Income Taxes

Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended			Year Ended			Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016			Jan 31, 2015			Feb 1, 2014
Federal:
Current	$	23,618		$	37,802		$	61,239
Deferred	4,038			(8,566		)	(20,294		)
State:
Current	3,864			6,242			6,202
Deferred	(296		)	(3,262		)	(1,627		)
Foreign:
Current	14,259			9,756			25,611
Deferred	(3,019		)	3,852			4,117
Total	$	42,464		$	45,824		$	75,248

Except where required by U.S. tax law, no provision was made for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of the foreign subsidiaries as the Company intends to utilize those earnings in the foreign operations for an indefinite period of time or repatriate such earnings only when tax-effective to do so. That portion of accumulated undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries as of January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015 was approximately $797 million and $772 million, respectively.

Actual income tax expense differs from expected income tax expense obtained by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended			Year Ended			Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016			Jan 31, 2015			Feb 1, 2014
Computed “expected” tax expense	$	44,547		$	50,053		$	81,536
State taxes, net of federal benefit	2,320			1,937			2,974
Non-U.S. tax expense less than federal statutory tax rate (1)	(6,991		)	(5,955		)	(11,260		)
Valuation reserve (2)	3,024			3,284			1,085
Unrecognized tax benefit	1,123			471			6,856
Prior year tax adjustments	(2,944		)	(2,955		)	(3,489		)
Other	1,385			(1,011		)	(2,454		)
Total	$	42,464		$	45,824		$	75,248

________________________________________________________________________

(1)

The jurisdictional location of pre-tax income (loss) may represent a significant component of the Company’s effective tax rate as income tax rates outside the U.S. are generally lower than the U.S. statutory income tax rate. Furthermore, the impact of changes in the jurisdictional location of pre-tax income (loss) on the Company’s effective tax rate will be greater at lower levels of consolidated pre-tax income (loss). These amounts exclude the impact of net changes in valuation allowances, audit and other adjustments related to the Company’s non-U.S. operations, as they are reported separately in the appropriate corresponding line items in the table above. The impact on the Company’s effective tax rate was primarily related to the Company’s Swiss and Korean subsidiaries which have jurisdictional effective tax rates which range from 10% to 20% lower than the U.S. rates.


(2)	Amounts relate primarily to net operating losses in emerging markets in Asia and South America for which have full valuation reserves.

Total income tax expense (benefit) is allocated as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended		Year Ended			Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016		Jan 31, 2015			Feb 1, 2014
Operations	$	42,464	$	45,824		$	75,248
Stockholders’ equity	4,668		(660		)	3,673
Total income tax expense	$	47,132	$	45,164		$	78,921

The tax effects of the components of other comprehensive income (loss) are allocated as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended			Year Ended			Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016			Jan 31, 2015			Feb 1, 2014
Derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges	$	559		$	721		$	237
Marketable securities	(7		)	(61		)	(4		)
Defined benefit plans	2,972			(2,335		)	2,963
Total income tax expense (benefit)	$	3,524		$	(1,675	)	$	3,196

Total earnings before income tax expense and noncontrolling interests are comprised of the following (in thousands):



	Year Ended		Year Ended		Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016		Jan 31, 2015		Feb 1, 2014
Domestic operations	$	90,141	$	98,036	$	140,153
Foreign operations	37,138		44,972		92,806
Earnings before income tax expense and noncontrolling interests	$	127,279	$	143,008	$	232,959

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015 are presented below (in thousands):



	Jan 30, 2016			Jan 31, 2015
Deferred tax assets:
Defined benefit plans	$	20,654		$	23,901
Deferred compensation	14,729			12,416
Rent expense	12,545			12,672
Deferred income	10,923			15,953
Net operating losses	8,460			6,122
Lease incentives	6,865			6,179
Bad debt reserve	4,515			5,175
Accrued bonus	2,956			1,342
Uniform capitalization	1,929			1,927
Excess of book over tax depreciation/amortization	—			1,667
Other	23,538			15,453
Total deferred tax assets	107,114			102,807
Deferred tax liabilities:
Excess of tax over book depreciation/amortization	(4,259		)	—
Goodwill amortization	(3,629		)	(3,627		)
Other	(5,029		)	(3,872		)
Valuation allowance	(10,584		)	(7,501		)
Net deferred tax assets	$	83,613		$	87,807

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company adopted authoritative guidance which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes by requiring that all deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as long-term on the balance sheet, and accordingly, the above net deferred tax assets have been classified as long-term in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015. As a result of the adoption of this new guidance, the Company reclassified $19.1 million from current to long-term as of January 31, 2015.

Based on the historical earnings of the Company and projections of future taxable earnings, management believes it is more likely than not that the results of operations will not generate sufficient taxable earnings to realize net deferred tax assets. Therefore, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $10.6 million, which is an increase of $3.1 million from the prior year.

As of January 30, 2016, the Company’s U.S. and certain retail operations in Asia, Europe and Brazil had net operating loss carryforwards of $30.3 million. These are comprised of $8.1 million of operating loss carryforwards that have an unlimited carryforward life, $13.5 million of foreign operating loss carryforwards that expire between fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2025 and $8.7 million of state operating loss carryforwards that expire between fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2035. Based on the historical earnings of these operations, management believes that it is more likely than not that some of the operations will not generate sufficient earnings to utilize all of the net operating loss. As of January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015, the Company had a valuation allowance of $7.9 million and $5.4 million, respectively, related to its net operating loss carryforwards.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal and foreign income tax as well as income tax of multiple state and foreign local jurisdictions. From time-to-time, the Company is subject to routine income tax audits on various tax matters around the world in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company has substantially concluded all U.S. federal, foreign, state and foreign local income tax matters for years through fiscal 2009, as of January 30, 2016, several income tax audits were underway in multiple jurisdictions for various periods after fiscal 2009. The Company does not believe that the resolution of open matters will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or liquidity.

The Company accrues an amount for its estimate of additional income tax liability which the Company, more likely than not, could incur as a result of the ultimate resolution of income tax audits (“uncertain tax positions”). The Company reviews and updates the estimates used in the accrual for uncertain tax positions as more definitive information becomes available from taxing authorities, upon completion of tax audits, upon expiration of statutes of limitation, or upon occurrence of other events.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefit (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended			Year Ended			Year Ended
	Jan 30, 2016			Jan 31, 2015			Feb 1, 2014
Beginning balance	$	13,640		$	10,900		$	4,527
Additions:
Tax positions related to the prior year	496			4,224			—
Tax positions related to the current year	1,516			1,722			7,501
Reductions:
Tax positions related to the prior year	(1,650		)	(55		)	(1,128		)
Tax positions related to the current year	(359		)	(91		)	—
Settlements	(505		)	(599		)	—
Expiration of statutes of limitation	(553		)	(2,461		)	—
Ending balance	$	12,585		$	13,640		$	10,900

The amount of unrecognized tax benefit as of January 30, 2016 includes $11.1 million (net of federal benefit on state issues) which, if ultimately recognized, may reduce our future annual effective tax rate. As of January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015, the Company had $13.9 million and $14.4 million, respectively, of aggregate accruals for uncertain tax positions, including penalties and interest.

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company included interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions of $0.6 million and $0.3 million in net income tax expense for fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively. There were minimal interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions included in net income tax expense for fiscal 2014. Total interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions was $1.3 million and $0.7 million for the years ended January 30, 2016 and January 31, 2015, respectively.