of Directors to repurchase up to an additional 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock, or 1.6 million shares of which all shares authorized for repurchase remain available at September 30, 2018. There were 1,754,804 shares available for repurchase at September 30, 2018 under these two stock repurchase programs. The Company did not repurchase shares of its common stock during the three month period ended September 30, 2018.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not Applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not Applicable.
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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No: |  | Exhibit Description |  | Reference
2.1 |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 25, 2018, by and among OceanFirst Financial Corp., OceanFirst Bank, National Association, and Capital bank of New Jersey |  | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed October 26, 2018.
3.1 |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of OceanFirst Financial Corp., effective June 1, 2018 |  | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1A of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 4, 2018
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  | Filed here within this document
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  | Filed here within this document
32.0 |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as added by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  | Filed here within this document
101.0 |  | The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |  |

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| OceanFirst Financial Corp.
| Registrant

DATE: | November 8, 2018 | /s/ Christopher D. Maher
|  | Christopher D. Maher
|  | Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

DATE: | November 8, 2018 | /s/ Michael J. Fitzpatrick
|  | Michael J. Fitzpatrick
|  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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Exhibit Index

Exhibit |  | Description
2.1 |  |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 25, 2018, by and among OceanFirst Financial Corp., OceanFirst Bank, National Association, and Capital bank of New Jersey
3.1 |  |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of OceanFirst Financial Corp., effective June 1, 2018
31.1 |  |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 |  |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.0 |  |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as added by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.0 |  |  | The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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