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Debt | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Debt | Debt The Company is in compliance with all covenants under its financing arrangements. The components of the Company’s consolidated debt and capital lease obligations were as follows (in thousands):
| December 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
Encore revolving credit facility | $ | 627,000 |  |  | $ | 505,000 |
Encore term loan facility | 143,078 |  |  | 146,023 |
Encore senior secured notes | 28,750 |  |  | 43,750 |
Encore convertible notes | 448,500 |  |  | 448,500 |
Less: Debt discount | (41,867 | ) |  | (51,202 | )
Propel facilities | 170,858 |  |  | 84,229 |
Propel securitized notes | 59,996 |  |  | 104,247 |
Cabot senior secured notes | 1,360,000 |  |  | 1,076,952 |
Add: Debt premium | 53,440 |  |  | 67,259 |
Less: Debt discount | (3,184 | ) |  | — |
Cabot senior revolving credit facility | 54,089 |  |  | 86,368 |
Preferred equity certificates | 221,516 |  |  | 208,312 |
Capital lease obligations | 11,054 |  |  | 15,331 |
Other | 83,342 |  |  | 38,785 |
| $ | 3,216,572 |  |  | $ | 2,773,554 |
Encore Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility On July 9, 2015, the Company amended its revolving credit facility and term loan facility pursuant to Amendment No. 2 to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Restated Credit Agreement”). The Restated Credit Agreement includes a revolving credit facility of $742.6 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), a term loan facility of $158.8 million (the “Term Loan Facility”, and together with the Revolving Credit Facility, the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), and an accordion feature that allows the Company to increase the Senior Secured Credit Facilities by an additional $250.0 million ($55.0 million of which was exercised in November 2015). Including the accordion feature, the maximum amount that can be borrowed under the Restated Credit Agreement is $1.1 billion. The Restated Credit Agreement expires in February 2019, except with respect to two subtranches of the Term Loan Facility of $60.0 million and $6.3 million, maturing in February 2017 and November 2017, respectively. Provisions of the Restated Credit Agreement include, but are not limited to:
• | The Revolving Credit Facility of $742.6 million with interest at a floating rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either: (1) reserve adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), plus a spread that ranges from 250 to 300 basis points depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio; or (2) alternate base rate, plus a spread that ranges from 150 to 200 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio. “Alternate base rate,” as defined in the Restated Credit Agreement, means the highest of (i) the per annum rate which the administrative agent publicly announces from time to time as its prime lending rate, (ii) the federal funds effective rate from time to time, plus 0.5% per annum or (iii) reserved adjusted LIBOR determined on a daily basis for a one month interest period, plus 1.0% per annum;
• | A $92.5 million five-year term loan with interest at a floating rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either: (1) reserve adjusted LIBOR, plus a spread that ranges from 250 to 300 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio; or (2) alternate base rate, plus a spread that ranges from 150 to 200 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio. Principal amortizes $6.9 million in 2016, $9.3 million in 2017, and $9.3 million in 2018 with the remaining principal due at the end of the term;
• | A $60.0 million term loan maturing on February 28, 2017, with interest at a floating rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either: (1) reserve adjusted LIBOR, plus a spread that ranges from 200 to 250 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio; or (2) alternate base rate, plus a spread that ranges from 100 to 150 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio. Principal amortizes $4.5 million in 2016 with the remaining principal due at the end of the term;
• | A $6.3 million term loan maturing on November 3, 2017, with interest at a floating rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either: (1) reserve adjusted LIBOR, plus a spread that ranges from 250 to 300 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio; or (2) alternate base rate, plus a spread that ranges from 150 to 200 basis points, depending on the Company’s cash flow leverage ratio. Principal amortizes $0.6 million in 2016 and $0.5 million in 2017 with the remaining principal due at the end of the term;
• | A borrowing base equal to (1) the lesser of (i) 30%—35% (depending on the Company’s trailing 12-month cost per dollar collected) of all eligible non-bankruptcy estimated remaining collections, currently 33%, plus 55% of eligible estimated remaining collections for consumer receivables subject to bankruptcy, and (ii) the product of the net book value of all receivable portfolios acquired on or after January 1, 2005 multiplied by 95%, minus (2) the sum of the aggregate principal amount outstanding of Encore’s Senior Secured Notes (as defined below) plus the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the term loans;
• | a maximum cash flow leverage ratio permitted of 2.50:1.00;
• | a maximum cash flow secured leverage ratio of 2.00:1.00;
• | The allowance of additional unsecured or subordinated indebtedness not to exceed $1.1 billion;
• | Restrictions and covenants, which limit the payment of dividends and the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, among other limitations;
• | Repurchases of up to $150.0 million of Encore’s common stock after July 9, 2015, subject to compliance with certain covenants and available borrowing capacity;
• | A change of control definition, that excludes acquisitions of stock by Red Mountain Capital Partners LLC, JCF FPK I, LP and their respective affiliates of up to 50% of the outstanding shares of Encore’s voting stock;
• | Events of default which, upon occurrence, may permit the lenders to terminate the facility and declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable;
• | A pre-approved acquisition limit of $225.0 million per fiscal year;
• | A basket to allow for investments not to exceed the greater of (1) 200% of the consolidated net worth of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries; and (2) an unlimited amount such that after giving effect to the making of any investment, the cash flow leverage ratio is less than 1.25:1:00;
• | Collateralization by all assets of the Company, other than the assets of certain Propel entities, certain foreign subsidiaries and all unrestricted subsidiaries as defined in the Restated Credit Agreement.
At December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance under the Restated Credit Agreement was $770.1 million, which bore a weighted average interest rate of 3.17% and 2.93% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Available capacity under the Restated Credit Agreement, subject to borrowing base and applicable debt covenants, was $107.1 million as of December 31, 2015, not including the $195.0 million additional capacity provided by the facility’s remaining accordion feature. Encore Senior Secured Notes In 2010 and 2011 Encore entered into an aggregate of $75.0 million in senior secured notes with certain affiliates of Prudential Capital Group (the “Senior Secured Notes”). $25.0 million of the Senior Secured Notes bear an annual interest rate of 7.375%, mature in 2018 and require quarterly principal payments of $1.25 million. Prior to May 2013, these notes required quarterly payments of interest only. The remaining $50.0 million of Senior Secured Notes bear an annual interest rate of 7.75%, mature in 2017 and require quarterly principal payments of $2.5 million. Prior to December 2012 these notes required quarterly interest only payments. As of December 31, 2015, $11.3 million of the 7.375% Senior Secured Notes and $17.5 million of the 7.75% Senior Secured Notes, for an aggregate of $28.8 million, remained outstanding. The Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed in full by certain of Encore’s subsidiaries. Similar to, and pari passu with, the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the Senior Secured Notes are collateralized by the same collateral as our Revolving Credit Facility. The Senior Secured Notes may be accelerated and become automatically and immediately due and payable upon certain events of default, including certain events related to insolvency, bankruptcy, or liquidation. Additionally, the Senior Secured Notes may be accelerated at the election of the holder or holders of a majority in principal amount of the Senior Secured Notes upon certain events of default by Encore, including the breach of affirmative covenants regarding guarantors, collateral, most favored lender treatment, minimum revolving credit facility commitment or the breach of any negative covenant. If Encore prepays the Senior Secured Notes at any time for any reason, payment will be at the higher of par or the present value of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the portion being prepaid. The discount rate used to determine the present value is 50 basis points over the then current Treasury Rate corresponding to the remaining average life of the senior secured notes. The covenants are substantially similar to those in the Restated Credit Agreement. Prudential Capital Group and the administrative agent for the lenders of the Restated Credit Agreement have an intercreditor agreement related to their pro rata rights to the collateral, actionable default, powers and duties and remedies, among other topics. The terms of the Senior Secured Notes were amended in connection with the Restated Credit Agreement in order to properly align certain provisions between the two agreements. Encore Convertible Notes In November and December 2012, Encore sold $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.0% 2017 Convertible Notes that mature on November 27, 2017 in private placement transactions. In June and July 2013, Encore sold $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.0% 2020 Convertible Notes that mature on July 1, 2020 in private placement transactions. In March 2014, Encore sold $161.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.875% 2021 Convertible Notes that mature on March 15, 2021 in private placement transactions. The interest on these unsecured convertible senior notes (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”), is payable semi-annually. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding their respective conversion date (listed below), holders may convert their Convertible Notes under certain circumstances set forth in the applicable Convertible Notes indentures. On or after their respective conversion dates until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding their respective maturity date, holders may convert their Convertible Notes at any time. Certain key terms related to the convertible features for each of the Convertible Notes as of year ended December 31, 2015 are listed below.
| 2017 Convertible Notes |  | 2020 Convertible Notes |  | 2021 Convertible Notes
Initial conversion price | $ | 31.56 |  |  | $ | 45.72 |  |  | $ | 59.39 |
Closing stock price at date of issuance | $ | 25.66 |  |  | $ | 33.35 |  |  | $ | 47.51 |
Closing stock price date | November 27, 2012 |  |  | June 24, 2013 |  |  | March 5, 2014 |
Conversion rate (shares per $1,000 principal amount) | 31.6832 |  |  | 21.8718 |  |  | 16.8386 |
Conversion date(1) | May 27, 2017 |  |  | January 1, 2020 |  |  | September 15, 2020 |
_______________________
(1) | The 2017 Convertible Notes became convertible on January 2, 2014, as certain early conversion events were satisfied. Refer to “Conversion and Earnings Per Share impact” section below for further details.
In the event of conversion, the 2017 Convertible Notes are convertible into cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the notes. The excess conversion premium may be settled in cash or shares of the Company’s common stock at the discretion of the Company. In the event of conversion, holders of the Company’s 2020 and 2021 Convertible Notes will receive cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, at the Company’s election. The Company’s current intent is to settle conversions through combination settlement (i.e., convertible into cash up to the aggregate principal amount, and shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, at the Company’s election, for the remainder). As a result, and in accordance with authoritative guidance related to derivatives and hedging and earnings per share, only the conversion spread is included in the diluted earnings per share calculation, if dilutive. Under such method, the settlement of the conversion spread has a dilutive effect when, during any quarter, the average share price of the Company’s common stock exceeds the initial conversion prices listed in the above table. Authoritative guidance related to debt with conversion and other options requires that issuers of convertible debt instruments that, upon conversion, may be settled fully or partially in cash, must separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. Additionally, debt issuance costs are required to be allocated in proportion to the allocation of the liability and equity components and accounted for as debt issuance costs and equity issuance costs, respectively. The debt and equity components, the issuance costs related to the equity component, the stated interest rate, and the effective interest rate for each of the Convertible Notes are listed below (in thousands, except percentages):
| 2017 Convertible Notes |  | 2020 Convertible Notes |  | 2021 Convertible Notes
Debt component | $ | 100,298 |  |  | $ | 140,247 |  |  | $ | 143,645 |
Equity component | $ | 14,702 |  |  | $ | 32,253 |  |  | $ | 17,355 |
Equity issuance cost | $ | 788 |  |  | $ | 1,106 |  |  | $ | 581 |
Stated interest rate | 3.000 | % |  | 3.000 | % |  | 2.875 | %
Effective interest rate | 6.000 | % |  | 6.350 | % |  | 4.700 | %
The balances of the liability and equity components of all of the Convertible Notes outstanding were as follows (in thousands):
| December 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
Liability component—principal amount | $ | 448,500 |  |  | $ | 448,500 |
Unamortized debt discount | (41,867 | ) |  | (51,202 | )
Liability component—net carrying amount | $ | 406,633 |  |  | $ | 397,298 |
Equity component | $ | 58,184 |  |  | $ | 55,236 |
The debt discount is being amortized into interest expense over the remaining life of the convertible notes using the effective interest rates. Interest expense related to the convertible notes was as follows (in thousands):
| Year ended December 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
Interest expense—stated coupon rate | $ | 13,245 |  |  | $ | 12,418 |
Interest expense—amortization of debt discount | 9,335 |  |  | 8,423 |
Total interest expense—convertible notes | $ | 22,580 |  |  | $ | 20,841 |
Convertible Notes Hedge Transactions In order to reduce the risk related to the potential dilution and/or the potential cash payments the Company is required to make in the event that the market price of the Company’s common stock becomes greater than the conversion price of the Convertible Notes, the Company maintains a hedge program that increases the effective conversion price for each of the Convertible Notes. All of the hedge instruments related to the Convertible Notes have been determined to be indexed to the Company’s own stock and meet the criteria for equity classification. In accordance with authoritative guidance, the Company recorded the cost of the hedge instruments as a reduction in additional paid-in capital, and will not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of these financial instruments in its consolidated financial statements. The initial hedge instruments the Company entered into in connection with its issuance of the 2017 Convertible Notes had an effective conversion price of $44.19. On December 16, 2013, the Company entered into amendments to the hedge instruments to further increase the effective conversion price from $44.19 to $60.00. All other terms and settlement provisions of the hedge instruments remained unchanged. The transaction was completed in February 2014. The Company paid approximately $27.9 million in total consideration for amending the hedge instruments. The Company recorded the payment as a reduction of equity in the consolidated statements of financial condition. The details of the hedge program for each of the Convertible Notes are listed below (in thousands, except conversion price):
| 2017 Convertible Notes |  | 2020 Convertible Notes |  | 2021 Convertible Notes
Cost of the hedge transaction(s) | $ | 50,595 |  |  | $ | 18,113 |  |  | $ | 19,545 |
Initial conversion price | $ | 31.56 |  |  | $ | 45.72 |  |  | $ | 59.39 |
Effective conversion price | $ | 60.00 |  |  | $ | 61.55 |  |  | $ | 83.14 |
Conversion and Earnings Per Share Impact During the quarter ending December 31, 2013, the closing price of the Company’s common stock exceeded 130% of the conversion price of the 2017 Convertible Notes for more than 20 trading days during a 30 consecutive trading day period, thereby satisfying one of the early conversion events. As a result, the 2017 Convertible Notes became convertible on demand effective January 2, 2014, and the holders were notified that they could elect to submit their 2017 Convertible Notes for conversion. The carrying value of the 2017 Convertible Notes continues to be reported as debt as the Company intends to draw on the Revolving Credit Facility or use cash on hand to settle the principal amount of any such conversions in cash. No gain or loss was recognized when the debt became convertible. The estimated fair value of the 2017 Convertible Notes was approximately $109.5 million as of December 31, 2015. In addition, upon becoming convertible, a portion of the equity component that was recorded at the time of the issuance of the 2017 Convertible Notes was considered redeemable and that portion of the equity was reclassified to temporary equity in the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition. Such amount was determined based on the cash consideration to be paid upon conversion and the carrying amount of the debt. Upon conversion, the holders of the 2017 Convertible Notes will be paid in cash for the principal amount and issued shares or a combination of cash and shares for the remaining value of the 2017 Convertible Notes. As a result, the Company reclassified $6.1 million of the equity component to temporary equity as of December 31, 2015. If a conversion event takes place, this temporary equity balance will be recalculated based on the difference between the 2017 Convertible Notes principal and the debt carrying value. If the 2017 Convertible Notes are settled, an amount equal to the fair value of the liability component, immediately prior to the settlement, will be deducted from the fair value of the total settlement consideration transferred and allocated to the liability component. Any difference between the amount allocated to the liability and the net carrying amount of the 2017 Convertible Notes (including any unamortized debt issue costs and discount) will be recognized in earnings as a gain or loss on debt extinguishment. Any remaining consideration is allocated to the reacquisition of the equity component and will be recognized as a reduction in stockholders’ equity. None of the 2017 Convertible Notes were converted during the year ended December 31, 2015 or 2014. In accordance with authoritative guidance related to derivatives and hedging and earnings per share calculation, only the conversion spread of the Convertible Notes is included in the diluted earnings per share calculation, if dilutive. Under such method, the settlement of the conversion spread has a dilutive effect when the average share price of the Company’s common stock during any quarter exceeds the respective conversion price of each of the Convertible Notes. See “Earnings Per Share” in Note 1, “Ownership, Description of Business, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information. Propel Facilities Propel Facility I On May 8, 2015, Propel amended its syndicated loan facility (as amended, the “Propel Facility I”). The Propel Facility I is an $80.0 million facility, with a $20.0 million uncommitted accordion feature, used to originate or purchase tax lien assets. The Propel Facility I expires in May 2018 and includes the following key provisions:
• | Interest at Propel’s option, at either: (1) LIBOR, plus a spread that ranges from 270 to 320 basis points, depending on Propel’s cash flow leverage ratio; or (2) the greatest of (a) the rate publicly announced from time to time by Texas Capital Bank, National Association, as its prime rate, (b) the sum of the federal funds rate for such day plus 50 basis points, or (c) one month LIBOR plus 100 basis points;
• | A borrowing base of 90% of the face value of the tax lien assets;
• | Interest payable monthly; principal and interest due at maturity;
• | Restrictions and covenants, which limit, among other things, the payment of dividends and the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens; and
• | Events of default which, upon occurrence, may permit the lenders to terminate the Propel Facility I and declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable.
The Propel Facility I is primarily collateralized by the tax liens on real property in Texas and requires Propel to maintain various financial covenants, including a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum cash flow leverage ratio. At December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance on the Propel Facility I was $63.0 million. The weighted average interest rate was 3.26% and 3.33% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Propel Facility II On May 15, 2013, the Company, through affiliates of Propel, entered into a $100.0 million revolving credit facility (as amended, the “Propel Facility II”). The Propel Facility II is used to purchase tax liens and tax lien certificates from taxing authorities and third parties in various states and expires on May 10, 2019. On May 6, 2014, April 3, 2015 and October 26, 2015, the Propel Facility II was amended to, among other things, increase the commitment amount, modify the interest rate and permit additional tax lien assets to be included in the borrowing base. The Propel Facility II includes the following key provisions:
• | Propel can draw up to $150.0 million through May 15, 2017;
• | The committed amount can be drawn on a revolving basis until May 15, 2017 (unless terminated earlier in accordance with the terms of the facility). During the following two years, until the May 10, 2019 expiration date, no additional draws are permitted, and all proceeds from the tax liens are used to repay any amounts outstanding under the facility. So long as no events or default have occurred, Propel may extend the expiration date for additional one year periods.
• | Prior to the expiration of the facility, interest at a per annum floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25%;
• | Upon the occurrence of an event of default, interest at 400 basis points plus the greater of (i) a per annum floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25%, or (ii) Prime Rate, which is defined in the agreement as the rate most recently announced by the lender at its branch in San Francisco, California, from time to time as its prime commercial rate for U.S. dollar-denominated loans made in the United States;
• | Proceeds from the tax liens are applied to pay interest, principal and other obligations incurred in connection with the Propel Facility II on a monthly basis as defined in the agreement;
• | Special purpose entity covenants designed to protect the bankruptcy-remoteness of the borrowers and additional restrictions and covenants, which limit, among other things, the payment of certain dividends, the occurrence of additional indebtedness and liens and use of the collections proceeds from certain tax liens; and
• | Events of default which, upon occurrence, may permit the lender to terminate the Propel Facility II and declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable.
The Propel Facility II is collateralized by tax liens acquired under the Propel Facility II. At December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance on the Propel Facility II was $107.9 million. The weighted average interest rate was 2.62% and 3.85% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Propel Term Loan Facility On May 2, 2014, the Company, through affiliates of Propel, entered into a $31.9 million term loan facility (the “Propel Term Loan Facility”). The Propel Term Loan Facility was entered into to fund the acquisition of a portfolio of tax liens and other assets in a transaction valued at approximately $43.0 million. In July 2015, Propel paid off the outstanding balance on the Propel Term Loan Facility. Propel Securitized Notes On May 6, 2014, Propel, through its affiliates, completed the securitization of a pool of approximately $141.5 million in payment agreements and contracts relating to unpaid real property taxes, assessments, and other charges secured by liens on real property located in the State of Texas (the “Securitized Texas Tax Liens”). In connection with the securitization, investors purchased, in a private placement, approximately $134.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.44% notes collateralized by the Securitized Texas Tax Liens (the “Propel Securitized Notes”), due May 15, 2029. The payment agreements and contracts will continue to be serviced by Propel. The Propel Securitized Notes are payable solely from the collateral and represent non-recourse obligations of the consolidated securitization entity PFS Tax Lien Trust 2014-1, a Delaware statutory trust and an affiliate of Propel. Interest accrues monthly at the rate of 1.44% per annum. Principal and interest on the Propel Securitized Notes are payable on the 15th day of each calendar month. Propel used the net proceeds to pay down borrowings under the Propel Facility I, pay certain expenses incurred in connection with the issuance of the Propel Securitized Notes and fund certain reserves. At December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance on the Propel Securitized Notes was $60.0 million and the balance of the collateral was $81.1 million. Cabot Senior Secured Notes On September 20, 2012, Cabot Financial (Luxembourg) S.A. (“Cabot Financial”), an indirect subsidiary of Encore, issued £265.0 million (approximately $438.4 million) in aggregate principal amount of 10.375% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (the “Cabot 2019 Notes”). Interest on the Cabot 2019 Notes is payable semi-annually, in arrears, on April 1 and October 1 of each year. On August 2, 2013, Cabot Financial issued £100 million (approximately $151.7 million) in aggregate principal amount of 8.375% Senior Secured Notes due 2020 (the “Cabot 2020 Notes”). Interest on the Cabot 2020 Notes is payable semi-annually, in arrears, on February 1 and August 1 of each year. Of the proceeds from the issuance of the Cabot 2020 Notes, approximately £75.0 million (approximately $113.8 million) was used to repay all amounts outstanding under the senior credit facilities of Cabot Financial (UK) Limited (“Cabot Financial UK”), an indirect subsidiary of Encore, and £25.0 million (approximately $37.9 million) was used to partially repay a portion of the J Bridge preferred equity certificates (the “J Bridge PECs”) to an affiliate of J.C. Flowers & Co. LLC (“J.C. Flowers”), discussed in further detail below. On March 27, 2014, Cabot Financial issued £175.0 million (approximately $291.8 million) in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the “Cabot 2021 Notes” and, together with the Cabot 2019 Notes and the Cabot 2020 Notes, the “Cabot Notes”). Interest on the Cabot 2021 Notes is payable semi-annually, in arrears, on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2014. The total debt issuance cost associated with the Cabot 2021 Notes was approximately $7.5 million. Approximately £105.0 million (approximately $174.8 million) of the proceeds from the issuance of the Cabot 2021 Notes was used to repay all amounts outstanding under the senior secured bridge facilities that Cabot Financial UK entered into in connection with the Marlin Acquisition. The Cabot Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by the following indirect subsidiaries of the Company: Cabot Credit Management Limited (“CCM”), Cabot Financial Limited, and all material subsidiaries of Cabot Financial Limited (other than Cabot Financial and Marlin Intermediate Holdings plc). The Cabot Notes are secured by a first ranking security interest in all the outstanding shares of Cabot Financial and the guarantors (other than CCM and Marlin Midway Limited) and substantially all the assets of Cabot Financial and the guarantors (other than CCM). The guarantees provided in respect of the Cabot Notes are pari passu with each such guarantee given in respect of the Cabot Floating Rate Notes, Marlin Bonds and the Cabot Credit Facility described below. On November 11, 2015, Cabot Financial (Luxembourg) II S.A. (“Cabot Financial II”), an indirect subsidiary of Encore, issued €310.0 million (approximately $332.2 million) in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Floating Rate Notes due 2021 (the “Cabot Floating Rate Notes”). The Cabot Floating Rate Notes were issued at a 1%, or €3.1 million (approximately $3.4 million), original issue discount, which is being amortized over the life of the notes and included as interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. The Cabot Floating Rate Notes bear interest at a rate equal to three-month EURIBOR plus 5.875% per annum, reset quarterly. Interest on the Cabot Floating Rate Notes is payable quarterly in arrears on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on February 15, 2016. The Cabot Floating Rate Notes will mature on November 15, 2021. Loan fees associated with the Cabot Floating Rate Notes during the year ended December 31, 2015 were approximately £5.8 million (approximately $8.7 million) and capitalized as debt issuance costs. The Cabot Floating Rate Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by the following indirect subsidiaries of the Company: CCM, Cabot Financial Limited and all material subsidiaries of Cabot Financial Limited (other than Cabot Financial II and Marlin Intermediate Holdings plc). The Cabot Floating Rate Notes are secured by a first-ranking security interest in all the outstanding shares of Cabot Financial II and the guarantors (other than CCM and Marlin Midway Limited) and substantially all the assets of Cabot Financial II and the guarantors (other than CCM). On July 25, 2013, Marlin Intermediate Holdings plc, a subsidiary of Marlin, issued £150.0 million (approximately $246.5 million) in aggregate principal amount of 10.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2020 (the “Marlin Bonds”). Interest on the Marlin Bonds is payable semi-annually, in arrears, on February 1 and August 1 of each year. Cabot assumed the Marlin Bonds as a result of the Marlin Acquisition. The carrying value of the Marlin Bonds was adjusted to approximately $284.2 million to reflect the fair value of the Marlin Bonds at the time of acquisition. The Marlin Bonds are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by Cabot Financial Limited and each of Cabot Financial Limited’s material subsidiaries other than Marlin Intermediate Holdings plc, each of which is an indirect subsidiary of the Company. The guarantees provided in respect of the Marlin Bonds are pari passu with each such guarantee given in respect of the Cabot Notes, the Cabot Floating Rate Notes and the Cabot Credit Facility. Interest expense related to the Cabot Notes, Cabot Floating Rate Notes, and Marlin Bonds was as follows (in thousands):
| Year ended December 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
Interest expense—stated coupon rate | $ | 98,988 |  |  | $ | 97,028 |
Interest income—accretion of debt premium | (10,747 | ) |  | (10,233 | )
Interest expense—amortization of debt discount | 75 |  |  | — |
Total interest expense—Cabot senior secured notes | $ | 88,316 |  |  | $ | 86,795 |
At December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance on the Cabot Notes, Cabot Floating Rate Notes, and Marlin Bonds was $1.4 billion. Cabot Senior Revolving Credit Facility On September 20, 2012, Cabot Financial UK entered into an agreement for a senior committed revolving credit facility of £50.0 million (approximately $82.7 million) (the “Cabot Credit Agreement”). Since such date there have been a number of amendments made, including, but not limited to, increases in the lenders’ total commitments thereunder. On November 11, 2015, Cabot Financial UK amended and restated its existing senior secured revolving credit facility agreement to, among other things, increase the total committed amount of the facility to £200.0 million (approximately $304.0 million) and extend the termination date to September 24, 2018 (as amended and restated, the “Cabot Credit Facility”). The Cabot Credit Facility also includes an uncommitted accordion provision which will allow the facility to be increased by an additional £50.0 million, subject to obtaining the requisite commitments and compliance with the terms of Cabot Financial UK’s other indebtedness, among other conditions precedent. Loan fees associated with amending the Cabot Credit Facility during the year ended December 31, 2015 were approximately £4.8 million (approximately $7.2 million) and capitalized as debt issuance costs. The Cabot Credit Facility has a six-year term expiring in September 2018, and includes the following key provisions:
• | Interest at LIBOR (or EURIBOR for any loan drawn in euro) plus 3.5%;
• | A restrictive covenant that limits the loan to value ratio to 0.75;
• | A restrictive covenant that limits the super senior loan (i.e. the Cabot Credit Facility and any super priority hedging liabilities) to value ratio to 0.25;
• | Additional restrictions and covenants which limit, among other things, the payment of dividends and the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens; and
• | Events of default which, upon occurrence, may permit the lenders to terminate the Cabot Credit Facility and declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable.
The Cabot Credit Facility is unconditionally guaranteed by the following indirect subsidiaries of the Company: CCM, Cabot Financial Limited, and all material subsidiaries of Cabot Financial Limited. The Cabot Credit Facility is secured by first ranking security interests in all the outstanding shares of Cabot Financial UK and the guarantors (other than CCM) and substantially all the assets of Cabot Financial UK and the guarantors (other than CCM). Pursuant to the terms of intercreditor agreements entered into with respect to the relative positions of the Cabot Notes, the Cabot Floating Rate Notes, the Marlin Bonds and the Cabot Credit Facility, any liabilities in respect of obligations under the Cabot Credit Facility that are secured by assets that also secure the Cabot Notes, the Cabot Floating Rate Notes and the Marlin Bonds will receive priority with respect to any proceeds received upon any enforcement action over any such assets. At December 31, 2015, the outstanding borrowings under the Cabot Credit Facility were approximately $54.1 million. The weighted average interest rate was 3.86% and 4.34% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Cabot 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility The dlc Acquisition was financed with borrowings under the existing Cabot Credit Facility and under a new senior secured bridge facility entered into by Cabot on June 1, 2015 (the “2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility”). The 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility provided an aggregate principal amount of up to £90.0 million. The purpose of the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility was to provide funding for the financing, in full or in part, of the purchase price of the dlc Acquisition and the payment of costs, fees and expenses in connection with the dlc Acquisition, and was fully drawn as of the closing of the dlc Acquisition. The 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility had an initial term of one year and could be extended for an additional year if it was not repaid during the first year of issuance. Prior to the initial maturity date, the rate of interest payable under the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility was the aggregate, per annum, of (i) LIBOR (set to a minimum of 1%), plus (ii) an initial spread of 6.00% per annum (such spread stepping up by 50 basis points for each three-month period that the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility remains outstanding), not to exceed total caps set forth in the senior secured bridge facility agreement. Loan fees associated with the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility were approximately $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. These fees were recognized as interest expense in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In November 2015, Cabot paid off the outstanding balance on the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility. As a result, at December 31, 2015, there was no amount outstanding under the 2015 Senior Secured Bridge Facility. Preferred Equity Certificates On July 1, 2013, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Encore Europe Holdings, S.a.r.l. (“Encore Europe”), completed the acquisition of Cabot (the “Cabot Acquisition”) by acquiring 50.1% of the equity interest in Janus Holdings S.a.r.l. (“Janus Holdings”). Encore Europe purchased from J.C. Flowers: (i) E Bridge preferred equity certificates issued by Janus Holdings, with a face value of £10,218,574 (approximately $15.5 million) (and any accrued interest thereof) (the “E Bridge PECs”), (ii) E preferred equity certificates issued by Janus Holdings with a face value of £96,729,661 (approximately $147.1 million) (and any accrued interest thereof) (the “E PECs”), (iii) 3,498,563 E shares of Janus Holdings (the “E Shares”), and (iv) 100 A shares of Cabot Holdings S.a.r.l. (“Cabot Holdings”), the direct subsidiary of Janus Holdings, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately £115.1 million (approximately $175.0 million). The E Bridge PECs, E PECs, and E Shares represent 50.1% of all of the issued and outstanding equity and debt securities of Janus Holdings. The remaining 49.9% of Janus Holdings’ equity and debt securities are owned by J.C. Flowers and include: (a) J Bridge PECs with a face value of £10,177,781 (approximately $15.5 million), (b) J preferred equity certificates with a face value of £96,343,515 (approximately $146.5 million) (the “J PECs”), (c) 3,484,597 J shares of Janus Holdings (the “J Shares”), and (d) 100 A shares of Cabot Holdings. All of the PECs accrue interest at 12% per annum. Since PECs are legal form debt, the J Bridge PECs, J PECs and any accrued interests thereof are classified as liabilities and are included in debt in the Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. In addition, certain other minority owners hold PECs at the Cabot Holdings level (the “Management PECs”). These PECs are also included in debt in the Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. The E Bridge PECs and E PECs held by the Company, and their related interest eliminate in consolidation and therefore are not included in debt in the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition. The J Bridge PECs, J PECs, and the Management PECs do not require the payment of cash interest expense as they have characteristics similar to equity with a preferred return. The ultimate payment of the accumulated interest would be satisfied only in connection with the disposition of the noncontrolling interests of J.C. Flowers and management. On June 20, 2014, Encore Europe converted all of its E Bridge PECs into E Shares and E PECs, and J.C. Flowers converted all of its J Bridge PECs into J Shares and J PECs, in proportion to the number of E Shares and E PECs, or J Shares and J PECs, as applicable, outstanding on the closing date of the Cabot Acquisition. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance of the PECs, including accrued interest, was approximately $221.5 million. Capital Lease Obligations The Company has capital lease obligations primarily for computer equipment. As of December 31, 2015, the Company’s combined obligations for capital leases were approximately $11.1 million. These capital lease obligations require monthly, quarterly or annual payments through 2020 and have implicit interest rates that range from zero to approximately 11.4%. Maturity Schedule The aggregate amounts of the Company’s debt, including PECs, accrued interests on PECs, and capital lease obligations, maturing in each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
2016 | $ | 48,634 |
2017 | 122,478 |
2018 | 248,649 |
2019 | 1,190,075 |
2020 | 544,475 |
Thereafter | 1,053,872 |
Total | $ | 3,208,183 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20,22) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682 + Details
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