Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Income Tax Benefit Attributable to Our Loss from Operations

Income tax benefit attributable to our loss from operations before income taxes differs from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% for 2020 and 2019, as a result of the following (in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2020			2019
U.S. federal income tax benefit at statutory rates	$	(2,047	)	$	(1,151	)
State income tax benefit, net of federal benefit		(350	)		(201	)
Change in state tax rate		110			—
Research and experimentation credits		(191	)		(31	)
Deferred tax asset adjustment		3			3
Other		103			115
Change in valuation allowance		2,363			1,098
Income tax benefit	$	(9	)	$	(167	)

Net Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The income tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to significant portions of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of December 31,
	2020			2019
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	44,142		$	41,989
Charitable contribution carryforwards		433			439
Research and experimentation credits		1,860			1,668
Capitalized intangibles		416			387
Stock-based compensation		116			119
Depreciation and amortization		(5	)		—
Accrued compensation		22			16
Lease liabilities		111			—
Other		—			9
Total deferred tax assets		47,095			44,627
Valuation allowance		(46,990	)		(44,627	)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance		105			—
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right-of-use asset		(105	)		—
Net deferred tax liability	$	—		$	—