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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax Benefit Attributable to Our Loss from Operations

Income tax benefit attributable to the Company’s loss from operations before income taxes differs from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% for 2022 and 2021, as a result of the following (in thousands):

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

U.S. federal income tax benefit at statutory rates

$

(2,085

)

 

$

(4,058

)

State income tax benefit, net of federal benefit

 

(357

)

 

 

(695

)

Research and experimentation credits

 

 

 

 

(560

)

Deferred tax asset adjustment

 

2

 

 

 

 

Other

 

186

 

 

 

185

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

2,254

 

 

 

5,128

 

Income tax benefit

$

 

 

$

 

Net Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The income tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to significant portions of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating loss carryforwards

$

50,008

 

 

$

48,520

 

Charitable contribution carryforwards

 

393

 

 

 

443

 

Research and experimentation credits

 

2,420

 

 

 

2,420

 

Capitalized research and development costs

 

979

 

 

 

 

Capitalized intangibles

 

356

 

 

 

387

 

Stock-based compensation

 

205

 

 

 

152

 

Accrued compensation

 

6

 

 

 

196

 

Lease liabilities

 

94

 

 

 

119

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

54,461

 

 

 

52,237

 

Valuation allowance

 

(54,372

)

 

 

(52,118

)

Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

 

89

 

 

 

119

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Right-of-use asset

 

(84

)

 

 

(107

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

(5

)

 

 

(12

)

Net deferred tax liability

$

 

 

$