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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate was 9.3% and 10.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 10.8% and 15.3% for the same periods in 2024. We evaluate and update our annual effective income tax rate on a quarterly basis based on current and forecasted operating results and tax laws. Income Taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $0.3 million from the same period in 2024, primarily due to lower pre-tax income and higher income tax benefits associated with increased repair expenditures on tangible property in the Middlesex System. Income Taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $2.4 million from the same period in 2024, primarily due to lower pretax income and higher income tax benefits associated with increased repair expenditures on tangible property in the Middlesex System offset by the 2024 recovery of income taxes on the taxable portion of the proceeds from a litigation agreement.
The statutory Federal tax rate is 21.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. For states with a corporate net income tax, the state corporate net income tax rates range from 8.7% to 9.0% for all periods presented. Our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory tax rate primarily due to the recognition of the income tax benefits for the immediate deduction of repair expenditures on tangible property in the Middlesex System as well as other permanent book-to-tax differences.
On July 4, 2025, the U.S. government enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which includes several changes to U.S. federal income tax law, including the temporary and permanent extension, of expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The Company does not expect this to have a material impact on the Company's 2025 financial statements.