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Combined Guarantor Subsidiaries - Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Condensed Financial Statements Captions [Line Items]

Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements

The Company has categorized its financial assets and financial liabilities that are recorded at fair value into a hierarchy in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure , ("ASC 820") based on whether the inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1 –	Inputs represent quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities as of the measurement date.
Level 2 –	Inputs, other than those included in Level 1, represent observable measurements for similar instruments in active markets, or identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and observable measurements or market data for instruments with substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 –	Inputs represent unobservable measurements, supported by little, if any, market activity, and require considerable assumptions that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. Market valuations must often be determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, pricing models or similar techniques based on the Company’s assumptions and best judgment.

The asset or liability's fair value within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Under ASC 820, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction at the measurement date and under current market conditions. Valuation techniques used maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs and consider assumptions such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and risk of nonperformance.

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Based on the interest rates for similar financial instruments, the carrying value of mortgage and other notes receivable is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The estimated fair value of mortgage and other indebtedness was $2,661,981 and $2,970,246 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The fair value was calculated using Level 2 inputs by discounting future cash flows for mortgage and other indebtedness using estimated market rates at which similar loans would be made currently.

During March 2020, the Company purchased U.S. Treasury securities that are scheduled to mature between April 2021 and June 2021. The Company has designated these securities as available-for-sale (“AFS”). The fair value of these securities was calculated based on quoted market prices in active markets and are included in the Level 1 fair value hierarchy. The Company believes the market for U.S. Treasury securities is an actively traded market given the high level of daily trading volume. The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s AFS securities that were measured at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

AFS Security

Amortized

Cost

Allowance

for credit

losses ⁽¹⁾

Total unrealized gains/(losses)

Fair Value

U.S. Treasury securities

153,150

—

153,172

(1)

U.S Treasury securities have a long history with no credit losses. Additionally, the Company notes that U.S Treasury securities are explicitly fully guaranteed by a sovereign entity that can print its own currency and that the sovereign entity’s currency is routinely held by central banks and other major financial institutions, is used in international commerce, and commonly viewed as a reserve currency, all of which qualitatively indicate that historical credit loss information should be minimally affected by current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Therefore, the Company did not record expected credit losses for its U.S Treasury securities for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The Company adopted the ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), on January 1, 2020. Under ASC Topic 326-30, the Company elected to exclude applicable accrued interest from both the fair value and the amortized cost basis of the available-for-sale debt securities, and separately present the accrued interest receivable balance within the Other Receivables line item of the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The accrued interest receivables balance totaled $1,082 as of March 31, 2020. The Company elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable as an allowance on possible uncollectable accrued interest receivable is recorded in a timely manner.

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company measures the fair value of certain long-lived assets on a nonrecurring basis, through quarterly impairment testing or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The Company considers both quantitative and qualitative factors in its impairment analysis of long-lived assets. Significant quantitative factors include historical and forecasted information for each property such as net operating income ("NOI"), occupancy statistics and sales levels. Significant qualitative factors used include market conditions, age and condition of the property and tenant mix. Due to the significant unobservable estimates and assumptions used in the valuation of long-lived assets that experience impairment, the Company classifies such long-lived assets under Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Level 3 inputs primarily consist of sales and market data, independent valuations and discounted cash flow models.

Long-lived Assets Measured at Fair Value in 2020

The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and related impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Loss on Impairment
2020:
Long-lived assets	$	114,300	$	—	$	—	$	114,300	$	133,644

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recognized impairments of real estate of $133,644 related to two malls.

Impairment Date	Property	Location	Segment Classification	Loss on Impairment		Fair Value
March	Burnsville Center ⁽¹⁾	Burnsville, MN	Malls	$	26,562	$	47,300
March	Monroeville Mall ⁽²⁾	Pittsburgh, PA	Malls		107,082		67,000
				$	133,644	$	114,300

(1)

In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment process, the Company wrote down the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value of $47,300. The mall had experienced a decline of NOI due to store closures and rent reductions. These factors resulted in a reduction of the expected hold period for this asset based on Management’s assessment that there was an increased likelihood that the loan secured by the mall may not be successfully restructured or refinanced. Management determined the fair value of Burnsville Center using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a holding period of ten years, with a sale at the end of the holding period, a capitalization rate of 14.5% and a discount rate of 15.5%.

(2)

In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment process, the Company wrote down the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value of $67,000. The mall had experienced a decline of NOI due to store closures and rent reductions. Management determined the fair value of Monroeville Mall using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a holding period of ten years, with a sale at the end of the holding period, a capitalization rate of 14.0% and a discount rate of 14.5%.

Long-lived Assets Measured at Fair Value in 2019

The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and related impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2019:

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Loss on Impairment
2019:
Long-lived assets	$	70,800	$	—	$	—	$	70,800	$	24,825

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized impairments of real estate of $25,054 related to two malls:

Impairment Date	Property	Location	Segment Classification	Loss on Impairment			Fair Value
March	Greenbrier Mall ⁽¹⁾	Chesapeake, VA	Malls	$	22,770		$	56,300
March	Honey Creek Mall ⁽²⁾	Terre Haute, IN	Malls		2,284			14,500
January/March	Other adjustments ⁽³⁾	Various	Malls		( 229	)		—
				$	24,825		$	70,800

(1)

In accordance with the Company's quarterly impairment process, the Company wrote down the book value of the mall to its estimated fair value of $56,300. The mall had experienced a decline in cash flows due to store closures and rent reductions. Additionally, one anchor was vacant as of the date of impairment. These factors resulted in a reduction of the expected hold period for this asset based on Management’s assessment that there was an increased likelihood that the loan secured by the mall may not be successfully restructured or refinanced. Management determined the fair value of Greenbrier Mall using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow used assumptions including a holding period of ten years, with a sale at the end of the holding period, a capitalization rate of 11.5% and a discount rate of 11.5%.

(2)	The Company adjusted the book value of the mall to the net sales price of $14,360 based on a signed contract with a third-party buyer, adjusted to reflect estimated disposition costs. The mall was sold in April 2019. See Note 6 for additional information.

( 3 )

Related to true-ups of estimated expenses to actual expenses for properties sold in prior periods.

Guarantor Subsidiaries

Condensed Financial Statements Captions [Line Items]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements

The Combined Guarantor Subsidiaries have categorized financial assets and financial liabilities that are recorded at fair value into a hierarchy in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure , ("ASC 820") based on whether the inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1 –

Inputs represent quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities as of the measurement date.

Level 2 –

Inputs, other than those included in Level 1, represent observable measurements for similar instruments in active markets, or identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and observable measurements or market data for instruments with substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3 –

Inputs represent unobservable measurements, supported by little, if any, market activity, and require considerable assumptions that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. Market valuations must often be determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, pricing models or similar techniques based on the Combined Guarantor Subsidiaries' assumptions and best judgment.

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Based on the interest rates for similar financial instruments, the carrying value of the note receivable is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The estimated fair value of mortgage notes payable was $204,785 and $202,772 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The fair value was calculated using Level 2 inputs by discounting future

cash flows for mortgage notes payable using estimated market rates at which similar loans would be made currently.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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