FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill impairment analyses

We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill as of July 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that could indicate a possible impairment. Our policy on impairment of goodwill, which is included in Note 1, explains our methodology for assessing goodwill impairment.

2023 annual goodwill impairment analyses – In completing the 2023 annual goodwill impairment analysis as of July 31, 2023, we elected to perform qualitative analyses for all of our reporting units. These qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting units. We also considered the most recent quantitative analyses completed in prior periods. In completing these assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As such, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded as a result of our 2023 annual impairment analysis.

2022 annual goodwill impairment analyses – In completing the 2022 annual goodwill impairment analysis as of July 31, 2022, we elected to perform qualitative analyses for all of our reporting units, with the exception of our Data Analytics reporting unit. These qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting units. We also considered the most recent quantitative analyses completed in prior periods. In completing these assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. The quantitative analysis of our Data Analytics reporting unit indicated that the estimated fair value of this reporting unit exceeded its carrying

value by approximately $46,000, or by 39% above the carrying value of its net assets. As such, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded as a result of our 2022 annual impairment analysis.

2021 annual goodwill impairment analyses – In completing the 2021 annual goodwill impairment analysis as of July 31, 2021, we elected to perform qualitative analyses for all of our reporting units. These qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting units. We also considered the most recent quantitative analyses completed in prior periods. In completing these assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As such, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded as a result of our 2021 annual impairment analysis.

Second quarter 2021 realignment of reporting units – As a result of changes in our financial management reporting process during the second quarter of 2021, we concluded that a realignment of our reporting units was required. These changes did not require a revision to our reportable business segments. We analyzed goodwill for impairment immediately prior to this realignment by performing qualitative analyses for the reporting units with goodwill. The qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting units. We also considered the last quantitative analyses we completed. In completing these assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount.

The realignment of our reporting units, effective April 1, 2021, did not change the reporting units within our Data Solutions or Checks segments. Within our Payments segment, the number of reporting units increased from 1 to 4, and within our Promotional Solutions segment, the number of reporting units increased from 1 to 2. Upon completing the realignment, we reallocated the carrying value of goodwill to our new reporting units based on their relative fair values. Immediately subsequent to the realignment, we completed qualitative analyses for the reporting units that changed and to which goodwill was assigned. We determined that it was appropriate to perform qualitative assessments, given that our analysis indicated that the change in reporting units did not mask or prevent an impairment that existed at the time of the change. In completing the qualitative assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As such, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded as a result of these analyses.

Business combinations

For all acquisitions, we are required to measure the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired. Information regarding our 2021 acquisition can be found in Note 6 and information regarding the useful lives of acquired intangibles can be found in Note 3. The identifiable net assets acquired during 2021 were comprised primarily of intangible assets, accounts receivable and operating lease assets and liabilities. The fair value of the customer relationship intangibles acquired during 2021, as well as the partner relationship intangibles, was estimated using the multi-period excess earnings method. This valuation model estimates revenues and cash flows derived from the asset and then deducts portions of the cash flow that can be attributed to supporting assets, such as a trade name or fixed assets, that contributed to the generation of the cash flows. The resulting cash flow, which is attributable solely to the customer relationship or partner relationship asset, is then discounted at a rate of return commensurate with the risk of the asset to calculate a present value. Key assumptions used in all of these calculations included same-customer revenue, merchant and partner growth rates; estimated earnings; estimated customer and partner retention rates, based on the acquirees' historical information; and the discount rate.

The estimated fair values of the acquired trade names and technology-based intangibles were estimated using the relief from royalty method, which calculates the cost savings associated with owning rather than licensing the assets. Assumed royalty rates were applied to projected revenue for the estimated remaining useful lives of the assets to estimate the royalty savings. Royalty rates are selected based on the attributes of the asset, including its recognition and reputation in the industry, and in the case of trade names, with consideration of the specific profitability of the products sold under a trade name and supporting assets.

The estimated fair value of the acquired accounts receivable approximated the gross contractual amounts receivable and we expect to collect all acquired receivables. The fair value of the acquired operating lease liabilities was estimated as if the leases were new. As such, we reassessed the lease term, the discount rate and the lease payments. The fair value of the related operating lease assets was measured at the same amount as the lease liability, adjusted to reflect favorable or unfavorable terms of the leases as compared to market terms.

Recurring fair value measurements

Cash and cash equivalents and funds held for customers included available-for-sale debt securities (Note 3). These securities included domestic money market funds and, as of December 31, 2022, included a private mutual fund investment that invested in Canadian and provincial government securities. The cost of the money market funds, which were traded in an active

market, approximated their fair values because of the short-term nature of the underlying investments. The mutual fund investment was not traded in an active market and its fair value was determined by obtaining quoted prices in active markets for the underlying securities held by the fund. Unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, were included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets. The cost of securities sold was determined using the average cost method. The loss realized on the sale of the mutual fund investment during the fourth quarter of 2023 was included in other income, net on the consolidated statement of income. The fair values of our derivative instruments (Note 7) are calculated based on the applicable reference rate curve on the date of measurement.

Information regarding the fair values of our financial instruments was as follows:


						Fair value measurements using
	Balance sheet location	December 31, 2023				Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(in thousands)		Carrying value		Fair value
Measured at fair value through comprehensive income:
Available-for-sale debt securities	Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,000	$	22,000	$	22,000	$	—	$	—
Derivative assets (Note 7)	Other non-current assets	1,806		1,806		—		1,806		—
Derivative liability (Note 7)	Other non-current liabilities	(2,158)		(2,158)		—		(2,158)		—
Amortized cost:
Cash	Cash and cash equivalents	49,962		49,962		49,962		—		—
Cash	Funds held for customers	383,134		383,134		383,134		—		—
Cash	Other non-current assets	2,937		2,937		2,937		—		—
Loans and notes receivable from distributors	Other current and non-current assets	13,430		13,249		—		—		13,249
Long-term debt	Current portion of long-term debt and long-term debt	1,592,851		1,554,028		—		1,554,028		—


						Fair value measurements using
	Balance sheet location	December 31, 2022				Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(in thousands)		Carrying value		Fair value
Measured at fair value through comprehensive income:
Available-for-sale debt securities	Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,000	$	5,000	$	5,000	$	—	$	—
Available-for-sale debt securities	Funds held for customers	8,126		8,126		—		8,126		—
Derivative assets (Note 7)	Other current and non-current assets	3,593		3,593		—		3,593		—
Amortized cost:
Cash	Cash and cash equivalents	35,435		35,435		35,435		—		—
Cash	Funds held for customers	294,165		294,165		294,165		—		—
Cash	Other non-current assets	2,815		2,815		2,815		—		—
Loans and notes receivable from distributors	Other current and non-current assets	14,220		13,315		—		—		13,315
Long-term debt	Current portion of long-term debt and long-term debt	1,644,276		1,574,417		—		1,574,417		—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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