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Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Insurance [Abstract]  
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
10. Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserve balances for losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance is summarized as follows for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
20232022
Reserve for losses and LAE gross of reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE as of beginning of the period$293.8 $260.8 
Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE(228.8)(216.8)
Reserve for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables as of beginning of the period65.0 44.0 
Add: Incurred losses and LAE, net of reinsurance, related to:
Current year183.7 113.2 
Prior years(2.0)(11.8)
Total incurred181.7 101.4 
Deduct: Loss and LAE payments, net of reinsurance, related to:
Current year127.5 56.7 
Prior year18.1 23.7 
Total paid145.6 80.4 
Reserve for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables at end of period101.1 65.0 
Add: Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE at end of period221.4 228.8 
Reserve for losses and LAE gross of reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE as of end of the period$322.5 $293.8 
Loss development occurs when actual losses incurred vary from the Company’s previously developed estimates, which are established through the Company’s loss and LAE reserve estimate processes.
Net incurred losses and LAE experienced favorable development of $2.0 million and $11.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The prior period development in 2023 of $2.0 million was driven primarily by favorable net loss development relating to the 2022 accident year, resulting in a net release of $2.1 million from catastrophe reserves. These changes are primarily a result of ongoing analysis of claims emergence patterns and loss trends. The prior period development in 2022 of $11.8 million was driven primarily by favorable net loss development relating to the 2021 accident year, resulting in a net release of $5.8 million from attritional reserves and $6.0 million from catastrophe reserves. These changes are primarily a result of ongoing analysis of claims emergence patterns and loss trends.
The following tables present information about incurred and paid loss development as of December 31, 2023, net of reinsurance, as well as cumulative claim frequency and the total of IBNR reserves. For the purpose of defining claims frequency, the number of reported claims is by loss occurrence and does not include claims that do not result in indemnification of loss. The Company presents incurred and paid claims development consistent with its GAAP reportable segments (Refer to Note 22, Segments). The information about incurred and paid claims development for the years ended prior to December 31, 2023 is presented as unaudited supplementary information.
In addition, the following tables show incurred loss and LAE by accident year in aggregate (in millions, except for number of claims):
Insurance-as-a-Service Incurred Loss and LAE, Net of Reinsurance
December 31, 2023
2019*2020*
2021*
2022*
2023IBNRCumulative Number of Reported Claims
Accident Year
20194.84.84.74.8 4.9 — 7,963
20207.67.49.3 8.9 0.1 16,667
20216.93.8 3.5 0.2 16,481
202213.7 12.4 0.8 21,422
202315.4 5.3 22,380
Total incurred Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses, net

$45.1 $6.4 84,913 
* Presented as unaudited required supplementary information
Insurance-as-a-Service Cumulative Paid Loss and LAE, Net of Reinsurance
2019*2020*
2021*
2022*
2023
Accident Year
20193.24.44.64.74.7 
20204.68.08.48.6 
20210.42.83.1 
20225.010.7 
20237.9 
Total paid losses and LAE, net

$35.0 
Total unpaid loss and LAE reserves, net
10.1 
Unpaid loss and LAE reserves for years prior to 2019, net
$0.3 
Ceded unpaid loss and LAE$135.4 
Gross unpaid loss and LAE$145.8 
* Presented as unaudited required supplementary information
Insurance-as-a-Service Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Loss By Age, Net of Reinsurance (Unaudited Supplementary Information)
The following table presents the average annual percentage payout of incurred losses by age, net of reinsurance as of December 31, 2023:
Years12345
Property and Casualty50%40%3%3%4%

Hippo Home Insurance Program Incurred Loss and LAE, Net of Reinsurance
December 31,December 31, 2023
2019*2020*
2021*
2022*
2023IBNRCumulative Number of Reported Claims
Accident Year
2019— — — — — — 6,973
202020.920.720.6 20.7 0.2 13,555
202169.959.7 58.0 2.6 24,459
202280.6 81.5 30.3 24,109
2023153.2 32.9 21,079
Total incurred Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses, net

$313.4 $66.0 90,175 
* Presented as unaudited required supplementary information

Hippo Home Insurance Program Cumulative Paid Loss and LAE, Net of Reinsurance
2019*2020*
2021*
2022*
2023
Accident Year
2019— — — — — 
202012.518.820.120.2 
202134.953.054.3 
202233.343.5 
2023104.7 
Total paid losses and LAE, net

$222.7 
Total unpaid loss and LAE reserves, net
90.7 
Ceded unpaid loss and LAE$83.7 
Gross unpaid loss and LAE$174.4 
* Presented as unaudited required supplementary information

Hippo Home Insurance Program Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Loss By Age, Net of Reinsurance (Unaudited Supplementary Information)
The following table presents the average annual percentage payout of incurred losses by age, net of reinsurance as of December 31, 2023:
Years12345
Property and Casualty55%23%18%2%2%

The reconciliation of the net incurred and paid loss information in the loss reserve rollforward table and development tables with respect to the current accident year is as follows (in millions):
2023 Current Accident Year2022 Current Accident Year
IncurredPaidIncurred Paid
Development table
Insurance-as-a-Service
15.4 7.9 13.7 5.0 
Hippo Home Insurance Program
153.2 104.7 80.6 33.3 
Unallocated loss adjustment expense
Insurance-as-a-Service
0.9 0.9 — — 
Hippo Home Insurance Program
14.1 14.1 18.9 18.9 
Other0.1 (0.1)— (0.5)
Rollforward table$183.7 $127.5 $113.2 $56.7 

Reconciliation of Reinsurance Recoverables
As of
December 31, 2023
Net outstanding liabilities from development tables
Insurance-as-a-Service$10.4 
Hippo Home Insurance Program90.7 
Reserve for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables at end of period101.1 
Recoverables
Insurance-as-a-Service135.4 
Hippo Home Insurance Program83.7 
Unallocated loss adjustment expense
2.3 
Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE at end of period221.4 
Reserve for losses and LAE gross of reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses and LAE as of end of the period$322.5