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Residential Whole Loans | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract] |
Residential Whole Loans | Residential Whole Loans Included on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are approximately $9.0 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively, of residential whole loans generally arising from the Company’s interests in certain trusts established to acquire the loans and certain entities established in connection with its loan securitization transactions. The Company has assessed that these entities are required to be consolidated for financial reporting purposes. Starting in the second quarter of 2021, the Company elected the fair value option for all loan acquisitions, including loans originated by Lima One subsequent to its acquisition by the Company. Prior to the second quarter of 2021, the fair value option was typically elected only for Purchased Non-performing Loans. The following table presents the components of the Company’s Residential whole loans, and the accounting model designated at December 31, 2023 and 2022:
|  | Held at Carrying Value |  | Held at Fair Value |  | Total
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Purchased Performing Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans |  | $ | 843,884 |  |  | $ | 987,282 |  |  | $ | 2,961,693 |  |  | $ | 2,372,548 |  |  | $ | 3,805,577 |  |  | $ | 3,359,830 |
Transitional loans (1) |  | 35,467 |  |  | 75,188 |  |  | 2,326,029 |  |  | 1,342,032 |  |  | 2,361,496 |  |  | 1,417,220 |
Single-family rental loans (2) |  | 172,213 |  |  | 210,833 |  |  | 1,462,583 |  |  | 1,165,741 |  |  | 1,634,796 |  |  | 1,376,574 |
Seasoned performing loans |  | 68,945 |  |  | 82,932 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 68,945 |  |  | 82,932 |
Agency eligible investor loans |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55,779 |  |  | 51,094 |  |  | 55,779 |  |  | 51,094 |
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 1,120,509 |  |  | $ | 1,356,235 |  |  | $ | 6,806,084 |  |  | $ | 4,931,415 |  |  | $ | 7,926,593 |  |  | $ | 6,287,650 |
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 429,726 |  |  | $ | 470,294 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 429,726 |  |  | $ | 470,294 |
Allowance for Credit Losses |  | $ | (20,451) |  |  | $ | (35,314) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (20,451) |  |  | $ | (35,314) |
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 705,424 |  |  | $ | 796,109 |  |  | $ | 705,424 |  |  | $ | 796,109 |
Total Residential Whole Loans |  | $ | 1,529,784 |  |  | $ | 1,791,215 |  |  | $ | 7,511,508 |  |  | $ | 5,727,524 |  |  | $ | 9,041,292 |  |  | $ | 7,518,739 |
Number of loans |  | 6,326 |  |  | 7,126 |  |  | 19,075 |  |  | 16,717 |  |  | 25,401 |  |  | 23,843 |
(1) As of December 31, 2023 includes $1.2 billion of loans collateralized by one-to-four family residential properties, including $471.1 million of loans collateralized by new construction projects at origination, and $1.2 billion of Transitional loans collateralized by multi-family properties. As of December 31, 2022, includes $784.9 million of loans collateralized by one-to-four family residential properties, including $283.1 million of loans collateralized by new construction projects at origination, and $632.3 million of Transitional loans collateralized by multi-family properties. (2) As of December 31, 2023, includes held-for-sale loans with a carrying value of $13.6 million. For the 12 months ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a $1.2 million loss on these loans resulting from adjusting their carrying value to the lower of cost or fair value. The following table presents additional information regarding the Company’s Residential whole loans at December 31, 2023 and 2022: December 31, 2023
|  | Fair Value / Carrying Value |  | Unpaid Principal Balance (“UPB”) |  | Weighted Average Coupon (2) |  | Weighted Average Term to Maturity (Months) |  | Weighted Average LTV Ratio (3) |  | Weighted Average Original FICO (4) |  | Aging by UPB |  | 60+ Delinquency %
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Past Due Days |
(Dollars In Thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  | 30-59 |  | 60-89 |  | 90+ |
Purchased Performing Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans (5) |  | $ | 3,700,052 |  |  | $ | 3,934,798 |  |  | 5.78 | % |  | 344 |  | 65 | % |  | 735 |  | $ | 3,732,327 |  |  | $ | 98,017 |  |  | $ | 29,587 |  |  | $ | 74,867 |  |  | 2.7 | %
Transitional loans (1) |  | 2,358,909 |  |  | 2,368,121 |  |  | 9.22 |  |  | 10 |  | 64 |  |  | 747 |  | 2,187,161 |  |  | 61,024 |  |  | 26,618 |  |  | 93,318 |  |  | 5.1 |
Single-family rental loans |  | 1,630,442 |  |  | 1,729,923 |  |  | 6.30 |  |  | 320 |  | 70 |  |  | 738 |  | 1,636,810 |  |  | 12,543 |  |  | 12,314 |  |  | 68,256 |  |  | 4.7 |
Seasoned performing loans |  | 68,924 |  |  | 75,715 |  |  | 4.58 |  |  | 143 |  | 28 |  |  | 725 |  | 72,126 |  |  | 1,045 |  |  | 235 |  |  | 2,309 |  |  | 3.4 |
Agency eligible investor loans |  | 55,779 |  |  | 66,830 |  |  | 3.44 |  |  | 332 |  | 66 |  |  | 758 |  | 65,094 |  |  | 1,508 |  |  | — |  |  | 228 |  |  | 0.3 |
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 7,814,106 |  |  | $ | 8,175,387 |  |  | 6.86 | % |  | 240 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.8 | %
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 418,109 |  |  | $ | 506,828 |  |  | 4.83 | % |  | 267 |  | 59 | % |  | N/A |  | $ | 379,970 |  |  | $ | 44,731 |  |  | $ | 12,814 |  |  | $ | 69,313 |  |  | 16.2 | %
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | 705,424 |  |  | $ | 772,737 |  |  | 5.21 | % |  | 270 |  | 62 | % |  | N/A |  | $ | 444,491 |  |  | $ | 96,464 |  |  | $ | 31,560 |  |  | $ | 200,222 |  |  | 30.0 | %
Residential whole loans, total or weighted average |  | $ | 8,937,639 |  |  | $ | 9,454,952 |  |  | 6.04 | % |  | 234 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6.6 | %
December 31, 2022
|  | Fair Value / Carrying Value |  | Unpaid Principal Balance (“UPB”) |  | Weighted Average Coupon (2) |  | Weighted Average Term to Maturity (Months) |  | Weighted Average LTV Ratio (3) |  | Weighted Average Original FICO (4) |  | Aging by UPB |  | 60+ Delinquency %
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Past Due Days |
(Dollars In Thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  | 30-59 |  | 60-89 |  | 90+ |
Purchased Performing Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans |  | $ | 3,352,471 |  |  | $ | 3,671,468 |  |  | 5.13 | % |  | 351 |  | 65 | % |  | 733 |  | $ | 3,520,671 |  |  | $ | 56,825 |  |  | $ | 32,253 |  |  | $ | 61,719 |  |  | 2.6 | %
Transitional loans (1) |  | 1,411,997 |  |  | 1,431,692 |  |  | 7.78 |  |  | 12 |  | 66 |  |  | 746 |  | 1,348,815 |  |  | 6,463 |  |  | 2,234 |  |  | 74,180 |  |  | 5.3 |
Single-family rental loans |  | 1,375,297 |  |  | 1,485,967 |  |  | 5.74 |  |  | 324 |  | 69 |  |  | 737 |  | 1,442,095 |  |  | 8,431 |  |  | 7,978 |  |  | 27,463 |  |  | 2.4 |
Seasoned performing loans |  | 82,884 |  |  | 90,843 |  |  | 3.31 |  |  | 151 |  | 30 |  |  | 714 |  | 84,514 |  |  | 993 |  |  | 937 |  |  | 4,399 |  |  | 5.9 |
Agency eligible investor loans |  | 51,094 |  |  | 61,816 |  |  | 3.44 |  |  | 344 |  | 68 |  |  | 757 |  | 61,816 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 6,273,743 |  |  | $ | 6,741,786 |  |  | 5.78 | % |  | 271 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.1 | %
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 448,887 |  |  | $ | 554,907 |  |  | 4.66 | % |  | 277 |  | 63 | % |  | N/A |  | $ | 403,042 |  |  | $ | 48,107 |  |  | $ | 16,270 |  |  | $ | 87,488 |  |  | 18.7 | %
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | 796,109 |  |  | $ | 884,257 |  |  | 5.01 | % |  | 277 |  | 68 | % |  | N/A |  | $ | 444,045 |  |  | $ | 89,623 |  |  | $ | 40,554 |  |  | $ | 310,035 |  |  | 39.6 | %
Residential whole loans, total or weighted average |  | $ | 7,518,739 |  |  | $ | 8,180,950 |  |  | 5.64 | % |  | 272 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.1 | %
(1)As of December 31, 2023 Transitional loans includes $1.2 billion of loans collateralized by multi-family properties with a weighted average term to maturity of 14 months and a weighted average LTV ratio of 63%. As of December 31, 2022, Transitional loans includes $632.3 million of loans collateralized by multi-family properties with a weighted average term to maturity of 18 months and a weighted average LTV ratio of 64%. (2)Weighted average is calculated based on the interest bearing principal balance of each loan within the related category. For loans acquired with servicing rights released by the seller, interest rates included in the calculation do not reflect loan servicing fees. For loans acquired with servicing rights retained by the seller, interest rates included in the calculation are net of servicing fees. (3)LTV represents the ratio of the total unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated value of the collateral securing the related loan as of the most recent date available, which may be the origination date. For Transitional loans, the LTV presented is the ratio of the maximum unpaid principal balance of the loan, including unfunded commitments, to the estimated “after repaired” value of the collateral securing the related loan, where available. For certain Transitional loans, totaling $551.3 million and $223.2 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, an after repaired valuation was not obtained and the loan was underwritten based on an “as is” valuation. The weighted average LTV of these loans based on the current unpaid principal balance and the valuation obtained during underwriting, is 68% and 70% at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Excluded from the calculation of weighted average LTV are certain low value loans secured by vacant lots, for which the LTV ratio is not meaningful. 60+ LTV has been calculated on a consistent basis. (4)Excludes loans for which no Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score is available. (5)Excluded from the table above are approximately $103.7 million of Residential whole loans, at fair value for which the closing of the purchase transaction had not occurred as of December 31, 2023. During 2022, Agency eligible investor loans with an unpaid principal balance of $337.8 million were sold, realizing losses, before the impact of economic hedging gains and the reversal of previously recognized unrealized losses of $72.3 million. In addition, during 2022, the Agency eligible investor loan securitizations were deconsolidated from the Company’s financial statements which resulted in the de-recognition of Agency eligible investor loans with an unpaid principal balance of $598.0 million. During 2023, Non-QM loans with an unpaid principal balance of $101.2 million were sold, realizing losses, before the impact of economic hedging gains and the reversal of previously recognized unrealized losses, of $26.4 million. Allowance for Credit Losses The following table presents a roll-forward of the allowance for credit losses on the Company’s Residential Whole Loans, at Carrying Value:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars In Thousands) |  | Non-QM Loans |  | Transitional Loans (1)(2) |  | Single-family Rental Loans (4) |  | Seasoned Performing Loans |  | Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans (3) |  | Totals
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 7,359 |  |  | $ | 5,223 |  |  | $ | 1,277 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 21,407 |  |  | $ | 35,314 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (214) |  |  | 406 |  |  | 514 |  |  | (2) |  |  | (389) |  |  | 315 |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (2,003) |  |  | (451) |  |  | — |  |  | (113) |  |  | (2,567) |
Allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2023 |  | $ | 7,145 |  |  | $ | 3,626 |  |  | $ | 1,340 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 20,905 |  |  | $ | 33,062 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (233) |  |  | 999 |  |  | (103) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (394) |  |  | 265 |
Write-offs |  | (206) |  |  | (1,785) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (301) |  |  | (2,292) |
Allowance for credit losses at June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 6,706 |  |  | $ | 2,840 |  |  | $ | 1,237 |  |  | $ | 42 |  |  | $ | 20,210 |  |  | $ | 31,035 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (2,627) |  |  | 559 |  |  | 329 |  |  | (14) |  |  | 501 |  |  | (1,252) |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (881) |  |  | (235) |  |  | — |  |  | (110) |  |  | (1,226) |
Allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2023 |  | $ | 4,079 |  |  | $ | 2,518 |  |  | $ | 1,331 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 20,601 |  |  | $ | 28,557 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (2,208) |  |  | 230 |  |  | 3,123 |  |  | (7) |  |  | (8,975) |  |  | (7,838) |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (161) |  |  | (99) |  |  | — |  |  | (9) |  |  | (269) |
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 1,871 |  |  | $ | 2,587 |  |  | $ | 4,354 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 11,617 |  |  | $ | 20,451 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2022
(Dollars In Thousands) |  | Non-QM Loans |  | Transitional Loans (1)(2) |  | Single-family Rental Loans |  | Seasoned Performing Loans |  | Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans (3) |  | Totals
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 8,289 |  |  | $ | 6,881 |  |  | $ | 1,451 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 22,780 |  |  | $ | 39,447 |
Current provision |  | (909) |  |  | (1,460) |  |  | (122) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (975) |  |  | (3,467) |
Write-offs |  | (51) |  |  | (219) |  |  | (27) |  |  | — |  |  | (226) |  |  | (523) |
Allowance for credit and valuation losses at March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 7,329 |  |  | $ | 5,202 |  |  | $ | 1,302 |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 21,579 |  |  | $ | 35,457 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (199) |  |  | (23) |  |  | 174 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,877 |  |  | 1,830 |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (118) |  |  | (184) |  |  | — |  |  | (58) |  |  | (360) |
Allowance for credit losses at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 7,130 |  |  | $ | 5,061 |  |  | $ | 1,292 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 23,398 |  |  | $ | 36,927 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | (242) |  |  | 583 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 547 |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (114) |  |  | (61) |  |  | — |  |  | (107) |  |  | (282) |
Allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 6,888 |  |  | $ | 5,530 |  |  | $ | 1,314 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | 23,411 |  |  | $ | 37,192 |
Current provision/(reversal) |  | 471 |  |  | (13) |  |  | (37) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1,996) |  |  | (1,576) |
Write-offs |  | — |  |  | (294) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8) |  |  | (302) |
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 7,359 |  |  | $ | 5,223 |  |  | $ | 1,277 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 21,407 |  |  | $ | 35,314 |
(1)In connection with Transitional loans at carrying value, the Company had unfunded commitments of $2.5 million and $8.0 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, with an allowance for credit losses of $0 and $29,000 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Such allowance is included in “Other liabilities” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (see Note 7). (2)Includes $26.3 million and $56.1 million of loans that were assessed for credit losses based on a collateral dependent methodology as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (3)Includes $53.0 million and $48.5 million of loans that were assessed for credit losses based on a collateral dependent methodology as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (4)Includes $10.6 million of loans that were assessed for credit losses based on a collateral dependent methodology as of December 31, 2023. Prior to December 31, 2023, the Company’s estimates of expected losses that form the basis of the Allowance for Credit Losses included certain qualitative adjustments which had the effect of increasing expected loss estimates. These qualitative adjustments were determined based on a variety of factors, including differences between the Company’s loan portfolio and the loan portfolios represented by data available in regulatory filings of certain banks that are considered to have similar loan portfolios (available proxy data), and differences between current (and expected future) market conditions in comparison to market conditions that occurred in historical periods. Such differences included uncertainty with respect to any residual impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, anticipated inflation and increasing market interest rates, and heightened political uncertainty. The Company’s estimates of credit losses reflect the Company’s expectation that the performance of its portfolio may experience higher delinquencies and defaults compared to the performance in historical periods of portfolios included in the available proxy data. During 2023, the Company eliminated its qualitative adjustment and made updates to certain of its modeling assumptions which, in addition to a reduction in loan balances subject to allowances, caused a reduction in the overall allowance. Estimates of credit losses under credit losses on financial instruments (“CECL”) are highly sensitive to changes in assumptions and current economic conditions have increased the difficulty of accurately forecasting future conditions. The amortized cost basis of Purchased Performing Loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $266.9 million and $195.1 million, respectively. The amortized cost basis of Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $66.5 million and $80.5 million, respectively. The fair value of Purchased Non-performing Loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $315.4 million and $413.1 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized $14.9 million of interest income on loans on nonaccrual status, including $9.8 million on its portfolio of loans which were non-performing at acquisition. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were approximately $51.6 million and $71.7 million, respectively, of loans held at carrying value on nonaccrual status that did not have an associated allowance for credit losses because they were determined to be collateral dependent and the estimated fair value of the related collateral exceeded the carrying value of each loan, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company granted four loan modifications in its carrying value loan portfolio which gave borrowers term extensions. The average increase in weighted average life was 23 months. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of these loans were approximately $563,000. As of December 31, 2023, one of these modifications was delinquent for more than 90 days and three were current. The following table presents certain additional credit-related information regarding our Residential whole loans, at Carrying Value:
|  | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and LTV Bands
(Dollars In Thousands) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  | Total
Non-QM loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 43,610 |  |  | $ | 167,368 |  |  | $ | 395,894 |  |  | $ | 217,863 |  |  | $ | 824,735 |
LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 10,420 |  |  | 3,960 |  |  | 3,377 |  |  | 19,148 |
Total Non-QM loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,001 |  |  | $ | 177,788 |  |  | $ | 399,854 |  |  | $ | 221,240 |  |  | $ | 843,883 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 110 |  |  | $ | 206 |
Transitional loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 504 |  |  | $ | 3,915 |  |  | $ | 21,086 |  |  | $ | 7,782 |  |  | $ | 33,287 |
LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,180 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,180 |
Total Transitional loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 504 |  |  | $ | 3,915 |  |  | $ | 23,266 |  |  | $ | 7,782 |  |  | $ | 35,467 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 3,130 |  |  | $ | 1,639 |  |  | $ | 4,830 |
Single-family rental loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,234 |  |  | $ | 20,043 |  |  | $ | 91,040 |  |  | $ | 36,530 |  |  | $ | 158,847 |
LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 296 |  |  | 12,343 |  |  | 727 |  |  | 13,366 |
Total Single-family rental loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,234 |  |  | $ | 20,339 |  |  | $ | 103,383 |  |  | $ | 37,257 |  |  | $ | 172,213 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 160 |  |  | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 784 |
Seasoned performing loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 66,563 |  |  | $ | 66,563 |
LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,382 |  |  | 2,382 |
Total Seasoned performing loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 68,945 |  |  | $ | 68,945 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Purchased credit deteriorated loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 367,748 |  |  | $ | 367,748 |
LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 61,978 |  |  | 61,978 |
Total Purchased credit deteriorated loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 429,726 |  |  | $ | 429,726 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 534 |  |  | $ | 534 |
Total LTV <= 80% (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 55,348 |  |  | $ | 191,326 |  |  | $ | 508,020 |  |  | $ | 696,486 |  |  | $ | 1,451,180 |
Total LTV > 80% (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 10,716 |  |  | 18,483 |  |  | 68,464 |  |  | 99,054 |
Total residential whole loans, at carrying value |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 56,739 |  |  | $ | 202,042 |  |  | $ | 526,503 |  |  | $ | 764,950 |  |  | $ | 1,550,234 |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Total Gross write-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 278 |  |  | $ | 3,779 |  |  | $ | 2,283 |  |  | $ | 6,354 |
(1)LTV represents the ratio of the total unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated value of the collateral securing the related loan as of the most recent date available, which may be the origination date. For Transitional loans, the LTV presented is the ratio of the maximum unpaid principal balance of the loan, including unfunded commitments, to the estimated “after repaired” value of the collateral securing the related loan, where available. For certain Transitional loans, totaling $551.3 million at December 31, 2023, an after repaired valuation was not obtained and the loan was underwritten based on an “as is” valuation. The weighted average LTV of these loans based on the current unpaid principal balance and the valuation obtained during underwriting is 68% at December 31, 2023. Certain low value loans secured by vacant lots are categorized as LTV > 80%. The following tables present certain information regarding the LTVs of the Company’s Residential whole loans that are 60 days or more delinquent:
|  | December 31, 2023
(Dollars In Thousands) |  | Carrying Value / Fair Value |  | UPB |  | LTV (1)
Purchased Performing Loans |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans |  | $ | 102,252 |  |  | $ | 104,454 |  |  | 63.9 | %
Transitional loans |  | 113,772 |  |  | 119,936 |  |  | 65.1 | %
Single-family rental loans |  | 65,659 |  |  | 80,570 |  |  | 109.1 | %
Seasoned performing loans |  | 2,520 |  |  | 2,544 |  |  | 33.6 | %
Agency eligible investor loans |  | 188 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 73.4 | %
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 284,391 |  |  | $ | 307,732 |  |  |
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 66,089 |  |  | $ | 82,127 |  |  | 64.3 | %
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | 222,319 |  |  | $ | 231,782 |  |  | 70.7 | %
Total Residential Whole Loans |  | $ | 572,799 |  |  | $ | 621,641 |  |  |
|  | December 31, 2022
(Dollars In Thousands) |  | Carrying Value / Fair Value |  | UPB |  | LTV (1)
Purchased Performing Loans |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans |  | $ | 61,812 |  |  | $ | 61,719 |  |  | 67.9 | %
Transitional loans |  | 73,266 |  |  | 74,180 |  |  | 68.1 | %
Single-family rental loans |  | 27,466 |  |  | 27,463 |  |  | 72.9 | %
Seasoned performing loans |  | 4,127 |  |  | 4,399 |  |  | 42.2 | %
Agency eligible investor loans |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | %
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 166,671 |  |  | $ | 167,761 |  |  |
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 69,402 |  |  | $ | 87,488 |  |  | 74.8 | %
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | 296,697 |  |  | $ | 310,035 |  |  | 76.9 | %
Total Residential Whole Loans |  | $ | 532,770 |  |  | $ | 565,284 |  |  |
(1)LTV represents the ratio of the total unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated value of the collateral securing the related loan as of the most recent date available, which may be the origination date. For Transitional loans, the LTV presented is the ratio of the maximum unpaid principal balance of the loan, including unfunded commitments, to the estimated “after repaired” value of the collateral securing the related loan, where available. For certain Transitional loans, an after repaired valuation was not obtained and the loan was underwritten based on an “as is” valuation. Excluded from the calculation of weighted average LTV are certain low value loans secured by vacant lots, for which the LTV ratio is not meaningful. The following tables present the components of interest income on the Company’s Residential whole loans for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
|  | Held at Carrying Value |  | Held at Fair Value |  | Total
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |  | For the Year Ended December 31, |  | For the Year Ended December 31,
(In Thousands) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Purchased Performing Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-QM loans |  | $ | 47,471 |  |  | $ | 51,359 |  |  | $ | 75,517 |  |  | $ | 145,856 |  |  | $ | 98,384 |  |  | $ | 21,431 |  |  | $ | 193,327 |  |  | $ | 149,743 |  |  | $ | 96,948 |
Transitional loans |  | 1,346 |  |  | 7,810 |  |  | 22,424 |  |  | 148,083 |  |  | 67,714 |  |  | 10,705 |  |  | 149,429 |  |  | 75,524 |  |  | 33,129 |
Single-family rental loans |  | 11,167 |  |  | 15,314 |  |  | 24,863 |  |  | 82,974 |  |  | 53,661 |  |  | 9,306 |  |  | 94,141 |  |  | 68,975 |  |  | 34,169 |
Seasoned performing loans |  | 4,504 |  |  | 4,673 |  |  | 6,684 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,504 |  |  | 4,673 |  |  | 6,684 |
Agency eligible investor loans |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,372 |  |  | 30,361 |  |  | 11,667 |  |  | 4,372 |  |  | 30,361 |  |  | 11,667 |
Total Purchased Performing Loans |  | $ | 64,488 |  |  | $ | 79,156 |  |  | $ | 129,488 |  |  | $ | 381,285 |  |  | $ | 250,120 |  |  | $ | 53,109 |  |  | $ | 445,773 |  |  | $ | 329,276 |  |  | $ | 182,597 |
Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans |  | $ | 29,646 |  |  | $ | 33,427 |  |  | $ | 40,130 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 29,646 |  |  | $ | 33,427 |  |  | $ | 40,130 |
Purchased Non-Performing Loans |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 62,464 |  |  | $ | 78,520 |  |  | $ | 80,741 |  |  | $ | 62,464 |  |  | $ | 78,520 |  |  | $ | 80,741 |
Total Residential Whole Loans |  | $ | 94,134 |  |  | $ | 112,583 |  |  | $ | 169,618 |  |  | $ | 443,749 |  |  | $ | 328,640 |  |  | $ | 133,850 |  |  | $ | 537,883 |  |  | $ | 441,223 |  |  | $ | 303,468 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//310-10/tableOfContent + Details
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