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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Emerging Growth Company

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company, which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $2,171,553 and $50,858 of cash and no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account

Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account

Following the closing of the IPO on December 14, 2021, an amount of $234,600,000 from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants was placed in the Trust Account and may be invested only in U.S. government securities with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. The Trust Account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earliest to occur of: (i) the completion of the initial Business Combination; (ii) the redemption of any public shares properly tendered in connection with a stockholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to provide its public stockholders the right to have their Public Shares redeemed in connection with an initial Business Combination or to redeem 100% of the Public Shares if the Company does not complete the initial Business Combination by December 14, 2024 or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights or pre-initial Business Combination activity; and (iii) the redemption of the Company’s Public Shares if the Company is unable to complete the initial Business Combination by December 14, 2024.

In connection with the Special Meeting, the holders of 18,849,935 shares of Class A common stock properly exercised their right to redeem their shares for an aggregate redemption amount of $197,694,657, resulting in 4,150,065 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding and subject to possible redemption. Accordingly, at December 31, 2023, there were 8,350,065 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding, including 4,150,065 shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption. Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the “Trustee”) processed the redemptions and withdrew the $197,694,657 payable to the holders redeeming 18,849,935 shares of Class A common stock on July 7, 2023.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement” (“ASC 820”), approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;
Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and
Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value on the grant date and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, derivative liabilities are comprised of the warrant liability of $580,500 and $527,050, respectively.

Warrant Liability

Warrant Liability

The Company accounts for warrants for the Company’s common stock that are not indexed to its own shares as liabilities at fair value on the balance sheet. The warrants are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of other income (expense), net on the statement of operations. The Company will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the exercise or expiration of the common stock warrants. At that time, the portion of the warrant liability related to the common stock warrants will be reclassified to additional paid-in capital.

Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, 4,150,065 and 23,000,000 shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, respectively, is presented, at redemption value, as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheet.

The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Such changes are reflected in additional paid-in capital, or in the absence of additional capital, in accumulated deficit. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company has recorded accretion of $6,707,678 to remeasure the value of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption value of $44,709,805.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Class A common stock, classified as temporary equity in the balance sheets reconciled in the following table:

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2021

    

$

234,600,690

Remeasurement of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption

3,383,823

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2022

237,984,513

Remeasurement of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption

 

6,707,678

Share redemptions payable

(197,694,657)

Trust Account withdrawal for tax payments

(2,287,729)

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2023

$

44,709,805

Income taxes

Income taxes

The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as income tax expense. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position, other than penalties and interest of $22,062 and $0 related to late filing of the Company’s 2022 federal and state tax returns, which could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviations from its position as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Stock

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Stock

The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”. The statements of operations include a presentation of income per Class A redeemable common stock and income (loss) per non-redeemable common stock following the two-class method of income per common stock. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the Class A redeemable common stock and non-redeemable common stock, the Company first considered the total income allocable to both sets of stock. This is calculated using the total net income less any dividends paid. For purposes of calculating net income (loss) per share, any remeasurement of the Class A common stock subject to possible redemption was treated as dividends paid to the public stockholders. Subsequent to calculating the total income (loss) allocable to both sets of stock, the Company split the amount to be allocated using the weighted average shares outstanding ratio for the Class A redeemable common stock and for the non-redeemable Class A and Class B common stock for the year ended December 31, 2023 as a result of shareholder redemptions. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company split the amount to be allocated using a ratio of 80% for the Class A redeemable common stock and 20% for the non-redeemable common stock, reflective of the respective participation rights.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net income per common stock (in dollars, except per share amounts):

    

For the Year Ended

    

December 31, 2023

Net income

$

2,729,602

Plus: Trust Account withdrawals for tax payments

2,287,729

Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

 

(6,707,678)

Net loss including accretion of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

$

(1,690,348)

For the Year Ended

 

December 31, 2023

 

    

Class A

    

Class A and Class B

    

 

Redeemable Shares

Non-redeemable Shares

Total

Total number of shares

    

4,150,065

    

5,750,000

    

9,900,065

Weighted average shares ratio

 

68

%

32

%

100

%

Net income allocated based on ownership percentage

$

1,865,473

$

864,129

$

2,729,602

Plus: Trust Account withdrawals for tax payments based on weighted average shares ratio

1,563,487

724,242

2,287,729

Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value based on weighted average shares ratio

(4,584,183)

(2,123,495)

(6,707,678)

Less: Accretion applicable to Trust Account withdrawals for tax payments

 

(2,287,729)

 

 

(2,287,729)

Plus: Accretion applicable to remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

 

6,707,678

 

 

6,707,678

Total income (loss) based on ownership percentage

$

3,264,726

$

(535,124)

$

2,729,602

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

12,413,050

 

5,750,000

 

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share

$

0.26

$

(0.09)

 

For the Year Ended

    

December 31, 2022

Net income

$

18,132,948

Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

(3,383,823)

Net income including accretion of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

$

14,749,125

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2022

 

Class A

Class A and Class B

 

Redeemable Shares

Non-redeemable Shares

Total

Total number of shares

    

23,000,000

    

5,750,000

    

28,750,000

Ownership percentage

 

80

%  

20

%  

100

%

Net income allocated based on ownership percentage

 

$

14,506,359

 

$

3,626,589

 

$

18,132,948

Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value based on ownership percentage

 

(2,707,058)

 

(676,765)

 

(3,383,823)

Plus: Accretion applicable to remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value

 

3,383,823

 

 

3,383,823

Total income (loss) based on ownership percentage

$

15,183,124

$

2,949,824

$

18,132,948

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

23,000,000

 

5,750,000

 

Basic and diluted net income per share

$

0.66

$

0.51

 

Related Parties

Related Parties

Parties, which can be a corporation or individual, are considered to be related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current GAAP. ASU 2020-06 removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception and it also simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. ASU 2020-06 became effective on January 1, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company did not early adopt ASU 2020-06. Management has evaluated and determined that there is not a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which will require the Company to disclose specified additional information in its income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 will also require the Company to disaggregate its income taxes paid disclosure by federal, state and foreign taxes, with further disaggregation required for significant individual jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 will become effective for Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is still reviewing the impact of ASU 2023-09.