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Fair Value Measurements | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The Company has categorized its financial assets and financial liabilities that are recorded at fair value into a hierarchy in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure, ("ASC 820") based on whether the inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as follows:
Level 1 – | Inputs represent quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities as of the measurement date.
Level 2 – | Inputs, other than those included in Level 1, represent observable measurements for similar instruments in active markets, or identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and observable measurements or market data for instruments with substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 – | Inputs represent unobservable measurements, supported by little, if any, market activity, and require considerable assumptions that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. Market valuations must often be determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, pricing models or similar techniques based on the Company’s assumptions and best judgment.
The asset or liability's fair value within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Under ASC 820, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction at the measurement date and under current market conditions. Valuation techniques used maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs and consider assumptions such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and risk of nonperformance. Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Based on the interest rates for similar financial instruments, the carrying value of mortgage and other notes receivable is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The estimated fair value of mortgage and other indebtedness was $3,905,211 and $4,199,357 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The fair value was calculated using Level 2 inputs by discounting future cash flows for mortgage and other indebtedness using estimated market rates at which similar loans would be made currently. Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis The Company measures the fair value of certain long-lived assets on a nonrecurring basis, through quarterly impairment testing or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The Company considers both quantitative and qualitative factors in its impairment analysis of long-lived assets. Significant quantitative factors include historical and forecasted information for each property such as net operating income ("NOI"), occupancy statistics and sales levels. Significant qualitative factors used include market conditions, age and condition of the property and tenant mix. Due to the significant unobservable estimates and assumptions used in the valuation of long-lived assets that experience impairment, the Company classifies such long-lived assets under Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Level 3 inputs primarily consist of sales and market data, independent valuations and discounted cash flow models. Long-lived Assets Measured at Fair Value in 2018 The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and related impairment charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |  |
| Total |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total Loss on Impairment
Long-lived assets | $ | 42,100 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,100 |  |  | $ | 84,644 |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized an impairment of real estate of $84,644 related to two malls and undeveloped land:
Impairment Date |  | Property |  | Location |  | Segment Classification |  | Loss on Impairment |  | Fair Value
March |  | Janesville Mall (1) |  | Janesville, WI |  | Malls |  | $ | 18,061 |  |  | $ | — |
June |  | Cary Towne Center (2) |  | Cary, NC |  | Malls |  | 51,985 |  |  | 34,000 |
September |  | Vacant land (3) |  | D'Iberville, MS |  | All Other |  | 14,598 |  |  | 8,100 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 84,644 |  |  | $ | 42,100 |
(1) | The Company adjusted the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value based upon a net sales price of $17,640 in a signed contract with a third party buyer, adjusted to reflect estimated disposition costs. The mall was classified as held for sale as of June 30, 2018 until its sale in in July 2018. See Note 5 for additional information.
(2) | In June 2018, the Company was notified by IKEA that, as a result of a shift in its corporate strategy, it was terminating the contract to purchase land at the mall upon which it would develop and open a store. Under the terms of the interest-only non-recourse loan secured by the mall, the loan matured on the date the IKEA contract terminated if that date was prior to the scheduled maturity date of March 5, 2019. The Company engaged in conversations with the lender regarding a potential restructure of the loan. Based on the results of these conversations, the Company concluded that an impairment was required because it was unlikely to recover the asset's net carrying value through future cash flows. Management determined the fair value of Cary Towne Center using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a 10-year holding period, a capitalization rate of 12.0% and a discount rate of 13%. See Note 7 for information related to the mortgage loan.
(3) | In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment review process, the Company wrote down the book value of land to its estimated value of $8,100. The Company evaluated comparable land parcel transactions and determined that $8,100 was the land's estimated fair value.
Long-lived Assets Measured at Fair Value in 2017 The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's assets, which are included in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2018, that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and related impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2017:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
| Total |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Long-lived assets | $ | 81,350 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81,350 |
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company wrote down the book value of the following properties:
Impairment Date |  | Property |  | Location |  | Segment Classification |  | Loss on Impairment |  | Fair Value
June |  | Acadiana Mall (1) |  | Lafayette, LA |  | Malls |  | $ | 43,007 |  |  | $ | 67,300 |
September |  | Hickory Point Mall (2) |  | Forsyth, IL |  | Malls |  | 24,525 |  |  | 14,050 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 67,532 |  |  | $ | 81,350 |
(1) | In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment review process, the Company wrote down the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value of $67,300. Management determined the fair value of Acadiana Mall using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a holding period of 10 years, with a sale at the end of the holding period, a capitalization rate of 15.5% and a discount rate of 15.75%. The mall has experienced declining tenant sales and cash flows as a result of the downturn of the economy in its market area and was also impacted by an anchor's announcement in the second quarter 2017 that it would close its store later in 2017. The loan secured by Acadiana Mall matured in April 2017 and is in default. See Note 7 for additional information related to the mortgage loan.
(2) | In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment review process, the Company wrote down the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value of $14,050. Management determined the fair value of Hickory Point Mall using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a holding period of 10 years, with a sale at the end of the holding period, a capitalization rate of 18.0% and a discount rate of 19.0%.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2155941 + Details
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