<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Generated by ThunderDome Portal - 1/23/2024 4:10:35 AM-->
<xsd:schema xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:stpr="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2023" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" xmlns:sic="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2023" xmlns:currency="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2023" xmlns:exch="http://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2023" xmlns:mrtn="http://www.mrtn.com/20240125" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.mrtn.com/20240125">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negated" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2023/stpr-2023.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2023/sic-2023.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2023/currency-2023.xsd"/>
<xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2023/exch-2023.xsd"/>

<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:appinfo>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="mrtn-20240125_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="mrtn-20240125_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="mrtn-20240125_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
<link:roleType id="statement-document-and-entity-information" roleURI="http://www.mrtn.com/20240125/role/statement-document-and-entity-information">
<link:definition xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">000 - Document - Document And Entity Information</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
</xsd:appinfo>
</xsd:annotation>
<xsd:element abstract="true" id="mrtn_DocumentAndEntityInformation" name="DocumentAndEntityInformation" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType" xbrli:periodType="duration"/>
</xsd:schema>
