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RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES
In August 2022 and April 2020, we initiated Board-approved restructuring plans. Costs incurred related to the restructuring plan are classified as Restructuring and related charges on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The restructuring activities are summarized by plan in the sections below.
2022 Restructuring Plan
In August 2022, we initiated a multi-phase cost savings plan designed to reduce our expense structure to align with our go-forward business and financial objectives (the “2022 Cost Savings Plan”). The 2022 Cost Savings Plan included a restructuring plan, approved by our Board on August 5, 2022 (the “2022 Restructuring Plan”). The first phase of the 2022 Restructuring Plan is expected to include an overall reduction of approximately 500 positions globally, with the majority of these reductions expected to occur by the end of 2022 and the remainder in early 2023. In connection with these actions, we expect to record total pre-tax charges of $10.0 million to $20.0 million. Substantially all of the pre-tax charges are expected to be paid in cash and will relate to employee severance and compensation benefits, with an immaterial amount of charges related to other exit costs. We expect to begin the next phase of our restructuring actions under this plan in 2023, and we anticipate these actions will include a focus on reducing our technology platform costs following the completion of our transition to the cloud. We have incurred total pretax charges of $6.2 million since the inception of the 2022 Restructuring Plan.
The following tables summarize costs incurred by segment related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands):
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Employee Severance and Benefit Costs (Credits) (1)
Other Exit CostsTotal Restructuring Charges (Credits)
North America$4,600 $158 $4,758 
International1,436 — 1,436 
Consolidated$6,036 $158 $6,194 
(1)The employee severance and benefits costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are related to the termination of approximately 380 employees, of which 318 are still completing their notice period and legally-required severance and benefits have been recognized as of September 30, 2022. Additional severance and benefits costs related to the remaining 318 employees may be incurred in future periods.
The following table summarizes restructuring liability activity for the 2022 Restructuring Plan (in thousands):
Employee Severance and Benefit CostsOther Exit CostsTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2021
$— $— $— 
Charges payable in cash6,036 158 6,194 
Cash payments(3,167)— (3,167)
Foreign currency translation(29)— (29)
Balance as of September 30, 2022 (1)
$2,840 $158 $2,998 
(1)Substantially all of the remaining cash payments for the 2022 Restructuring Plan costs are expected to be disbursed through 2023.
2020 Restructuring Plan
In April 2020, the Board approved a multi-phase restructuring plan related to our previously-announced strategic shift and as part of the cost cutting measures implemented in response to the impact of COVID-19 on our business (the "2020 Restructuring Plan"). We have incurred total pretax charges of $108.7 million since the inception of the 2020 Restructuring Plan. Our actions under this plan were substantially completed by December 31, 2021, and our current and future charges or credits will be from changes in estimates. Our 2020 Restructuring Plan included workforce reductions of approximately 1,600 positions globally, the exit or discontinuation of the use of certain leases and other assets, impairments of our right-of-use and other long-lived assets, and the exit of our operations in New Zealand and Japan. In the first quarter 2021, we substantially liquidated our subsidiary in Japan and reclassified $32.3 million of cumulative foreign currency translation gains into earnings, which is presented in Other income (expense), net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The following tables summarize costs incurred by segment related to the 2020 Restructuring Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Employee Severance and Benefit Costs (Credits)Legal and Advisory CostsProperty, Equipment and Software ImpairmentsRight-of-Use Asset Impairments and Lease-related Charges (Credits)Total Restructuring Charges (Credits)
North America$— $(1)$— $(1,578)$(1,579)
International121 28 — 148 297 
Consolidated$121 $27 $— $(1,430)$(1,282)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Employee Severance and Benefit Costs (Credits)Legal and Advisory CostsProperty, Equipment and Software ImpairmentsRight-of-Use Asset Impairments and Lease-related Charges (Credits)Total Restructuring Charges (Credits)
North America$26 $251 $602 $5,610 $6,489 
International2,600 571 268 2,555 5,994 
Consolidated$2,626 $822 $870 $8,165 $12,483 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Employee Severance and Benefit Costs (Credits)Legal and Advisory CostsProperty, Equipment and Software ImpairmentsRight-of-Use Asset Impairments and Lease-related Charges (Credits)Total Restructuring Charges (Credits)
North America$1 $129 $— $(404)$(274)
International305 89 — 1,849 2,243 
Consolidated$306 $218 $— $1,445 $1,969 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Employee Severance and Benefit Costs (Credits)Legal and Advisory CostsProperty, Equipment and Software ImpairmentsRight-of-Use Asset Impairments and Lease-related Charges (Credits)Total Restructuring Charges (Credits)
North America$458 $1,482 $602 $6,974 $9,516 
International21,665 599 268 2,102 24,634 
Consolidated$22,123 $2,081 $870 $9,076 $34,150 
As a part of our 2020 Restructuring Plan, we terminated or modified several of our leases. In other cases we vacated our leased facilities, and some of those facilities are being actively marketed for sublease or we are in negotiations with the landlord to potentially terminate or modify those leases. We recognized impairment related to those leases for $1.8 million and $2.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $7.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. See Note 2, Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets, for additional information. In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a gain of $4.5 million in Restructuring and related charges for one of our previously-impaired leases in our North America segment due to a reassessment of the term. Rent expense, including amortization of the right-of-use asset and accretion of the operating lease liability, sublease income, termination and modification gains and losses, and other variable lease costs related to the leased facilities vacated as part of our restructuring plan are presented within Restructuring and related charges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The current and non-current liabilities associated with these leases continue to be presented within Other current liabilities and Operating lease obligations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table summarizes restructuring liability activity for the 2020 Restructuring Plan (in thousands):
Employee Severance and Benefit CostsLegal and Advisory CostsTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2021
$11,038 $311 $11,349 
Charges payable in cash 306 218 524 
Cash payments(5,390)(170)(5,560)
Foreign currency translation(921)(66)(987)
Balance as of September 30, 2022 (1)
$5,033 $293 $5,326 
(1)Substantially all of the remaining cash payments for the 2020 Restructuring Plan costs are expected to be disbursed by the end of 2023.