Business Combination, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

We acquired 100% of the ownership interests of Grand Design on November 8, 2016 in accordance with the Securities Purchase Agreement for an aggregate purchase price of $520.5 million, which was paid in cash and Winnebago shares as follows:



(In thousands, except shares and per share data)	November 8, 2016
Cash	$	396,442
Winnebago shares: 4,586,555 at $27.05 per share	124,066
Total	$	520,508

The cash portion was funded from cash on hand and borrowings under our ABL and Term Loan agreements. The stock was valued using our closing share price on the date of closing.

The acquisition has been accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets of Grand Design acquired, based on their fair values at the date of the acquisition. The purchase price allocation was finalized during the first quarter of Fiscal 2018.

The final allocation of the purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed was as follows:



(In thousands)	November 8, 2016
Cash	$	1,748
Accounts receivable	32,834
Inventories	15,300
Prepaid expenses and other assets	3,037
Property, plant and equipment	8,998
Goodwill	243,456
Other intangible assets	253,100
Total assets acquired	558,473

Accounts payable	11,163
Accrued compensation	3,615
Product warranties	12,904
Promotional	3,976
Other	1,496
Deferred tax liabilities	4,811
Total liabilities assumed	37,965
Total purchase price	$	520,508

The acquisition of 100% of the ownership interests of Grand Design occurred in two steps: (1) direct purchase of 89.34% of Grand Design member interests and (2) simultaneous acquisition of the remaining 10.66% of Grand Design member interests via the purchase of 100% of the shares of Blocker Corporation, which held the remaining 10.66% of the Grand Design member interests. We agreed to acquire Blocker Corporation as part of the Securities Purchase Agreement, and we did not receive a step-up in basis for 10.66% of the Grand Design assets. As a result, we established certain deferred tax liabilities on the opening balance sheet that relate to Blocker Corporation.

The goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to the value of the workforce, reputation of founders, customer and dealer growth opportunities and expected synergies. Key areas of cost synergies include increased purchasing power for raw materials and supply chain consolidation. Goodwill is expected to be mostly deductible for tax purposes. As of May 26, 2018, goodwill increased $2.0 million as compared to the end of Fiscal 2017. The increase is due to the final purchase price adjustment made for taxes in the first quarter of Fiscal 2018.

The allocation of the purchase price to the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed resulted in the recognition of intangible assets with fair value on the closing date of November 8, 2016 and amortization accumulated from the closing date through May 26, 2018 as follows:



		May 26, 2018					August 26, 2017
(In thousands)	Weighted Average Life-Years	Cost			Accumulated Amortization		Cost			Accumulated Amortization
Trade name	Indefinite	$	148,000		$	—	$	148,000		$	—
Dealer network	12.0	80,500			10,365		80,500			5,348
Backlog	0.5	18,000			18,000		18,000			18,000
Non-compete agreements	4.0	4,600			1,836		4,600			1,116
Leasehold interest-favorable	8.1	2,000			380		2,000			196
Total		253,100			$	30,581	253,100			$	24,660
Accumulated amortization		(30,581		)			(24,660		)
Net book value of intangible assets		$	222,519				$	228,440

We used the income approach to value certain intangible assets. Under the income approach, an intangible asset’s fair value is equal to the present value of future economic benefits to be derived from ownership of the asset. We used the income approach known as the relief from royalty method to value the trade name. The relief from royalty method is based on the hypothetical royalty stream that would be received if we were to license the trade name and is based on expected revenues from such license. The fair value of the dealer network was estimated using an income approach known as the cost to recreate/cost savings method. This method uses the replacement of the asset as an indicator of the fair value of the asset. The useful life of the intangible assets was determined considering the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the intangible assets adjusted as appropriate for the entity-specific factors, including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that may limit the useful life of the intangible assets.

For the three months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, amortization of intangible assets charged to operations was $1.9 million and $10.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, amortization of intangible assets charged to operations was $5.9 million and $22.6 million, respectively. The weighted average remaining amortization period for intangible assets as of May 26, 2018 was approximately 10.3 years. Remaining estimated aggregate annual amortization expense by fiscal year is as follows:



(In thousands)	Amount
Remainder of 2018	$	1,933
2019	7,733
2020	7,733
2021	7,733
2022	7,106
Thereafter	42,281

Within the Towable segment, the results of Grand Design's operations have been included in our consolidated financial statements from the close of the acquisition. The following table provides net revenues and operating income (which includes amortization expense) from the Grand Design business included in our consolidated results during the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017 following the November 8, 2016 closing date:



	Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	May 26, 2018		May 27, 2017
Net revenues	$	719,030	$	366,309
Operating income	91,452		27,083

Unaudited pro forma information has been prepared as if the acquisition had taken place on August 30, 2015. The unaudited pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of the results that we would have achieved had the transaction actually taken place on August 30, 2015, and the unaudited pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of future financial operating results. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information does not reflect any operating efficiencies and cost savings that may be realized from the integration of the acquisition. Unaudited pro forma information is as follows:



	Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)	May 26, 2018		May 27, 2017⁽¹⁾
Net revenues	$	1,480,641	$	1,187,849
Net income	72,675		66,009
Income per share - basic	2.30		2.09
Income per share - diluted	2.28		2.08


(1)	Net income and income per share include the increased benefit of $16.3 million, net of tax, associated with the termination of the postretirement health care plan in Fiscal 2017.

The unaudited pro forma data above includes the following significant non-recurring adjustments made to account for certain costs, which would have changed if the acquisition of Grand Design had been completed on August 30, 2015:



	Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	May 26, 2018			May 27, 2017⁽¹⁾
Amortization of intangibles (1 year or less useful life)	$	(122	)	$	(18,601	)
Increase in amortization of intangibles	—			1,551
Expenses related to business combination (transaction costs)	(50		)	(6,432		)
Interest to reflect new debt structure	—			3,672
Taxes related to the adjustments to the pro forma data and to the income of Grand Design	64			11,513


(1)	Pro forma transaction costs include $0.1 million incurred by Grand Design prior to acquisition.

We incurred approximately $6.9 million of acquisition-related costs to date, of which $0.1 million and $6.4 million were expensed during the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, respectively.