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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________
FORM 10-K
_______________________________________________

☒ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____ to ____
Commission File Number: 000-26926
_______________________________________________

|  | ScanSource, Inc. |  |
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
South Carolina |  | 57-0965380
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6 Logue Court |  | 29615
Greenville, South Carolina |  | (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices) |  |  |

(864) 288-2432
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_______________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, no par value |  | SCSC |  | NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None.
_______________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. ☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates of the registran t at December 31, 2024 was $1,097,416,815, as compu ted by reference to the closing price of such stock on such date.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class |  | Outstanding at August 18, 2025
Common Stock, no par value |  | 21,884,508 shares

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant has incorporated by reference into Part III of this report certain portions of its definitive proxy statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which is expected to be filed within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.

Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) are included in the “Business,” “Risk Factors,” “Legal Proceedings,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” sections and elsewhere herein. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “intends,” “plans,” “hopes,” “forecasts,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “goals,” “projects,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “will,” and variations of such words and similar expressions generally identify such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this Form 10-K is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Except as may be required by law, we expressly disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or otherwise. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements as a result of a number of factors including, but not limited to the following, which are neither presented in order of importance nor weighted: macroeconomic conditions, including potential prolonged economic weakness, inflation and supply chain challenges, the failure to manage and implement the Company's growth strategy, the Company’s ability to realize synergies or other benefits from acquisitions, credit risks involving the Company's larger channel sales partners and suppliers, changes in interest and exchange rates and regulatory regimes impacting the Company's international operations, including new or increased tariffs, economic weakness and inflation, risk to the Company's business from a cyberattack, a failure of the Company's IT systems, failure to hire and retain quality employees, loss of the Company's major channel sales partners, relationships with the Company's key suppliers and channel sales partners or a termination or a modification of the terms under which it operates with these key suppliers and channel sales partners, changes in the Company's operating strategy and the other factors set forth in “Risk Factors” contained herein.

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Index to Financial Statements
TABLE OF CONTENTS

| Page
PART I |  | 1
Item 1. | Business | 1
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 9
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | 18
Item 1C. | Cybersecurity | 18
Item 2. | Properties | 19
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 20
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 20
PART II |  | 21
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 21
Item 6. | [Reserved] | 22
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 23
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 40
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 41
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 84
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | 84
Item 9B. | Other Information | 84
Item 9C. | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections | 84
PART III |  | 85
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 85
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 85
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | 85
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 85
Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 85
PART IV |  | 86
Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 86
Item 16. | Form 10-K Summary | 87
Signatures |  | 91

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Index to Financial Statements
PART I
ITEM 1. Business.
ScanSource, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries referred to as the “Company,” “ScanSource,” “we,” “us,” or “our” ) is a leading technology distributor connecting devices to the cloud and accelerating growth for channel sales partners across hardware, software as a service (“SaaS”), connectivity and cloud services. ScanSource enables channel sales partners to deliver solutions for their end users to address changing buying and consumption patterns. ScanSource uses multiple sales models to offer technology solutions from leading suppliers of specialty technologies, connectivity and cloud services. We provide technology solutions and services from more than 500 leading suppliers of mobility and barcode, point-of-sale (“POS”), payment terminals, physical security, networking, communications, connectivity and cloud services. The Company's two operating segments, Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory, represent the different sales models we use in executing our technology distribution growth strategy.
ScanSource was incorporated in South Carolina in 1992 and serves approximately 25,000 channel sales partners. Net sales for fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 totaled $3.04 billion. Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Se lect Market under the symbol “SCSC.”
Our channel sales partners include businesses of all sizes that sell to end users across many industries. Our channel sales partners include value-added resellers (“VARs”), advisors, independent sales organizations (“ISOs”), independent software vendors (“ISVs”), and managed service providers (“MSPs”). These channel sales partners provide us with multiple routes-to-market. We align our teams, tools and processes around all of our channel sales partners to help them grow through providing specialized expertise, creating efficiencies and generating end-user demand for business solutions. We enable our channel sales partners to create, deliver and grow technology offerings for end users across almost every vertical market in the United States, Canada, and Brazil.
Strategy
Our strategy is to drive sustainable, profitable growth by orchestrating complex, converging technology solutions through a growing ecosystem of channel sales partners leveraging our people, processes, and tools. Our goal is to provide exceptional experiences for our channel sales partners, suppliers, and people through operational excellence. Our technology distribution strategy utilizes multiple sales models to offer hardware, SaaS, connectivity and cloud services from leading technology suppliers to channel sales partners that solve end users’ challenges. Sc anSource enables channel sales partners to deliver solutions for their end users to address changing buying and consumption patterns. Our solutions may include a combination of offerings from multiple suppliers or give our channel sales partners access to additional services. As a trusted adviser to our channel sales partners, we provide customized solutions through our strong understanding of end-user needs.
Value Proposition
Our channel sales partners and supplier relationships serve as competitive advantages. From our pivotal position at the intersection of technology distribution trends, we provide robust value to both our channel sales partners and our suppliers. We make it easier for our channel sales partners and suppliers to deliver leading technology solutions that drive business outcomes for end users.
Value proposition for our channel sales partners:
•Deep specialization and technical expertise;
•Enable end-user consumption preferences;
•Industry-leading custom configuration services;
•Comprehensive pre- and post-sales solutions engineering and advanced technology support;
•Inventory availability;
•Solution selling via the Integrated Solutions Group,
•Flexibility and choice using ScanSource's multiple sales models; and
•Offer innovative financial solutions for our channel sales partners.
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Value proposition for our suppliers:
•Scalable reach with variable cost structure;
•Access to multiple route to market;
•Lower cost of channel sales partner acquisition;
•Channel sales partner recruitment, onboarding and enablement;
•Ongoing support for channel sales partner success;
•Opportunity to increase channel business; and
•Offering and managing channel credit.
Financial Strength
Our consolidated balance sheet reflects financial strength. Our strong balance sheet and cash generated from our business provide us with the ability to execute our capital allocation plan, which includes organic growth and strategic acquisitions. We have the financial flexibility to invest in our business and in future growth.
Business Segments
We operate our business under a management structure that enhances our technology distribution growth strategy. Effective July 1, 2024, the Company realigned its operating segments to represent the different sales models it uses in executing its technology distribution growth strategy. The two realigned segments are Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory. The Specialty Technology Solutions segment combines the Company's former operating segments, with the exception of the Company's Intelisys business. The Intelisys & Advisory segment includes the Intelisys and technology advisors businesses, including Channel Exchange (formerly known as intY USA), RPM Software and Resourcive. Both segments include recurring revenue.
The Company has reclassified certain prior-year amounts in the segment results to conform with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the condensed consolidated financial results. See Note 16 - Segment Information for descriptions of the Company's segments.
Specialty Technology Solutions Segment
The Specialty Technology Solutions segment operates in the United States, Canada and Brazil and includes specialty technology solutions distributed through a wholesale/resale sales model. This segment includes hardware, SAAS and subscription services. The specialty technology solutions include the following:
•Mobility and barcode - mobile computing, barcode scanners and imagers, radio frequency identification devices, barcode printing and related services;
•POS - Point of Sale systems, integrated POS software platforms;
•Payment terminals - Self-service kiosks including self-checkout, payment terminals and mobile payment devices;
•Physical security - video surveillance and analytics, video management software and access control;
• Networking - switching, routing and wireless products and software;
• Communications - voice, video, communication platform integration and contact center solutions; and
• Connectivity - managed connectivity and wireless enablement solutions.
Intelisys & Advisory Segment
The Intelisys & Advisory segment operates in the United States and consists of sales and services to both channel sales partners (Intelisys) and end users (Advisory). As a technology services distributor, or TSD, Intelisys distributes connectivity, cloud and next-generation technologies through an agency sales model. Channel sales partners also have access to SaaS and subscription-based services through the company’s proprietary tools, platforms and flexible routes to market. In addition to traditional telecom services, key technology areas include:
•Connectivity & SDN (Software-Defined Networking)
•CX (Unified Communications as a Service and Contact Center as a Service)
•Cloud/Data Center
•Security
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•Managed AI
•Wireless & IoT
By offering flexible routes to market and a robust solutions portfolio, this segment helps channel sales partners service a wide range of end users including businesses of all sizes from VSB (“Very Small Business”) to Enterprise size businesses.
Channel Sales Partners
Our channel sales partners, include businesses of all sizes that sell to end users across industries ranging from manufacturing, warehouse and distribution, retail and e-commerce, hospitality, transportation and logistics, government, education and healthcare, among others. Our channel sales partners provide us with multiple, specialized routes-to-market, including: VARs, advisors, ISOs, ISVs and MSPs. No single channel sales partner accounted for more than 10% of our total net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.
VARs
Within VARs, our channel sales partners include specialty technology VARs, direct marketers, IT system integrators, network integrators, service providers and cloud service providers. Specialty technology VARs focus on one or more technologies, providing specialized knowledge and expertise for technology solutions, such as tailored software or integrated hardware. Direct marketers provide a very broad range of technology brands to business, government, education and healthcare markets. IT system integrators and network integrators develop computer and networking solutions for end users’ IT needs. Service providers, managed service providers and cloud service providers deliver advanced multi-discipline services with customized solutions that bundle data, collaboration, cloud, network and digital telecommunication services for end users' needs.
Advisors
Advisors focus on selling traditional and next-generation technology solutions to end users through a consultative approach. Advisors earn monthly commissions on contracted sales orders as they build, operate, and grow their businesses based on a recurring revenue model. In addition to the technology solutions, some advisors will offer ancillary services, such as telecom expense management and professional services.
Independent Sales Organizations
ISOs focus on selling credit card processing and finding new merchant channel sales partners for credit card member banks. They offer on-going customer service and support and look to bundle hardware, software and processing services.
Independent Software Vendors
ISVs develop software, apps and integrated solutions. They generally focus on cloud solutions and sell or certify bundled hardware, software and service solutions.
Managed Service Providers
MSPs deliver outsourced IT services, managing end users’ infrastructure, networks, security, and cloud environments. They provide proactive monitoring, maintenance, and support, enabling businesses to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and focus on core operations.
Suppliers
We provide products and services from approximately 500 suppliers, including key suppliers AT&T, Avaya, Axis, Cisco, Comcast Business, Dell, Elo, Extreme, Five9, Fortinet, Hanwha, Honeywell, HP Poly, HPE/Aruba, Ingenico, Lumen, Microsoft, NiCE, RingCentral, Ubiquiti, Verifone, Verizon, Zebra Technologies and Zoom.
We provide products and services from many of our key suppliers in all of our geographic markets; however, certain suppliers only allow distribution to specific geographies. We typically purchase products directly from the supplier and our supplier agreements generally do not restrict us from selling similar or competitive products or services. We have the flexibility to
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terminate or curtail sales of one product line in favor of another due to technological change, pricing considerations, product availability, channel sales partner demand or supplier distribution policies.
Products from two suppliers, Cisco and Zebra, constituted more than 10%, of our net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.
•We have three non-exclusive agreements with Cisco. One agreement covers the distribution of Cisco products in the United States and has a two-year term. The second agreement covers the distribution of products in Brazil and has a two-year term. Each of these agreements must be renewed by written agreement, which is typically entered into prior to expiration. Either party may terminate these agreements upon 30 days' notice to the other party. The third agreement is an agency contract for North America and has a two-year term. Either party may terminate this agreement upon 60 days' prior written notice.
•We have three non-exclusive agreements with Zebra. One agreement covers sales of Zebra Enterprise Visibility & Mobility (“EVM”) products in North America and Brazil, while the other two agreements cover sales of Zebra Asset Intelligence & Tracking (“AIT”) products in North America and Brazil, respectively. The Zebra agreements each have a one-year term that automatically renews for additional one-year terms. Either party may terminate the EVM agreement upon 30 days' notice to the other party. Either party may terminate the AIT agreement for North America upon 60 days’ notice to the other party. Either party may terminate the AIT agreement for Brazil upon 90 days’ notice to the other party.
In addition to the agreements mentioned above, we have written agreements with almost all of our other suppliers. These agreements generally include the following terms:
•Non-exclusive distribution rights to resell products and related services in geographical areas (supplier agreements often include territorial restrictions that limit the countries in which we can sell their products and services):
•Short-term periods, subject to periodic renewal, and termination rights by either party without cause upon 30 to 120 days' notice:
•Stock rotation rights, which give us the ability, subject to limitations, to return for credit or exchange a portion of the items purchased; and
•Price protection provisions, which enables us to take a credit for declines in inventory value resulting from the supplier's price reductions.
Along with our inventory management policies and practices, these stock rotation rights and price protection provisions are designed to reduce our risk of loss due to slow-moving inventory, supplier price reductions, product updates and obsolescence.
We participate in various rebate, cash discount and market development funds offered by our suppliers to support expenses associated with selling and marketing the suppliers' products and services. These rebates and purchase discounts are largely influenced by sales volumes and are subject to change.
Our suppliers generally warrant their products that we sell and allow returns of defective products, including those returned to us by our channel sales partners. For certain of our product offerings, we offer a self-branded warranty program. We purchase contracts from unrelated third parties, generally the original equipment manufacturers, to fulfill our obligations to service or replace defective products claimed on these warranty programs. To maintain channel sales partner relations, we also facilitate returns of defective products from our channel sales partners by accepting for exchange, with our prior approval, most defective products within 30 days of invoicing. In addition, local laws may in some cases impose warranty obligations on the Company.
Offerings and Markets
We currently market over 65,000 products from approximately 500 hardware, software and service suppliers to approximately 25,000 channel sales partners. We sell products and services to the United States and Canada from our facilities located in Mississippi, California and Kentucky; into Brazil from facilities located within the Brazilian states of Paraná, Espírito Santo and Santa Catarina. We provide some of our digital products, which include SaaS and subscriptions, through our digital tools and platforms. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of the risks related to our foreign operations.
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Our offerings to our channel sales partners include hardware, software, services and connectivity across premise, hybrid and cloud environments. We believe that channel sales partners want to offer end users complete technology solutions that solve end-user challenges and deliver positive outcomes. We align our people, processes and tools to help our channel sales partners grow by providing more complex, converging technology solutions through a better understanding of end-user needs. We are able to provide a combination of offerings from multiple suppliers or give our channel sales partners access to additional services, including configuration, key injection, integration support and others to deliver solutions.
We provide our channel sales partners and suppliers with an array of pre-sale business tools and value-added services, including market and technology solution expertise, education and training, product configuration tools, technical support, logistics and channel financial services. These services allow our channel sales partners to gain knowledge and experience on marketing, negotiation and selling, to improve customer service, to profitably grow their business and be more cost effective. Our business is enhanced by our ability and willingness to provide the extra level of services that keep both our channel sales partners and suppliers satisfied.
We offer technology solutions and services that include the following:
•Mobility and Barcode: We offer automatic identification and data capture (“AIDC”) technology that incorporates the capabilities for electronic identification and data processing without the need for manual input. These solutions consist of a wide range of products that include portable data collection terminals, wireless products, barcode label printers and scanners. As AIDC technology has become more pervasive, applications have evolved from traditional uses, such as inventory control, materials handling, distribution, shipping and warehouse management, to more advanced applications, such as healthcare.
•Networking: Our networking products include wireless and networking infrastructure products. Networking products are integral to our technology solutions, serving as the backbone that connects devices and applications. Incorporating advanced networking technologies helps to ensure reliable data flow, seamless mobility, and secure communications, enabling our partners to deliver effective, scalable solutions that meet diverse end-user needs.
•Physical Security: We provide electronic physical security solutions that include identification, access control, video surveillance and intrusion-related products. Physical security products are used every day across every vertical market to protect lives, property and information. These technology solutions require specialized knowledge to deploy effectively, and we offer in-depth training and education to our channel sales partners to enable them to maintain the appropriate skill levels.
•POS: We provide POS solutions for retail, grocery and hospitality environments to efficiently manage in-store sales and operations. POS solutions include computer-based terminals, tablets, monitors, payment processing solutions, receipt printers, pole displays, cash drawers, keyboards, peripheral equipment and fully integrated processing units. These solutions may include self-service checkout, kiosks and products that attach to the POS network in the store, including network access points, routers and digital signage.
•Payment Terminals: We offer payment terminals, comprehensive key injection services, reseller partner branding, extensive key libraries, ability to provide point-to-point encryption, and redundant key injection facilities. We have the resources to deliver secure payment devices that are preconfigured and ready for use. In addition, we partner with ISVs to deliver to merchants integrated tablet POS hardware that a merchant may purchase outright or “as a service,” and offer merchant hardware support and next-day replacement of tablets, terminals and peripherals.
•Communications: We offer communications solutions, delivered through the cloud, on-premise or via a hybrid approach, such as voice, video, integration of communication platforms and contact center solutions. These offerings combine voice, video and data with computers, telecommunications and the internet to deliver communications solutions on-premise. Software and hardware products include IP-based telephony platforms, Voice over Internet Protocol systems, private branch exchanges, call center applications, video conferencing, desk phones, headsets and cloud-enabled endpoints. Cloud-delivered services, such as unified communications, contact center and video conferencing, enable end users to consume and pay for communications services, typically on a monthly subscription basis.
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•Connectivity and Cloud Services: We offer business communications services, including voice, data, access, cable collaboration, managed connectivity, wireless enablement solutions and cloud. We focus on empowering and educating channel sales partners so they can advise end users in making informed choices about services, technology and cost savings. Through our digital tools and platforms, we offer channel sales partners another way to grow their recurring revenue practices and take the friction out of acquiring, provisioning and managing SaaS offerings. We have contracts with more than 200 of the world’s leading telecom carriers and cloud services providers.
People and Culture
As a people-first organization, respecting and protecting our people and our channel sales partners is among our top priorities. From ensuring and supporting an inclusive and diverse workforce and partner base, providing a safe, healthy work environment, and working with suppliers and channel sales partners that share the same commitment, we are dedicated to doing what is right for our employees, channel sales partners and end users.
General
Our real competitive advantage is our people, who strive to help our channel sales partners grow their businesses. The foundation of ScanSource has always been based on strong values and a people-first culture and vision. In 2025, the Company was named one of the Best Places to Work in South Carolina for the eleventh consecutive year.
As of June 30, 2025, we have approximately 2,100 employees, of which approximately 1,400 are in the United States and 700 are located internationally in Canada and Brazil. We have no organized labor or trade unions in the United States.
Professional Development and Employee Engagement
We want to help our employees succeed—both personally and professionally. We focus heavily on the intellectual and professional development of our employees, and we strive to create an immersive working environment for them. To promote personal and professional growth, we also encourage our employees to pursue ongoing training and career development opportunities, and we provide tuition assistance and reimbursement for certain pre-approved continuing education programs and professional certifications. Our learning management system, The Hub, provides a modernized and engaging user experience for our employees at all levels. The ScanSource Management Academy is a program custom designed to develop all newly hired and promoted managers of people. The ScanSource Leadership Institute (“SLI”) is another important program that focuses on identifying and developing the next wave of senior leaders for the Company. The SLI program brings together twelve hand-selected leaders from across the Company for a two-week program of intensive training and development. This program promotes individual education and growth and nurtures cross-border and cross-functional collaboration among colleagues.
Employee outreach and engagement remain critical to the continued success and growth of ScanSource. Inclusion, participation, and appreciation are key components in retaining talent, maintaining our culture, and keeping employees engaged. In support of that, in 2023, we launched a global digital workplace, The Bridge, as our corporate intranet. We are excited to enhance global communication, increase employee recognition, and celebrate milestones through this engaging new platform.
We foster opportunities for employee engagement and have multiple avenues for communication, which allows all full-time employees to anonymously give us feedback on our workplace culture, employee programs and more. We also implement employee engagement surveys globally to gather feedback and build the best environment possible for our employees.
Benefits
We offer a comprehensive benefits package which includes traditional health insurance, as well as telemedicine alternatives, life insurance, disability insurance and work-life balance resources. The financial futures of our employees are important to us, which is why we have a 401(k) program with a market-competitive employer match, a performance-based bonus program and employee ownership opportunities for our employees through our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as well as our equity incentive grants. We also partner with Fidelity to provide employees access to knowledge and tools to help manage or plan for student loan debt. To further expand our financial wellness offerings, we offer workshops and webinars focused on student debt and general debt-counselling services.
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Health and Safety
We care about our employees’ overall well-being and encourage a healthy lifestyle, both physically and mentally. That’s why we offer dedicated resources to help foster a healthy work/life balance. We continue to build our “360you” program, which provides employees with extensive education and training/coaching opportunities, wellness and fitness challenges, and other valuable resources.
Inclusion and Belonging
One of our core values is to promote an environment that respects and values the diverse backgrounds, interests and talents of our employees. ScanSource is committed to a diverse and inclusive workplace with our comprehensive Inclusion & Belonging (I&B) program, led by our Vice President, People Development and Inclusion and an internal I&B Work Team. The Work Team is an employee-led group focused on sharing insights, ideas, and opinions from our employee base to support our goal of fostering a workplace of inclusion and belonging. Our I&B initiatives focus on awareness and education, employee network groups and community-focused events.
Board Role in People and Culture Management
Our Board of Directors (“Board”) believes that people and culture management is an important component of our continued growth and success and is essential for our ability to attract, retain and develop talented and skilled employees. We pride ourselves on a culture that respects co-workers and values concern for others. Our Board provides oversight of the Company's policies and strategies relating to talent including corporate culture, inclusion and belonging and employee development, as well as the Company's compensation principles and practices. Our Board, through the Compensation Committee, evaluates and approves the Company's compensation plans, policies and programs applicable to our senior executives. Our Board also engages in an active succession planning process.
Competition
We believe we are a leader in the specialty technology markets we serve. The market for technology products and solutions is highly competitive, both in the United States and internationally. Competitive factors include price, product availability, speed and accuracy of delivery, effectiveness of sales and marketing programs, credit availability, ability to tailor specific solutions to channel sales partner needs, quality and breadth of product lines and services and availability of technical and product information.
Our competitors include local, regional, national and international distributors, as well as suppliers that sell directly to resellers and to end users. In addition, our competitors include resellers that sell to franchisees, third-party dealers and end users. Competition has increased over the last several years as broad-line and other value-added distributors have entered the specialty technology markets. Such competition could also result in price reductions, reduced margins and loss of market share.
In our Specialty Technology Solutions segment, we compete with broad-line distributors, such as Ingram Micro and TD Synnex, in most geographic areas, and more specialized security distributors, such as ADI and Wesco. We also compete against other more specialized AIDC and POS distributors, such as BlueStar. In our Intelisys & Advisory segment, we compete against other technology service distributors including Avant and Telarus. As we seek to expand our business into other areas closely related to our offerings, we may encounter increased competition from current competitors and/or from new competitors.
Sales
Our sales organization consists of inside and field sales representatives located in the United States, Canada and Brazil. The majority of our channel sales partners are assigned to a dedicated sales representative or team whose main focus is developing relationships and providing our channel sales partners with solutions to meet their end-user’s needs. Our sales teams are advocates for and trusted advisers to our channel sales partners. Sales teams are responsible for developing technical expertise within broad product markets, recruiting channel sales partners, creating demand, negotiating pricing and reviewing overall product and service requirements of our channel sales partners. Our sales representatives receive comprehensive training with respect to the technical characteristics of suppliers’ products, supplemented by frequent product and service seminars conducted by supplier representatives and bi-weekly meetings among product, marketing and sales managers.
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Our sales teams also provide channel sales partners with online ordering, API, EDI and other information systems, allowing channel sales partners to easily gain access to product specifications, availability and customized pricing, as well as the ability to place and follow the status of orders.
Marketing
We market our technology solutions and services through a range of digital and print channels, including online product catalogs customized for our North American and Brazilian markets; social media; search engine optimization and marketing; content marketing; content automation; e-commerce and email direct marketing, among others. Our marketing practices are tailored to fit the specific needs of our channel sales partners and suppliers - ensuring we help our channel sales partners create, deliver and manage solutions for end users across our vertical markets. Our comprehensive marketing efforts include sales promotions, advertisements, management of sales leads, trade show design and event management, advertorials, content creation, partner events and training and certification courses with leading suppliers in an effort to recruit prospective channel sales partners.
Operations
Information Technology Systems
Our information systems are scalable and capable of supporting numerous operational functions including purchasing, receiving, order processing, shipping, inventory management and accounting. Our channel sales partners and employees rely on our information systems for online, real-time information on pricing, inventory availability and reservation and order status. Our warehouse operations use bar code technology for receiving and shipping and automated systems for freight processing and shipment tracking, each of which is integrated with our multiple information systems. The customer service and technical support departments employ systems for documentation and faster processing of channel sales partner inquiries. To ensure that adequate inventory levels are maintained, our buyers depend on the system’s purchasing and receiving functions to track inventory on a perpetual basis.
Warehouse and Shipping Strategy
We operate a 741,000 square foot distribution center in Southaven, Mississippi, which is located near the FedEx hub facility in Memphis, Tennessee, and primarily serves North America. We also operate warehouses in California and Kentucky. Our principal warehouses for our Brazil operations are located in the Brazilian states of Paraná, Espírito Santo and Santa Catarina. Our objective is to ship all orders on the same day, using technology to expedite shipments and minimize shipping errors. We offer reduced freight rates and flexible delivery options to minimize our channel sales partners’ need for inventory.
Financial Services
Our sales terms include trade credit; and various third-party financing options, which include leasing, flooring and other secured financing for qualified channel sales partners. These sales terms allow us to compete within our specific geographic areas to facilitate our growth plans. We believe these options reduce the channel sales partner’s need to establish multiple credit relationships.
Trade and Service Marks
We conduct our business under the trade names “ScanSource POS and Barcode,” “ScanSource Catalyst,” “ScanSource Communications,” “ScanSource Services,” “ScanSource Networking and Security,” “ScanSource Brasil,” “Network1, a ScanSource company,” “Intelisys,” “POS Portal,” “RPM Software, a ScanSource company,” “Advantix,” “Resourcive,” “Channel Exchange,” and "SCSC Cascade."
Certain of our tradenames, trademarks and service marks are registered, or are in the process of being registered, in the United States or various other countries. We have been issued registrations for many of our marks including, among others, “ScanSource,” “Catalyst Telecom,” and “Network1” in countries in our principal markets. Even though our marks are not registered in every country where we conduct business, in many cases we have acquired rights in those marks because of our continued use of them. These marks do not have value assigned to them and have a designated indefinite life. We do not believe that our operations are dependent upon any of our marks. We also sell products and provide services under various third-party
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tradenames, trademarks and service marks, some of which we reference in this report, and these tradenames, trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.
Additional Information
Our principal internet address is www.scansource.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference into this annual report. We provide our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, free of charge on www.scansource.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors.
The following are certain risks that could affect our business, financial position and results of operations. These risks should be considered in connection with evaluating an investment in our company and, in particular, together with the forward-looking statements contained in this Report because these risks could cause the actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. These factors are neither presented in order of importance nor weighted. Additionally, there are other risks which could impact us that we may not describe, because we currently do not perceive them to be material or because they are presently unknown. If any of these risks develops into actual events, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected, the market price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment in our common stock. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any risk factors, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Risk Factors Related to our Operations
People - If we cannot continue to hire and retain high quality employees, our business and financial results may be negatively affected.
Our operating results could be adversely affected by increased competition for employees, difficulty in recruiting employees, higher employee turnover or increased compensation and benefit costs. Our employees are important to our success and we are dependent in part on our ability to retain the services of our employees in key roles. We have built our business on a set of core values, and we attempt to hire and retain employees who are committed to these values and our culture of providing exceptional service to our channel sales partners and suppliers. In order to compete and to continue to grow, we must attract, retain and motivate employees, including those in executive, senior management, sales, marketing, logistics, technical support and other operating positions.
Many of our employees work in small teams to provide specific services to channel sales partners and suppliers. They are trained to develop their knowledge of products, services, programs and practices and channel sales partners business needs, as well as to enhance the skills required to provide exceptional service and to manage our business. As they gain experience and develop their knowledge and skills, our employees become highly desired by other businesses. Therefore, to retain our employees and attract new ones, we have to provide a satisfying work environment and competitive compensation and benefits.
Acquisitions - Our growth strategy includes acquisitions of companies that complement or expand our existing business. Acquisitions involve unique risks and uncertainties, including difficulty in identifying and completing potential acquisitions.
We have acquired, and may continue to acquire, companies that complement or expand our existing business in the United States and internationally, and some of these acquisitions may be in business lines where we have little, if any, experience. Acquisitions entail a number of risks, including that the acquired company will not perform as expected and that we will be responsible for unexpected costs or liabilities. In addition, increases in the size and complexity of our business may place a significant strain on our management, operations, technical performance, financial resources and internal financial control and reporting functions, and there are no assurances that we will be able to manage the acquisition process or newly acquired companies effectively.
Our personnel, systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to effectively manage our future operations, especially as we employ personnel in multiple domestic and some international locations. We may not be able to hire, train, retain and
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manage the personnel required to address our growth. Failure to effectively manage our acquisition opportunities could damage our reputation, limit our future growth, and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
We may be unable to identify acquisitions or strategic relationships we deem suitable. Even if we do, we may be unable to successfully complete any such transactions on favorable terms or at all, or to successfully integrate an acquired business, facilities, technologies, or products into our business or retain any key personnel, suppliers, or channel sales partners. Furthermore, even if we complete such transactions and effectively integrate the newly acquired business or strategic alliance into our existing operations, we may fail to realize the anticipated returns and/or fail to capture the expected benefits, such as strategic or operational synergies or cost savings.
Organic growth strategies - If we fail to effectively manage and implement our operating strategies, we may experience a negative effect on our business and financial results.
A significant component of our growth strategy is to expand our channels and expand our existing products and services in our existing channels and entry into new channels. These efforts may divert our resources and systems, require additional resources that might not be available (or available on acceptable terms), result in new or more intense competition, require longer implementation times or greater expenditures than anticipated and otherwise fail to achieve timely desired results, if at all. If we are unable to increase our sales and earnings by expanding our product and service offerings in a cost-effective manner, our results may suffer.
Our ability to successfully manage our organic growth will require continued enhancement of our operational, managerial and financial resources, controls, and models. Our failure to effectively manage our organic growth could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
IT Systems - Our ability to manage our business and monitor results is highly dependent upon information and communication systems. A failure of these systems could disrupt our business.
We are highly dependent upon a variety of computer and telecommunication systems to operate our business, including our enterprise resource planning systems. As we are dependent upon our ability to gather and promptly transmit accurate information to key decision makers, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected if our information systems do not allow us to transmit accurate information, even for a short period of time. Failure to properly or adequately address these issues could impact our ability to perform necessary business operations, which could adversely affect our reputation, competitive position, business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, the information systems of companies we acquire may not meet our standards or we may not be able to successfully convert them to provide acceptable information on a timely and cost-effective basis. Furthermore, we must attract and retain qualified people to operate our systems, expand and improve them, integrate new programs effectively with our existing programs and convert to new systems efficiently when required. Any disruption to our business due to such issues, or an increase in our costs to cover these issues, could have an adverse effect on our financial results and operations.
Our channel sales partners rely on our electronic ordering, information systems and website for product information, including availability, pricing and placing orders. A ransomware incident in 2023 disrupted our systems, and there can be no assurance that our systems will not fail or experience disruptions again in the future. Any significant failure or disruption of these systems could prevent us from making sales, ordering and delivering products and otherwise conducting our business.
Supply Chain issues, include a shortage of products, may increase our costs or cause a delay in fulfilling channel sales partner orders, completing services or purchasing products and services needed to support our internal operations, resulting in an adverse impact on our financial results.
Our business depends on the timely supply of products in order to meet the demands of our channel sales partners.
Manufacturing interruptions or delays, including as a result of the financial instability or bankruptcy of manufacturers, significant labor disputes such as strikes, natural disasters, political or social unrest, pandemics or other public health crises or other adverse occurrences affecting any of our suppliers’ facilities, could further disrupt our supply chain. We could experience product constraints due to the failure of suppliers to accurately forecast channel sales partner demand or to manufacture
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sufficient quantities of product to meet channel sales partner demand (including as a result of shortages of product components), among other reasons.
Our supply chain is also exposed to risks related to international operations. While we purchase our products primarily in the markets we serve (for example, products for United States channel sales partners are primarily sourced in the United States), our suppliers manufacture or purchase a significant portion of the products we sell outside of the United States, primarily in Asia. Political, social or economic instability in Asia, or in other regions in which our suppliers purchase or manufacture the products we sell, could cause disruptions in trade, including exports to the United States.
Supply chain issues, including a shortage of technology products and available services, may increase our costs or cause a delay in purchasing technology products needed to support our internal systems and infrastructure or operations, resulting in an impact on our operations and availability of our systems, which could result in a materially adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
Credit exposure - We have credit exposure to our channel sales partners. Any adverse trends or significant adverse incidents in their businesses could cause us to suffer credit losses.
As is customary in our industry, we extend credit to our channel sales partners, and most of our sales are on open accounts. We also provide financing to some Intelisys advisors based on their future commission flows. As we grow and compete for business, our typical payment terms tend to get longer, increasing our credit risk.
While we evaluate our channel sales partners' qualifications for credit and monitor our extensions of credit, these efforts cannot prevent all credit losses and any credit losses negatively impact our performance. In addition, for financial reporting purposes, we estimate future credit losses and establish reserves. To the extent that our credit losses exceed those reserves, our financial performance will be negatively impacted beyond what is expected. If there is deterioration in the collectability of our receivables, or if we fail to take other actions to adequately mitigate such credit risk, our earnings, cash flows and our ability to utilize receivable-based financing could deteriorate.
In addition, extending credit to international channel sales partners involves additional risks. It is often more difficult to evaluate credit risk with a channel sales partner or obtain credit protections in our international operations. Also, credit cycles and collection periods are typically longer in our international operations. As a result of these factors and other challenges in extending credit to international channel sales partners, we generally face greater credit risk from international sales compared to domestic sales.
Reliance on third parties - We are dependent on third parties for some services, including the delivery of a majority of our products, logistics and warehousing. Changes in shipping terms or the failure or inability of our third-party shippers to perform could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
We rely on third parties to perform certain services for our business and for our channel sales partners, which, if not performed by these third parties in accordance with the terms of the arrangement, could result in significant disruptions or costs to our organization, including monetary damages and an adverse effect on our channel sales partner relationships.
In particular, we are dependent upon major shipping companies, including FedEx and UPS, for the shipment of our products to and from our centralized warehouses. Changes in shipping terms, or the inability of these third-party shippers to perform effectively, could affect our responsiveness to our channel sales partners. From time to time, we have experienced significant increases in shipping costs due to increases in fuel costs and transit losses due to a congested supply chain. Increases in our shipping costs or transit losses may adversely affect our financial results if we are unable to pass on these higher costs to our channel sales partners.
In Brazil, we use third parties to provide warehousing and logistics services in order to provide cost-effective operations and scale in certain regions. The failure or inability of one or more of these third parties to deliver products from suppliers to us, or products from us to our channel sales partners, for any reason could disrupt our business and harm our reputation and operating results. We work closely with our third-party logistics and warehousing providers to anticipate issues, and also review public information regarding their financial health. However, issues may not be timely identified, which may lead to lack of or poor execution of services, loss or litigation. Additionally, deterioration of the financial condition of our logistical and warehousing
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providers could result in delayed responsiveness or delivery failure, which would ultimately affect our responsiveness to our channel sales partners and thus may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Inventory - The value of our inventory may be adversely affected by market and other factors.
Our business, like that of other distributors, is subject to the risk that the value of our inventory will be adversely affected by price reductions by manufacturers, by technological changes affecting the usefulness or desirability of our products or by foreign currency fluctuations. Some of our supplier agreements and certain manufacturers’ policies have some price protection and stock rotation opportunities with respect to slow-moving or obsolete inventory items; however, these protections are becoming less standard, subject to change, limited in scope and do not protect against all declines in inventory value, excess inventory, or product obsolescence, and in some instances we may not be able to fulfill all necessary conditions or successfully manage such price protection or stock rotation opportunities. In addition, these protections are not always reflected in supplier agreements and their application in a particular situation is dependent upon negotiations with our suppliers. As a result, we are required to write down the value of excess and obsolete inventory, and should any of these write-downs occur at a significant level, they could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Suppliers - Changes to supply agreement terms or lack of product availability from our suppliers could adversely affect our operating margins, revenue or the level of capital required to fund our operations.
Our future success is highly dependent on our relationships with our suppliers. A significant percentage of our net sales relates to products we purchase from relatively few supplie rs, including Cisco and Zebra. As a result of s uch concentration risk, terminations of supply or services agreements or a change in terms or conditions of sale from one or more of our key suppliers could adversely affect our operating margins, revenue or the level of capital required to fund our operations. Our suppliers have the ability to make adverse changes in their sales terms and conditions, such as reducing the level of purchase discounts and rebates they make available to us. In addition, our supplier agreements typically are short-term and may be terminated without cause on short notice. We have no guaranteed price or delivery agreements with our suppliers. In certain product categories, limited price protection or return rights offered by our suppliers may have a bearing on the amount of product we are willing to stock. Our inability to pass through to our channel sales partners the impact of these changes, as well as if we fail to develop or maintain systems to manage ongoing supplier programs, could cause us to record inventory write-downs or other losses and could have significant negative impact on our gross margins.
We receive purchase discounts and rebates from some suppliers based on various factors, including goals for quantitative and qualitative sales or purchase volume and channel sales partner related metrics. Certain purchase discounts and rebates may affect gross margins. Many purchase discounts from suppliers are based on percentage increases in sales of products. Our operating results could be adversely impacted if these rebates or discounts are reduced or eliminated or if our suppliers significantly increase the complexity of their refund procedures and thus increase costs for us to obtain such rebates.
Our ability to obtain particular products or product lines in the required quantities and our ability to fulfill channel sales partner orders on a timely basis is critical to our success. Our suppliers have experienced product supply shortages from time to time due to the inability of certain of their suppliers to supply products on a timely basis. Specifically, shortages of computer chips may lead to product constraints and adversely affect our sales volumes and product availability. In addition, our dependence on a limited number of suppliers leaves us vulnerable to having an inadequate supply of required products, price increases, late deliveries and poor product quality. As a result, we have experienced, and may in the future continue to experience, short-term shortages of specific products or be unable to purchase our desired volume of products. Suppliers that currently distribute their products through us, may decide to shift to or substantially increase their existing distribution with other distributors, their own dealer networks, or directly to resellers or end users. Suppliers have, from time to time, made efforts to reduce the number of distributors with which they do business. This could result in more intense competition as distributors strive to secure distribution rights with these suppliers, which could have an adverse impact on our operating results. We cannot provide any assurances that suppliers will maintain an adequate supply of products to fulfill all of our channel sales partner orders on a timely basis. Our reputation, sales and profitability may suffer if suppliers are not able to provide us with an adequate supply of products to fulfill our channel sales partner orders on a timely basis or if we cannot otherwise obtain particular products or product lines.
Increasingly, our suppliers are combining and merging, leaving us with fewer alternative sources. Supplier consolidation may also lead to changes in the nature and terms of relationships with our suppliers. In addition, suppliers may face liquidity or
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solvency issues that in turn could negatively affect our business and operating results. Any loss or deterioration of a major supplier relationship could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Channel Sales Partners - We operate in a highly competitive environment and good channel sales partner relations are critical to our success. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain and expand our channel sales partner relationships or acquire new channel sales partners.
Meeting our channel sales partners’ needs quickly and fairly is critical to our business success. Transactions with our channel sales partners generally are performed on a purchase order basis rather than under long term supply agreements. Therefore, our channel sales partners can choose to purchase from other sources, such as from competing distributor or directly from the supplier. From time to time, we experience shortages in availability of some products from suppliers, and this impacts channel sales partner decisions regarding whether to make purchases from us. Anything that negatively influences channel sales partner relations can also negatively impact our operating results. As a distributor in a channel business model our offerings could create channel conflict, and the channel programs offered by our supplier can change. These perceived channel conflicts and channel programs could impact our channel sales partner relationships and negatively impact our operating results and our ability to retain channel sales partners.
Channel sales partner consolidation also may lead to changes in the nature and terms of relationships with our channel sales partners. The loss or deterioration of a major channel sales partner relationship could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Economic recession, higher interest rates and inflation could result in some of our channel sales partners shuttering their businesses, thus negatively impacting our business.
Liquidity and capital resources - Market factors and our business performance may increase the cost and decrease the availability of capital. Additional capital may not be available to us on acceptable terms to fund our working capital needs and growth.
Our business requires significant levels of capital to finance accounts receivable and product inventory that is not financed by trade creditors. We have an increased demand for capital when our business is expanding, including through acquisitions and organic growth. Changes in payment terms with either suppliers or channel sales partners could also increase our capital requirements. We have historically relied on cash generated from operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility and secured and unsecured borrowings to satisfy our capital needs and to finance growth. While we believe our existing sources of liquidity will provide sufficient resources to meet our current working capital and cash requirements, if we require an increase in capital to meet our future business needs or if we are unable to comply with covenants under our borrowings, such capital may not be available to us on terms acceptable to us, or at all. We have a multi-currency senior secured credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., as administrative agent, and a syndicate of banks (the “Amended Credit Agreement”). The Amended Credit Agreement includes customary representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants such as a Leverage Ratio and Interest Coverage Ratio (each as such term is defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). In the event of a default, customary remedies are available to the lenders, including acceleration and increased interest rates.
In addition, the cost of borrowings under our existing sources of capital and any potential new sources of capital as a result of variable interest rates may increase, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition. Changes in how lenders rate our credit worthiness, as well as macroeconomic factors such as an economic downturn, inflation, rising interest rates and global economic instability may restrict our ability to raise capital in adequate amounts or on terms acceptable to us, and the failure to do so could harm our ability to operate our business.
In addition, our cash and cash equivalents are deposited with various financial institutions located in the various countries in which we operate. We endeavor to monitor these financial institutions regularly for credit quality; however, we are exposed to risk of loss on such funds or we may experience significant disruptions in our liquidity needs if one or more of these financial institutions were to fail or suffer bankruptcy or similar restructuring.
Litigation - We routinely are involved in litigation that can be costly and lead to adverse results.
In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in a wide range of disputes, some of which result in litigation. We are routinely involved in litigation related to commercial disputes surrounding our business activities, intellectual property disputes, employment disputes and accounts receivable collection activity. In addition, as a public company with a large shareholder
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base, we are susceptible to class-action lawsuits and other litigation resulting from disclosures that we or our officers and directors make (or do not make) and our other activities. Litigation is expensive to bring and defend, and the outcome of litigation can be adverse and significant. Not all adverse outcomes can be anticipated, and applicable accounting rules do not always require or permit the establishment of a reserve until a final result has occurred or becomes probable and estimable. In some instances we are insured or indemnified for the potential losses; in other instances we are not. An uninsured, under-insured or non-indemnified adverse outcome in significant litigation could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We can make no assurances that we will ultimately be successful in any dispute to which we are a party. See Item 3. “Legal Proceedings” for further discussion of our material legal matters.
Fair value measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets - Changes in the fair value of the assets and liabilities measured at fair value could have a significant effect on our reported earnings.
We have substantial goodwill. On at least an annual basis, we are required to assess our goodwill and other intangible assets, including but not limited to customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, for impairment. This includes continuously monitoring events and circumstances that could trigger an impairment test outside of our annual impairment testing date in the fourth quarter of each year, such as significant or sustained declines in the price of our common stock, substantial declines in business performance or changes in business management and strategy. Testing goodwill and other intangibles for impairment requires the use of significant estimates and other inputs outside of our control. If the carrying value of goodwill in any of our goodwill reporting units or other intangible assets is determined to exceed their respective fair values, we may be required to record significant impairment charges. In addition, our decision to dispose of certain of our operations has in the past and may in the future require us to recognize an impairment to the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets attendant to those operations. Heightened volatility in the securities markets caused by macroeconomic factors, changes in U.S. trade policy, geopolitical tensions and other factors outside of our control could also lead to impairment charges. Any declines resulting in a goodwill impairment or long-lived asset impairment may result in material non-cash charges to our earnings. Impairment charges would also reduce our consolidated shareholders' equity and increase our debt-to-total-capitalization ratio, which could negatively impact our credit rating and access to the public debt and equity markets.
International operations - Our international operations expose us to risks that are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks we are exposed to domestically.
We currently have significant facilities outside the United States. For fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, approximately 7.9% of our revenue was derived from our operations outside of the United States and Canada. These operations are subject to a variety of risks that are different from the risks that we face domestically or are similar risks but with potentially greater exposure. These risks include:
•Fluctuations of foreign currency and exchange rates, which can impact sales, costs of goods sold and the reporting of our results from operations and financial conditions, including the value of certain assets on our financial statements;
•Changes in international trade laws, trade agreements, or trading relationships affecting our import and export activities, including export license requirements, restrictions on the export of certain technology and tariff changes (including additional or retaliatory tariffs), or the imposition of new or increased trade sanctions;
•Difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods;
•Changes in, or expiration of, various foreign incentives that provide economic benefits to us;
•Labor laws or practices that impact our ability and costs to hire, retain and discharge employees;
•Difficulties in staffing and managing operations in foreign countries;
•Changes in the interpretation and enforcement of laws (in particular related to items such as duty and taxation), and laws related to data privacy and other similar privacy laws that impact our IT systems and processes;
•Global economic and financial market instability;
•Potential political and economic instability and changes in governments;
•Compliance with foreign and domestic import and export regulations and anti-corruption laws, including the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar laws of other jurisdictions, governing our business activities outside the United States, the violation of which could result in severe penalties, including monetary fines, criminal proceedings and suspension of export or import privileges; and
•Terrorist or military actions that result in destruction or seizure of our assets or suspension or disruption of our operations or those of our channel sales partners, suppliers or service providers.
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We have substantial operations in Brazil and face risks related to Brazil's complex tax, labor, trade compliance and consumer protection laws and regulations. Additionally, developing markets such as Brazil have greater political volatility and vulnerability to infrastructure and labor disruptions, are more likely to experience market and interest rate fluctuations and may have higher inflation. In addition, doing business in foreign countries such as Brazil poses additional challenges, such as finding and retaining qualified employees, particularly management-level employees, navigating underdeveloped infrastructure and identifying and retaining qualified suppliers, resellers, advisors and service providers, among other risks. Furthermore, in developing markets, such as Brazil, it may be common for others to engage in business practices prohibited by laws and regulations applicable to us, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or similar local anti-bribery laws. Our commitment to legal compliance could put us at a competitive disadvantage, and any lapses in our compliance could subject us to civil and criminal penalties that could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
In 2025, the U.S. announced a variety of additional tariffs on goods from multiple nations and trading blocks and has been targeted with reciprocal tariffs and other retaliatory actions in response. Although the implementation of many of these tariffs and retaliatory measures have been paused or delayed, negotiations and the state of international trade policy and relations continue to evolve. Additional tariffs, or the uncertainty around such tariffs, may cause disruptions to foreign and domestic supply chains or result in price increases. We have incurred, and expect to continue to occur, costs as it relates to these tariffs for the remainder of fiscal 2025 and the foreseeable future. We expect to continue to pass any price increases from our suppliers from tariffs to our channel sales partners, which may reduce demand. However, we cannot predict the ultimate impact of tariffs and their effects on the global macroeconomic environment on our financial condition or results of operations.
In addition, competition in Brazil is increasing. If we cannot successfully increase our business, our product sales, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Quarterly fluctuations - Our net sales and operating results are dependent on several factors. Our net sales will fluctuate from quarter to quarter, and these fluctuations may cause volatility in our stock price.
Our net sales and operating results may fluctuate quarterly and, as a result, our performance in one period may vary significantly from our performance in the preceding quarter, and may differ significantly from our performance forecast from quarter to quarter. The impact of these variances may cause volatility in our stock price. Additionally, any past financial performance should not be considered an indicator of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to anticipate results or trends in the future as our operating results may fluctuate significantly quarter to quarter. The results of any quarterly period are not indicative of results to be expected for a full fiscal year.
Centralized functions - We have centralized several functions to provide efficient support to our business. As a result, a loss or reduction of use of one of our locations could have an adverse effect on our business operations and financial results.
In order to be as efficient as possible, we centralize a number of critical functions. For instance, we currently distribute products to the majority of North America from a single warehouse in Southaven, Mississippi. Similarly, for our primary business operations, we utilize a single information system based in the United States for the majority of our North American operations, while our Brazilian operations utilize a separate system. While we have backup systems and business continuity plans, any significant or lengthy interruption of our ability to provide these centralized functions as a result of natural disasters, prolonged inclement weather, security breaches (including cyberattacks) or otherwise would significantly impair our ability to continue normal business operations. In addition, the centralization of these functions increases our exposure to local risks, such as the availability of qualified employees and increased competition for, or lack of access to, critical services, such as freight and communications.
Risk Factors Related to our Industry
Competition - We experience intense competition in all our markets. This competition could result in reduced margins and loss of our market share.
Our markets are fiercely competitive. We compete on the basis of price, product and service availability, speed and accuracy of delivery, effectiveness of sales and marketing programs, credit availability and terms, ability to tailor solutions to the needs of our channel sales partners, quality and breadth of product line and services and availability of technical and product information. Our competitors include local, regional, national and international distributors as well as hardware and service suppliers that sell directly to resellers and to end users. In addition, we compete with resellers and technology solutions
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distributors that sell to franchisees, third-party dealers and end users. Certain of our current competitors have, and potential competitors could have, greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we have and may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in channel sales partner requirements. Also, certain regional competitors, that are specialty two-tier or mixed model master resellers may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in channel sales partner requirements in their regions. Competition has increased for our sales units as broad-line and other value-added distributors have entered into the specialty technology markets. Such competition could result in price reductions, reduced margins and loss of our market share.
As a result of intense price competition in our industry, our gross margins and our operating profit margins historically have been narrow, and we expect them to continue to be narrow in the future. To remain competitive, we may be forced to offer more credit or extend payment terms to our channel sales partners. This could result in an increase in our capital requirements, increase our financing costs, bad debt expenses and could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. We may lose market share, reduce our prices in response to actions of our competitors, or withdraw from geographical markets where we do not believe we can earn appropriate margins. We expect continued intense competition as current competitors expand their operations and new competitors enter the market. Our inability to compete successfully against current and future competitors could cause our revenue and earnings to decline.
Disruptive technology - We may not be able to respond and adapt to rapid technological changes, evolving industry standards or changing channel sales partner needs or requirements, and thus may become less competitive.
The market for some of our products and services is subject to rapid technological change, evolving industry standards and changes in channel sales partner demand, which can contribute to a decline in value or obsolescence of inventory. Although some of our suppliers provide us with certain protections from a loss in value of inventory (such as price protection and certain return rights), we cannot be sure that such protections will fully compensate for any loss in value, or that such suppliers will choose to, or be able to, honor such agreements.
Our ability and our suppliers’ ability to anticipate and react quickly to new technology trends, including artificial intelligence developments, and channel sales partner requirements is crucial to our overall success, financial condition and results of operations. If our suppliers fail to evolve their product and service offerings, or if we fail to evolve our product and service offerings or to engage with desirable suppliers in time to respond to, and remain ahead of, new technological developments, our ability to retain or increase market share, profit margins and revenue could be adversely affected. Some of our competitors and our suppliers’ competitors may be better at adapting to disruptive technology or entering new markets. Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to adapt and manage our product and service offerings to meet channel sales partner needs at prices that our channel sales partners are willing to pay.
General Risk Factors
Cybersecurity risk - Ransomware or other cyberattacks, could cause us to lose valuable financial and operational data, we could be prevented from processing channel sales partner orders, ordering and tracking inventory, and efficiently operating our business, and could cause us to lose revenue and profits and incur significant costs. In addition, we could be subject to legal claims in the event of loss, disclosure or misappropriation of, or loss of access to, our channel sales partners’, business partners’ or our own information.
We make extensive use of online services and integrated information systems, including through third-party service providers. The secure maintenance and transmission of channel sales partner information is a critical element of our operations. Our information technology and other systems that maintain and transmit channel sales partner or employee information or those of our service providers or business partners may be compromised by a malicious third-party penetration of network security or impacted by the advertent or inadvertent actions or inactions of our employees, third-party service providers or business partners. With constant changes in the security landscape, experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our network security, or that of our third-party service providers and business partners, and misappropriate or compromise confidential information, create system disruptions or cause shutdowns. As a result, our channel sales partners’ information may be lost, disclosed, accessed or taken without our channel sales partners’ consent.
We are subject to laws and regulations relating to channel sales partner privacy and the protection of personal information. Any such loss, disclosure or misappropriation of, or access to, our channel sales partners’ or business partners’ information or our information or other data breach affecting such information can result in legal claims or legal proceedings, including regulatory
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investigations and actions, and may have a serious impact on our reputation and may adversely affect our businesses, operating results and financial condition.
In May 2023, we learned that we had been the subject of a ransomware attack. The attacker encrypted files that, in turn, made certain of our systems inaccessible until they were restored. This attack interrupted our ability to accept and process orders for approximately nine business days and resulted in the disclosure on the “dark web” of various information from our systems. Upon detection, we took immediate steps to address the incident, engaged third-party experts, and notified law enforcement.
We have taken steps to strengthen our existing IT security infrastructure and continue to implement additional measures to prevent unauthorized access to, or manipulation of, our systems and data. Although restoration is complete, there can be no assurance that we will not be a victim of a ransomware or other cyberattack again in the future.
Although we have insurance to offset financial losses incurred for events such as the ransomware attack we experienced in May 2023, there can be no guarantee that we will recover all insurance proceeds claimed or that the insurance will be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to cybersecurity breaches, cyberattacks and other related breaches. Insurance proceeds received related to the cybersecurity incident were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses of the consolidated income statement for the relevant period.
Economic weakness - Economic weakness and uncertainty, including the possibility of recession and heightened levels of inflation, tariffs and geopolitical uncertainty could adversely affect our results and prospects.
Our financial results, operations and prospects depend significantly on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions, the demand for our products and services, and the financial condition of our channel sales partners and suppliers. The macroeconomic environment, including the economic impacts of growth outlook, inflation, tariffs and shifting relations between the U.S. and other countries, continues to create significant uncertainty and may adversely affect our consolidated results of operations. In 2025, the U.S. announced a variety of additional tariffs on goods from multiple nations and trading blocks and has been targeted with reciprocal tariffs and other retaliatory actions in response. We are actively monitoring changes to the global macroeconomic environment and assessing the potential impacts these challenges may have on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We are also mindful of the potential impact these conditions could have on our channel sales partners, suppliers and end-user demand. We expect that any price increases from our suppliers resulting from tariffs would be passed through to our channel sales partners. We are mitigating these risks through strategic planning and maintaining financial flexibility, but we cannot predict the outcome of our mitigation strategies or the ultimate impact of tariffs and the global macroeconomic environment on our financial condition or results of operations.
Economic weakness and geopolitical uncertainty have in the past resulted, and may result in the future, in reduced demand for products resulting in decreased sales, margins and earnings. Economic weakness and geopolitical uncertainty may also lead us to impair assets, including goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, take restructuring actions or adjust our operating strategy and reduce expenses in response to decreased sales or margins. We may not be able to adequately adjust our cost structure in a timely fashion, which may adversely impact our profitability. Uncertainty about economic conditions also may increase foreign currency volatility in such markets, which may negatively impact our results. Economic weakness and geopolitical uncertainty also make it more difficult for us to manage inventory levels and/or collect channel sales partner receivables, which may result in provisions to create reserves, write-offs, reduced access to liquidity and higher financing costs.
Periods of elevated inflation contribute to increased costs for labor, materials and services. Although U.S. inflation rates have shown sings of moderating, the re-emergence of high levels of inflation in the countries in which we operate could further increase our costs and otherwise adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. We monitor changes to the macroeconomic environment; however, we cannot predict any future trends in the rate of inflation or the general state of the economy.
Foreign currency - Our international operations expose us to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that could adversely affect our results of operations.
We transact sales, pay expenses, own assets and incur liabilities in countries using currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Volatility in foreign exchange rates increase our risk of loss related to products and services purchased in a currency other than the currency in which those products and services are sold. We maintain policies to reduce our net exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations through the use of derivative financial instruments; however, there can be no assurance that
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fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates will not materially affect our financial results. Because our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, we must translate our financial statements into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect during each reporting period. Therefore, increases or decreases in the exchanges rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies we transact in may positively or negatively affect our results of operations. In addition, unexpected and dramatic changes in foreign currency exchange rates may negatively affect our earnings from foreign markets.
Increased government regulation - We may be subject to additional costs and subject to fines and penalties because certain governmental entities are end users of products that we sell.
Certain of our channel sales partners sell our products to government entities, which requires us to comply with additional laws, regulations and contractual requirements relating to how we conduct business. In complying with such laws, regulations and other requirements, we may incur additional costs. In addition, non-compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements also may expose us to fines and penalties, including contractual damages or the loss of certain contracts or business. We also may be subject to increased scrutiny and investigation into our business practices, which may increase operating costs and increase legal liability, as well as expose us to additional reputational risk.
ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not applicable.
ITEM 1C. Cybersecurity.
Risk Management and Strategy
Our cybersecurity risk management program is intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our critical IT systems and information. Our program is integrated into, and cybersecurity risks are among the risks evaluated and considered by, our broader enterprise risk management program, which is designed to identify, assess, prioritize and mitigate risks across the organization to enhance our resilience and support the achievement of our strategic objectives.
Our cybersecurity risk management program is led by our Vice President of Information Security, who manages our security team that is principally responsible for managing our cybersecurity risk assessment processes, our security controls, and our detection and response to cybersecurity incidents. Our program includes protocols for preventing, detecting and responding to cybersecurity incidents; cross-functional coordination; and planning for business continuity and disaster recovery. We rely on our information security management system supported by a set of policies based upon industry frameworks, including the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. We have a Cyber Incident Response Team (“CIRT”) in place to respond to prepare appropriate responses and respond to cybersecurity threats or incidents. Components of our program include:
•risk assessments designed to help identify and assess cybersecurity threats to our critical IT systems, information, and our broader enterprise IT environment;
•monthly, mandatory cybersecurity awareness training for our employees, covering such topics such as phishing tactics, ransomware and developments in the current landscape of cyber-threats;
•assessments of and improvements to, among others, disaster recovery testing, access control, remote access, personnel security, system and communications protection, media protection, change management, data backup and recovery, audit logging, vulnerability and patch management, physical security, configuration management;
•periodic engagement of independent security firms and other third-party experts, where appropriate, to assess, test, and certify components of our cybersecurity program, and to otherwise assist with various aspects of our cybersecurity processes and controls; and
•regular assessments of the design and operational effectiveness of the program’s key processes and controls by our internal audit team with the assistance of external consultants.
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We also have a cybersecurity incident response plan for the CIRT to assess and manage cybersecurity incidents, which includes escalation procedures based on the nature and severity of the incident including, where appropriate, escalation to the Board.
As part of our overall risk mitigation strategy, we maintain insurance coverage that is intended to address certain aspects of cybersecurity risks; however, such insurance may not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to cybersecurity breaches, cyberattacks and other related breaches.
As of the date of this report, we do not believe that any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of the May 2023 ransomware incident or any other previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our Company, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Despite our security measures, however, there can be no assurance that we, or third parties with which we interact, will not experience a cybersecurity incident in the future that will materially affect us. For more information on our cybersecurity related risks, see Item IA, “Risk Factors - “Cybersecurity risk.”
Governance
Our Board has primary responsibility for oversight of our cybersecurity and other information technology risks, including our plans to mitigate cybersecurity risks and to respond to data breaches.
The Board receives regular reports from our Chief Information Officer (“CIO”) on cybersecurity matters. These reports include a range of topics, including our cybersecurity risk profile, the current cybersecurity and emerging threat landscape, the status of ongoing cybersecurity initiatives, incident reports, and the results of internal and external assessments of our information systems. The Audit Committee of the Board also annually reviews the adequacy and effectiveness of our information and technology security policies and the internal controls regarding information and technology security and cybersecurity, and periodically receives updates from our internal audit function on the results of our cybersecurity audits and related mitigation activities. The Chair of the Audit Committee reports to the full Board on these discussions as appropriate. In addition, Board members periodically receive presentations on cybersecurity matters from external experts as part of the Board’s continuing education and overall risk oversight.
At the management level, our VP of Information Security leads our enterprise-wide cybersecurity program, and is responsible for assessing and managing our materials risks from cybersecurity threats. In performing his role, our VP is informed about and monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity risks and incidents through the management of, and participation in, the cybersecurity risk management program and other processes described above, including the maintenance and execution of our cyber incident response plan. Our VP reports to our CIO who, in turn, reports directly to our CEO.
Our CIO and our VP of Information Security are both experienced cybersecurity executives. Our CIO has nearly 30 years of experience and has held a variety of senior information technology leadership roles at multiple Fortune 500 organizations. Our VP has more more than 20 years of experience building and leading cybersecurity, risk management, and information technology teams. Members of our security team also hold industry-recognized cybersecurity certifications, including the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification.
ITEM 2. Properties.
Our fixed assets include office space and warehouses. Our principal locations and/or properties as of June 30, 2025, were as follows:
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Location | Approximate Square Footage | Type of Interest | Description of Use
United States |  |  |
Greenville, SC | 174,000 | Owned | Headquarters - Principal Executive and Sales Offices
Southaven, MS | 741,000 | Leased | Warehouse
Sacramento, CA | 53,000 | Leased | Sales and Administration Offices and Warehouse
Louisville, KY | 22,000 | Leased | Warehouse
Brazil |  |  |
Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil | 40,000 | Leased | Sales Office and Warehouse
Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brazil | 30,100 | Leased | Sales Office and Warehouse

Of the 174,000 owned square footage in Greenville, South Carolina approximately 40,000 square feet is subleased to an unrelated third party. Our primary North American distribution operations are located in Southaven, Mississippi. We utilize the logistical services of various third-party warehouses in the United States and Brazil. We also lease various additional sales offices and warehouse spaces, each approximately 20,000 square feet or less throughout the United States and Brazil.
Management believes our office and warehouse facilities are adequate to support our operations at their current levels and for the foreseeable future.
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings.
The Company and our subsidiaries are, from time to time, parties to lawsuits arising out of operations. Although there can be no assurance, based upon information known to us, we believe that any liability resulting from an adverse determination of such lawsuits would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our common stock is quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Ma rket under the symbol “SCSC.” As of August 18, 2025, there were approximately 800 holders of record of our common stock.
Stock Performance Chart
The following stock performance graph compares cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock over a five-year period with the Nasdaq Composite Index and with the Standard Industrial Classification (“SIC”) Code Index (SIC Code 5045 – Wholesale Computers and Peripheral Equipment and Software) for the same period. Total shareholder return represents stock price changes and assumes the reinvestment of dividends. The graph assumes the investment of $100 on June 30, 2020.

| 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  |
ScanSource, Inc. | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | 184 |  |  | $ | 174 |  |  |
NASDAQ Composite | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | 140 |  |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  |
SIC Code 5045 – Computers & Peripheral Equipment and Software | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 198 |  |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 178 |  |  | $ | 227 |  |  | $ | 261 |  |  |

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Share Repurchases
The following table shows the share-repurchase activity for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (in thousands except share and per share data):

Period | Total number of shares purchased (1) | Average price paid per share | Total number of shares purchased as part of the publicly announced plan or program (2) | Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plan or program (2)
April 1, 2025 through April 30, 2025 | 261,305 |  | $31.80 | 261,305 |  | $233,821,479
May 1, 2025 through May 31, 2025 | 220,897 |  | $38.66 | 220,897 |  | $225,280,529
June 1, 2025 through June 30, 2025 | 200,693 |  | $41.35 | 198,833 |  | $217,059,499
Total | 682,895 |  |  | 681,035 |  |

(1) Includes 1,860 shares withheld from employees' stock-based awards to satisfy required tax withholding obligations for the month of June 2025. There were no shares withheld during the months of April and May 2025.
(2) Our Board authorized a $100 million share repurchase program in May 2024, which does not have any time limit. In April 2025, our Board subsequently increased the authorization for the share repurchase program by an additional $200 million, which does not have any time limit. In fiscal year 2025, we repurchased 2,483,299 shares totaling $106.5 million under the share repurchase program, including excise taxes.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid a cash dividend. Under the terms of our credit facility, the payment of cash dividends is restricted.
ITEM 6. [Reserved].
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ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Overview
ScanSource is a leading technology distributor connecting devices to the cloud and accelerating growth for channel sales partners across hardware, SaaS, connectivity and cloud. We provide technology solutions and services from approximately 500 leading suppliers of mobility and barcode, POS, payment terminals, physical security, networking, communications, connectivity and cloud services to our approximately 25,000 channel sales partners located primarily in the United States, Canada and Brazil.
We operate our business under a management structure that enhances our technology distribution growth strategy. Our segments operate primarily in the United States, Canada and Brazil:
•Specialty Technology Solutions
•Intelisys & Advisory
We sell hardware, SaaS, connectivity and cloud solutions and services to channel sales partners that are designed to solve end users’ challenges. We operate distribution facilities that support our United States and Canada business in Mississippi, California and Kentucky. Brazil distribution facilities are located in the Brazilian states of Paraná, Espirito Santo and Santa Catarina. We provide some of our digital products, which include SaaS and subscriptions, through our digital tools and platforms.
Our key suppliers includ e AT&T, Avaya, Axis, Cisco, Comcast Business, Dell, Elo, Extreme, Five9, Fortinet, Hanwha, Honeywell, HP Poly, HPE/Aruba, Ingenico, Lumen, Microsoft, NiCE, RingCentral, Ubiquiti, Verifone, Verizon, Zebra Technologies and Zoom.
Recent Developments
Impact of the Macroeconomic Environment, Including Forecasted Growth, Inflation and Tariffs
The macroeconomic environment, including the economic impacts of forecasted growth, inflation, tariffs and shifting relations between the U.S. and other countries, continues to create significant uncertainty and may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In 2025, the U.S. announced a variety of additional tariffs on goods from multiple nations and trading blocks and has been targeted with reciprocal tariffs and other retaliatory actions in response. Although the U.S. has announced pauses on certain tariffs, negotiations and the state of international trade policy and relations continue to evolve. We are mindful of the potential impact these conditions could have on our channel sales partners, suppliers and end-user demand and we are actively monitoring changes to the global macroeconomic environment and assessing the potential impacts these challenges may have on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We expect to pass price increases from our suppliers resulting from tariffs to our channel sales partners. We are also mitigating risks through strategic planning and maintaining financial flexibility, but we cannot predict the outcome of our mitigation strategies or the ultimate impact of tariffs and the global macroeconomic environment on our financial condition or results of operations.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“the Act”) was signed into law. The Act permanently extends key provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, including 100% bonus depreciation, and introduces changes to the international tax framework. We are currently assessing the impact of the Act on our future effective tax rate, tax liabilities, and cash taxes.
Business Acquisitions
On August 8, 2024, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Secure Path Networks, LLC doing business as Resourcive ("Resourcive"), a leading technology advisor. Resourcive delivers strategic IT sourcing solutions to mid-market and enterprise businesses.
On August 15, 2024, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Advantix Solutions Group, Inc. ("Advantix"), a managed connectivity experience provider specializing in wireless enablement solutions.
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Cost Reduction and Restructuring Program
In September 2024, as part of a strategic review of organizational structure and operations, the Company executed a cost reduction and restructuring program to align our cost structure with demand expectations in our business. These actions are expected to result in approximately $10.5 million in annualized savings in selling, general and administrative expenses. In January 2025, we executed an additional cost reduction and restructuring plan. These actions resulted in approximately $10.0 million in annualized savings in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Our Strategy
Our strategy is to drive sustainable, profitable growth by orchestrating complex, converging technology solutions through a growing ecosystem of channel sales partners leveraging our people, processes and tools. Our goal is to provide exceptional experiences for our channel sales partners, suppliers and employees, and we strive for operational excellence. Our technology distribution strategy utilizes multiple sales models to offer hardware, SaaS, connectivity and cloud services from leading technology suppliers to channel sales partners that solve end users’ challenges. ScanSource enables channel sales partners to deliver solutions for their end users to address changing buying and consumption patterns. Our solutions may include a combination of offerings from multiple suppliers or give our channel sales partners access to additional services. As a trusted adviser to our channel sales partners, we provide customized solutions through our strong understanding of end-user needs.
Results of Operations from Continuing Operations
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated certain income and expense items as a percentage of net sales. Totals may not sum due to rounding.

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Statement of income data: |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %
Cost of goods sold | 86.6 |  |  | 87.8 |  |  | 88.1 |
Gross profit | 13.4 |  |  | 12.2 |  |  | 11.9 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 9.4 |  |  | 8.5 |  |  | 7.5 |
Depreciation expense | 0.3 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 0.3 |
Intangible amortization expense | 0.6 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.4 |
Restructuring and other charges | 0.2 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.0 |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 0.1 |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Operating income | 2.8 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | 3.6 |
Interest expense | 0.3 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.5 |
Interest income | (0.4) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.2) |
Gain on sale of business | 0.0 |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | 0.0 |
Other (income) expense, net | (0.2) |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 3.1 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 3.2 |
Provision for income taxes | 0.8 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.9 |
Net income from continuing operations | 2.4 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | 2.3 |
Net income from discontinued operations | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Net income | 2.4 | % |  | 2.4 | % |  | 2.4 | %

Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
Below is a discussion of fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. Please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 for a discussion of fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.
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Net Sales
We have two reportable segments, which are based on sales model. The following table summarizes our net sales results by business segment and by geographic location for the comparable fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | % Change Constant Currency (a)
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |
Sales by Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Specialty Technology Solutions | $ | 2,942,717 |  |  | $ | 3,167,549 |  |  | $ | (224,832) |  |  | (7.1) | % |  | (6.7) | %
Intelisys & Advisory | 98,093 |  |  | 92,260 |  |  | 5,833 |  |  | 6.3 | % |  | (0.2) | %
Total net sales | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | (218,999) |  |  | (6.7) | % |  | (6.5) | %
Sales by Geography Category: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 2,800,739 |  |  | $ | 2,921,172 |  |  | $ | (120,433) |  |  | (4.1) | % |  | (5.2) | %
International | 240,071 |  |  | 338,637 |  |  | (98,566) |  |  | (29.1) | % |  | (18.5) | %
Total net sales | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | (218,999) |  |  | (6.7) | % |  | (6.5) | %
(a) A reconciliation of non-GAAP net sales in constant currency, excluding acquisitions and divestitures is presented at the end of Results of Operations, under Non-GAAP Financial Information.

Specialty Technology Solutions
The Specialty Technology Solutions segment consists of sales to channel sales partners in the United States, Canada and Brazil. During fiscal year 2025, net sales for this segment decreased $224.8 million, or 7.1%, compared to fiscal year 2024. Excluding the impact from foreign exchange fluctuations and the impact of divestitures and acquisitions, adjusted net sales for fiscal year 2025 decreased $212.3 million, or 6.7%, compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease in net sales and in adjusted net sales is primarily due to a more cautious technology spending environment in the first half of the fiscal year.
Intelisys & Advisory
The Intelisys & Advisory segment consists of sales and services to both channel sales partners (Intelisys) and end users (Advisory) in t he United States. During fiscal year 2025, net sales for this segment increased $5.8 million, or 6.3%, compared to fiscal year 2024. The increase in net sales reflects the addition of an acquisition. Excluding the impact from foreign exchange rate fluctuations and the impact from acquisitions, adjusted net sales decreased $0.2 million, or 0.2%, compared to the prior year primarily due to a more cautious technology spending environment.
For fiscal year 2025, Intelisys net billings, which are amounts billed by suppliers to end users and represents annual recurring revenue, totaled approximately $2.79 billion, an increase of 4.5%. The fiscal year 2025 Intelisys net billings resulted in Intelisys net sales of approximately $85.6 million. For our Intelisys business, net sales reflect the net commissions received from suppliers after paying channel sales partner commissions.

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Gross Profit
The following table summarizes our gross profit for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % of Sales June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Specialty Technology Solutions | $ | 311,402 |  |  | $ | 307,257 |  |  | $ | 4,145 |  |  | 1.3 | % |  | 10.6 | % |  | 9.7 | %
Intelisys & Advisory | 97,244 |  |  | 91,795 |  |  | 5,449 |  |  | 5.9 | % |  | 99.1 | % |  | 99.5 | %
Total gross profit | $ | 408,646 |  |  | $ | 399,052 |  |  | $ | 9,594 |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | 13.4 | % |  | 12.2 | %

Our gross profit is primarily affected by sales volume and gross margin mix. Gross margin mix is impacted by multiple factors, which include sales mix (proportion of sales of higher margin products or services relative to total sales), supplier program recognition (consisting of volume rebates, inventory price changes and purchase discounts) and freight costs. Increases in supplier program recognition decrease cost of goods sold, thereby increasing gross profit. Net sales derived from our Intelisys business contribute 100% to our gross profit dollars and margin as they have no associated cost of goods sold.
Specialty Technology Solutions
For the Specialty Technology Solutions segment, gross profit dollars increased $4.1 million. Gross margin mix positively impacted gross profit by $26.0 million, largely from favorable supplier program recognition and favorable sales mix partially offset by higher freight costs. Lower sales volume, after considering the associated cost of goods sold, impacted gross profit decline by $21.8 million for the current fiscal year. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the gross profit margin increased 88 basis points over the prior-year to 10.6%.
Intelisys & Advisory
For the Intelisys & Advisory segment, gross profit dollars increased $5.4 million. Higher sales volume, largely due to the impact of our Resourcive acquisition increased gross profit dollars by $5.8 million. Gross profit margin decreased 36 basis points over the prior fiscal year to 99.1%, reflecting the addition of professional services to the sales mix.

Operating expenses
The following table summarizes our operating expenses for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % of Sales June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 286,934 |  |  | $ | 277,428 |  |  | $ | 9,506 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  | 9.4 | % |  | 8.5 | %
Depreciation expense | 10,004 |  |  | 11,219 |  |  | (1,215) |  |  | (10.8) | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 0.3 | %
Intangible amortization expense | 19,227 |  |  | 15,723 |  |  | 3,504 |  |  | 22.3 | % |  | 0.6 | % |  | 0.5 | %
Restructuring and other charges | 5,381 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | 1,023 |  |  | 23.5 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 0.1 | %
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 1,900 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | *nm |  | 0.1 | % |  | — | %
Operating expenses | $ | 323,446 |  |  | $ | 308,728 |  |  | $ | 14,718 |  |  | 4.8 | % |  | 10.6 | % |  | 9.5 | %

*nm - not meaningful
Selling, general and administr ative expenses (“SG&A”) increased $9.5 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 compared to the prior year. The increase in SG&A expenses is primarily attributable to increased costs related to acquisitions.
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Depreciation expense decreased $1.2 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease is primarily related to IT assets that became fully depreciated in the current year.
Intangible amortization expense increased $3.5 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 compared to the prior fiscal year. The increase is a result of intangible assets acquired in our acquisitions of Advantix and Resourcive.
Restructuring and other charges of $5.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 increased $1.0 million compared to the prior year, which primarily related to employee separation and benefit costs in connection with our expense reduction and restructuring plans implemented during fiscal year 2025.
We present changes in fair value of the contingent consideration owed to the former shareholders of businesses that we acquire as a separate line item in operating expenses. We recorded a fair value adjustment expense of $1.9 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. The expense from changes in fair value of contingent consideration is largely due to the recurring amortization of the unrecognized fair value discount.

Operating Income
The following table summarizes our operating income for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % of Sales June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Specialty Technology Solutions | $ | 66,049 |  |  | $ | 66,678 |  |  | $ | (629) |  |  | (0.9) | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 2.1 | %
Intelisys & Advisory | 27,214 |  |  | 30,595 |  |  | (3,381) |  |  | (11.1) | % |  | 27.7 | % |  | 33.2 | %
Corporate | (8,063) |  |  | (6,949) |  |  | (1,114) |  |  | 16.0 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Total operating income | $ | 85,200 |  |  | $ | 90,324 |  |  | $ | (5,124) |  |  | (5.7) | % |  | 2.8 | % |  | 2.8 | %

Specialty Technology Solutions
For the Specialty Technology Solutions segment, operating income decreased $0.6 million, and operating margin increased 14 basis points to 2.2% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease in operating income is primarily due to higher information technology and consulting related costs as well as higher amortization related to recent acquisitions.
Intelisys & Advisory
For the Intelisys & Advisory segment, operating income decreased $3.4 million with the operating margin decreasing to 27.7% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease in operating income is largely due to higher costs, including change in fair value expense related to a recent acquisition.
Corporate
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, Corporate operating loss totaled $8.1 million which represents $5.4 million in restructuring expenses, $1.6 million legal settlement, $0.9 million of acquisition and divestiture costs and $0.2 million in cyberattack restoration charges. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 Corporate incurred a loss of $6.9 million which represents $4.4 million in restructuring expenses, $1.7 million of acquisition and divestiture costs as well as $0.9 million in cyberattack restoration charges.

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Total Other (Income) Expense
The following table summarizes our total other (income) expense for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % of Sales June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | $ | 8,013 |  |  | $ | 13,031 |  |  | $ | (5,018) |  |  | (38.5) | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 0.4 | %
Interest income | (11,247) |  |  | (9,381) |  |  | (1,866) |  |  | 19.9 | % |  | (0.4) | % |  | (0.3) | %
Net foreign exchange losses | 755 |  |  | 2,198 |  |  | (1,443) |  |  | (65.7) | % |  | — | % |  | 0.1 | %
Gain on sale of business | — |  |  | (14,155) |  |  | 14,155 |  |  | *nm |  | — | % |  | (0.4) | %
Other, net | (6,717) |  |  | (1,210) |  |  | (5,507) |  |  | 455.1 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | — | %
Total other (income) expense | $ | (9,196) |  |  | $ | (9,517) |  |  | $ | 321 |  |  | (3.4) | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | (0.3) | %

Interest expense consists primarily of interest incurred on borrowings, non-utilization fees charged on the revolving credit facility and amortization of debt issuance costs. Interest expense decreased in fiscal year 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily from lower average borrowings on our multi-currency revolving credit facility.
Interest income for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 increased compared to fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 primarily from interest earned on higher cash balances throughout the fiscal year in the United States.
Net foreign exchange gains and losses consist of foreign currency transactional and functional currency re-measurements, offset by net foreign exchange forward contracts gains and losses. Foreign exchange gains and losses are generated primarily as the result of fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Brazilian real and the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar. We partially offset foreign currency exposure with the use of foreign exchange contracts to hedge against these exposures. The costs associated with foreign exchange contracts are included in the net foreign exchange losses.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 we recognized a $14.2 million gain on sale of our UK-based intY business.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 we recognized a gain of $6.7 million as a result of an insurance recovery in connection with the cybersecurity attack in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023.

Provision for Income Taxes
Income tax expense for continuing operations was $22.8 million and $22.8 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, reflecting effective tax rates of 24.2% and 22.8%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate for fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 is primarily the result of the tax treatment of the intY UK divestiture in the 2024 fiscal year, an increase in non-deductible expenses, and an increase in global intangible low taxed income tax.
In December of 2021, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ("OECD") released Pillar Two Model Rules defining the global minimum tax rules, which contemplate a global minimum tax rate of 15%. Several member countries have enacted Pillar Two provisions that are effective in fiscal year 2025. The Company believes it qualifies for safe harbor exemptions in many of these jurisdictions and any remaining impact to future effective tax rates and corporate tax liability will be minimal.
We expect the fiscal year 2026 effective tax rate from continuing operations to be approximately 27.2% to 28.2%. See Note 13 - Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion including an effective tax rate reconciliation.
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Non-GAAP Financial Information
Evaluating Financial Condition and Operating Performance
In addition to disclosing results that are determined in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP” or “GAAP”), we also disclose certain non-GAAP financial measures. These measures include non-GAAP operating income; non-GAAP pre-tax income; non-GAAP net income; non-GAAP EPS; adjusted earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”); adjusted return on invested capital (“adjusted ROIC”); and constant currency. Constant currency is a measure that excludes the translation exchange impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates between reporting periods and certain impacts related to acquisitions and divestitures. We use non-GAAP financial measures to better understand and evaluate performance, including comparisons from period to period.
These non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and the non-GAAP financial measures that we report may not be comparable to similarly titled amounts reported by other companies. Analysis of results and outlook on a non-GAAP basis should be considered in addition to, and not in substitution for or as superior to, measurements of financial performance prepared in accordance with US GAAP.
Adjusted Return on Invested Capital
Adjusted ROIC assists us in comparing our performance over various reporting periods on a consistent basis because it removes from our operating results the impact of items that do not reflect our core operating performance. We believe the calculation of adjusted ROIC provides useful information to investors and is an additional relevant comparison of our performance during the year.
Adjusted EBITDA starts with net income and adds back interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation expense, amortization of intangible assets, changes in fair value of contingent consideration, non-cash shared-based compensation expense and other non-GAAP adjustments. Since adjusted EBITDA excludes some non-cash costs of investing in our business and people, we believe that adjusted EBITDA shows the profitability from our business operations more clearly.
We calculate adjusted ROIC as adjusted EBITDA, divided by invested capital. Invested capital is defined as average equity plus average daily funded interest-bearing debt for the period. The following table summarizes annualized adjusted ROIC for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

| 2025 |  | 2024
Adjusted return on invested capital ratio | 13.6 | % |  | 12.4 | %

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The components of our adjusted ROIC calculation and reconciliation to our financial statements are shown, as follows:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Reconciliation of net income to adjusted EBITDA: |
Net income from continuing operations (GAAP) | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |
Plus: Interest expense | 8,013 |  |  | 13,031 |
Plus: Income taxes | 22,848 |  |  | 22,781 |
Plus: Depreciation and amortization | 30,195 |  |  | 28,009 |
EBITDA (non-GAAP) | 132,604 |  |  | 140,881 |
Plus: Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 1,900 |  |  | — |
Plus: Share-based compensation | 11,062 |  |  | 9,537 |
Plus: Acquisition and divestiture costs(a) | 926 |  |  | 1,717 |
Plus: Cyberattack restoration costs | 177 |  |  | 874 |
Plus: Restructuring costs | 5,381 |  |  | 4,358 |
Plus: Tax recovery | (3,041) |  |  | (2,558) |
Plus: Legal settlement | 1,579 |  |  | — |
Plus: Insurance recovery, net of payments | (5,928) |  |  | — |
Plus: Gain on sale of business | — |  |  | (14,155) |
Adjusted EBITDA (numerator for adjusted ROIC) (non-GAAP) | $ | 144,660 |  |  | $ | 140,654 |

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Invested capital calculations: |
Equity – beginning of the year | $ | 924,255 |  |  | $ | 905,298 |
Equity – end of the year | 906,409 |  |  | 924,255 |
Plus: Change in fair value of contingent consideration, net | 1,432 |  |  | — |
Plus: Share-based compensation, net | 8,310 |  |  | 7,120 |
Plus: Acquisition and divestiture costs(a) | 926 |  |  | 1,717 |
Plus: Cyberattack restoration costs, net | 133 |  |  | 655 |
Plus: Restructuring, net | 4,054 |  |  | 3,262 |
Plus: Tax recovery, net | (4,072) |  |  | (2,566) |
Plus: Legal settlement, net | 1,189 |  |  | — |
Plus: Insurance recovery, net | (4,466) |  |  | — |
Plus: Gain on sale of business | — |  |  | (14,155) |
Average equity | 919,085 |  |  | 912,793 |
Average funded debt(b) | 141,173 |  |  | 220,528 |
Invested capital (denominator for adjusted ROIC) (non-GAAP) | $ | 1,060,258 |  |  | $ | 1,133,321 |

(a) Acquisition and divestiture costs are generally non-deductible for tax purposes.
(b) Average funded debt is calculated as the daily average amounts outstanding on our short-term and long-term interest-bearing debt.
Net Sales in Constant Currency, Excluding Acquisitions and Divestitures
We make references to “constant currency,” a non-GAAP performance measure that excludes the foreign exchange rate impact from fluctuations in the average foreign exchange rates between reporting periods. Constant currency is calculated by translating current period results from currencies other than the U.S. dollar into U.S. dollars using the comparable average foreign exchange rates from the prior fiscal year period. We also exclude the impact of acquisitions and divestitures prior to the
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first full year of operations from the acquisition or divestiture date in order to show net sales results on an organic basis. This information is provided to analyze underlying trends without the translation impact of fluctuations in foreign currency rates and the impact of acquisitions or divestitures. Below we show organic growth by providing a non-GAAP reconciliation of net sales in constant currency, excluding acquisitions and divestitures:

Net Sales by Segment: |  |  |  |  |
| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |  |  |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Specialty Technology Solutions: | (in thousands) |  |
Net sales, reported | $ | 2,942,717 |  |  | $ | 3,167,549 |  |  | $ | (224,832) |  |  | (7.1) | %
Foreign exchange impact(a) | 32,754 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Acquisitions | (24,199) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Divestitures | — |  |  | (4,019) |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP net sales, constant currency | $ | 2,951,272 |  |  | $ | 3,163,530 |  |  | $ | (212,258) |  |  | (6.7) | %
Intelisys & Advisory: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales, reported | $ | 98,093 |  |  | 92,260 |  |  | $ | 5,833 |  |  | 6.3 | %
Foreign exchange impact(a) | (19) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Acquisitions | (5,978) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP net sales, constant currency | $ | 92,096 |  |  | $ | 92,260 |  |  | $ | (164) |  |  | (0.2) | %
Consolidated: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales, reported | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | (218,999) |  |  | (6.7) | %
Foreign exchange impact(a) | 32,735 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Acquisitions | (30,177) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Divestitures | — |  |  | (4,019) |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP net sales, constant currency | $ | 3,043,368 |  |  | $ | 3,255,790 |  |  | $ | (212,422) |  |  | (6.5) | %
(a) Year-over-year net sales growth rate excluding the translation impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Calculated by translating the net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 into U.S. dollars using the average foreign exchange rates for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

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Net Sales by Geography: |  |  |  |  |
| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |  |  |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
United States and Canada: | (in thousands) |  |
Net sales, as reported | $ | 2,800,739 |  |  | $ | 2,921,172 |  |  | $ | (120,433) |  |  | (4.1) | %
Less: Acquisitions | (30,177) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Net sales, excluding acquisitions | $ | 2,770,562 |  |  | $ | 2,921,172 |  |  | $ | (150,610) |  |  | (5.2) | %
International: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales, reported | $ | 240,071 |  |  | $ | 338,637 |  |  | $ | (98,566) |  |  | (29.1) | %
Foreign exchange impact(a) | 32,735 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Divestitures | — |  |  | (4,019) |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP net sales, constant currency | $ | 272,806 |  |  | $ | 334,618 |  |  | $ | (61,812) |  |  | (18.5) | %
Consolidated: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales, reported | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | (218,999) |  |  | (6.7) | %
Foreign exchange impact(a) | 32,735 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Acquisitions | (30,177) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Divestitures | — |  |  | (4,019) |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP net sales, constant currency | $ | 3,043,368 |  |  | $ | 3,255,790 |  |  | $ | (212,422) |  |  | (6.5) | %
(a) Year-over-year net sales growth rate excluding the translation impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Calculated by translating the net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 into U.S. dollars using the average foreign exchange rates for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

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Operating Income by Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |  |  |  |  |  | % of Net Sales June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Specialty Technology Solutions: | (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
GAAP operating income | $ | 66,049 |  |  | $ | 66,678 |  |  | $ | (629) |  |  | (0.9) | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 2.1 | %
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | 10,508 |  |  | 8,041 |  |  | 2,467 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | (840) |  |  | — |  |  | (840) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax recovery, net | (3,041) |  |  | (2,558) |  |  | (483) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP operating income | $ | 72,676 |  |  | $ | 72,161 |  |  | $ | 515 |  |  | 0.7 | % |  | 2.5 | % |  | 2.3 | %
Intelisys & Advisory: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
GAAP operating income | $ | 27,214 |  |  | $ | 30,595 |  |  | $ | (3,381) |  |  | (11.1) | % |  | 27.7 | % |  | 33.2 | %
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | 8,719 |  |  | 7,682 |  |  | 1,037 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 2,740 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,740 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP operating income | $ | 38,673 |  |  | $ | 38,277 |  |  | $ | 396 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | 39.4 | % |  | 41.5 | %
Corporate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
GAAP operating loss | $ | (8,063) |  |  | $ | (6,949) |  |  | $ | (1,114) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition and divestiture costs | 926 |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | (791) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | 5,381 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | 1,023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cyberattack restoration costs | 177 |  |  | 874 |  |  | (697) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Legal settlement | 1,579 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,579 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP operating income | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | nm* |  | nm* |  | nm*

Consolidated: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
GAAP operating income | $ | 85,200 |  |  | $ | 90,324 |  |  | $ | (5,124) |  |  | (5.7) | % |  | 2.8 | % |  | 2.8 | %
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | 19,227 |  |  | 15,723 |  |  | 3,504 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 1,900 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,900 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition and divestiture costs | 926 |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | (791) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | 5,381 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | 1,023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax recovery | (3,041) |  |  | (2,558) |  |  | (483) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cyberattack restoration costs | 177 |  |  | 874 |  |  | (697) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Legal settlement | 1,579 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,579 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP operating income | $ | 111,349 |  |  | $ | 110,438 |  |  | $ | 911 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | 3.7 | % |  | 3.4 | %

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Additional Non-GAAP Metrics
To evaluate current period performance on a more consistent basis with prior periods, we disclose non-GAAP SG&A expenses, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP pre-tax income, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share. Non-GAAP results exclude amortization of intangible assets related to acquisitions, changes in fair value of contingent consideration, acquisition and divestiture costs, restructuring costs, impact of divestitures and other non-GAAP adjustments. These year-over-year metrics include the translation impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. These metrics are useful in assessing and understanding our operating performance, especially when comparing results with previous periods or forecasting performance for future periods. Below we provide a non-GAAP reconciliation of the aforementioned metrics adjusted for the costs and charges mentioned above:

|  |  |  |  | Year ended June 30, 2025
|  |  |  |  | GAAP Measure |  | Intangible amortization expense |  | Change in fair value of contingent consideration |  | Acquisition and Divestiture costs (a) |  | Restructuring costs |  | Tax recovery |  | Cyberattack restoration costs |  | Legal Settlement |  | Insurance Recovery |  | Non-GAAP measure
|  |  |  |  | (in thousands, except per share data)
SG&A expenses |  |  |  |  | $ | 286,934 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (926) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,041 |  |  | $ | (177) |  |  | $ | (1,579) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 287,293 |
Operating income |  |  |  |  | 85,200 |  |  | 19,227 |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | 926 |  |  | 5,381 |  |  | (3,041) |  |  | 177 |  |  | 1,579 |  |  | — |  |  | 111,349 |
Pre-tax income |  |  |  |  | 94,396 |  |  | 19,227 |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | 926 |  |  | 5,381 |  |  | (3,041) |  |  | 177 |  |  | 1,579 |  |  | (5,928) |  |  | 114,617 |
Net income |  |  |  |  | 71,548 |  |  | 14,400 |  |  | 1,432 |  |  | 926 |  |  | 4,054 |  |  | (4,072) |  |  | 133 |  |  | 1,189 |  |  | (4,466) |  |  | 85,144 |
Diluted EPS |  |  |  |  | $ | 3.00 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | 0.04 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | (0.17) |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | (0.19) |  |  | $ | 3.57 |
|  |  |  |  | Year ended June 30, 2024
|  |  |  |  | GAAP Measure |  | Intangible amortization expense |  | Change in fair value of contingent consideration |  | Acquisition and Divestiture costs (a) |  | Restructuring costs |  | Tax recovery |  | Cyberattack restoration costs |  | Gain on sale of business (b) |  | Insurance Recovery |  | Non-GAAP measure
|  |  |  |  | (in thousands, except per share data)
SG&A expenses |  |  |  |  | $ | 277,428 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1,717) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,558 |  |  | $ | (874) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 277,395 |
Operating income |  |  |  |  | 90,324 |  |  | 15,723 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | (2,558) |  |  | 874 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110,438 |
Pre-tax income |  |  |  |  | 99,841 |  |  | 15,723 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | (2,558) |  |  | 874 |  |  | (14,155) |  |  | — |  |  | 105,800 |
Net income |  |  |  |  | 77,060 |  |  | 11,697 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | 3,262 |  |  | (2,566) |  |  | 655 |  |  | (14,155) |  |  | — |  |  | 77,670 |
Diluted EPS |  |  |  |  | $ | 3.06 |  |  | $ | 0.46 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | (0.10) |  |  | $ | 0.03 |  |  | $ | (0.56) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.08 |

(a) Acquisition and divestiture costs for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024 are generally nondeductible for tax purposes.
(b) Reflects gain on the sale of the UK-based intY business. This transaction resulted in a capital loss for tax purposes. The Company did not record a tax provision on the capital loss as there were no offsetting capital gains.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP. The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis management evaluates its estimates, including those related to the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, inventory reserves to reduce inventories to the lower of cost or net realizable value, supplier incentives and goodwill. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form a basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. For further discussion of our significant accounting policies, refer to Note 1 - Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
Allowances for Trade and Notes Receivable
We adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326) effective July 1, 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Our policy for estimating allowances for doubtful accounts receivable is described below.
We maintain an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable for estimated future expected credit losses resulting from channel sales partners’ failure to make payments on accounts receivable due us. Management determines the estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable by considering a number of factors, including: (i) historical experience, (ii) aging of the accounts receivable, (iii) specific information obtained by us on the financial condition and the current creditworthiness of i ts customers, (i v) the current economic and country specific environment and (v) reasonable and supportable forecasts about collectability. We account for credit losses based upon ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326). Expected credit losses are estimated on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist using an age-based reserve model. Receivables that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Estimates of expected credit losses on trade receivables are recorded at inception and adjusted over the contractual life. Refer to Note 2 - Accounts Receivable and Notes Receivable, Net for further details.
Inventory Reserves
Management determines the inventory reserves required to reduce inventories to the lower of cost or net realizable value based principally on the effects of technological changes, quantities of goods and length of time on hand and other factors. An estimate is made of the net realizable value, less cost to dispose, of products whose value is determined to be impaired. If these products are ultimately sold at less than estimated amounts, additional reserves may be required. The estimates used to calculate these reserves are applied consistently. The adjustments are recorded in the period in which the loss of utility of the inventory occurs, which establishes a new cost basis for the inventory. This new cost basis is maintained until such time that the reserved inventory is disposed of, returned to the supplier or sold. To the extent that specifically reserved inventory is sold, cost of goods sold is expensed for the new cost basis of the inventory sold.
Supplier Programs
We receive incentives from suppliers related to market development funds, volume rebates and other incentive programs. These incentives are generally under quarterly, semi-annual or annual agreements with the suppliers. Some of these incentives are negotiated on an ad hoc basis to support specific programs mutually developed between the Company and the supplier. Suppliers generally require that we use the suppliers’ market development funds for advertising or other marketing programs. Incentives received from suppliers for specifically identified incremental market development funds are recorded as adjustments to selling, general and administrative expenses. ASC 606– Revenue from Contracts with Customers addresses accounting for consideration payable to a customer, which the Company interprets and applies as the customer (i.e., the Company) receives advertising funds from a supplier. The portion of these supplier funds in excess of our costs are reflected as a reduction of inventory. Such funds are recognized as a reduction of the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold.
We record unrestricted volume rebates received as a reduction of inventory and reduces the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold. Amounts received or receivables from suppliers that are not yet earned are deferred in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Supplier receivables are generally collected through reductions to accounts payable authorized by the supplier. In addition, we may receive early payment discounts from certain suppliers. We record early payment discounts received as a
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reduction of inventory, thereby resulting in a reduction of cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold. ASC 606 requires management to make certain estimates of the amounts of supplier consideration that will be received. Estimates are based on the terms of the incentive program and historical experiences. Actual recognition of the supplier consideration may vary from management estimates.
Goodwill
We account for recorded goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which requires that goodwill be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Goodwill testing utilizes an impairment analysis, whereby we compare the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value. The carrying value of goodwill is reviewed at a reporting unit level at least annually for impairment, or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Our goodwill reporting units align directly with our operating segments, Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using the net present value of discounted cash flows generated by each reporting unit. Considerable judgment is necessary in estimating future cash flows, discount rates and other factors affecting the estimated fair value of the reporting units, including the operating and macroeconomic factors. Historical financial information, internal plans and projections and industry information are used in making such estimates.
Under ASC 350, if fair value of goodwill fair value is determined to be less than carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount of the carrying value that exceeds the amount of the reporting units' fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. Additionally, we would consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. We also assess the recoverability of goodwill if facts and circumstances indicate goodwill may be impaired. In our most recent annual test, we estimated the fair value of our reporting units primarily based on the income approach utilizing the discounted cash flow method. As of June 30, 2025, the Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory reporting units' goodwill balances are $159.8 million and $71.0 million, respectively. The fair value of the reporting units exceeded its carrying value by 2% and 100%, respectively, as of the annual goodwill impairment testing date. We also utilized fair value estimates derived from the market approach utilizing the public company market multiple method to validate the results of the discounted cash flow method, which required us to make assumptions about the applicability of those multiples to our reporting units. The discounted cash flow method requires us to estimate future cash flows and discount those amounts to present value. The key assumptions utilized in determining fair value included:
•Industry WACC: We utilized a WACC relative to each reporting unit's respective geography and industry as the discount rate for estimated future cash flows. The WACC is intended to represent a rate of return that would be expected by a marketplace participant in each respective geography.
•Operating income: We utilized historical and expected revenue growth rates, gross margins and operating expense percentages, which varied based on the projections of each reporting unit being evaluated.
•Cash flows from working capital changes: We utilized a projected cash flow impact pertaining to expected changes in working capital as each of our goodwill reporting units grow.
While we believe our assumptions are appropriate, they are subject to uncertainty and by nature include judgments and estimates regarding future events, including projected growth rates, margin percentages and operating efficiencies. Key assumptions used in determining fair value include projected growth and operating margin, working capital requirements and discount rates. During fiscal years 2024 and 2023, we completed our annual impairment test as of April 30th and determined that our goodwill was not impaired.
See Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion on our goodwill impairment testing and results.
Purchase Price Allocation
The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 805, Business Combinations. For each acquisition, the Company allocates the purchase price to assets acquired, liabilities assumed and goodwill and intangibles. The Company recognizes assets and liabilities acquired at their estimated fair values. Management uses judgment to (i) identify the acquired assets and liabilities assumed, (ii) estimate the fair value of these assets, (iii) estimate the useful life of the assets and (iv) assess the appropriate method for recognizing depreciation or amortization expense over the assets' useful life.
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Accounting Standards Recently Issued
See Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the discussion on recent accounting pronouncements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and borrowings under the $350 million revolving credit facility. Our business requires significant investment in working capital, particularly accounts receivable and inventory, partially financed through our accounts payable to suppliers. In general, as our sales volumes increase, our net investment in working capital typically increases, which typically results in decreased cash flow from operating activities. Conversely, when sales volumes decrease, our net investment in working capital typically decreases, which typically results in increased cash flow from operating activities.
Cash and cash equivalents totaled $126.2 million and $185.5 million at June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, of which $46.3 million and $20.0 million was held outside of the United States as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Checks released but not yet cleared from these accounts in the amounts of $0.1 million and $5.9 million are classified as accounts payable as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
We conduct business primarily in North America and Brazil where we generate and use cash. We provide for United States income taxes from the earnings of our Canadian and Brazilian subsidiaries. See Note 13 - Income Taxes in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
Our net investment in working capital, defined as accounts receivable plus inventories less accounts payable, increased $14.6 million to $520.7 million at June 30, 2025 from $506.2 million at June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of an increase in accounts receivable. Our net investment in working capital is affected by several factors such as fluctuations in sales volume, net income, timing of collections from channel sales partners, increases and decreases to inventory levels and payments to suppliers.

| Year ended
Cash (used in) provided by: | June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024 |  |
| (in thousands)
Operating activities of continuing operations | $ | 112,349 |  |  | $ | 371,647 |  |  |
Investing activities of continuing operations | (62,390) |  |  | 9,045 |  |  |
Financing activities of continuing operations | (110,905) |  |  | (227,767) |  |  |

Net cash provided by operating activities was $112.3 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 and $371.6 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 is primarily due to cash flows related to working capital, which decreased $22.5 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 versus a significant increase of $299.3 million for the prior year period. The prior-year period reflected lower net investment in working capital from lower sales volumes and a multi-quarter working capital improvement plan.
Operating cash flows are subject to variability period over period as a result of the timing of payments related to accounts receivable, accounts payable and other working capital items.
The number of days sales outstanding ("DSO") was 70 at June 30, 2025 unchanged from June 30, 2024. Throughout fiscal year 2025, DSO ranged from 66 to 72. Inventory turnover was 5.9 times during the fourth quarter fiscal year 2025, compared to 5.0 times in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024. Throughout fiscal year 2025, inventory turnover ranged from 5.0 to 5.9 times.
Cash used in investing activities was $62.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 compared to cash provided of $9.0 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. Cash used in investing activities for fiscal year 2025 is largely due to cash paid for acquisitions and capital expenditures. Cash provided by investing activities for the fiscal year 2024 represents proceeds from the the sale of our discontinued operations, partially offset by capital expenditures.
Management expects capital expenditures for fiscal year 2026 to range fr om $10.0 million to $15.0 million, primarily for IT and warehouse investments.
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Cash used in financing activities totaled $110.9 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to the repurchase of common stock. Cash used in financing activities of $227.8 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due to repayments on the revolving line of credit and the repurchase of common stock.
Share Repurchase Program
In April 2025, our Board approved an additional $200 million share repurchase authorization, which supplements the existing the $100 million repurchase program authorized in May 2024. The share repurchase authorizations do not have any time limits. In fiscal year 2025, we repurchased 2,483,299 shares totaling $106.5 million. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had approximately $217.1 million available for repurchases under Board approved authorizations.
Credit Facility
We have a multi-currency senior secured credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., as administrative agent, and a syndicate of banks (as amended, the “Amended Credit Agreement”). On September 28, 2022, we amended and restated our Amended Credit Agreement, which includes (i) a five-year, $350 million multicurrency senior secured revolving credit facility and (ii) a five-year $150 million senior secured term loan facility. The amendment extended the revolving credit facility maturity date to September 28, 2027. In addition, pursuant to an “accordion feature,” we may increase our borrowings up to an additional $250 million, subject to obtaining additional credit commitments from the lenders participating in the increase. The Amended Credit Agreement allows for the issuance of up to $50 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic assets and our domestic subsidiaries. Under the terms of the revolving credit facility, the payment of cash dividends is restricted. We incurred debt issuance costs of $1.4 million in connection with the amendment and restatement of the Amended Credit Agreement. These costs were capitalized to other non-current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and added to the unamortized debt issuance costs from the previous credit facility.
Loans denominated in U.S. dollars, other than swingline loans, bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our option, (i) the adjusted term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or adjusted daily simple SOFR plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% depending upon our ratio of (A) total consolidated debt less up to $30 million of unrestricted domestic cash (“Credit Facility Net Debt”) to (B) trailing four-quarter consolidated EBITDA measured as of the end of the most recent year or quarter, as applicable (Credit Facility EBITDA”), for which financial statements have been delivered to the Lenders (the “leverage ratio”); or (ii) the alternate base rate plus an additional margin ranging from 0% to 0.75%, depending upon our leverage ratio, plus, if applicable, certain mandatory costs. All swingline loans denominated in U.S. dollars bear interest based upon the adjusted daily simple SOFR plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% depending upon our leverage ratio, or such other rate as agreed upon with the applicable swingline lender. The adjusted term SOFR and adjusted daily simple SOFR include a fixed credit adjustment of 0.10% over the applicable SOFR reference rate. Loans denominated in foreign currencies bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the applicable benchmark rate set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75%, depending upon our leverage ratio plus, if applicable, certain mandatory costs.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, our borrowings under the credit facility were U.S. dollar loans. The spread in effect as of June 30, 2025 was 1.00%, plus a 0.10% credit spread adjustment for SOFR-based loans and 0.00% for alternate base rate loans. The commitment fee rate in effect as of June 30, 2025 was 0.15%. The Amended Credit Agreement includes customary representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants. Specifically, our Leverage Ratio must be less than or equal to 3.50 to 1.00 at all times. In addition, our Interest Coverage Ratio (as such term is defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) must be at least 3.00 to 1.00 as of the end of each fiscal quarter. In the event of a default, customary remedies are available to the lenders, including acceleration and increased interest rates. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2025.
The average daily balance on the revolving credit facility, excluding the term loan facility, was $0.3 million and $71.1 million during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. There was $350.0 million and $349.9 million available for additional borrowings as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. There were no letters of credit issued under the multi-currency revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024.
Availability to use this borrowing capacity depends upon, among other things, the levels of our Leverage Ratio and Interest Coverage Ratio, which, in turn, will depend upon (1) our Credit Facility Net Debt relative to our EBITDA and (2) Credit
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Facility EBITDA relative to total interest expense respectively. As a result, our availability will increase if EBITDA increases (subject to the limit of the facility) and decrease if EBITDA decreases. At June 30, 2025, based upon the calculation of our Credit Facility Net Debt relative to our Credit Facility EBITDA, there was $350.0 million available for borrowing. While we were in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Credit Facility as of June 30, 2025, and currently expect to continue to maintain such compliance, should we encounter difficulties, our historical relationship with our Credit Facility lending group has been strong and we anticipate their continued support of our long-term business.
Contractual Obligations
At June 30, 2025, we did not have an outstanding balance under our revolving credit facility. We had $133.1 million outstanding under our term loan facility, $7.5 million of which matured in fiscal year 2025. Our revolving credit facility and our term loan facility have a maturity date September 28, 2027. The remaining principal debt payments on our industrial development revenue bond, which total $3.0 million, have maturity dates in 2025 through 2032. See Footnote 8 - Short Term Borrowings and Long Term Debt.
We also had a non-cancelable operating lease agreement of $11.0 million at June 30, 2025, of which $4.6 million is expected to be paid within the next 12 months. Remaining amounts are expected to be paid through 2030. See Footnote 14 - Leases.
Summary
We believe that our existing sources of liquidity, including cash resources and cash provided by operating activities, supplemented as necessary with funds under our credit agreements, will provide sufficient resources to meet our present and future working capital and cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. We also believe that our longer-term working capital, planned expenditures and other general funding requirements will be satisfied through cash flows from operations and, to the extent necessary, from our borrowing facilities.
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ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Our principal exposure to changes in financial market conditions in the normal course of our business is a result of our selective use of bank debt and transacting business in foreign currencies in connection with our foreign operations.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to changes in interest rates primarily as a result of our borrowing activities, which include revolving credit facilities with a group of banks used to maintain liquidity and fund our business operations. The nature and amount of our debt may vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions and other factors. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates on total borrowings on our revolving credit facility and variable rate long-term debt, net of the impact of interest rate swaps, would have resulted in approximate ly a $0.7 million a nd $1.0 million increase or decrease in pre-tax income for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.
We evaluate our interest rate risk and utilize interest rate swaps to mitigate the risk of interest rate fluctuations associated with our current and long-term debt. At June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, we had $136.1 million and $144.1 million, respectively, in variable rate debt.
We entered into an interest rate swap on April 30, 2019, which was amended on September 28, 2022. The interest rate swap has a notional amount of $100.0 million, of which a $50.0 million tranche matured on April 30, 2024 and the remaining $50.0 million tranche is scheduled to mature on April 30, 2026. We entered into an additional interest rate swap on March 31, 2023 to lock into a fixed SOFR interest rate. The interest rate swap has a notional amount of $25 million and a maturity date of March 31, 2028.
The purpose of these interest rate swaps is to manage or hedge our exposure to floating rate debt and achieve a desired proportion of fixed versus floating rate debt. Our use of derivative instruments have the potential to expose us to certain market risks including the possibility of (1) our hedging activities not being as effective as anticipated in reducing the volatility of our cash flows, (2) the counterparties not performing their obligations under the applicable hedging arrangement, (3) the hedging arrangement being imperfect or ineffective or (4) the terms of the swaps or associated debt changing. We seek to manage such risks through our policy of identifying, controlling and managing market risks, and by otherwise limiting our counterparties for certain transactions to major financial institutions.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency risks that arise from our foreign operations in Canada and Brazil. These risks include transactions denominated in non-functional currencies and intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries. In the normal course of the business, foreign exchange risk is managed by the use of currency options and forward contracts to hedge these exposures as well as balance sheet netting of exposures. In addition, exchange rate fluctuations may cause our international results to fluctuate significantly when translated into U.S. dollars. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in foreign exchange rates would have resulted in approximately a $1.2 million and $0.1 million increase or decrease in pre-tax income for fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. These risks may change over time as business practices evolve and could have a material impact on our financial results in the future.
Our senior management has approved a foreign exchange hedging policy to reduce foreign currency exposure. Our policy is to utilize financial instruments to reduce risks where internal netting cannot be effectively employed and not to enter into foreign currency derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes. We monitor our risk associated with the volatility of certain foreign currencies against our functional currencies and enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts to minimize short-term currency risks on cash flows. These positions are based upon balance sheet exposures and, in certain foreign currencies, our forecasted purchases and sales. We continually evaluate foreign exchange risk and may enter into foreign exchange transactions in accordance with our policy. Actual variances from these forecasted transactions can adversely impact foreign exchange results. Foreign currency gains and losses are included in other expense (income).
We have elected not to designate our foreign currency contracts as hedging instruments, and therefore, the instruments are marked-to-market with changes in their values recorded in the consolidated income statement each period. Our foreign currencies are primarily Brazilian reais and Canadian dollars. At June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the fair value of our currency forward contracts were a net asset or payable of less th an $0.1 million.
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ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Index to Financial Statements

| Page
Financial Statements |
Report of Grant Thornton LLP Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 248) | 42
Report of Grant Thornton LLP Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting | 43
Consolidated Balance Sheets | 44
Consolidated Income Statements | 45
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 46
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity | 47
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 48
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 50

All schedules and exhibits not included are not applicable, not required or would contain information that is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Shareholders
ScanSource, Inc.:
Opinion on the financial statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ScanSource Inc. (a South Carolina corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated August 21, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion.
Basis for opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical audit matters
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.

| /s/ Grant Thornton, LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.
Charlotte, North Carolina
August 21, 2025
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Shareholders
ScanSource, Inc.:
Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of ScanSource, Inc. (a South Carolina corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2025, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended June 30, 2025, and our report dated August 21, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

| /s/ Grant Thornton, LLP

Charlotte, North Carolina
August 21, 2025
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ScanSource, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share information)

| June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024
Assets |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 126,157 |  |  | $ | 185,460 |
Accounts receivable, less allowance of $27,821 at June 30, 2025 and $20,684 at June 30, 2024 | 635,521 |  |  | 581,523 |
Inventories | 483,815 |  |  | 512,634 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 124,959 |  |  | 125,082 |
Total current assets | 1,370,452 |  |  | 1,404,699 |
Property and equipment, net | 31,169 |  |  | 33,501 |
Goodwill | 230,820 |  |  | 206,301 |
Identifiable intangible assets, net | 62,909 |  |  | 37,634 |
Deferred income taxes | 18,769 |  |  | 19,902 |
Other non-current assets | 71,487 |  |  | 76,995 |
Total assets | $ | 1,785,606 |  |  | $ | 1,779,032 |
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 598,595 |  |  | $ | 587,984 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 71,263 |  |  | 65,616 |
Current portion of contingent consideration | 1,318 |  |  | — |
Income taxes payable | 3,927 |  |  | 7,895 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 7,861 |  |  | 7,857 |
Total current liabilities | 682,964 |  |  | 669,352 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | 128,288 |  |  | 136,149 |
Borrowings under revolving credit facility | — |  |  | 50 |
Long-term portion of contingent consideration | 17,782 |  |  | — |
Other long-term liabilities | 50,163 |  |  | 49,226 |
Total liabilities | 879,197 |  |  | 854,777 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, no par value; 3,000,000 shares authorized, none issued | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, no par value; 45,000,000 shares authorized, 22,217,421 and 24,243,848 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively | — |  |  | 26,370 |
Retained earnings | 1,020,833 |  |  | 1,013,738 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (114,424) |  |  | (115,853) |
Total shareholders’ equity | 906,409 |  |  | 924,255 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 1,785,606 |  |  | $ | 1,779,032 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
44

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Index to Financial Statements
ScanSource, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Income Statements
Years Ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands, except per share information)

| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Net sales | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | 3,787,721 |
Cost of goods sold | 2,632,164 |  |  | 2,860,757 |  |  | 3,338,482 |
Gross profit | 408,646 |  |  | 399,052 |  |  | 449,239 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 286,934 |  |  | 277,428 |  |  | 285,695 |
Depreciation expense | 10,004 |  |  | 11,219 |  |  | 10,912 |
Intangible amortization expense | 19,227 |  |  | 15,723 |  |  | 16,746 |
Restructuring and other charges | 5,381 |  |  | 4,358 |  |  | — |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 1,900 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating income | 85,200 |  |  | 90,324 |  |  | 135,886 |
Interest expense | 8,013 |  |  | 13,031 |  |  | 19,786 |
Interest income | (11,247) |  |  | (9,381) |  |  | (7,414) |
Gain on sale of business | — |  |  | (14,155) |  |  | — |
Other (income) expense, net | (5,962) |  |  | 988 |  |  | 1,664 |
Income before income taxes | 94,396 |  |  | 99,841 |  |  | 121,850 |
Provision for income taxes | 22,848 |  |  | 22,781 |  |  | 33,758 |
Net income from continuing operations | 71,548 |  |  | 77,060 |  |  | 88,092 |
Net income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |
Net income | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |  |  | $ | 89,809 |
Per share data: |  |  |  |  |
Net income from continuing operations per common share, basic | $ | 3.05 |  |  | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 3.50 |
Net income from discontinued operations per common share, basic | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.07 |
Net income per common share, basic | $ | 3.05 |  |  | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 3.57 |
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic | 23,442 |  |  | 24,868 |  |  | 25,142 |
Net income from continuing operations per common share, diluted | $ | 3.00 |  |  | $ | 3.06 |  |  | $ | 3.47 |
Net income from discontinued operations per common share, diluted | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.07 |
Net income per common share, diluted | $ | 3.00 |  |  | $ | 3.06 |  |  | $ | 3.54 |
Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted | 23,839 |  |  | 25,222 |  |  | 25,362 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
45

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Index to Financial Statements
ScanSource, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Years Ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands)

| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Net income | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |  |  | $ | 89,809 |
Unrealized (loss) gain on hedged transaction, net of tax | (1,523) |  |  | (1,482) |  |  | 2,254 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 2,952 |  |  | (20,945) |  |  | 12,763 |
Realized foreign currency translation on sale of business | — |  |  | (3,805) |  |  | — |
Comprehensive income | $ | 72,977 |  |  | $ | 50,828 |  |  | $ | 104,826 |
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements. |  |

46

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Index to Financial Statements
ScanSource, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
Years Ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands, except share information)

| Common Stock (Shares) |  | Common Stock (Amount) |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total
Balance at June 30, 2022 | 25,187,351 |  | $ | 64,297 |  |  | $ | 846,869 |  |  | $ | (104,638) |  |  | $ | 806,528 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | 89,809 |  |  | — |  |  | 89,809 |
Unrealized gain on hedged transaction, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,254 |  |  | 2,254 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,763 |  |  | 12,763 |
Exercise of stock options and shares issued under share-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes | 180,960 |  | (1,553) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,553) |
Common stock repurchased, including excise tax | (524,108) |  | (15,753) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15,753) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | 11,250 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,250 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | 24,844,203 |  | 58,241 |  |  | 936,678 |  |  | (89,621) |  |  | 905,298 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | 77,060 |  |  | — |  |  | 77,060 |
Unrealized loss on hedged transaction, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,482) |  |  | (1,482) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20,945) |  |  | (20,945) |
Realized foreign currency loss from sale of a business | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,805) |  |  | (3,805) |
Exercise of stock options and shares issued under share-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes | 380,184 |  | 1,937 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,937 |
Common stock repurchased, including excise tax | (980,539) |  |  | (43,337) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (43,337) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | 9,529 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,529 |
Balance at June 30, 2024 | 24,243,848 |  | 26,370 |  |  | 1,013,738 |  |  | (115,853) |  |  | 924,255 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | 71,548 |  |  | — |  |  | 71,548 |
Unrealized loss on hedged transaction, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,523) |  |  | (1,523) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,952 |  |  | 2,952 |
Exercise of stock options and shares issued under share-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes | 456,872 |  | 4,616 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,616 |
Common stock repurchased, including excise tax | (2,483,299) |  | (42,048) |  |  | (64,453) |  |  | — |  |  | (106,501) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | 11,062 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,062 |
Balance at June 30, 2025 | 22,217,421 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,020,833 |  |  | $ | (114,424) |  |  | $ | 906,409 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
47

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Index to Financial Statements
ScanSource, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands)

| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |  |  | $ | 89,809 |
Net income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |
Net income from continuing operations | 71,548 |  |  | 77,060 |  |  | 88,092 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities of continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of a business | — |  |  | (14,155) |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | 30,195 |  |  | 28,009 |  |  | 28,614 |
Amortization of debt issue costs | 386 |  |  | 386 |  |  | 577 |
Provision for doubtful accounts | 8,351 |  |  | 8,317 |  |  | 2,785 |
Share-based compensation | 11,062 |  |  | 9,537 |  |  | 11,219 |
Deferred income taxes | 1,128 |  |  | (2,472) |  |  | (1,496) |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 1,900 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Finance lease interest | 86 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 44 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (55,011) |  |  | 138,264 |  |  | (17,368) |
Inventories | 28,874 |  |  | 239,157 |  |  | (138,313) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 7,303 |  |  | (17,804) |  |  | 32,653 |
Other non-current assets | 3,974 |  |  | (10,689) |  |  | (7,582) |
Accounts payable | 3,673 |  |  | (78,167) |  |  | (30,656) |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 2,846 |  |  | (3,872) |  |  | (14,195) |
Income taxes payable | (3,966) |  |  | (2,025) |  |  | 9,857 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of continuing operations | 112,349 |  |  | 371,647 |  |  | (35,769) |
Cash flows from investing activities of continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (8,286) |  |  | (8,555) |  |  | (9,979) |
Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (56,673) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash received for business disposal | 2,569 |  |  | 17,600 |  |  | 1,717 |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities of continuing operations | (62,390) |  |  | 9,045 |  |  | (8,262) |
Cash flows from financing activities of continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
Borrowings on revolving credit, net of expenses | 51,954 |  |  | 1,259,728 |  |  | 2,499,166 |
Repayments on revolving credit, net of expenses | (52,004) |  |  | (1,438,658) |  |  | (2,456,025) |
Debt issuance costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,407) |
(Repayments) borrowings on long-term debt | (7,857) |  |  | (6,915) |  |  | 15,590 |
Repayments of finance lease obligations | (1,090) |  |  | (964) |  |  | (589) |
Exercise of stock options | 9,511 |  |  | 4,813 |  |  | 910 |
Taxes paid on settlement of equity awards | (4,895) |  |  | (2,876) |  |  | (2,463) |
Repurchase of common stock | (106,524) |  |  | (42,895) |  |  | (15,651) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities of continuing operations | (110,905) |  |  | (227,767) |  |  | 39,531 |

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Index to Financial Statements

Net cash flows used in by discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,643 |  |  | (3,643) |  |  | 2,691 |
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (59,303) |  |  | 149,282 |  |  | (1,809) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 185,460 |  |  | 36,178 |  |  | 37,987 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 126,157 |  |  | 185,460 |  |  | 36,178 |
Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations | $ | 126,157 |  |  | $ | 185,460 |  |  | $ | 36,178 |

Supplemental disclosure of consolidated cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid during the year | $ | 7,570 |  |  | $ | 12,953 |  |  | $ | 18,789 |
Income taxes paid during the year | $ | 27,829 |  |  | $ | 27,129 |  |  | $ | 28,547 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
49

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Index to Financial Statements
SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2025
(1) Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Business Description
ScanSource, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries referred to as “the Company” or “ScanSource”) is a leading technology distributor connecting devices to the cloud and accelerating growth for channel sales partners across hardware, software as a service ("SaaS"), connectivity and cloud services. ScanSource uses multiple sales models to offer technology distribution solutions from leading suppliers of specialty technologies and connectivity and cloud services. The Company operates in the United States, Canada and Brazil. The Company's two operating segments, Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory, represent the different sales models the Company uses in executing its technology distribution growth strategy.
Cybersecurity Incident
On May 14, 2023, the Company discovered it was subject to a cybersecurity attack perpetrated by unauthorized third parties that affected its IT systems. Upon detection, the Company took immediate steps to address the incident, engaged third-party experts, and notified law enforcement. The Company has cyber insurance and is working with its insurance carriers on claims to recover costs incurred. On May 26, 2023, the Company substantially recovered its operations and completed the restoration of its pertinent IT systems. The Company has taken actions to strengthen its existing IT security infrastructure and continues to implement additional measures to prevent unauthorized access to, or manipulation of, its systems and data. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company received $5.9 million of insurance proceeds from claims filed related to the cybersecurity attack. This amount has been recorded in other (income) expense on the Consolidated Income Statement.
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Unless otherwise indicated, amounts provided in these Notes pertain to continuing operations only.
Segment Changes
Effective July 1, 2024, the Company realigned its operating segments to represent the different sales models it uses in executing its technology distribution growth strategy. The two realigned segments are Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory. The Specialty Technology Solutions segment combines the Company's former segments, with the exception of the Company's Intelisys business. The Intelisys & Advisory segment includes the Intelisys and technology advisors businesses, including Channel Exchange (formerly known as intY USA), RPM Software and Resourcive. Both segments include recurring revenue.
The Company has reclassified certain prior year amounts in the segment results to conform with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the condensed consolidated financial results. See Note 16 - Segment Information for descriptions of the Company's segments.
Related Party Transactions
A related party is generally defined as (i) any person that holds 10% or more of the Company’s securities and their immediate families, (ii) the Company’s management, (iii) someone that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. There were no material related party transactions for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023.
Use of Estimates
50

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Index to Financial Statements
SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, asset impairments, inventory reserves, purchase price allocations, goodwill and intangibles and supplier incentives. Management bases its estimates on assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form a basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions; however, management believes that its estimates, including those for the above-described items, are reasonable and that the actual results will not vary significantly from the estimated amounts.
The following accounting policies relate to the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements:
(a) Allowances for Trade and Notes Receivable
The Company maintains an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable for estimated losses resulting from channel sales partners’ failure to make payments on accounts receivable due to the Company.
Management determines the estimate of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable by considering a number of factors, including: (i) historical experience, (ii) aging of the accounts receivable, (iii) specific information obtained by the Company on the financial condition and the current creditworthiness of its channel sales partners, (iv) the current economic and country-specific environment and (v) reasonable and supportable forecasts about collectability. If the financial condition of the Company’s channel sales partners were to deteriorate and reduce the ability of the Company’s channel sales partners to make payments on their accounts, the Company may be required to increase its allowance by recording additional bad debt expense. Likewise, should the financial condition of the Company’s channel sales partners improve and result in payments or settlements of previously reserved amounts, the Company may be required to record a reduction in bad debt expense to reverse the recorded allowance.
(b) Inventory Reserves
Management determines the inventory reserves required to reduce inventories to the lower of cost or net realizable value based principally on the effects of technological changes, quantities of goods on hand, length of time on hand and other factors. Net realizable value is determined based on continual inquiries of suppliers who are able to provide credible knowledge of the salability and value of the products. An estimate is made of the net realizable value, less cost to dispose, of products whose value is determined to be impaired. If these products are ultimately sold at less than estimated amounts, additional reserves may be required. The estimates used to calculate these reserves are applied consistently. The adjustments are recorded in the period in which the loss of utility of the inventory occurs, which establishes a new cost basis for the inventory. This new cost basis is maintained until the reserved inventory is disposed of, returned to the supplier or sold. To the extent that specifically reserved inventory is sold, cost of goods sold is expensed for the new cost basis of the inventory sold.
(c) Purchase Price Allocations
The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 805, Business Combinations. For each acquisition, the Company allocates the purchase price to assets acquired, liabilities assumed and goodwill and intangibles. The Company recognizes assets and liabilities acquired at their estimated fair values. Management uses judgment to (i) identify the acquired assets and liabilities assumed, (ii) estimate the fair value of these assets, (iii) estimate the useful life of the assets and (iv) assess the appropriate method for recognizing depreciation or amortization expense over the assets' useful life.
(d) Goodwill and Intangible Asset Fair Value
51

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Index to Financial Statements
SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
The Company estimates the fair value of its goodwill reporting units, as well as its finite lived intangible assets primarily based on the income approach utilizing the discounted cash flow method. The Company also utilizes fair value estimates derived from the market approach utilizing the public company market multiple method to validate the results of the discounted cash flow method for fair value of goodwill, which requires it to make assumptions about the applicability of those multiples to its reporting units. The discounted cash flow method requires the Company to estimate future cash flows, using key assumptions such as the weighted average cost of capital, revenue growth rates, projected gross margin and operating margin percentage growth, expected working capital changes and a related cash flow impact from working capital changes, and then discount those amounts at an appropriate discount rate to present value.
(e) Supplier Incentives
The Company receives incentives from suppliers as achievement-based supplier rebates that require management to make certain estimates about the amount of supplier consideration that will be received. Achievement-based supplier rebates are earned by achieving certain sales or purchase targets on a periodic basis. The Company determines whether, among other items, all qualifying sales and purchases are considered in calculating the rebates and cash receipts or credit memos received are appropriately applied. The determination of achievement-based rebates requires management to make assumptions about future purchases and sales. Estimates are based on the terms of the incentive program and historical experiences.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains zero-balance disbursement accounts at various financial institutions at which the Company does not maintain significant depository relationships. Due to the terms of the agreements governing these accounts, the Company generally does not have the right to offset outstanding checks written from these accounts against cash on hand, and the respective institutions are not legally obligated to honor the checks until sufficient funds are transferred to fund the checks. As a result, checks released but not yet cleared from these accounts in the amounts of $0.1 million and $5.9 million are classified as accounts payable as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The Company maintains its cash with various financial institutions globally that are monitored regularly for credit quality, although it may hold amounts in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or other insured limits. Cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States totaled $46.3 million and $20.0 million as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company sells to a large base of channel sales partners throughout the United States, Canada, Brazil and the UK. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its channel sales partners’ financial condition. In certain cases, the Company will accept tangible assets as collateral to increase the trade credit of its channel sales partners. Sales to any one channel sales partner were less than 10% of the Company’s net sales for fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023.
In the event that the Company does not collect payment on accounts receivable within the established trade terms for certain channel sales partners, the Company may establish arrangements for longer-term financing. The Company accounts for these arrangements by recording them at their historical cost less specific allowances at balance sheet dates. Interest income is recognized in the period earned and is recorded as interest income in the Consolidated Income Statement.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses derivative instruments to manage certain exposures related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and changes in interest rates in connection with borrowing activities. The Company records all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
The Company’s exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates results from foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, purchasing and selling internationally in several foreign currencies and from intercompany loans with foreign
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SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
subsidiaries. The Company’s objective is to preserve the economic value of non-functional currency denominated cash flows. The Company's foreign currencies are denominated primarily in Brazilian reais, British pounds and Canadian dollars.
The Company may reduce its exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates by creating offsetting positions through the use of derivative financial instruments. The market risk related to the foreign exchange agreements is offset by changes in the valuation of the underlying items. These contracts are generally for a duration of 90 days or less. The Company has elected not to designate its foreign currency contracts as hedging instruments. They are, therefore, marked-to-market with changes in their fair value recorded in the Consolidated Income Statement each period. Derivative financial instruments related to foreign currency exposure are accounted for on an accrual basis with gains or losses on these contracts recorded in income in the period in which their value changes, with the offsetting entry for unsettled positions reflected in either other assets or other liabilities.
The Company's earnings are affected by changes in interest rates due to the impact those changes have on interest expense from floating rate debt instruments. To manage the exposure, the Company has an interest rate swap agreement and has designated this instrument as a hedge of the cash flows on certain variable rate debt. To the extent the derivative instrument was effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument were not included in current earnings, but were reported as other comprehensive income (loss). There was no ineffective portion recorded as an adjustment to earnings for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023.
Investments
The Company has investments that are held in a grantor trust formed by the Company related to the ScanSource, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan and founder’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. The Company has classified these investments as trading securities, and they are recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements. The Company’s obligations under this deferred compensation plan change in concert with the performance of the investments along with contributions to and withdrawals from the plan. The fair value of these investments and the corresponding deferred compensation obligation was $31.9 million and $31.0 million as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. These investments are classified as either prepaid expenses and current assets or other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets depending on the timing of planned disbursements. The deferred compensation obligation is classified either within accrued expenses and other current liabilities or other long-term liabilities as well. The amounts of these investments classified as current assets with corresponding current liabilities was $3.4 million at June 30, 2025 and 2024.
Inventories
Inventories (consisting entirely of finished goods) are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value.
Supplier Programs
The Company receives incentives from suppliers related to market development funds, volume rebates and other incentive programs. These incentives are generally under quarterly, semi-annual or annual agreements with the suppliers. Some of these incentives are negotiated on an ad hoc basis to support specific programs mutually developed between the Company and the supplier. Suppliers generally require that the Company use the suppliers' market development funds for advertising or other marketing programs. Incentives received from suppliers for specifically identified incremental market development funds are recorded as adjustments to net sales. ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers addresses accounting for consideration payable to a customer, which the Company interprets and applies as the customer (i.e., the Company) receiving advertising funds from a supplier. The portion of these supplier funds in excess of our costs are reflected as a reduction of inventory. Such funds are recognized as a reduction of the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold.
The Company records unrestricted volume rebates received as a reduction of inventory and reduces the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold. Amounts received or receivables from suppliers that are not yet earned are deferred in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Supplier receivables are generally collected through reductions to accounts payable authorized by the supplier. In addition, the Company may receive early payment discounts from certain suppliers. The Company records early payment discounts received as a reduction of inventory, thereby resulting in a reduction of cost of goods sold when the related
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Index to Financial Statements
SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
inventory is sold. Management makes certain estimates of the amounts of supplier consideration that will be received. Estimates are based on the terms of the incentive program and historical experiences. Actual recognition of the supplier consideration may vary from management estimates.
Supplier Concentration
The Company sells products from many suppliers; however, sales of products supplied by Cisco and Zebra each constituted more than 10% of the Company's net sales for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023.
Product Warranty
The Company’s suppliers generally provide a warranty on the products provided by the Company and allow the Company to return defective products, including those that have been returned to the Company by its channel sales partners. In two of its product lines, the Company offers a self-branded warranty program, in which management has determined that the Company is the primary obligor. The Company purchases contracts from unrelated third parties, generally the original equipment manufacturers, to fulfill any obligation t o service or replace defective product claimed on these warranty programs. As a result, the Company has not recorded a provision for estimated service warranty costs. To maintain channel sales partner relations, the Company facilitates returns of defective products from the Company's channel sales partners by accepting for exchange, with the Company's prior approval, most defective products within 30 days of invoicing.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of 3 to 10 years for furniture, equipment and computer software, 40 years for buildings and 15 years for building improvements. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense as incurred. Additions, major renewals and betterments to property and equipment are capitalized.
Capitalized Software
The Company accounts for capitalized software in accordance with ASC 350-40, Computer Software Developed for Internal Use, which provides guidance for computer software developed or obtained for internal use. The Company is required to continually evaluate the stage of the implementation process to determine whether or not costs are expensed or capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary project phase or planning and research phase are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the development phase, such as material and direct services costs, compensation costs of employees associated with the development and interest cost, are capitalized as incurred. Costs incurred during the post-implementation or operation phase, such as training and maintenance costs, are expensed as incurred. In addition, costs incurred to modify existing software that result in additional functionality are capitalized as incurred.
Goodwill
The Company accounts for recorded goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which requires that goodwill be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Goodwill testing utilizes an impairment analysis, whereby the Company compares the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value. The Company's goodwill reporting units align directly with its operating segments, Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using the net present value of discounted cash flows generated by each reporting unit. Considerable judgment is necessary in estimating future cash flows, discount rates and other factors affecting the estimated fair value of the reporting units, including operating and macroeconomic factors. Historical financial information, internal plans and projections and industry information are used in making such estimates.
Under Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-04, if fair value of goodwill is determined to be less than carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount of the carrying value that exceeds the amount of the reporting units' fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. Additionally, the Company would consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
loss, if applicable. The Company also assesses the recoverability of goodwill if facts and circumstances indicate goodwill may be impaired. In its most recent annual test, the Company estimated the fair value of its reporting units primarily based on the income approach utilizing the discounted cash flow method. The Company also corroborated the fair value estimates derived from the income approach by considering the implied market multiples of comparable transactions and companies. The discounted cash flow method required the Company to estimate future cash flows and discount those amounts to present value. The key assumptions utilized in determining fair value included:
•Industry weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC"): The Company utilized a WACC relative to each reporting unit's respective geography and industry as the discount rate for estimated future cash flows. The WACC is intended to represent a rate of return that would be expected by a marketplace participant in each respective geography.
•Operating income: The Company utilized historical and expected revenue growth rates, gross margins and operating expense percentages, which varied based on the projections of each reporting unit being evaluated.
•Cash flows from working capital changes: The Company utilized a projected cash flow impact pertaining to depreciation, capital expenditures and expected changes in working capital as each of its goodwill reporting units grow.
No goodwill impairment charges were recognized for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets for more information regarding goodwill and the results of our testing.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of channel sales partner relationships, trade names, distributor agreements, supplier partner programs, developed technology, non-compete agreements and an encryption key library. Channel sales partner relationships, trade names, supplier partner programs, developed technology and the encryption key library are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from 1 to 12 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over their contract life.
These assets are shown in detail in Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Tests for recoverability of a long-lived asset to be held and used are measured by comparing the carrying amount of the long-lived asset to the sum of the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. In estimating the future undiscounted cash flows, the Company uses projections of cash flows directly associated with, and which are expected to arise as a direct result of, the use and eventual disposition of the assets. If it is determined that a long-lived asset is not recoverable, an impairment loss would be calculated equal to the excess of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset over its fair value. No intangible asset or other long-lived asset impairment charges were recognized for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets for more information regarding intangible asset impairment charges.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of financial instruments is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. The carrying values of financial instruments such as accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, borrowings under the revolving credit facility and subsidiary lines of credit approximate fair value based upon either short maturities or variable interest rates of these instruments. For additional information related to the fair value of derivatives, please see Note 10 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments.
Contingencies
The Company accrues for contingent obligations, including estimated legal costs, when it is probable that a liability is incurred and the amount is reasonably estimable. As facts concerning contingencies become known, management reassesses its position
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June 30, 2025
and makes appropriate adjustments to the financial statements. Estimates that are particularly sensitive to future changes include tax, legal and other regulatory matters, which are subject to change as events evolve and as additional information becomes available during the administrative and litigation process.
Revenue Recognition
The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In determining the appropriate amount of revenue to recognize, the Company applies the following five-step model: (i) identify contracts with customers; (ii) identify performance obligations in the contracts; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations per the contracts; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue as control of products and services are transferred to channel sales partners, which is generally at the point of shipment. The Company delivers products to channel sales partners in several ways, including: (i) shipment from a Company warehouse, (ii) drop-shipment directly from the supplier, or (iii) electronic delivery for software licenses. For more detailed disclosures on the Company's revenue recognition policies, see Note 3 - Revenue Recognition.
Marketing Costs
The Company defers marketing-related costs until the marketing is first run in trade or other publications or, in the case of brochures, until the brochures are printed and available for distribution or posted online. Marketing costs, net of supplier reimbursement, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and were not significant in any of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Deferred marketing costs for each of these three fiscal years were also not significant.
Foreign Currency
The currency effects of translating the financial statements of the Company’s foreign entities that operate in their local currency are included in the cumulative currency translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. The Company's functional currencies include U.S. dollars, Brazilian reals, British pounds, euros and Canadian dollars. The assets and liabilities of these foreign entities are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at the end of the respective period. Sales, costs and expenses are translated at average exchange rates effective during the respective period. Foreign currency transactional and re-measurement gains and losses are included in other expense (income) in the Consolidated Income Statements. Such amounts are not significant to any of the periods presented.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes reflect tax consequences on future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts. In accordance with ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes, valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that an asset will not be realized. Additionally, the Company maintains reserves for uncertain tax provisions. See Note 13 - Income Taxes for further discussion.
Share-Based Payments
The Company accounts for share-based compensation using the provisions of ASC 718, Accounting for Stock Compensation, which requires the recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation. Furthermore, the Company adopted ASU 2016-09, which simplified several aspects of the accounting for share-based compensation, including income tax effects, forfeitures, statutory withholding requirements and cash flow statement classifications. Share-based compensation is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the awards. Since this compensation cost is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. ASU 2016-09 allows companies to elect an accounting policy to estimate the total number of awards for which the requisite service period will not be rendered or to account for forfeitures when they occur. The Company estimates the total number of awards expected to be forfeited at the time of grant and revise such estimates, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ. The Company has elected to expense grants of awards with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Common stock repurchases
Repurchases of common stock are accounted for at cost, which includes brokerage fees, and are included as a component of shareholder's equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Comprehensive Income
ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, defines comprehensive income as the change in equity (net assets) of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The components of comprehensive income for the Company include net income, unrealized gains or losses on hedged transactions, net of tax and foreign currency translation adjustments arising from the consolidation of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07 “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items, and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. This ASU is applicable to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, and subsequent interim periods, with early application permitted. The Company adopted the new guidance in fiscal year 2025 with no material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows, but the adoption did result in new and expanded segment disclosures which are included in Note 16 - Segment Information.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU updates income tax disclosure requirements primarily by requiring specific categories and greater disaggregation within the rate reconciliation and disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and is applicable to the Company’s fiscal year beginning July 1, 2025, with early application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the application of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 "Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses." This ASU requires public entities to disclose specified information about certain costs and expenses. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2028. This ASU is applicable to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2027, and subsequent interim periods, with early application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the application of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
The Company has reviewed newly issued accounting pronouncements and concluded that they are either not applicable to its business or that no material effect is expected on its consolidated financial statements as a result of future adoption.
(2) Trade Accounts and Notes Receivable, Net
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated future expected credit losses resulting from channel sales partners’ failure to make payments on accounts receivable due to the Company. The Company has notes receivable with certain channel sales partners, which are included in “Accounts receivable, less allowance” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Management determines the estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable by considering a number of factors, including: (i) historical experience, (ii) aging of the accounts receivable, (iii) specific information obtained by the Company on the financial condition and the current creditworthiness of its channel sales partners, (iv) the current economic and country-
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
specific environment and (v) reasonable and supportable forecasts about collectability. Expected credit losses are estimated on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist using an age-based reserve model. Receivables that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Estimates of expected credit losses on trade receivables are recorded at inception and adjusted over the contractual life.
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 are set forth in the tables below.

Description | Balance at Beginning of Period |  | Amounts Charged to Expense |  | Write-offs |  | Other (a) |  | Balance at End of Period
| (in thousands)
Allowance for doubtful accounts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Year ended June 30, 2023 | $ | 16,806 |  |  | 2,785 |  |  | (2,062) |  |  | (2,049) |  |  | $ | 15,480 |
Year ended June 30, 2024 | $ | 15,480 |  |  | 8,317 |  |  | (2,803) |  |  | (310) |  |  | $ | 20,684 |
Year ended June 30, 2025 | $ | 20,684 |  |  | 8,351 |  |  | (1,406) |  |  | 192 |  |  | $ | 27,821 |

(a) "Other" amounts include recoveries and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(3) Revenue Recognition
The Company provides technology solutions and services from the world's leading suppliers of mobility, barcode, POS, payments, networking, physical security, unified communications, collaboration, telecom and cloud services. This includes hardware, related accessories and device configuration as well as software licenses, professional services and hardware support programs.
Significant Judgments:
Principal versus Agent Considerations
The Company is the principal for sales of hardware, and certain software services. The Company considers itself the principal in those transactions where it has control of the product or service before it is transferred to the customer. The Company recognizes the principal-associated revenue and cost of goods sold on a gross basis.
The Company is the agent for third-party service contracts, including product warranties and supplier-hosted software. These service contracts are sold separately from the products, and the Company often serves as the agent for the contract on behalf of the original equipment manufacturer. The Company's responsibility is to arrange for the provision of the specified service by the original equipment manufacturer, and the Company does not control the specified service before it is transferred to the customer. Because the Company acts as an agent, revenue is recognized net of cost at the time of sale. The Intelisys business operates under an agency model.
Variable Considerations
For certain transactions, products are sold with a right of return, and the Company may also provide other rebates or incentives, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company estimates the amount of variable consideration for rebates and incentives by using the expected value to be given to the customer and reduces the revenue by those estimated amounts. These estimates are reviewed and updated as necessary at the end of each reporting period. The Company estimates returns allowance based on historical experience and reduces revenue accordingly.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Contract Balances
The Company records contract assets and liabilities for payments received from customers in advance of services performed. These assets and liabilities are the result of the sales of the Company's self-branded warranty programs and other transactions where control has not yet passed to the customer. These amounts are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements for the periods presented.
Practical Expedients & Accounting Policy Elections
•Incremental costs of obtaining a contract - These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses as the amortization period is generally one year or less. The Company expenses costs associated with obtaining and fulfilling contracts as incurred.
•Shipping costs - The Company accounts for certain shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs and expenses them as incurred.
•Significant financing components - The Company has elected not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the entity transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will generally be one year or less.
•Sales tax and other related taxes - Sales and other tax amounts collected from customers for remittance to governmental authorities are excluded from revenue.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following tables represent the Company's disaggregation of revenue:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025 |  |
|  | Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Total |  |  |  |
Revenue by product/service type: |  | (in thousands) |  |  |  |
Products and non-recurring services |  | $ | 2,892,043 |  |  | $ | 3,067 |  |  | $ | 2,895,110 |  |  |  |  |
Recurring revenue(a) |  | 50,674 |  |  | 95,026 |  |  | 145,700 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 2,942,717 |  |  | $ | 98,093 |  |  | $ | 3,040,810 |  |  |  |  |
(a) Recurring revenue represents revenue primarily from agency commissions, managed connectivity, SaaS, subscriptions, and hardware rentals. |  |  |  |

|  | Fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 |  |
|  | Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Total |  |  |  |
Revenue by product/service type: |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and non-recurring services |  | $ | 3,144,768 |  |  | $ | 4,466 |  |  | $ | 3,149,234 |  |  |  |  |
Recurring revenue(a) |  | 22,781 |  |  | 87,794 |  |  | 110,575 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 3,167,549 |  |  | $ | 92,260 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  |  |  |
(a) Recurring revenue represents revenue primarily from agency commissions, SaaS, subscriptions, and hardware rentals. |  |  |  |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

|  | Fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 |  |
|  | Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Total |  |  |  |
Revenue by product/service type: |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and non-recurring services |  | $ | 3,635,829 |  |  | $ | 4,793 |  |  | $ | 3,640,622 |  |  |  |  |
Recurring revenue(a) |  | 65,838 |  |  | 81,261 |  |  | 147,099 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 3,701,667 |  |  | $ | 86,054 |  |  | $ | 3,787,721 |  |  |  |  |
(a) Recurring revenue represents revenue primarily from agency commissions, SaaS, subscriptions, and hardware rentals. |  |  |  |

(4) Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common and potential common shares outstanding.

| Fiscal year ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands, except per share data)
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |
Net income from continuing operations | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |  |  | $ | 88,092 |
Net income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,717 |
Net income | $ | 71,548 |  |  | $ | 77,060 |  |  | $ | 89,809 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares, basic | 23,442 |  | 24,868 |  |  | 25,142 |
Dilutive effect of share-based payments | 397 |  |  | 354 |  |  | 220 |
Weighted-average shares, diluted | 23,839 |  | 25,222 |  |  | 25,362 |
Net income from continuing operations per common share, basic | $ | 3.05 |  |  | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 3.50 |
Net income from discontinued operations per common share, basic | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.07 |
Net income per common share, basic | $ | 3.05 |  |  | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 3.57 |
Net income from continuing operations per common share, diluted | $ | 3.00 |  |  | $ | 3.06 |  |  | $ | 3.47 |
Net income from discontinued operations per common share, diluted | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.07 |
Net income per common share, diluted | $ | 3.00 |  |  | $ | 3.06 |  |  | $ | 3.54 |

For the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, weighted-average shares outstanding excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been antidilutive were 201,879, 348,604 and 1,135,984, respectively.
(5) Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is comprised of the following:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Land | $ | 2,366 |  |  | $ | 2,063 |
Buildings and leasehold improvements | 20,166 |  |  | 20,140 |
Computer software and equipment | 80,688 |  |  | 74,649 |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 15,886 |  |  | 14,150 |
Construction in progress | 457 |  |  | 1,006 |
Rental equipment | 7,288 |  |  | 10,288 |
| 126,851 |  |  | 122,296 |
Less accumulated depreciation | (95,682) |  |  | (88,795) |
| $ | 31,169 |  |  | $ | 33,501 |

Depreciation expense recorded as selling, general and administrative costs in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements was $10.0 million, $11.2 million and $10.9 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense recorded as cost of goods sold in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements was $1.0 million, $1.1 million and $1.0 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(6) Other Assets and Liabilities, Current and Noncurrent
The table below details prepaid expenses and other current assets.

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Other receivables | $ | 91,029 |  |  | $ | 90,412 |
Prepaid expense | 13,485 |  |  | 11,777 |
Other taxes receivable | 8,425 |  |  | 10,610 |
Other current assets | 12,020 |  |  | 12,283 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 124,959 |  |  | $ | 125,082 |

The table below details accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Deferred warranty revenue | $ | 5,563 |  |  | $ | 7,058 |
Accrued compensation | 23,079 |  |  | 19,077 |
Other taxes payable | 8,451 |  |  | 6,808 |
Accrued marketing expense | 6,731 |  |  | 6,730 |
Accrued freight | 3,113 |  |  | 3,759 |
Short-term operating lease liability | 3,985 |  |  | 3,398 |
Other accrued liabilities | 20,341 |  |  | 18,786 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 71,263 |  |  | $ | 65,616 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
The table below details other long-term liabilities.

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Long-term deferred warranty revenue | $ | 2,764 |  |  | $ | 3,137 |
Long-term deferred compensation liability | 28,537 |  |  | 27,592 |
Long-term income taxes payable | — |  |  | 2,195 |
Long-term operating lease liability | 6,972 |  |  | 6,507 |
Other long-term liabilities | 11,890 |  |  | 9,795 |
Other long-term liabilities | $ | 50,163 |  |  | $ | 49,226 |

(7) Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, the Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or whenever indicators of impairment are present. The reporting units utilized for goodwill impairment tests align directly with our operating segments, Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory. The testing includes the determination of each reporting unit's fair value using a discounted cash flows model compared to each reporting unit's carrying value. Key assumptions used in determining fair value include projected growth and operating margin, working capital requirements and discount rates. During fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, no impairment charges related to goodwill were recorded. The fair value of the Specialty Technology Solutions and Intelisys & Advisory reporting units exceeded its carrying value by 2% and 100%, re spectively, as of the annual goodwill impairment testing date.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, by reportable segment, are set forth in the table below.

| Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Total
| (in thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | 156,486 |  |  | $ | 60,220 |  |  | $ | 216,706 |
Disposals | (8,585) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,585) |
Unrealized loss on foreign currency translation | (1,793) |  |  | (27) |  |  | (1,820) |
Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | 146,108 |  |  | $ | 60,193 |  |  | $ | 206,301 |
Additions | 13,447 |  |  | 10,693 |  |  | 24,140 |
Unrealized gain on foreign currency translation | 224 |  |  | 155 |  |  | 379 |
Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | 159,779 |  |  | $ | 71,041 |  |  | $ | 230,820 |

The following table shows the Company’s identifiable intangible assets as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

| June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value
| (in thousands)
Amortized intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships | $ | 145,528 |  |  | $ | 92,943 |  |  | $ | 52,585 |  |  | $ | 107,875 |  |  | $ | 79,235 |  |  | $ | 28,640 |
Trade names | 14,036 |  |  | 11,442 |  |  | 2,594 |  |  | 13,036 |  |  | 10,021 |  |  | 3,015 |
Supplier partner program | 4,085 |  |  | 3,341 |  |  | 744 |  |  | 4,085 |  |  | 2,911 |  |  | 1,174 |
Encryption key library | 19,900 |  |  | 19,694 |  |  | 206 |  |  | 19,900 |  |  | 17,205 |  |  | 2,695 |
Developed technology | 10,512 |  |  | 3,732 |  |  | 6,780 |  |  | 4,612 |  |  | 2,501 |  |  | 2,111 |
Total intangibles | $ | 194,061 |  |  | $ | 131,152 |  |  | $ | 62,909 |  |  | $ | 149,508 |  |  | $ | 111,873 |  |  | $ | 37,635 |

The weighted-average amortization period for all intangible assets was approximately 9 years for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 and approximately 10 years for the fiscal years ended 2024 and 2023. Amortization expense for continuing operations for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $19.2 million, $15.7 million and $16.7 million, respectively, all of which relates to selling, general and administrative costs, not the cost of selling goods, and has been presented as such in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements. Certain fully amortized intangible assets have been removed during the current fiscal year.
Estimated future amortization expense is as follows:

| Amortization Expense
| (in thousands)
Year Ended June 30, |
2026 | $ | 15,718 |
2027 | 9,379 |
2028 | 8,022 |
2029 | 7,493 |
2030 | 4,704 |
Thereafter | 17,593 |
Total | $ | 62,909 |

(8) Short Term Borrowings and Long Term Debt
The following table shows the Company’s short-term and long-term debt as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Current portion of long-term debt | $ | 7,861 |  |  | $ | 7,857 |
Mississippi revenue bond, net of current portion | 2,663 |  |  | 3,024 |
Senior secured term loan facility, net of current portion | 125,625 |  |  | 133,125 |
Borrowings under revolving credit facility | — |  |  | 50 |
Total debt | $ | 136,149 |  |  | $ | 144,056 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Credit Facility
The Company has a multi-currency senior secured credit facility (as amended, the "Amended Credit Agreement") with JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., as administrative agent, and a syndicate of banks (collectively the "Lenders"). On September 28, 2022, the Company amended and restated the Amended Credit Agreement, which includes (i) a five-year, $350 million multicurrency senior secured revolving credit facility and (ii) a five-year $150 million senior secured term loan facility. The Amended Credit Agreement extended the credit facility maturity date to September 28, 2027. In addition, pursuant to an “accordion feature,” the Company may increase its borrowings up to an additional $250 million, subject to obtaining additional credit commitments from the lenders participating in the increase. The Amended Credit Agreement allows for the issuance of up to $50 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of the domestic assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries. Under the terms of the revolving credit facility, the payment of cash dividends is restricted. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $1.4 million in connection with the amendment and restatement of the Amended Credit Agreement. These costs were capitalized to other non-current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and added to the unamortized debt issuance costs from the previous credit facility.
Loans denominated in U.S. dollars, other than swingline loans, bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the Company’s option, (i) the adjusted term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") or adjusted daily simple SOFR plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% depending upon the Company’s ratio of (A) total consolidated debt less up to $30 million of unrestricted domestic cash to (B) trailing four-quarter consolidated EBITDA measured as of the end of the most recent year or quarter, as applicable, for which financial statements have been delivered to the Lenders (the “leverage ratio”); or (ii) the alternate base rate plus an additional margin ranging from 0% to 0.75%, depending upon the Company’s leverage ratio, plus, if applicable, certain mandatory costs. All swingline loans denominated in U.S. dollars bear interest based upon the adjusted daily simple SOFR plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% depending upon the Company's leverage ratio, or such other rate as the Company and the applicable swingline lender may agree. The adjusted term SOFR and adjusted daily simple SOFR include a fixed credit adjustment of 0.10% over the applicable SOFR reference rate. Loans denominated in foreign currencies bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the applicable benchmark rate set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement plus an additional margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.75%, depending upon the Company’s leverage ratio plus, if applicable, certain mandatory costs.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company's borrowings under the credit facility were U.S. dollar loans. The spread in effect as of June 30, 2025 was 1.00%, plus a 0.10% credit spread adjustment for SOFR-based loans and 0.00% for alternate base rate loans. The commitment fee rate in effect as of June 30, 2025 was 0.15%. The effective interest rates for the term loan were 5.43% and 6.44% as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The Amended Credit Agreement includes customary representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants. Specifically, the Company’s Leverage Ratio must be less than or equal to 3.50 to 1.00 at all times. In addition, the Company’s Interest Coverage Ratio (as such term is defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) must be at least 3.00 to 1.00 as of the end of each fiscal quarter. In the event of a default, customary remedies are available to the lenders, including acceleration and increased interest rates. The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2025.
The average daily balance outstanding on the revolving credit facility, excluding the term loan facility, was $0.3 million and $71.1 million during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There was $350.0 million and $349.9 million available for additional borrowings as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective interest rates for the revolving line of credit were 5.46% and 6.44% as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. There were no letters of credit issued under the multi-currency revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.
Mississippi Revenue Bond
On August 1, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement with the State of Mississippi in order to provide financing for the acquisition and installation of certain equipment to be utilized at the Company’s Southaven, Mississippi facility through the issuance of an industrial development revenue bond. The bond matures on September 1, 2032 and accrues interest at a rate equal to one-month term SOFR plus 0.10% plus the applicable margin of 0.85%. The terms of the bond allow for payment of interest only for the first 10 years of the agreement and then, starting on September 1, 2018 through 2032, principal and interest payments are due until the maturity date or the redemption of the bond. The agreement also provides the bondholder with a put
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SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
option, exercisable only within 180 days of each 5th anniversary of the agreement, requiring the Company to pay back the bonds at 100% of the principal amount outstanding. As of June 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under this bond. The interest rates at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were 5.28% and 6.28%, respectively.
Scheduled maturities of the Company’s short-term borrowings, revolving credit facility and long-term debt at June 30, 2025 are as follows:

| Revolving Credit Facility |  | Term Loan Facility |  | Mississippi Bond |  |
| (in thousands) |  |
Fiscal year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2026 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,500 |  |  | $ | 361 |  |  |
2027 | — |  |  | 10,313 |  |  | 366 |  |  |
2028 | — |  |  | 115,312 |  |  | 371 |  |  |
2029 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 375 |  |  |
2030 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  |
Thereafter | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,171 |  |  |
Total principal payments | $ | — |  |  | $ | 133,125 |  |  | $ | 3,024 |  |  |

Debt Issuance Costs
As of June 30, 2025, net debt issuance costs associated with the credit facility and bonds totaled $0.9 million and are being amortized on a straight-line basis through the maturity date of each respective debt instrument.
(9) Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company’s results of operations could be materially impacted by significant changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In an effort to manage the exposure to these risks, the Company periodically enters into various derivative instruments. The Company’s accounting policies for these instruments are based on whether the instruments are designated as hedge or non-hedge instruments in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The Company records all derivatives on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments or the ineffective portions of cash flow hedges are adjusted to fair value through earnings in other income and expense.
Foreign Currency Derivatives – The Company conducts a portion of its business internationally in a variety of foreign currencies and is exposed to market risk for changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company attempts to hedge transaction exposures with natural offsets to the fullest extent possible and once these opportunities have been exhausted the Company uses currency options and forward contracts or other hedging instruments with third parties. These contracts will periodically hedge the exchange of various currencies, including the U.S. dollar, Brazilian real, euro, British pound and Canadian dollar. S ee Note 1- Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information regarding the Company's policy on derivative financial instruments.
The Company had contracts outstanding with notional amounts of $26.2 million and $27.5 million for the exchange of foreign currencies as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. To date, the Company has chosen not to designate these derivatives as hedging instruments, and accordingly, these instruments are adjusted to fair value through earnings in other income and expense. Summarized financial information related to these derivative contracts and changes in the underlying value of the foreign currency exposures are as follows:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

| Fiscal year ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Net foreign exchange derivative contract losses (gains) | $ | 1,678 |  |  | $ | (1,864) |  |  | $ | 3,928 |
Net foreign currency transactional and re-measurement (gains) losses | (923) |  |  | 4,062 |  |  | (1,760) |
Net foreign currency losses | $ | 755 |  |  | $ | 2,198 |  |  | $ | 2,168 |

Net foreign exchange gains and losses consist of foreign currency transactional and functional currency re-measurements, offset by net foreign currency exchange contract gains and losses and are included in other income and expense. Foreign exchange gains and losses are generated as the result of fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Brazilian real, the U.S. dollar versus the euro, the British pound versus the euro, and the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar.
Interest Rates – The Company’s earnings are also affected by changes in interest rates due to the impact those changes have on interest expense from floating rate debt instruments. The Company manages its exposure to changes in interest rates by using interest rate swaps to hedge this exposure and to achieve a desired proportion of fixed versus floating rate debt.
On April 30, 2019, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to lock into a fixed LIBOR interest rate, which was amended on September 28, 2022, to change the reference rate from LIBOR to SOFR. The swap agreement has a notional amount of $100.0 million, with a $50.0 million tranche that matured on April 30, 2024 and a $50.0 million tranche scheduled to mature April 30, 2026.
On March 31, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to lock into a fixed SOFR interest rate with a notional amount of $25 million and a maturity date of March 31, 2028.
These interest rate swap agreements are designated as a cash flow hedge to hedge the variable rate interest payments on the revolving credit facility. Interest rate differentials paid or received under the swap agreement are recognized as adjustments to interest expense. To the extent the swap is effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the fair value of the swap are not included in current earnings but are reported as other comprehensive income (loss). There was no ineffective portion to be recorded as an adjustment to earnings for fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023.
The components of the cash flow hedge included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes, in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, are as follows:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023
| (in thousands)
Net interest (income) expense recognized as a result of interest rate swap | $ | (1,531) |  | $ | (3,305) |  | $ | (1,553) |
Unrealized (loss) gain in fair value of interest swap rates | (487) |  | 1,316 |  | 4,554 |
Net (decrease) increase in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | (2,018) |  | (1,989) |  | 3,001 |
Income tax effect | (495) |  | (507) |  | 747 |
Net increase (decrease) in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | $ | (1,523) |  | $ | (1,482) |  | $ | 2,254 |

The Company has the following derivative instruments for continuing operations located on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025, utilized for the risk management purposes detailed above:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

| June 30, 2025
| Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value of Derivatives Designated as Hedge Instruments |  | Fair Value of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments
|  |  | (in thousands)
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |
Interest rate swap agreement | Other current assets |  | $ | 680 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 290 |  |  | $ | — |

The Company has the following derivative instruments located on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024, utilized for the risk management purposes detailed above:

| June 30, 2024
| Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value of Derivatives Designated as Hedge Instruments |  | Fair Value of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments
|  |  | (in thousands)
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge | Other current assets |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swap agreement | Other current assets |  | $ | 2,698 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts | Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12 |

(10) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Under this guidance, the Company is required to classify certain assets and liabilities based on the fair value hierarchy, which groups fair value-measured assets and liabilities based upon the following levels of inputs:
•Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
•Level 2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
•Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity).
The assets and liabilities maintained by the Company that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis include deferred compensation plan investments, forward foreign currency exchange contracts, foreign currency hedge agreements, interest rate swap agreements and contingent consideration owed to the sellers of Advantix Solutions Group, Inc (“Advantix”) and Secure Path Networks, LLC dba Resourcive (“Resourcive”). The carrying value of debt listed in Note 8 - Short-Term Borrowings and Long Term Debt is considered to approximate fair value, as the Company's debt instruments are indexed to a variable rate using the market approach (Level 2 criteria).
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
The following table summarizes the valuation of the Company's remaining assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025:

| Total |  | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) |  | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
| (in thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation plan investments, current and non-current portion | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap agreement | 680 |  |  | — |  |  | 680 |  |  | — |
Total assets at fair value | $ | 32,582 |  |  | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | 695 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation plan investments, current and non-current portion | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency hedge | 290 |  |  | — |  |  | 290 |  |  | — |
Liability for contingent consideration, current and non-current | 19,100 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,100 |
Total liabilities at fair value | $ | 51,277 |  |  | $ | 31,887 |  |  | $ | 290 |  |  | $ | 19,100 |

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2024:

| Total |  | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) |  | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
| (in thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation plan investments, current and non-current portion | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swap agreement | 2,698 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,698 |  |  | — |
Foreign currency hedge | 345 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | — |
Total assets at fair value | $ | 34,057 |  |  | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | 3,043 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation plan investments, current and non-current portion | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |
Total liabilities at fair value | $ | 31,026 |  |  | $ | 31,014 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | — |

The investments in the deferred compensation plan are held in a "rabbi trust" and include mutual funds and cash equivalents for payment of non-qualified benefits for certain retired, terminated or active employees. These investments are recorded to prepaid and other current assets or other non-current assets depending on their corresponding, anticipated distributions to recipients, which are reported in accrued expenses and other current liabilities or other long-term liabilities, respectively.
Derivative instruments, such as foreign currency forward contracts, are measured using the market approach on a recurring basis considering foreign currency spot rates and forward rates quoted by banks or foreign currency dealers and interest rates
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
quoted by banks (Level 2). Fair values of interest rate swaps are measured using standard valuation models with inputs that can be derived from observable market transactions, including LIBOR spot and forward rates (Level 2). Foreign currency contracts and interest rate swap agreements are classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as prepaid expenses and other current assets or accrued expenses and other current liabilities, depending on the respective instruments' favorable or unfavorable positions. See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities.
The Company recorded a contingent consideration liability at the acquisition date of both Advantix and Resourcive. These liabilities represent the amounts payable to sellers, as outlined under the terms of the asset purchase agreements, based upon the achievement of a projected earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, net of specific pro forma adjustments.
The following tables represent the Company's contingent consideration liabilities at fair value at June 30, 2025:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025
| Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Total
| (in thousands)
Fair value at beginning of period | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Issuance of contingent consideration | 7,500 |  |  | 9,700 |  |  | 17,200 |
Change in valuation | (840) |  |  | 2,740 |  |  | 1,900 |
Fair value at end of period | $ | 6,660 |  |  | $ | 12,440 |  |  | $ | 19,100 |

The fair values of amounts owed are recorded in current portion of contingent consideration and long-term portion of contingent consideration in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company will revalue the contingent consideration liability at each reporting date through the last payment, with changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration reflected in the change in fair value of contingent consideration line item on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Income Statements that is included in the calculation of operating income. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability associated with future earnout payments is based on several factors, including but not limited to:
•estimated future results, net of pro forma adjustments set forth in the purchase agreements;
•a risk premium reflective of the Company’s creditworthiness and market risk premium associated with the United States markets.
Advantix
Advantix is part of the Specialty Technology Solutions segment. The fair value of the contingent consideration is determined using a static discounted cash flow model. The fair value of the liability for the contingent consideration related to Advantix recognized at June 30, 2025 was $6.7 million, of which $1.3 million is classified as current. The change in fair value for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 is primarily due to a reduction in current year results and future forecasts. Earnout payments to the sellers of Advantix are payable based on results from fiscal year 2025 to fiscal year 2028.
Resourcive
Resourcive is part of the Intelisys & Advisory segment. The fair value of the contingent consideration for Resourcive is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of the liability for the contingent consideration related to Resourcive recognized at June 30, 2025 was $12.4 million, all of which is classified as non-current and is due to the sellers of Resourcive during fiscal year 2027. The change in fair value for fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 is primarily due to the recurring amortization of the unrecognized fair value discount.
Valuation techniques and significant observable inputs used in recurring Level 3 fair value measurements for the Company's contingent consideration liabilities related to Advantix and Resourcive at June 30, 2025 were as follows.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

Acquisition |  | Reporting Period |  | Valuation Technique |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs |  | Average Rates
Advantix |  | June 30, 2025 |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Adjusted EBITDA risk premium |  | 15.3 | %
|  |  |  |  |  | Adjusted EBITDA growth rate |  | 31.8 | %
Resourcive |  | June 30, 2025 |  | Monte Carlo |  | Adjusted EBITDA risk premium |  | 12.7 | %
|  |  |  |  |  | Simulated commission growth percentage |  | 24.2 | %

(11) Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation Plans
The Company has awards outstanding from two share-based compensation plans (the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan and the 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan). The 2024 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan was approved at the annual meeting of the shareholders on December 10, 2024. The 2024 Plan permits the grant of any or all of the following types of awards to grantees: stock options, including non-qualified options and ISOs; SARs; restricted stock ("RSA"); deferred stock and restricted stock units ("RSU"); performance units ("PU") and performance shares; dividend equivalents; and other stock-based awards. Remaining available shares of the 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan were rolled into the 2024 Plan. Eligible grantees include employees, officers, non-employee consultants and non-employee directors of the Company and its affiliates. Awards are currently only being granted under the 2024 Long-Term Incentive Plan. As of June 30, 2025, there were 2,241,354 shares available for future grant under the 2024 Long-Term Incentive Plan. All of the Company’s share-based compensation plans are shareholder approved, and it is the Company’s belief that such awards align the interests of its employees and directors with those of its shareholders. An RSA is common stock that is subject to risk of forfeiture or other restrictions that lapse upon satisfaction of specified conditions. An RSU represents the right to receive shares of common stock in the future with the right to future delivery of the shares subject to risk of forfeiture or other restrictions that lapse upon satisfaction of specified conditions. A PU represents the right to receive shares of common stock in the future contingent on performance against predetermined objectives over a specified performance period.
The Company accounts for its share-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC 718, Stock Compensation, which requires all share-based compensation to be recognized in the income statement based on fair value and applies to all awards granted, modified, canceled or repurchased after the effective date. Total share-based compensation included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Income Statements was as follows:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Share-based compensation related to: |  |  |  |  |
Equity classified stock options | $ | — |  |  | $ | 550 |  |  | $ | 1,426 |
Equity classified restricted stock | 11,062 |  |  | 8,987 |  |  | 9,793 |
Total share-based compensation | $ | 11,062 |  |  | $ | 9,537 |  |  | $ | 11,219 |

Stock Options
The Company did not grant stock options during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, June 30, 2024 or June 30, 2023. Stock options granted prior to June 30, 2022 vested annually over 3 years and have a 10-year contractual life. These options were granted with an exercise price that is no less than 100% of the fair market value of the underlying shares on the date of the grant.
The fair value of each option (for purposes of calculation of share-based compensation) was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing formula that uses assumptions determined at the date of grant. Use of this option pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include estimating the length of time employees
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
will retain their vested stock options before exercising them ("expected term"), the estimated volatility of the Company's common stock price over the expected term ("expected volatility") and the number of options that will ultimately not complete their vesting requirements ("forfeitures"). Changes in the subjective assumptions can materially affect the estimate of the fair value of share-based compensation and, consequently, the related amount recognized in the Consolidated Income Statements.
The weighted-average expected term of the options represents the period of time the options are expected to be outstanding based on historical trends and behaviors of certain groups and individuals receiving these awards. The expected volatility is predominantly based on the historical volatility of our common stock for a period approximating the expected term. The risk-free interest rate reflects the interest rate at grant date on zero-coupon United States governmental bonds that have a remaining life similar to the expected option term. The dividend yield assumption was based on the Company's dividend payment history and management's expectations of future dividend payments.
A summary of activity under our stock option plans is presented below:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025
| Options |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, beginning of year | 711,952 |  |  | $ | 33.38 |  |  |  |  |
Granted during the period | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised during the period | (276,289) |  |  | 34.43 |  |  |  |  |
Canceled, forfeited, or expired during the period | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, end of year | 435,663 |  |  | 32.71 |  |  | 2.87 |  | $ | 3,965,747 |
Vested at June 30, 2025 | 435,663 |  |  | 32.71 |  |  | 2.87 |  | $ | 3,965,747 |
Exercisable, end of year | 435,663 |  |  | $ | 32.71 |  |  | 2.87 |  | $ | 3,965,747 |

The aggregate intrinsic value was calculated using the market price of the Company's stock on June 30, 2025, and the exercise price for only those options that have an exercise price that is less than the market price of our stock. This amount will change as the market price per share changes. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $3.0 million, $2.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
As of June 30, 2025 there were no unvested options, nor did any options vest during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. The total fair value of options vested during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $1.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2025:

|  | Options Outstanding |  | Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices |  | Shares Outstanding |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Number Exercisable |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
$22.27 - $26.38 |  | 56,724 |  |  | 5.38 |  | 24.59 |  |  | 56,724 |  |  | 24.59 |
$26.38 - $30.49 |  | 119,021 |  |  | 5.40 |  | 27.14 |  |  | 119,021 |  |  | 27.14 |
$30.49 - $34.60 |  | 53,079 |  |  | 2.44 |  | 34.35 |  |  | 53,079 |  |  | 34.35 |
$34.60 - $38.71 |  | 206,839 |  |  | 0.82 |  | 37.72 |  |  | 206,839 |  |  | 37.72 |
|  | 435,663 |  |  | 2.87 |  | $ | 32.71 |  |  | 435,663 |  |  | $ | 32.71 |

The Company issues shares to satisfy the exercise of options.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Restricted Stock
Grants of Restricted Shares
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company granted 316,433 shares of restricted stock to employees and non-employee directors, all of which were issued in the form of RSUs:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025
| Shares granted |  | Date granted |  | Grant date fair value |  | Vesting period
Employees |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Certain employees based on performance | 196,356 |  |  | August 30, 2024 |  | $ | 50.94 |  |  | Annually over 4 years
Certain employees based on performance | 80,391 |  |  | August 30, 2024 |  | $ | 55.78 |  |  | Annually over 3 years
Certain employees based on hire | 14,723 |  |  | September 1, 2024 |  | $ | 50.94 |  |  | Annually over 4 years
Certain employees based on performance | 2,976 |  |  | December 1, 2024 |  | $ | 50.41 |  |  | Annually over 4 years
Non-Employee Directors |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Certain Directors | 21,987 |  |  | August 30, 2024 |  | $ | 50.94 |  |  | 12 months

A summary of the status of the Company’s outstanding restricted stock is presented below:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025 |  |
| Shares |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  |
Outstanding, beginning of year | 887,310 |  |  | $ | 31.51 |  |  |
Granted during the period | 316,433 |  |  | 51.55 |  |  |
Vested during the period | (281,962) |  |  | 33.71 |  |  |
Cancelled, forfeited, or expired during the period | (20,526) |  |  | 34.65 |  |  |
Outstanding, end of year | 901,255 |  |  | $ | 40.52 |  |  |

As of June 30, 2025, there was approximately $19.7 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested performance units and restricted stock units granted, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.04 years. The Company withheld 101,379 shares for income taxes during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.
(12) Employee Benefit Plans
The Company maintains defined contribution plans that cover all employees located in the United States that meet certain eligibility requirements and provides a matching contribution equal to 50% of each participant’s contribution, up to a maximum of 6% of the participant's eligible compensation. Employer contributions are vested based upon tenure over a five-year period.

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Matching contributions | $ | 3,261 |  |  | $ | 3,099 |  |  | $ | 3,270 |

Internationally, the Company contributes to either plans required by local governments or to various employee annuity plans. Additionally, the Company maintains a non-qualified, unfunded deferred compensation plan that allows eligible members of management to defer a portion of their compensation in addition to receiving discretionary matching contributions from the Company. Employer contributions are vested over a five-year period.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
(13) Income Taxes
As of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company maintains the ability to access the earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The Company considered recording a deferred tax liability related to federal, state and withholding tax and determined that no liability should be recorded. There is no certainty as to the timing of the distributions of such earnings to the U.S. in whole or in part.
Income tax expense (benefit) consists of:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Current: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 12,736 |  |  | $ | 15,626 |  |  | $ | 25,034 |
State | 3,805 |  |  | 3,608 |  |  | 6,455 |
Foreign | 3,498 |  |  | 5,578 |  |  | 4,507 |
Total current | 20,039 |  |  | 24,812 |  |  | 35,996 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 2,320 |  |  | (827) |  |  | (2,991) |
State | (217) |  |  | (911) |  |  | (541) |
Foreign | 706 |  |  | (293) |  |  | 1,294 |
Total deferred | 2,809 |  |  | (2,031) |  |  | (2,238) |
Provision for income taxes | $ | 22,848 |  |  | $ | 22,781 |  |  | $ | 33,758 |

A reconciliation is provided below of the U.S. Federal income tax expense for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 with the applicable statutory rate of 21%.

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
U.S. statutory rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
U.S. Federal income tax at statutory rate | $ | 19,823 |  |  | $ | 20,967 |  |  | $ | 25,588 |
Increase (decrease) in income taxes due to: |  |  |  |  |
State and local income taxes, net of Federal benefit | 2,788 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | 4,559 |
Tax credits | (573) |  |  | (1,794) |  |  | (909) |
Valuation allowance | (445) |  |  | 1,131 |  |  | 1,087 |
Effect of varying statutory rates in foreign operations, net | 1,382 |  |  | 2,109 |  |  | 2,751 |
Stock compensation | (1,258) |  |  | (76) |  |  | 37 |
Reduction in prior year transition tax | (2,065) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Earnings from foreign subsidiaries | 778 |  |  | 776 |  |  | 957 |
Losses on dispositions | — |  |  | (2,816) |  |  | — |
Global intangible low taxed income tax | 475 |  |  | (832) |  |  | 1,551 |
Nontaxable income | (136) |  |  | (927) |  |  | (3,189) |
Nondeductible compensation | 2,144 |  |  | 1,412 |  |  | 1,240 |
Notional interest deduction on net equity | (928) |  |  | — |  |  | (733) |
Other | 863 |  |  | 892 |  |  | 819 |
Provision for income taxes | $ | 22,848 |  |  | $ | 22,781 |  |  | $ | 33,758 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented below:

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
| (in thousands)
Deferred tax assets derived from: |  |  |
Allowance for accounts receivable | $ | 8,055 |  |  | $ | 7,787 |
Inventories | 2,690 |  |  | 2,927 |
Nondeductible accrued expenses | 7,376 |  |  | 7,538 |
Net operating loss carryforwards | 268 |  |  | 243 |
Tax credits | 9,574 |  |  | 8,771 |
Deferred compensation | 6,984 |  |  | 7,706 |
Stock compensation | 4,186 |  |  | 4,490 |
Capital loss carryforwards | 11,579 |  |  | 12,306 |
Timing of amortization deduction from intangible assets | 7,675 |  |  | 6,680 |
Timing of depreciation and other deductions from building and equipment | 437 |  |  | — |
Total deferred tax assets | 58,824 |  |  | 58,448 |
Valuation allowance | (19,633) |  |  | (19,594) |
Total deferred tax assets, net of allowance | 39,191 |  |  | 38,854 |
Deferred tax liabilities derived from: |  |  |
Timing of depreciation and other deductions from building and equipment | — |  |  | (724) |
Timing of amortization deduction from goodwill | (17,659) |  |  | (13,716) |
Timing of amortization deduction from intangible assets | (2,763) |  |  | (4,512) |
Total deferred tax liabilities | (20,422) |  |  | (18,952) |
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 18,769 |  |  | $ | 19,902 |

The components of pretax earnings are as follows:

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Domestic | $ | 78,460 |  |  | $ | 78,653 |  |  | $ | 94,994 |
Foreign | 15,936 |  |  | 21,188 |  |  | 26,856 |
Worldwide pretax earnings | $ | 94,396 |  |  | $ | 99,841 |  |  | $ | 121,850 |

As of June 30, 2025, there were (i) gross net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $0.9 million for U.S. federal income tax purposes; (ii) gross state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $1.1 million; (iii) state income tax credit carryforwards of approximately $3.8 million that began to expire in the 2024 tax year; (iv) withholding tax credits of approximately $5.5 million; (v) foreign tax credits of $1.1 million, and (vi) gross capital loss carryovers of $46.4 million. The Company maintains a valuation allowance of $0.1 million for U.S. federal net operating losses, $11.6 million for capital loss carryforwards, a less than $0.1 million valuation allowance for state net operating losses, a $5.5 million valuation allowance for withholding tax credits, a $1.1 million valuation allowance for foreign tax credits, and a $1.3 million valuation allowance for state income tax credits, where it was determined that, in accordance with ASC 740, it is more likely than not that they cannot be utilized.
The Company recognizes excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit for stock award settlements in accordance with ASU 2016-09. The Company recognized net tax benefit of $1.2 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, net tax expense of less than $0.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and net tax benefit of less than $0.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $0.7 million, $0.6 million of which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. This reflects a decrease of $0.4 million on a gross basis over the prior fiscal year. The Company does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax expense line in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total amount of interest and penalties accrued, but excluded from the table below, were $1.0 million, $1.3 million and $1.2 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

| June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,141 |  |  | $ | 1,172 |  |  | $ | 1,065 |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 86 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 123 |
Reduction for tax positions of prior years | (529) |  |  | (120) |  |  | (16) |
Ending Balance | $ | 698 |  |  | $ | 1,141 |  |  | $ | 1,172 |

On August 26, 2024, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion in Varian Medical Systems, Inc. v. Commissioner. The opinion related to the U.S. taxation of deemed foreign dividends in the transition year of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the company’s fiscal year 2018). While the company was not a party to the case, the opinion resulted in a change to its tax position, and as such recorded a tax benefit of $2.1 million as a reduction to the provision for income taxes in the June 30, 2025 fiscal year.
During the June 30, 2024 fiscal year, the Company received a favorable ruling in Brazil regarding an exclusion from taxable income and as a result recognized a $1.5 million income tax recovery for prior years. A court ruling in Brazil in June 2023 confirmed that Brazilian state-provided tax benefits are not subject to income tax and the Company recognized a tax benefit of $2.2 million during the June 30, 2023 fiscal year.
Subsequent to the 2023 fiscal year-end, the IRS issued Notice 2023-55 which provides taxpayers with Brazilian subsidiaries temporary relief from the final foreign tax credit regulations. As a result, the company recognized a tax benefit of $1.5 million during the 2024 fiscal year for creditable foreign taxes for the 2023 fiscal year.
The Company conducts business internationally and, as a result, one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the United States federal, various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities in countries in which it operates. With certain exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local, or non-United States income tax examinations by tax authorities for tax years before June 30, 2020.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“the Act”) was signed into law. The Act permanently extends key provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, including 100% bonus depreciation, and introduces changes to the international tax framework. We are currently assessing the impact of the Act on our future effective tax rate, tax liabilities, and cash taxes.
(14) Leases
In accordance with ASC 842, Leases, at contract inception the Company determines if a contract contains a lease by assessing whether the contract contains an identified asset and whether the Company has the ability to control the asset. The Company also determines if the lease meets the classification criteria for an operating lease versus a finance lease under ASC 842. Substantially all of the Company's leases are operating leases for real estate, warehouse and office equipment ranging in duration from 1 year to 10 years. The Company has elected not to record short-term operating leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating leases are recorded as other non-current assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company has finance leases for information technology equipment expiring through fiscal year 2028. Finance leases are
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June 30, 2025
recorded as property and equipment, net, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The gross amount of the balances recorded related to finance leases is immaterial to the financial statements at June 30, 2025 and 2024.
Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the net present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term. The Company generally is not able to determine the rate implicit in its leases and has elected to apply an incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for the present value determination, which is based on the Company's cost of borrowings for the relevant terms of each lease and geographical economic factors. Certain operating lease agreements contain options to extend or terminate the lease. The lease term used is adjusted for these options when the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise the option. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payments not based on a rate or index, such as costs for common area maintenance, are expensed as incurred. Further, the Company has elected the practical expedient to recognize all lease and non-lease components as a single lease component, where applicable.
The following table presents amounts recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet related to operating leases at June 30, 2025 and 2024:

Operating leases |  | Balance Sheet location |  | June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024 |  |
|  |  |  | (in thousands)
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 10,258 |  |  | $ | 9,057 |  |  |
Current operating lease liabilities |  | Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  | 3,985 |  |  | 3,398 |  |  |
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  | Other long-term liabilities |  | 6,972 |  |  | 6,507 |  |  |

The following table presents amounts recorded in operating lease expense as part of selling general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Operating lease costs contain immaterial amounts of short-term lease costs for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less.

|  | Fiscal year ended June 30,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  | (in thousands)
Operating lease cost |  | $ | 4,425 |  |  | $ | 4,917 |  |  | $ | 5,224 |
Variable lease cost |  | 1,523 |  |  | 1,416 |  |  | 1,460 |
|  | $ | 5,948 |  |  | $ | 6,333 |  |  | $ | 6,684 |

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating leases for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 are presented in the table below:

|  | Fiscal year ended June 30,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
|  | (in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts in the measurement of lease liabilities |  | $ | 4,136 |  |  | $ | 4,747 |  |  | $ | 5,463 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations |  | 5,035 |  |  | 840 |  |  | 897 |

The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate at June 30, 2025 and 2024 are presented in the table below:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

|  | June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term |  | 3.03 |  | 3.03
Weighted-average discount rate |  | 5.35 | % |  | 4.84 | %

The following table presents the maturities of the Company's operating lease liabilities at June 30, 2025:

|  | Operating leases
|  | (in thousands)
2026 |  | $ | 4,574 |
2027 |  | 4,319 |
2028 |  | 1,939 |
2029 |  | 1,119 |
2030 |  | 603 |
Total future payments |  | 12,554 |
Less: amounts representing interest |  | 1,597 |
Present value of lease payments |  | $ | 10,957 |

(15) Commitments and Contingencies
A majority of the Company’s net revenues in fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023 were received from the sale of products purchased from the Company’s ten largest suppliers. The Company has entered into written agreements with substantially all of its major suppliers. While the Company’s agreements with most of its suppliers contain standard provisions for periodic renewals, these agreements generally permit termination by either party without cause upon 30 to 120 days' notice.
The Company or its subsidiaries are, from time to time, parties to lawsuits arising out of operations. Although there can be no assurance, based upon information known to the Company, the Company believes that any liability resulting from an adverse determination of such lawsuits would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
Capital Projects
The Company expects total capital expenditures to range from $10.0 million to $15.0 million during fiscal year 2026 primarily for IT and warehouse investments.
Pre-Acquisition Contingencies
During the Company's due diligence for the Network1 acquisition, several pre-acquisition contingencies were identified regarding various Brazilian federal and state tax exposures. The Company recorded indemnification receivables that are reported gross of the pre-acquisition contingency liabilities as the funds were escrowed as part of the acquisition. There were no deposits into the escrow account; however $0.2 million was released from the escrow account during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. There were no deposits, or releases from the escrow account during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. The amount available after the impact of foreign currency translation, as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, for future pre-acquisition contingency settlements or to be released to the sellers was $3.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively.

The Company has recorded pre-acquisition contingencies and corresponding indemnification receivables related to Network1 of $3.7 million and $3.6 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These balances are presented as other non-current liabilities and other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of reasonably possible
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June 30, 2025
undiscounted pre-acquisition contingencies as of June 30, 2025 is estimated to range from $3.7 million to $14.9 million at this time, of which all exposures are indemnifiable under the share purchase agreement.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
(16) Segment Information
The Company is a leading distributor of technology solutions and services to customers in specialty technology markets. The Company's Chief Executive Officer is our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") who evaluates how we allocate resources, assess performance and make strategic and operational decisions. The CODM reviews key financial measures for each reportable segment based on various financial results including net sales, gross profit and operating income. In connection with that assessment, our CODM may exclude matters, such as charges for impairments, restructuring costs, acquisition and divestiture costs, gains and losses from business acquisitions or dispositions and litigation or tax settlements or recoveries. The CODM also reviews certain other measures including total assets and property and equipment by segment and geography. Based on such evaluation, the Company has two reportable segments based on sales model.
Specialty Technology Solutions Segment
The Specialty Technology Solutions segment operates in the United States, Canada and Brazil and includes specialty technology solutions distributed through a wholesale/resale sales model. This segment includes hardware, SAAS and subscription services. The specialty technology solutions include the following:
•Mobility and barcode - mobile computing, barcode scanners and imagers, radio frequency identification devices, barcode printing and related services;
•POS - Point of Sale systems, integrated POS software platforms;
•Payment terminals - Self-service kiosks including self-checkout, payment terminals and mobile payment devices;
•Physical security - video surveillance and analytics, video management software and access control;
• Networking - switching, routing and wireless products and software;
• Communications - voice, video, communication platform integration and contact center solutions; and
• Connectivity - managed connectivity and wireless enablement solutions.
Intelisys & Advisory Segment
The Intelisys & Advisory segment operates in the United States and consists of sales and services to both channel sales partners (Intelisys) and end users (Advisory). As a technology services distributor, or TSD, Intelisys distributes connectivity, cloud and next-generation technologies through an agency sales model. Channel sales partners also have access to SaaS and subscription-based services through the company’s proprietary tools, platforms and flexible routes to market. In addition to traditional telecom services, key technology areas include:
•Connectivity & SDN (Software-Defined Networking)
•CX (Unified Communications as a Service and Contact Center as a Service)
•Cloud/Data Center
•Security
•Managed AI
•Wireless & IoT
By offering flexible routes to market and a robust solutions portfolio, this segment helps advisors service a wide range of end users including businesses of all sizes from VSB (“Very Small Business”) to Enterprise size businesses.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Selected financial information about the Company's segments for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 are presented below:

|  | Specialty Technology Solutions |  | Intelisys & Advisory |  | Corporate(a) |  | Total
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  | $ | 2,942,717 |  |  | $ | 98,093 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,040,810 |
Cost of sales |  | 2,631,315 |  |  | 849 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,632,164 |
Gross profit |  | 311,402 |  |  | 97,244 |  |  | — |  |  | 408,646 |
Other operating expenses(b) |  | 245,353 |  |  | 70,030 |  |  | 8,063 |  |  | 323,446 |
Operating income (loss) |  | $ | 66,049 |  |  | $ | 27,214 |  |  | $ | (8,063) |  |  | $ | 85,200 |
Other Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization(c) |  | $ | 19,627 |  |  | $ | 8,878 |  |  | $ | 1,690 |  |  | $ | 30,195 |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(d) |  | $ | (840) |  |  | $ | 2,740 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,900 |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | (7,776) |  |  | $ | (510) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (8,286) |
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2024: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  | $ | 3,167,549 |  |  | $ | 92,260 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |
Cost of sales |  | 2,860,292 |  |  | 465 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,860,757 |
Gross profit |  | 307,257 |  |  | 91,795 |  |  | — |  |  | 399,052 |
Other operating expenses(b) |  | 240,579 |  |  | 61,200 |  |  | 6,949 |  |  | 308,728 |
Operating income (loss) |  | $ | 66,678 |  |  | $ | 30,595 |  |  | $ | (6,949) |  |  | $ | 90,324 |
Other Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization(c) |  | $ | 17,133 |  |  | $ | 7,939 |  |  | $ | 2,937 |  |  | $ | 28,009 |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(d) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | (8,414) |  |  | $ | (141) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (8,555) |
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2023: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  | $ | 3,701,667 |  |  | $ | 86,054 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,787,721 |
Cost of sales |  | 3,338,088 |  |  | 394 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,338,482 |
Gross profit |  | 363,579 |  |  | 85,660 |  |  | — |  |  | 449,239 |
Other operating expenses(b) |  | 250,750 |  |  | 61,143 |  |  | 1,460 |  |  | 313,353 |
Operating income (loss) |  | $ | 112,829 |  |  | $ | 24,517 |  |  | $ | (1,460) |  |  | $ | 135,886 |
Other Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization(c) |  | $ | 17,943 |  |  | $ | 7,796 |  |  | $ | 2,875 |  |  | $ | 28,614 |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(d) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | (9,827) |  |  | $ | (152) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (9,979) |
(a) For the year ended June 30, 2025, the amounts in Other operating expenses shown above include restructuring expenses, legal settlement expenses, acquisition expenses, as well as cyberattack restoration costs. For the year ended June 30, 2024, the amounts in Other operating expenses shown above include restructuring expenses, acquisition and divestiture expenses as well as cyberattack restoration costs. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the amounts in Other operating expenses shown above include cyberattack restoration costs
(b) Primarily includes payroll and other employee expenses and other selling and general administrative expenses
(c) Depreciation and amortization expense is primarily included within Other operating expenses
(d) Change in fair value of contingent consideration is included within Other operating expenses

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025

| Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Sales by Geography Category: |  |  |  |  |
United States and Canada | $ | 2,809,447 |  |  | $ | 2,928,606 |  |  | $ | 3,443,562 |
Brazil | 240,071 |  |  | 338,637 |  |  | 355,646 |
Less intercompany sales | (8,708) |  |  | (7,434) |  |  | (11,487) |
| $ | 3,040,810 |  |  | $ | 3,259,809 |  |  | $ | 3,787,721 |

| June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024
| (in thousands)
Assets: |  |  |
Specialty Technology Solutions | $ | 1,564,119 |  |  | $ | 1,499,146 |
Intelisys & Advisory | 221,487 |  |  | 279,886 |
| $ | 1,785,606 |  |  | $ | 1,779,032 |
Property and equipment, net by Geography Category: |  |  |
United States and Canada | $ | 15,047 |  |  | $ | 21,613 |
Brazil | 16,122 |  |  | 11,888 |
| $ | 31,169 |  |  | $ | 33,501 |

(17) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows:

| Fiscal Years Ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Currency translation adjustment | $ | (114,934) |  |  | $ | (117,885) |  |  | $ | (93,136) |
Unrealized loss on fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax | 510 |  |  | 2,032 |  |  | 3,515 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (114,424) |  |  | $ | (115,853) |  |  | $ | (89,621) |

The tax effect of amounts in comprehensive loss reflect a tax expense or benefit as follows:

| Fiscal years ended June 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Tax (benefit) expense | $ | (456) |  |  | $ | (484) |  |  | $ | 737 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
(18) Business Acquisitions
On August 8, 2024, ScanSource acquired substantially all of the assets of Resourcive, a leading technology advisor, through its subsidiary ScanSource Agency, Inc. Resourcive delivers strategic IT sourcing solutions to mid-market and enterprise businesses. On August 15, 2024, ScanSource acquired, through its subsidiary Advantix ScanSource, LLC, substantially all of the assets of Advantix, a managed connectivity experience provider specializing in wireless enablement solutions. The combined initial purchase price of these acquisitions, net of cash acquired, was approximately $56.7 million. The Advantix acquisition is included in the Specialty Technology Solutions segment, and the Resourcive acquisition is included in the Intelisys & Advisory segment. Both acquisitions included future earnout payments, and the Company recorded contingent consideration liabilities at the acquisition dates representing the fair value of estimated amounts payable to sellers. See Note 10 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for the related disclosures regarding the contingent consideration liabilities recognized in connection with these acquisitions.
The purchase prices were allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the transaction dates. Intangible assets acquired include trade names, customer relationships, and developed technology. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets for the amounts of goodwill and intangible assets recognized in connection with these acquisitions. All of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The impact of these acquisitions was not material to the consolidated financial statements. The Company recognized $1.0 million and $0.4 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, in acquisition-related costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.
(19) Business Sale
On December 19, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its UK-based intY business. Under the stock purchase agreement, the Company received proceeds of $17.6 million in cash for the sale, net of cash transferred. The business sale resulted in a $14.2 million gain on sale after considering the net assets sold. The impact of this sale was not material to the consolidated financial statements. The Company received an additional $2.6 million related to the sale for cash released from escrow in fiscal year 2025.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Company received a payment related to a tax settlement of $1.7 million for its divested businesses in Latin America, outside of Brazil. The gain on disposal group has been recorded in net income from discontinued operations in the Consolidated Income Statements.

(20) Restructuring
In January 2024 and September 2024, as part of a strategic review of organizational structure and operations, the Company executed cost reduction and restructuring programs to align our cost structure with demand expectations in our business. The actions taken in January 2024 and September 2024 are expected to result in approximately $10.0 million and $10.5 million, in annualized savings in selling, general and administrative expenses, most of which was realized during this fiscal year.
The following table presents the restructuring and employee separation costs incurred for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

|  |  |  | Fiscal years ended June 30,
|  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
|  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
Employee separation and benefit costs |  |  |  | $ | 5,381 |  |  | $ | 4,358 |  |  |

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, all restructuring costs are recognized in the Corporate reporting unit and have not been allocated to the Specialty Technology Solutions or Intelisys & Advisory segments.
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SCANSOURCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
June 30, 2025
Accrued restructuring costs are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table represents activity for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025:

| Accrued Expenses
| (in thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | — |
Charged to expense | 4,358 |
Cash payments | (2,729) |
Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | 1,629 |
Charged to expense | 5,381 |
Cash payments | (6,455) |
Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | 555 |

The remaining balance as of June 30, 2025 of $0.6 million is expected to be paid through the third quarter of fiscal year 2026.
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ITEM 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Not applicable.
ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of those disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the controls and procedures will meet their objectives.
Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of June 30, 2025, were effective in providing reasonable assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
We assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework. Based on its assessment using those criteria, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2025.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025 has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on internal control over financial reporting which is included with the Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. Other Information.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act).
ITEM 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
Not applicable.
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PART III
Information called for by Part III (Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been omitted as we intend to file with the SEC, pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10K, not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, a definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting pursuant to Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act (the “Part III Filing”). . Such information will be set forth in such Part III Filing and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required to be included by Item 10 of Form 10-K will be included in our Part III Filing and such information is incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required to be included by Item 11 of the Form10-K will be included in our Part III Filing and such information is incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required to be included by Item 12 of Form 10-K will be included in our Part III Filing and such information is incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required to be included by Item 13 of Form 10-K will be included in our Part III Filing and such information is incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The information required to be included by Item 14 of Form 10-K will be included in our Part III Filing and such information is incorporated by reference herein.
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PART IV
ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)(1) Financial Statements. For a list of the financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, see “Index to Financial Statements” included herein.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules. None.
(a)(3) Exhibits. The list of exhibits filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is set forth on the Exhibit Index immediately preceding such exhibits and is incorporated by reference in this Item 15(a)(3).
(b) Exhibits. See Exhibit Index.
(c) Separate Financial Statements and Schedules. None.
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ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None
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Exhibit Index

Exhibit Number |  |  |  | Description |  | Filed herewith |  | Form |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date
3.1 |  |  |  | Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Articles of Amendment |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 3.1 |  | 1/27/2022
3.2 |  |  |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 3.1 |  | 5/7/2024
4.1 |  |  |  | Form of Common Stock Certificate |  |  |  | SB-2 |  | 4.1 |  | 2/7/1994
4.2 |  |  |  | Description of Securities |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 4.2 |  | 8/27/2024
|  |  |  | Executive Compensation Plans and Arrangements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
10.1 |  |  |  | ScanSource, Inc. 2024 Board of Directors Compensation Program |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.1 |  | 8/27/2024
10.2 |  |  |  | ScanSource, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan, as Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2021 |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.3 |  | 5/10/2021
10.3 |  |  |  | Executive Severance Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.3 |  | 6/21/2017
10.4 |  |  |  | ScanSource, Inc. Management Incentive Plan |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.7 |  | 8/22/2023
10.5 |  |  |  | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2017, of Michael L. Baur |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.1 |  | 6/21/2017
10.6 |  |  |  | Employment Letter, dated November 16, 2020, of Stephen Jones |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.1 |  | 2/2/2021
10.7 |  |  |  | Employment Letter, dated May 6, 2021 of Rachel Hayden |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.29 |  | 8/24/2021
10.8 |  |  |  | Employment Letter, dated February 9, 2023 of Shana Smith |  |  |  | 10-K/A |  | 10.23 |  | 10/24/2023
10.9 |  |  |  | Employment Letter, dated June 29, 202 2 of Alexandre Conde |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.11 |  | 8/27/2024
10.10 |  |  |  | Severance Plan, dated December 13, 2023 for Alexandre Conde |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.12 |  | 8/27/2024
10.11 |  |  |  | 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan |  |  |  | S-8 |  | 99 |  | 12/5/2013
10.12 |  |  |  | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award Certificate under ScanSource, Inc. 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan for grants on or after December 5, 2013 |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.3 |  | 2/6/2014
10.13 |  |  |  | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Certificate under ScanSource, Inc. 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan for grants on or after December 5, 2013 |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.4 |  | 2/6/2014
10.14 |  |  |  | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Certificate under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2017 version) |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.3 |  | 12/8/2017
10.15 |  |  |  | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award Certificate under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2017 version) |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.4 |  | 12/8/2017
10.16 |  |  |  | ScanSource, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.3 |  | 8/22/2023
10.17 |  |  |  | Form of Employee Restricted Stock Award Certificate under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.2 |  | 1/27/2022
10.18 |  |  |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Certificate (Service-Based) under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.4 |  | 1/27/2022
10.19 |  |  |  | Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Certificate (Service-Based) under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.5 |  | 1/27/2022

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10.20 |  |  |  | Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Award Certificate (Performance and Service-Based) under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.6 |  | 1/27/2022
10.21 |  |  |  | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award Certificate under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.7 |  | 1/27/2022
10.22 |  |  |  | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Certificate under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.8 |  | 1/27/2022
10.23 |  |  |  | Form of Director Stock Award Certificate under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.9 |  | 1/27/2022
|  |  |  | Bank Agreements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
10.24 |  |  |  | Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement |  |  |  | 8-K |  | 10.1 |  | 9/29/2022
10.25 |  |  |  | Suspension of Rights Agreement, dated as of April 16, 2024, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.1 |  | 5/7/2024
|  |  |  | Other Agreements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
10.26 |  | + |  | Industrial Lease Agreement between Registrant and Industrial Developments International, Inc. |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.26 |  | 8/29/2007
10.27 |  | + |  | Third Amendment to Industrial Lease Agreement between Registrant and Industrial Developments International, Inc. |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.41 |  | 8/29/2016
10.28 |  |  |  | Fourth Amendment to Industrial Lease Agreement |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.1 |  | 5/9/2019
10.29 |  | + |  | Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement between ScanSource, Inc. and Cisco Systems, Inc. |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.38 |  | 8/22/2019
10.30 |  | + |  | Amendment No. 3 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.39 |  | 8/22/2019
10.31 |  | + |  | Amendment No. 5 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.40 |  | 8/22/2019
10.32 |  | + |  | Amendment No. 6 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.41 |  | 8/22/2019
10.33 |  | + |  | Amendment No. 7 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.42 |  | 8/22/2019
10.34 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 9 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.43 |  | 8/22/2019
10.35 |  | + |  | Amendment No. 11 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.44 |  | 8/22/2019
10.36 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 13 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.46 |  | 8/22/2019
10.37 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 14 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.47 |  | 8/22/2019
10.38 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 17 to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.2 |  | 5/10/2021
10.39 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 21 to the Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.59 |  | 8/22/2023
10.40 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 22 to the Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
10.41 |  |  |  | Amendment No. 23 to the Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
10.42 |  | + |  | Addendum to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement dated March 25, 2019 |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.48 |  | 8/22/2019
10.43 |  | + |  | Addendum to Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement dated March 2, 2015 |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.49 |  | 8/22/2019
10.44 |  | + |  | Affiliate Agreement under Cisco Nonexclusive Value Added Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.50 |  | 8/22/2019
10.45 |  | + |  | Distribution Agreement with US Motorola (f/k/a Symbol Technologies, Inc.) |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.58 |  | 8/24/2021
10.46 |  | + |  | Amendment to PartnerEmpower Distribution Agreement with Zebra |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.59 |  | 8/24/2021
10.47 |  |  |  | Participation Agreement Relating to Distribution Agreement with Zebra |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.51 |  | 8/29/2016

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10.48 |  | + |  | Amendment to PartnerConnect EVM Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.61 |  | 8/24/2021
10.49 |  | + |  | Addendum to Zebra PartnerConnect Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 10.2 |  | 5/9/2019
10.50 |  |  |  | Letter of Agreement to PartnerConnect EVM Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.55 |  | 8/31/2020
10.51 |  |  |  | Addendum to Zebra PartnerConnect EVM Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.64 |  | 8/24/2021
10.52 |  | + |  | Addendum to Zebra PartnerConnect EVM Distributor Agreement |  |  |  | 10-K |  | 10.54 |  | 8/27/2024
10.53 |  | + |  | Zebra Partner Connect Program Agreement |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
19.1 |  |  |  | Insider Trading Policy |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
21.1 |  |  |  | Subsidiaries of the Company |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
23.1 |  |  |  | Consent of Grant Thornton LLP |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
31.1 |  |  |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
31.2 |  |  |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
32.1 |  |  |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
32.2 |  |  |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
97.1 |  |  |  | Compensation Recovery Plan |  |  |  | 10-Q |  | 99.1 |  | 11/9/2023
101 |  |  |  | The following materials from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, (ii) the Consolidated Income Statements for the years ended June 30, 2025, June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended June 30, 2025, June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2025, June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text. The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
104 |  |  |  | Cover page Inline XBRL File (Included in Exhibit 101) |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | + |  | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b) of Regulation S-K.
|  |  |  | Our SEC file number for documents filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act is 000-26926.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | SCANSOURCE, INC.
Date: | August 21, 2025 | By: | /s/ MICHAEL L. BAUR
|  |  | Michael L. Baur
|  |  | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature |  | Title |  | Date
/s/ MICHAEL L. BAUR |  | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |  | August 21, 2025
Michael L. Baur |  | (Principal Executive Officer) |  |
/s/ STEVE JONES |  | Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |  | August 21, 2025
Steve Jones |  | (Principal Financial Officer) |  |
/s/ BRANDY FORD |  | Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer |  | August 21, 2025
Brandy Ford |  | (Principal Accounting Officer) |  |
/s/ PETER C. BROWNING |  | Lead Independent Director |  | August 21, 2025
Peter C. Browning |  |  |  |
/s/ FRANK E. EMORY, JR. |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Frank E. Emory, Jr. |  |  |  |
/s/ CHARLES A. MATHIS |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Charles A. Mathis |  |  |  |
/s/ VERNON J. NAGEL |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Vernon Nagel |  |  |  |
/s/ DOROTHY F. RAMONEDA |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Dorothy F. Ramoneda |  |  |  |
/s/ JEFFREY R. RODEK |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Jeffrey R. Rodek |  |  |  |
/s/ ELIZABETH O. TEMPLE |  | Director |  | August 21, 2025
Elizabeth O. Temple |  |  |  |

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