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INCOME AND MINING TAXES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
INCOME AND MINING TAXES.  
Schedule of deferred income tax recovery (expense)

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

United States

$

$

$

Foreign

7,663

Current tax expense

$

7,663

$

$

United States

$

$

(387)

$

(817)

Foreign

(1,856)

(6,928)

(573)

Deferred tax recovery

$

(1,856)

$

(7,315)

$

(1,390)

United States

$

$

(387)

$

(817)

Foreign

5,806

(6,928)

(573)

Total income and mining tax expense/(recovery)

$

5,806

$

(7,315)

$

(1,390)

Schedule of net income (loss) before tax

2022

    

2021

2020

United States

$

(20,618)

$

(24,808)

$

(127,524)

Foreign

(59,670)

(39,391)

(26,191)

Loss before income and mining taxes

$

(80,288)

$

(64,199)

$

(153,715)

Schedule of reconciliation of tax provision at statutory U.S. Federal and State income tax rates to actual tax provision recorded in financial statements

Expected tax recovery at

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

Loss before income and mining taxes

$

(80,288)

$

(64,199)

$

(153,715)

Statutory tax rate

21%

21%

21%

US Federal and State tax expense at statutory rate

(16,860)

(13,482)

(32,280)

Reconciling items:

Equity pickup in MSC

 

(583)

 

1,326

 

374

Deferred foreign income inclusion

 

 

 

795

Realized flow-through expenditures

2,169

6,148

496

Realized flow-through premium

(2,011)

(3,486)

(338)

Adjustment for foreign tax rates

 

(8,384)

 

(3,039)

 

(2,043)

Deferred mining tax liability

116

Permanent differences

 

31,369

 

9,353

 

(2,546)

NOL expires and revisions

 

 

241

 

1,066

Valuation allowance

 

(10)

 

(4,377)

 

33,086

Income and mining tax expense (recovery)

$

5,806

$

(7,315)

$

(1,390)

Schedule of tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities

    

2022

    

2021

 

Deferred tax assets:

Net operating loss carryforward

$

65,174

$

70,830

Mineral Properties

 

69,326

 

59,426

Other temporary differences

 

22,433

 

29,009

Total gross deferred tax assets

 

156,933

 

159,265

Less: valuation allowance

 

(149,342)

 

(149,921)

Net deferred tax assets

$

7,591

$

9,344

Deferred tax liabilities:

Acquired mineral property interests

(7,746)

(9,344)

Total deferred tax liabilities

$

(7,746)

$

(9,344)

Deferred income and mining tax liability

$

(155)

$

Summary of changes in valuation allowance

For the year ended December 31,

    

Balance at
beginning of year

    

Additions(a)

    

Deductions(b)

    

Balance at
end of year

2022

$

149,921

$

6,600

$

(7,179)

$

149,342

2021

154,298

4,058

(8,435)

149,921

2020

121,212

39,794

(6,708)

154,298

(a)The additions to valuation allowance mainly result from the Company and its subsidiaries incurring losses and exploration expenses for tax purposes which do not meet the more-likely-than-not criterion for recognition of deferred tax assets.
(b)The reductions to valuation allowance mainly result from release of valuation allowance, expiration of the Company’s tax attributes, foreign exchange reductions of tax attributes in Canada, Mexico and Argentina and inflationary adjustments to tax attributes in Argentina.
Summary of losses that can be applied against future taxable profit

Country

    

Type of Loss

    

Amount

    

Expiry Period

United States(a)

Net-operating losses

$

197,714

2027-Unlimited

Mexico

Net-operating losses

46,842

2023-2032

Canada(a)

Net-operating losses

35,576

2025-2040

Argentina(a)

Net-operating losses

1,288

2023-2027

(a)The losses in the United States, Canada, and Argentina are part of multiple consolidating groups, and therefore, may be restricted in use to specific projects.