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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Receivable [Policy Text Block]

Loans at fair value. Loans at fair value represent receivables for which we have elected the fair value option (the "Fair Value Receivables"). 

 

Further details concerning our loans at fair value are presented within Note 6, "Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities."

 

Loans at amortized cost. Our loans at amortized cost, currently consist of receivables associated with our Auto Finance segment’s operations. We purchased auto loans with outstanding principal of $61.0 million and $65.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, through our pre-qualified network of independent automotive dealers and automotive finance companies.

 

Certain of our loans at amortized cost also contain components of deferred revenue related to loan discounts on the purchase of our auto finance receivables. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the weighted average remaining accretion period for the $18.7 million and $17.9 million of deferred revenue reflected in the consolidated balance sheets was 25 and 26 months, respectively.

 

A roll-forward (in millions) of our allowance for credit losses by class of receivable is as follows:

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

 

2024

  

2023

 

Allowances for credit losses:

        

Balance at beginning of period

 $(1.8) $(1.6)

Provision for credit losses

  (2.9)  (0.7)

Charge-offs

  1.8   1.0 

Recoveries

  (0.5)  (0.4)

Balance at end of period

 $(3.4) $(1.7)

 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 

As of

 

2024

  

2023

 

Allowances for credit losses:

        

Balance at end of period individually evaluated for impairment

 $(1.6) $— 

Balance at end of period collectively evaluated for impairment

 $(1.8) $(1.8)

Loans at amortized cost:

        

Loans at amortized cost

 $122.3  $118.0 

Loans at amortized cost individually evaluated for impairment

 $2.4  $— 

Loans at amortized cost collectively evaluated for impairment

 $119.9  $118.0 

 

We consider loan delinquencies a key indicator of credit quality because this measure provides the best ongoing estimate of how a particular class of receivables is performing. An aging of our delinquent loans at amortized cost (in millions) as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows:

 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 

As of

 

2024

  

2023

 

30-59 days past due

 $7.8  $9.4 

60-89 days past due

  3.0   3.4 

90 or more days past due

  3.2   3.5 

Delinquent loans at amortized cost

  14.0   16.3 

Current loans at amortized cost

  108.3   101.7 

Total loans at amortized cost

 $122.3  $118.0 

Balance of loans greater than 90-days delinquent still accruing interest and fees

 $2.1  $2.6 

 

Loan Modifications and Restructurings

 

We review our Loans at amortized cost to determine if any modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty were made that would qualify the receivable as a Financial Difficulty Modification ("FDM"). This could include a restructuring of the loan terms to alleviate the burden of the borrower's near-term cash requirements, such as a modification of terms to reduce or defer cash payments to help the borrower attempt to improve its financial condition. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, no Loans at amortized cost qualified as a FDM. 

 
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

 

We experienced effective tax rates of 21.1% and 23.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, were above the statutory rate to varying degrees between the two periods principally due to (1) state and foreign income tax expense, (2) interest accrued on uncertain tax positions, (3) taxes on global intangible low-taxed income, and (4) deduction disallowance under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, with respect to compensation paid to our covered employees. Offsetting the foregoing items were (1) our deduction for income tax purposes of amounts characterized in our consolidated financial statements as dividends on a preferred stock issuance, such amounts constituting deductible interest expense on a debt issuance for tax purposes and (2) deductions associated with the vesting of restricted stock at times when the fair value of our stock exceeded such share-based awards’ grant date values.

 

We report interest expense associated with our income tax liabilities (including accrued liabilities for uncertain tax positions) within our income tax line item on our consolidated statements of income. We likewise report within such line item the reversal of interest expense associated with our accrued liabilities for uncertain tax positions to the extent we resolve such liabilities in a manner favorable to our accruals therefor. Our interest expense was de minimis in the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $0.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023.

 

 
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Policy Text Block]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

Revenue from contracts with customers is included in Other revenue on our consolidated statements of income. Components (in thousands) of our revenue from contracts with customers is as follows:

 

             

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

CaaS

  

Auto Finance

  

Total

 

Interchange revenues, net (1)

 $4,664  $—  $4,664 

Servicing income

  1,335   200   1,535 

Service charges and other customer related fees

  5,679   17   5,696 

Total revenue from contracts with customers

 $11,678  $217  $11,895 

(1) Interchange revenue is presented net of customer reward expense.

 

             

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

 

CaaS

  

Auto Finance

  

Total

 

Interchange revenues, net (1)

 $4,616  $—  $4,616 

Servicing income

  705   191   896 

Service charges and other customer related fees

  1,393   19   1,412 

Total revenue from contracts with customers

 $6,714  $210  $6,924 

(1) Interchange revenue is presented net of customer reward expense.

 
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" ("Topic 740"). Topic 740 modifies the rules on income tax disclosures to require entities to disclose (i) specific categories in the rate reconciliation, (ii) the income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit (separated between domestic and foreign) and (iii) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations (separated by federal, state and foreign). Topic 740 also requires entities to disclose their income tax payments to international, federal, state and local jurisdictions, among other changes. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. This guidance should be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on our financial statement disclosures.

 

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segments Disclosures" ("Topic 280"). Topic 280 enhances disclosures of significant segment expenses and other segment items regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), extends certain annual disclosures to interim periods and permits more than one measure of segment profit (loss) to be reported under certain conditions. The amendments are effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Retrospective adoption to all periods presented is required, and early adoption of the amendments is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on our financial statement disclosures.

 

On March 31, 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. Topic 326 eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings by creditors while adding disclosures for certain loan restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. This guidance requires an entity to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. Additionally, Topic 326 requires disclosure of current period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. The disclosures required by Topic 326 are required for receivables held at amortized cost and exclude those accounted for using fair value. The Company adopted Topic 326 on January 1, 2023. As the significant majority of the Company's receivables are held at fair value, the adoption of Topic 326 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial results and accompanying disclosures.