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Investments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investments by Operating Segment and/or Reporting Unit
The tables below present the components of revenue, expense, income (loss) before taxes, and assets for our reportable segments as well as Tiptree Capital - Other for the following periods:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Total revenues$246,706 $27,425 $12,474 $286,605 
Total expenses(233,369)(21,158)(17,174)(271,701)
Corporate expenses— — — (11,320)
Income (loss) before taxes$13,337 $6,267 $(4,700)$3,584 
Less: provision (benefit) for income taxes237 
Net income (loss)$3,347 
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests1,339 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$2,008 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Total revenues$174,005 $35,879 $14,157 $224,041 
Total expenses(160,558)(21,426)(19,135)(201,119)
Corporate expenses— — — (9,025)
Income (loss) before taxes$13,447 $14,453 $(4,978)$13,897 
Less: provision (benefit) for income taxes(844)
Net income (loss)$14,741 
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests1,978 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$12,763 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Total revenues$721,524 $87,191 $72,265 $880,980 
Total expenses(671,955)(62,072)(59,351)(793,378)
Corporate expenses— — — (33,151)
Income (loss) before taxes$49,569 $25,119 $12,914 $54,451 
Less: provision (benefit) for income taxes11,416 
Net income (loss)$43,035 
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests4,477 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$38,558 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Total revenues$482,299 $80,911 $(10,304)$552,906 
Total expenses(481,881)(60,143)(49,103)(591,127)
Corporate expenses— — — (25,199)
Income (loss) before taxes$418 $20,768 $(59,407)$(63,420)
Less: provision (benefit) for income taxes(22,030)
Net income (loss)$(41,390)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests2,038 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(43,428)
The following table presents the reportable segments and Tiptree Capital - Other assets for the following periods:
As of September 30, 2021As of December 31, 2020
Tiptree CapitalTiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherCorporateTotalInsuranceMortgageOtherCorporateTotal
Total assets$2,832,179 $205,878 $314,191 $26,104 $3,378,352 $2,452,798 $217,138 $302,068 $23,756 $2,995,760 
The following table presents the Company's investments related to insurance operations and other Tiptree investing activities, measured at fair value as of the following periods:
As of September 30, 2021
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Available for sale securities, at fair value, net of allowance for credit losses$541,121 $— $— $541,121 
Loans, at fair value2,099 87,227 — 89,326 
Equity securities110,198 — 29,220 139,418 
Other investments76,166 10,645 82,018 168,829 
Total investments$729,584 $97,872 $111,238 $938,694 

As of December 31, 2020
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Available for sale securities, at fair value, net of allowance for credit losses$377,133 $— $— $377,133 
Loans, at fair value7,795 82,937 — 90,732 
Equity securities98,130 — 25,708 123,838 
Other investments125,833 9,439 84,429 219,701 
Total investments$608,891 $92,376 $110,137 $811,404 
Schedule of available-for-sale securities The following tables present the Company's investments in AFS securities:
As of September 30, 2021
Amortized cost
Allowance for Credit Losses(1)
Gross
unrealized gains
Gross
unrealized losses
Fair value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$303,340 $— $3,128 $(1,221)$305,247 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions54,524 — 1,308 (214)55,618 
Corporate securities142,153 (80)946 (483)142,536 
Asset backed securities36,151 — 138 (2,047)34,242 
Certificates of deposit856 — — — 856 
Obligations of foreign governments2,654 (4)(34)2,622 
Total$539,678 $(84)$5,526 $(3,999)$541,121 
As of December 31, 2020
Amortized cost
Allowance for Credit Losses(1)
Gross
unrealized gains
Gross
unrealized losses
Fair value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$191,116 $— $5,245 $(58)$196,303 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions42,583 — 1,768 (1)44,350 
Corporate securities92,761 — 2,181 (1)94,941 
Asset backed securities37,975 — 316 (2,099)36,192 
Certificates of deposit1,355 — — — 1,355 
Obligations of foreign governments3,961 — 31 — 3,992 
Total$369,751 $— $9,541 $(2,159)$377,133 
(1) Represents the amount of impairment that has resulted from credit-related factors, and therefore was recognized in net realized and unrealized gains (losses) as a credit loss on AFS securities. Amount excludes unrealized losses relating to non-credit factors.
Schedule of amortized cost and fair value by contractual maturity date
The amortized cost and fair values of AFS securities, by contractual maturity date, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
As of
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Amortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair Value
Due in one year or less $23,768 $23,984 $30,306 $30,602 
Due after one year through five years227,073 228,476 149,378 153,406 
Due after five years through ten years55,470 55,445 26,621 27,479 
Due after ten years197,216 198,974 125,471 129,454 
Asset backed securities36,151 34,242 37,975 36,192 
Total$539,678 $541,121 $369,751 $377,133 
Schedule of available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position
The following tables present the gross unrealized losses on AFS securities by length of time that individual AFS securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months, and twelve months or greater and do not have an allowance for credit losses:
As of September 30, 2021
Less Than or Equal to One YearMore Than One Year
Fair valueGross
unrealized losses
# of SecuritiesFair valueGross unrealized losses# of Securities
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$188,046 $(1,059)267 $6,094 $(162)20 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions12,303 (203)41 279 (11)
Corporate securities76,400 (483)240 — — — 
Asset backed securities4,195 (11)23 3,391 (2,036)
Obligations of foreign governments1,884 (34)— — — 
Total
$282,828 $(1,790)577 $9,764 $(2,209)28 
As of December 31, 2020
Less Than or Equal to One YearMore Than One Year
Fair valueGross
unrealized losses
# of SecuritiesFair valueGross unrealized losses# of Securities
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$15,323 $(58)41 $$— 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions379 (1)— — — 
Corporate securities901 (1)— — — 
Asset backed securities— — — 18,927 (2,099)
Total
$16,603 $(60)49 $18,929 $(2,099)11 
Roll forward Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses for AFS Securities
The table below presents a roll-forward of the activity in the allowance for credit losses on AFS securities by type as of September 30, 2021:
Obligations of state and political subdivisionsCorporate securitiesAsset backed securitiesObligations of foreign governmentsTotal
Balance at December 31, 2020$— $— $— $— $— 
(Increase) in allowance for credit losses— (129)— (6)(135)
Reduction in credit losses due to AFS securities sold during the year— — 
Gains from recoveries of amounts previously written off— 46 — 47 
Balance at September 30, 2021$— $(80)$— $(4)$(84)
Balance at December 31, 2019$— $— $— $— $— 
Increase in the allowance for the initial adoption of ASU 2016-13(1)(50)(2)— (53)
Reduction in credit losses due to AFS securities sold during the year— — — 
Gains from recoveries of amounts previously written off 37 — 40 
Balance at September 30, 2020$— $(10)$— $— $(10)


The Company applies a discounted cash flow model, based on assumptions and model outputs provided by an investment management company, in determining its lifetime expected credit losses on AFS securities. This includes determining the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the book yield of the security.

The table below presents the amount of credit losses (gains from recoveries) on AFS securities recorded by the Company for the following period:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Net gains from recoveries (credit losses) on AFS securities(1)(8)(84)43 
Restricted Investments The following table presents the Company's restricted investments included in the Company's AFS securities:
As of
September 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
Fair value of restricted investments in trust pursuant to reinsurance agreements$44,082 $44,349 
Fair value of restricted investments for special deposits required by state insurance departments9,143 9,447 
Total fair value of restricted investments$53,225 $53,796 
Available-for-sale Securities additional information
The following table presents additional information on the Company’s AFS securities:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Purchases of AFS securities$142,420 $49,285 $285,151 $111,280 
Proceeds from maturities, calls and prepayments of AFS securities$16,616 $21,643 $51,245 $65,492 
Gross proceeds from sales of AFS securities$29,713 $2,873 $62,902 $15,249 

The following table presents the gross realized gains and gross realized losses from sales and redemptions of AFS securities:

Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Gross realized gains$303 $115 $625 $274 
Gross realized (losses)(7)— (9)(63)
Total net realized gains (losses) from investment sales and redemptions$296 $115 $616 $211 
Schedule of Investments in Loans Measured at Fair Value
The following table presents the Company’s investments in loans measured at fair value and the Company’s investments in loans measured at fair value pledged as collateral:
As of September 30, 2021As of December 31, 2020
Fair valueUnpaid principal balance (UPB)Fair value exceeds / (below) UPBPledged as CollateralFair valueUnpaid principal balance (UPB)Fair value exceeds / (below) UPBPledged as Collateral
Insurance:
Corporate loans (1)
$2,099 $5,197 $(3,098)$— $7,795 $12,281 $(4,486)$— 
Mortgage:
Mortgage loans held for sale (2)
87,227 83,960 3,267 84,823 82,937 78,590 4,347 81,630 
Total loans, at fair value$89,326 $89,157 $169 $84,823 $90,732 $90,871 $(139)$81,630 
(1)    The cost basis of Corporate loans was approximately $4,108 and $11,282 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)    As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were two mortgage loans held for sale that were 90 days or more past due, respectively, with a fair value of $332 and $534, respectively.
The following table presents the total notes and accounts receivable, net:
As of
September 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
Accounts and premiums receivable, net$150,412 $95,269 
Retrospective commissions receivable145,904 131,760 
Notes receivable, net - premium financing program75,448 62,075 
Trust receivables47,682 54,393 
Other receivables23,704 26,955 
Total notes and accounts receivable, net$443,150 $370,452 

The following table presents the total valuation allowance and bad debt expense for the following periods:
Valuation allowanceBad Debt Expense
As ofThree Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
September 30, 2021December 31,
2020
2021202020212020
Notes receivable, net - premium financing program (1)
$129 $101 $68 $54 $210 $165 
Accounts and premiums receivable, net$164 $169 $10 $$20 $19 
(1)    As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were $1,311 and $215 in balances classified as 90 days plus past due, respectively.
Debt Securities, Trading, and Equity Securities The following table presents information on the cost and fair value of the Company’s equity securities related to insurance operations and other Tiptree investing activity as of the following periods:
As of September 30, 2021
InsuranceTiptree Capital - OtherTotal
CostFair ValueCostFair ValueCostFair Value
Invesque$23,339 $6,103 $111,491 $29,220 $134,830 $35,323 
Fixed income exchange traded fund38,682 39,694 — — 38,682 39,694 
Other equity securities62,194 64,401 — — 62,194 64,401 
Total equity securities$124,215 $110,198 $111,491 $29,220 $235,706 $139,418 

As of December 31, 2020
InsuranceTiptree Capital - OtherTotal
CostFair ValueCostFair ValueCostFair Value
Invesque$23,339 $5,370 $111,491 $25,708 $134,830 $31,078 
Fixed income exchange traded fund62,438 63,875 — — 62,438 63,875 
Other equity securities38,069 28,885 — — 38,069 28,885 
Total equity securities$123,846 $98,130 $111,491 $25,708 $235,337 $123,838 
Schedule of Other Investments
The following table contains information regarding the Company’s other investments as of the following periods:
As of September 30, 2021
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Corporate bonds, at fair value (1)
$44,217 $— $— $44,217 
Vessels, net (2)
— — 80,558 80,558 
Debentures20,753 — — 20,753 
Other11,196 10,645 1,460 23,301 
Total other investments$76,166 $10,645 $82,018 $168,829 

As of December 31, 2020
Tiptree Capital
InsuranceMortgageOtherTotal
Corporate bonds, at fair value (1)
$105,777 $— $— $105,777 
Vessels, net (2)
— — 83,028 83,028 
Debentures17,703 — — 17,703 
Other2,353 9,439 1,401 13,193 
Total other investments$125,833 $9,439 $84,429 $219,701 

(1)    The cost basis of corporate bonds was $42,272 and $97,284 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)     Net of accumulated depreciation of $11,873 and $8,372 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Components of Investment Income The following table presents the components of net investment income by source of income:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Interest:
AFS securities$1,840 $1,748 $5,246 $6,003 
Loans, at fair value181 113 680 509 
Other investments1,597 1,718 4,593 2,868 
Dividends from equity securities276 74 480 1,142 
Subtotal3,894 3,653 10,999 10,522 
Less: investment expenses564 630 1,668 1,719 
Net investment income$3,330 $3,023 $9,331 $8,803 

Other Investment Income - Tiptree Capital

Other investment income represents other revenue from other Tiptree non-insurance activities as disclosed within other revenue on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, see Note (16) Other Revenue and Other Expenses. The following tables present the components of other investment income by type:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Interest:
Loans, at fair value (1)
$1,450 $1,333 $4,506 $4,020 
Dividends from equity securities— — — 2,533 
Loan fee income5,014 4,817 15,511 12,643 
Vessel related revenue11,426 5,517 25,043 17,218 
Other investment income$17,890 $11,667 $45,060 $36,414 
(1)    Primarily relates to Loans, at fair value classified as Held for Sale. See Note (4) Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale.
Components of Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Losses)
The following table presents the components of net realized and unrealized gains (losses) recorded on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities are included within other comprehensive income (loss) (OCI), net of tax, and, as such, are not included in this table. Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on non-investment related financial assets and liabilities are included below:

Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
Net realized gains (losses)
Insurance:
Reclass of unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities from OCI $296 $115 $616 $211 
Net gains from recoveries (credit losses) on AFS securities(1)(8)(84)43 
Net realized gains (losses) on loans 90 202 (389)(1,305)
Net realized gains (losses) on equity securities (310)(1,540)(4,874)(22,429)
Net realized gains (losses) on corporate bonds1,676 2,443 3,174 4,073 
Other (509)(673)1,401 1,004 
Tiptree Capital
Mortgage:
Net realized gains (losses) on loans23,992 31,463 70,306 77,478 
Other(1,652)(1,766)596 (9,196)
Other:
Net realized gains (losses) on loans (1)
16,644 11,883 42,232 26,466 
Other (231)(1,351)1,523 (3,510)
Total net realized gains (losses)39,995 40,768 114,501 72,835 
Net unrealized gains (losses)
Insurance:
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on loans (174)157 1,313 (2,063)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities held at period end(779)(2,135)14,511 (26,875)
Reclass of unrealized (gains) losses from prior periods for equity securities sold (1,766)281 (1,362)17,290 
Other (6,015)1,817 (9,302)2,741 
Tiptree Capital
Mortgage:
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on loans(255)1,238 (1,080)2,359 
Other566 957 3,632 (908)
Other:
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on loans (1)
1,801 1,364 (314)1,218 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities held at period end(10,396)(7,586)3,512 (65,970)
Other (8,172)2,098 (5,143)6,001 
Total net unrealized gains (losses)(25,190)(1,809)5,767 (66,207)
Total net realized and unrealized gains (losses)$14,805 $38,959 $120,268 $6,628 
(1)    Relates to Loans, at fair value classified as Held for Sale. See Note (4) Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale.